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EAST  INDIA  COMPANY'S   RECORDS 


VOL.   II. 


Y  1268. 


LETTERS 


RECEIVED    BY    THE 


East  India  Company 

Jrom  its  Servants  in  tbe  East 

TRANSCRIBED  FROM  THE  'ORIGINAL  CORRESPONDENCE' 
SERIES  OF  THE  INDIA  OFFICE  RECORDS 

VOL.    II. 
1613—  1615 

WITH  AN  INTRODUCTION  BY 

WILLIAM    FOSTER,    B.A. 

loint  Editor  of  '  The  Register  of  Letters  of  the  E.  India  Co.,  1600-19.' 


PUBLISHED    UNDER    THE    PATRONAGE    OF    HER    MAJESTY'S 
SECRETARY    OF    STATE    FOR    INDIA    IN    COUNCIL 


LONDON 

SAMPSON    LOW,    MARSTON    &    COMPANY 

[LIMITED) 

St.  E>unstan's  "ffjousc 
FETTER    LANE,    FLEET    STREET,    E.C. 

1897 


■ 


1; 


CONTENTS 


PAGE 

124.  Tempest  Peacocke  to  the   Company.     Firando,  Decem- 

ber 2,  1613 1 

125.  Instructions  left  by  Captain  John  Saris  on  his  departure 

from  Japan.     P'irando,  December  5,  161 3         ...         4 

126.  Richard  Cocks  to  William  Adams  and  Richard  Wickham 

at  Jeddo.     Firando,  December  24,  161 3    ....         9 

127.  Instructions  from  Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham,  for 

a  trading-  expedition  to  Jeddo  and  other  places.     Firando, 
January  [     ],  1613-14 10 

128.  John  Jourdain   to   the   Company.      Bantam,  January   31, 

1613-14 14 

129.  Declaration  by  Peter  Floris  concerning  a  sum  of  money 

belonging  to  the  Seventh  Voyage.     Masulipatam,  Feb- 
ruary 1,  1613-14 .  17 

130.  Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham  at  Jeddo.     Firando, 

February  5,  1613-14.         .......       17 

131.  The  same  to  the  same.     Firando,  February  17,  1613-14    .       18 

132.  Captain  Essington  and  Peter  Floris  to  Thomas  Aldworthe 

at  Surat.     Masulipatam,  February  18,  161 3-14  (Missing)       19 

133.  William  Eaton  to  Richard  Wickham  at  Jeddo.     Osaka, 

March  1,  1613-14 20 

134.  Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham  at  Jeddo.     Firando, 

March  7,  1613-14 21 


L30504 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


PAGE 


23 

25 
26 

28 

29 
30 


135.  The  same  to  the  same.     Firando,  March  9,  161 3-14  .         .       22 

136.  Captain   Downton's   instructions  to  his  fleet  for  keeping 

company,  March  14,  161 3-14 

137.  William  Eaton  to  Richard  Wickham  at  Jeddo.      Osaka 

March  22,  1613-14 

138.  Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham  at  Jeddo.     Firando 

April  1,  1614 

139.  Instructions  from  Captain  Larkin  and  others  to  Sophony 

Cozucke,  proceeding  to  Landak.     Sukadana,  April  11 
1614 

140.  William  Eaton  to  Richard  Wickham  at  Jeddo.     Osaka 

April  20,  1614 

141.  The  same  to  the  same.     Osaka,  April  21,  16 14  . 

142.  Letters  received  by  John  Jourdain  at  Bantam  : — 

(1)  From  George  Cokayne  at  Macassar,  April  24  and 

May  7  &  24,  1614 31 

(2)  From  Richard  Welden  at  Macassar,  May  23,  1614  35 

(3)  From  Robert  Larkin  at  Sukadana,  June  10,  1614    .  37 

(4)  From  the  same  at  Patani,  July  24,  16 14  .         .         .  38 

(5)  From  Peter  Floris  and  George  Chauncey  at  Masu- 

lipatam,July  10,  1614 .         .....       40 

(6)  From  John  Gourney  and  others  at  Patani,  July  28, 

1614 44 

(7)  From  George  Cokayne  at  Macassar,  July  17,  1614       45 

143.  Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham  at  Jeddo.     Firando, 

May  12,  1614 46 

144.  William  Eaton  to  Richard  Wickham  at  Jeddo.     Osaka, 

May  12,  1614 48 

145.  Instructions  from  John  Gourney  and  others  to  John  Jourdain 

and  Richard  Cobb  for  the  disposal  of  goods  from   the 
'James,'  June  1,  1614 49 

146.  William  Eaton  to  Richard  Wickham.    Osaka,  June  3,  1614       50 

147.  Richard  Cocks  to  William  Adams  at  Jeddo.      Firando, 

June  s,  1614 51 


CONTENTS  vii 

PAGE 

148.  Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham  at  Jeddo.     Firando, 

June  5,  1614 S3 

149.  Benjamin  Farie  to  John  Jourdain  [at  Bantam].    Sukadana, 

June  11,  1614 54 

150.  Nathaniel    Courthope    to    John    Jourdain    [at    Bantam]. 

[Sukadana],  June  14,  1614 57 

151.  Peter  Floris  to  Thomas  Aldworthe  at  Surat.    Masulipatam, 

June  17,  1614 59 

152.  William  Eaton  to  Richard  Wickham  at  Jeddo.      Osaka, 

June  17,  1614 62 

153.  Thomas    Brockedon    to    Sir    Thomas     Smith.       Patani, 

July  23,  1614 63 

154.  Captain  Larkin  to  Sir  Thomas  Smith,     Patani,  July  24, 

1614 65 

155.  Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham  at  Jeddo.     Firando, 

July  25,  1614 67 

155A.  William  Nealson  to  [Richard  Wickham.     Firando,  about 

February,  161 3-14] 71 

156.  William  Eaton  to  Richard  Wickham  at  Jeddo.     Firando, 

July  26,  1614 74 

157.  William  Adams  to  Richard  Wickham  at  Jeddo.     Firando, 

July  26,  1614 75 

158.  Benjamin  Farie  to  [the  Company].     Patani,  July  26,  1614  .       77 

159.  John  Gourney  to  the  Company.     Patani,  July  28,  1614         .       80 

159A.  Invoice  of  goods  left  in    Patani  for  the  Ninth  Voyage, 

July  25,  1614 88 

160.  Duplicate  of  No.  159 88 

161.  John  Gourney  to  Sir  Thomas  Smith.     Patani,  July  28,  1614       88 

162.  Thomas  Herode  to  Sir  Thomas  Smith.     Patani,  July  28, 

1614 91 

163.  Thomas  Aldworthe  and  William  Biddulph  to  the  Company. 

Surat,  August  19,  1614 96 


viii  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

164.  Thomas  Aldworthe  to  Peter  Floris  at  Masulipatam.    Surat, 

August  19,  1614 I01 

165.  Thomas    Keridg-e    to    the    Company.     Ajmere,    Septem- 

ber 20,  1614 I03 

166.  Thomas  Keridg-e  to  Sir  Thomas  Smith.      Ajmere,   Sep- 

tember 20,  1614 ' IO 

167.  Adam  Denton  to  the  Company.     Patani,  October  5,  16 14  .     112 

168  &  169.  Consultations  held  at  Svvally  and  Surat,  October  15 
to  November  28,  1614 

170.  Thomas  Aldworthe  to  Thomas  Keridge  at  Agra.     Surat 

October  22,  1614 

171.  William    Eaton   to   Richard   Cocks   at   Firando.     Osaka 

October  27,  1614 


172.  Nicholas   Withington    to   Thomas   Aldworthe    at    Surat 

Agra,  October  29,  1614 

173.  William    Eaton   to   Richard   Cocks  at    Firando.      Osaka 

October  30,  1614 


174.  John  Jourdain  and  George  Ball  to  the  Company.     Bantam 
October  31,  1614 


175.  A  note  of  the  ports  in  Persia,  obtained  by  Thomas  Keridge 

Ajmere,  October  [1614] 

176.  List  of  papers  sent  home  by  William  Nicholls  from  Tiku 

November  7,  1614      ....... 


130 

137 

»39 
140 

143 
144 

I4S 
147 


177.  Wiliiam  Edwards  to  the  Company.     Ahmedabad,  Decem- 

ber 20  [1614] 148 

178.  Thomas   Keridge    to    Thomas   Aldworthe   and   William 

Biddulph  at  Surat.     Ajmere,  November  15,  1614      .         .     156 

179.  Opinions    of    the    factors    concerning   the   behaviour    of 

Richard  Cobb.     Bantam,  November  16,  1614  .         .  1 59 

180.  Peter  Floris  and  George  Chauncey  to  Thomas  Aldworthe 

at  Surat.     Masulipatam,  November  16,  1614     .         .         .     164 

181.  Captain  Nicholas  Downton  to  the  Company.     Svvally  Road, 

November  20,  1614 167 


CONTENTS  \x 

PAGE 

182.  Particulars  learned  from  a  native  skipper  regarding-  Sind 

[November  20,  16 1 4]  (Missing) 172 

183.  List  of  goods  desired  from  England  by  Mukarrab  Khan 

for  the  Great  Mogul 173 

184.  Captain  Downton  to  Sir  Thomas  Smith.     Surat,  Novem- 

ber 20,  1614 174 

185.  Duplicate  of  No.  181 177 

186.  Thomas  Keridge  to  Captain  Downton  [at  Swally].    Ajmere, 

November  22,  1614 178 

187.  Abstracts  of  letters  received  by  the  '  Hope/  November, 

1615: — 

(1)  From  Captain  Downton.      Swally  Road,  Novem- 

ber 22,  1614 182 

(2)  From  John  Young.     February  25,  1614-15      .         .     183 

(3)  List  of  goods  desired  by  Mukarrab  Khan  for  the 

Great  Mogul 183 

(4)  From     Edward     Holmeden.       Surat,     March     7, 

1614-15 '      .        .183 

(5)  From  Thomas  Keridge.     Ajmere,  September  20, 

1614 183 

(6)  From   William   Edwards   to   Sir  Thomas  Smith. 

December  26,  16 14,  and  March  14,  1614-15        .     183 

(7)  From  Richard  Baker.     Saldania,  June  20,  1615      .     183 

(8)  From  Thomas   Keridge   to   Sir  Thomas    Smith. 

Ajmere,  September  20,  1614        ....     185 

(9)  From   Captain   Downton   to  William  Edwards  at 

Agra.     Swally  [March,  1614-15  ?]      .         .         .185 

(10)  From  George  Uffington.     Saldania,  June  20,  1615     185 

(11)  From    Captain    Downton.       Surat    (or     at     sea), 

March  7,  1614-15 185 

(12)  From   William    Biddulph.       Surat,    February   28, 

1614-15 1S7 

(13)  From   William    Edwards.      Ahmedabad,    Decem- 

ber 20,  1614 187 

(14)  From  Thomas  Mitford.     December  26,  1614  .         .     187 


x.  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

PAGE 

(15)  From    Edward   Dodsworth.     Killybegg    Harbour, 

November  5,  16 15 188 

(16)  From  Captain  Keeling-.     Saldania,  June  19,  1615  .     189 

(17)  From    Thomas    Keridge.      Ajmere,   January   20, 

1614-15 191 

(18)  From  John  Sandcrofte.     Surat,  November  29,  16 14     191 

(19)  From    Ralph   Preston.     Before   Dabul,   March   9, 

1614-15 191 

(20)  From  Robert  Gipps.     Saldania,  June  19,  1615        .     192 

(21)  From  Thomas  Elkington.     Swally,   February  25, 

1614-15 192 

(22)  From    Thomas    Keridge    to    Captain    Downton. 

Ajmere,  November  22,  1614        ....     192 

(23)  From  Thomas  Aldvvorthe  and  William  Biddulph. 

February  28  and  March  2,  1614-15     .         .         .     193 

(24)  From    Thomas  Arthington.      Saldania,    June    18, 

1615 194 

188.  Thomas  Keridge  to  William  Edwards  [at  Surat].     Ajmere, 

November  23,  1614 195 

189.  Richard  Cocks  to  the  Company.     Firando,  November  25, 

1614   .  196 

190.  Richard  Cocks  to  Adam  Denton  at  Patani.     Firando,  No- 

vember 25,  1614 202 

191.  Commission  and  invoice  of  goods   shipped  in  the   'Sea 

Adventure '  for  Siam.     Firando,  November  25,  1614         .     204 

192.  Consultation  at  Surat,  November  28,  1614,  regarding  the 

discovery  of  trade  in  Persia       ......     208 

193.  Captain  Downton  to  Sir  Robert  Sherley.     [Surat,  Novem- 

ber, 1614?] 209 

194.  John  Sandcrofte  to  the  Company.     Surat,  November  29, 

1614,  and  Ahmedabad,  December  19,  1614       •         •         •     212 

195.  Richard   Cocks   to   Richard  Wickham   aboard   the    '  Sea 

Adventure.'     Firando,  December  2,  1614.         .         .         .215 

196.  The  same  to  the  same.     Firando,  December  3,  1614  .        .216 


CONTENTS  xi 

PAGE 


197.  Japanese  receipt  for  certain  parcels.     August  22  [1613]     .    216 

1 97A.  Richard   Cocks  to   Richard  Wickham  aboard  the  '  Sea 

Adventure.'     Firando,  December  3,  1614 .        .        .        .    217 

198.  Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxwicke  at  Broach.      Surat, 

December  8,  1614 218 

199.  Thomas  Aldworthe  to  John  Oxwicke  at  Broach.     Baroda, 

December  9,  1614 218 

200.  Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxwicke  at  Broach.      Surat, 

December  10,  1614 219 

201.  Duplicate  (with  slight  variations)  of  No.  189       .         .         .     220 

202.  Richard  Cocks  to  the  Company  of  Merchant  Adventurers 

of  England  resident  in  Middelburg.     [Firando,  Decem- 
ber 10,  1614] 220 

203.  Richard   Cocks  to   Richard  Wickham   aboard  the   '  Sea 

Adventure.'     Firando,  December  10,  1614        .         .         .     222 

204.  The  same  to  the  same.     Firando,  December  10,  1614        .     223 

205.  The  same  to  the  same.     Firando,  December  12,  1614        .     223 

206.  Memorandum  of  goods  to  be  claimed   from   the   custom 

house  at  Surat  by  William  Biddulph  on  behalf  of  John 

Oxwicke 224 

William   Biddulph  to  John  Oxwicke   at  Broach.     [Surat], 
December  12,  1614 225 

207.  Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxwicke  at  Broach.     Surat, 

December  14,  1614 225 

208.  Richard  Cocks  to   Richard  Wickham   aboard  the   '  Sea 

Adventure.'     Firando,  December  15,  1614        .         .        .     227 

209.  The  same  to  the  same.     Firando,  December  15,  1614        .     227 

210.  Thomas   Elkington    to    John    Oxwicke    and    Christopher 

Farewell  [at  Broach].     Surat,  December  16,  1614   .        .     228 

211.  Richard   Cocks  to   Richard  Wickham   aboard  the   'Sea 

Adventure.'     Firando,  December  16,  1614         .         .         .     230 

212.  Jeronimo  de  Varrada  to  the  English  at  Firando.     Nanga- 

saki,  December  \  £,  1614  (Missing) 230 


xii  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

PAGE 

213.  Ralph  Preston  to  John  Oxwicke  at  Broach.     Ahmedabad, 

December  17,  1614 23! 

214.  Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxwicke  at  Broach.      Surat, 

January  17,  1614-15 232 

215.  Memorandum    by    [Thomas    Mitford  ?]    for    Christopher 

Farewell,  proceeding  to  Broach.     Baroda,  December  19, 
1614 


216.  [Richard  Wickham]  to  Richard  Cocks  at  Firando.    Amami 

Oosima,  December  23,  1614 

217.  Thomas  Mitford  to  the  Company.    [Ahmedabad],  Decern 

ber  26,  1614        ........ 

218.  John   Crouther  to   the  Company.      Ahmedabad,  Decern 

ber  26,  1614 

219.  William  Edwards   to    Sir  Thomas  Smith.      Ahmedabad 

December  26,  16 14,  and  Ajmere,  March  14,  16 14-15 

220.  Thomas  Aldworthe  to  the  Company.     Ahmedabad,  De 

cember  27,  1614 


221.  William     Edwards,     Thomas    Aldworthe,     and     Edward 

Dodsworth    to    John    Oxwicke    and    others   at   Broach 
Ahmedabad,  December  29,  1614       .... 

222.  Edward  Dodsworth  to  the  Company.     Ahmedabad,  De 

cember  30,  1614         ....... 

223.  Thomas    Elkington    to    John   Oxwicke   and    Christopher 

Farewell  at  Broach.     Surat,  December  31,  1614 

224.  Ralph  Preston  to  the  Company.     Ahmedabad,  January  1 

1614-15      


225.  Instructions  to  Richard  Steel  and  John  Crouther  for  their 

mission  to  Persia.     Ahmedabad,  January  2,  1614-15 

226.  John    Jourdain   and   others   to   the    Company.      Bantam 

January  2,  1614-15      ....... 

227.  Christopher  Farewell  to  John  Oxwicke  at  Broach.    Jam 

busar,  January  3,  1614-15  . 


CONTENTS  xiii 

PAGE 


228.  Thomas  Aldworthe  to  John  Oxwicke  and  others  at  Broach 

Ahmedabad,  January  4,  1614-15 

229.  John  Oxwicke  to  Thomas  Elkington  [at  Surat].     Broach 

Januarys,  1614-15 

230.  Resolution  by  a  court  of  merchants  at  Bantam,  January  9 

1614-15      


231.  Thomas  Aldworthe  to  John  Oxwicke  and  others  at  Broach 

Ahmedabad,  January  12,  1614-15       .... 

232.  [William  Nicholls  ?]  to  the  Company.    Bantam,  January  14 

1614-15      


233.  George  Chauncey  to  the  Company.     Bantam,  January  15 

1614-15       

234.  Thomas  Elkington   to  John  Oxwicke  at  Broach.     Surat 

January  19,  1614-15 

235.  Thomas  Keridge  to  the  Company.     Ajmere,  January  20 

1614-15      

236.  George  Chauncey  to  the  Company.     Bantam,  January  21 

1614-15       

237.  Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxwicke  at  Broach.     Surat 

January  21,  1614-15 

238.  The  same  to  the  same.     Surat,  January  23,  1614-15  . 

239.  The  same  to  the  same.     Surat,  January  24,  1 614-15  . 

240.  Instructions  to  George  Ball  for  a  voyage  to  Macassar  and 

Amboyna.     Bantam,  January  24,  1614-15 

241.  Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxwicke  at  Broach.     Surat 

January  31,  1614-15 

242(1).  Duplicate  of  No.  226 

242  (2).  John  Jourdain  to  the  Company.     Bantam,  February  10, 
1614-15      

243.  John  Yates  to  William  Greenwell,  Deputy  Governor  of  the 

Company.     Bantam,  February  17,  1614-15 

244.  Samuel  Boyle  to  the  Company.      Bantam,  February  18 

1614-15   


282 
283 
284 
286 
287 
292 

295 

297 

302 

302 
303 

305 

306 

3" 

312 

312 

319 
321 


xiv  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

PACK 

245.  Captain   David   Middleton    to    the    Company.      Bantam, 

February  20,  1614-15 324 

246.  John  Millward  to  the  Company.     Bantam,  February  20, 

1614-15 327 

247.  Edward  Blitheman  to  Sir  Thomas  Smith.     Bantam,  Feb- 

ruary 20,  1614—15 328 

248.  Richard  Rowe  to  the  Company.     Bantam,  February  21, 

1614-15 333 

249.  Richard  Westby  to  the  Company.     Bantam,  February  21, 

1614-15      ....  33s 

250.  John    Jourdain    to  George   Ball,   cape   merchant  of   the 

Concord.     Bantam,  February  23,  1614-15        .         .         .     339 


Corrigenda 

Page    49,  line  23,  after  very  insert  acceptable 
»»        77.     >>    17,  for  26  read  36 
,,     291,    „      8,  for  Kataping  ?  read  Kola  Teugah 


INTRODUCTION. 


HE  documents  of  the  '  Original  Correspondence'  series 
printed  in  the  present  volume  are  numbered  124  to 
250,  and,  with  a  few  exceptions,  belong  to  the  period 
between  the  2nd  December,  1613,  and  the  23rd  Feb- 
ruary, 1615,  or  nearly  fifteen  months.  The  exceptions,  it  may  be 
well  to  note,  are  Nos.  2,  4,  7,  9,  10,  11,  15, 16,  20,  23  and  24  of  the 
abstracts  ranged  under  No.  187.  These  were  mostly  written  from 
the  Cape  by  the  factors,  &c,  of  Reeling's  fleet  of  1615,  and  are 
mingled  with  letters  of  earlier  date  owing  to  the  fact  that  they 
were  received  by  the  Hope,  which  was  met  at  Table  Bay  on  her 
homeward  voyage. 

In  all,  nearly  one  hundred  and  fifty  separate  documents  are 
included  in  this  instalment.  Roughly  speaking,  one-half  of  these 
are  dated  from  Surat,  Agra,  or  other  places  in  the  dominions  of 
the  Great  Mogul ;  while  the  remainder  may  be  almost  equally 
divided  between  Japan  and  Bantam  (with  its  subordinates). 

The  importance  of  the  first  of  these  three  groups  is  certainly 
commensurate  with  its  bulk ;  for  the  period  in  question  was  one 
in  which  the  fate  of  the  English  attempt  to  settle  in  Western 
India  hung  more  than  once  in  the  balance.  As  noted  in  the 
Introduction  to  the  preceding  volume,  the  Portuguese,  in  the 
autumn  of  1613,  to  mark  their  displeasure  at  the  favourable 
reception  accorded  to  the  English,  had  seized  a  native  vessel 
of  great   value ;    and  Jahangir   had   thereupon   given   orders   to 

Y  1268.  a 


xviii  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

imprison  all  the  Portuguese  in  his  dominions,  and  had   sent  an 
army   under   Mukarrab    Khan   to   besiege   the   city   of    Damaun 
(p.  96).     Meanwhile  the  handful  of  Englishmen  whom  Best  had 
left  behind  him  under  Thomas  Aldworthe  had  been  well  treated,  'all 
these  people  here  generally  much  more  affecting  us  than  the  Por- 
tingals,  and  showing  us  kindness  in  what  they  may  '  (p.  97).    Their 
sales,  however,  were  inconsiderable,  and   their   discouragements 
many.     The  spring  and  summer  of  1614  passed  away  without  any 
tidings  of  the  expected  fleet  from  England ;  the  natives  began  to 
weary  of  the  hostilities  with  the  Portuguese  and  the  consequent  loss 
of  trade,and  to  doubt  whether  it  were  not  wiser  to  yield  to  the 
Viceroy's  demands  and  expel  the  English  from  the  Mogul's  terri- 
tories.    At   last,   however,  in    October,  1614,  Captain  Downton 
reached  Swally  '  with  four  gallant  ships  and  four  hundred  gallant 
men,'  as  Aldworthe  wrote  joyfully  to  Keridge  (p.  137).     The  news 
of  their  arrival  roused  the   Portuguese  to  a  supreme  effort ;  and, 
as  soon  as  he  could  collect  his  entire  force,  the  Viceroy  sailed 
to   the   north  with   the   intention  of  first  crushing  the   English 
intruders  and  then  punishing  their  native    allies.      Alarmed    at 
the  prospect  of  an  attack  upon  Surat,  Mukarrab  Khan  demanded 
the  active  co-operation  of  the  English  vessels  (p.  149).     Downton, 
however,  was  forbidden  by  his  commission  (First  Letter  Book  of 
the  E.  India  Co.,  p.  451)  to   commence   hostilities   against   the 
subjects   of  other    Christian    powers,    and    he   would    therefore 
undertake    nothing    unless    he    were    first    attacked    (pp.    149, 
168).     Mukarrab  Khan  was  greatly  incensed  at   this  and  showed 
his    displeasure    in    many    ways,    until    the    approach    of    the 
Viceroy's   armada  warned   him    not    to   alienate   his   only   sup- 
porters.    To  the  ensuing  engagement,  which,  as  is  well  known, 
ended  in  the  entire    discomfiture    of   the  Portuguese,  the   refer- 
ences  in   the   present   volume   are   curiously   meagre;    and    the 
student  who  wishes  for  details  of  the  fight  must  still  go  to  the 
journals  preserved  among  the  India  Office   Marine    Records   or 
to  the  pages  of  Purchas.     It  is  interesting,  however,  to  notice 
that   Downton   himself  testifies  to   the   bravery  shown   by   the 


INTRODUCTION  xix 

Portuguese.  '  The  gallants  of  the  Portugal's  army  were  in  this 
business,'  he  writes ;  in  fact  they  nearly  succeeded  in  their  first 
attack,  and  he  had  never  seen  men  fight  with  greater  resolution 
(p.  186). 

Meanwhile  more  peaceful  pursuits  were  not  forgotten.  It 
was  arranged  that  one  ship  should  be  sent  home  direct  from 
Swally,  and  factors  were  told  off  to  proceed  to  Ahmedabad, 
Broach,  Cambay,  and  other  places  to  procure  a  lading  of  indigo 
and  calicoes.  Before  they  separated,  a  series  of  consultations 
was  held  (Nos.  168,  169,  192),  at  which  the  position  of  affairs 
was  fully  discussed.  The  Company  had  intended  that  William 
Edwards,  the  principal  of  the  newly-arrived  factors,  should 
assume  the  direction  of  affairs  at  Surat ;  but  this  was  vigorously 
opposed  by  Aldworthe,  who  almost  unaided  had  maintained  the 
English  hold  on  the  port,  and  was  not  inclined  to  give  place 
to  a  new-comer  when  events  had  taken  a  more  favourable  turn 
(Dodsworth's  Journal,  I.  O.  Mar.  Rec).  The  need  of  someone 
'  of  good  fashion  and  esteem  '  at  Ajmere,  in  the  place  of  Keridge, 
suggested  an  honourable  compromise ;  and  ultimately  Aldworthe 
was  recognised  as  chief  at  Surat,  while  Edwards  was  appointed 
to  proceed  to  the  Court.  A  question  which  caused  some  difficulty 
was  that  of  the  capacity  in  which  the  latter  was  to  present 
himself.  The  Company  had  expressly  forbidden  any  of  their 
servants  to  imitate  Captain  Hawkins  in  assuming  the  title  of 
ambassador ;  and  yet  those  on  the  spot  agreed  that  '  whosoever 
should  go  up  to  the  king  under  the  title  of  a  merchant  should 
not  be  respected  ....  for  that  merchants  generally  are 
not  regarded  by  the  king'  (p.  133).  In  the  end  it  was  determined 
that  Edwards  should  call  himself  '  a  messenger  sent  by  our 
King  to  the  Great  Mogul '  (p.  137),  and  under  this  title  he  set 
out  from  Surat  in  December,  1614.  A  letter  which  he  sent 
from  Ajmere  to  Sir  Thomas  Smith  (p.  243)  states  that  their 
'  entertainment  by  the  Great  Mogul  hath  been  very  honourable,' 
and  that  they  look  forward  with  confidence  to  '  a  contenting 
trade  hereafter  without  obstacle  or  impediment.' 


bcx  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

Another  question  debated  at  the  consultations  among  the 
factors  was  the  advisability  of  endeavouring  to  open  a  trade  with 
Persia.  When  the  English  factors  first  repaired  to  the  Mogul 
Court  their  broadcloths  found  a  ready  sale,  and  in  consequence  a 
large  quantity  was  ordered  from  England  ;  but  when  once  the 
novelty  had  disappeared,  the  demand  fell  to  a  mere  fraction  of 
the  estimate  (p.  97),  and  it  seemed  probable  that  the  expected  con- 
signment would  be  far  beyond  their  requirements.  This  prospect 
quickened  Aldworthe's  interest  in  other  possible  markets,  par- 
ticularly Persia,  concerning  which  he  had  already  '  made  diligent 
enquiry'  (Vol.  I.,  p.  307).  There,  he  was  told,  they  might  be 
sure  '  of  the  vent  of  much  cloth,  in  regard  their  country  is  cold, 
and  that  men,  women,  and  children  are  clothed  therewith  some 
five  months  in  the  year'  (p.  98).  This  information  he  obtained 
from  an  Englishman  named  Steel,  who  had  come  overland  from 
Aleppo  in  pursuit  of  a  runaway  debtor,  and  had  been  persuaded  to 
await  at  Surat  the  coming  of  the  expected  fleet.  When  Downton 
arrived  the  matter  was  brought  before  the  council  of  merchants, 
and  it  was  resolved  to  despatch  Steel  to  Ispahan,  accompanied  by 
a  factor  named  Crouther,  to  procure  further  information  and  to 
solicit  a  firman  '  for  the  fair  and  peaceable  entertainment  of  our  men 
ships,  and  goods  in  all  such  parts  as  they  shall  arrive  at '  (p.  267). 
This  obtained,  they  were  to  separate,  Crouther  returning  to 
India  and  Steel  pursuing  his  journey  to  England  to  report  to 
the  Company.  As  a  further  means  of  obtaining  the  desired 
object,  they  were  furnished  with  letters  of  commendation  to 
Sir  Robert  Sherley,  who  had  recently  returned  to  Persia  (by 
way  of  Lahori  Bandar  and  Ajmere)  from  a  roving  mission  to 
various  European  courts  (1608-13)  as  the  Shah's  representative. 
With  these  letters  and  a  supply  of  money  for  the  needs  of  the 
journey  the  two  travellers  set  out  from  Ahmedabad  shortly  before 
the  date  on  which  the  volume  closes. 

Such  were  the  main  events  affecting  the  English  in  Western 
India  during  this  period.  Before  quitting  the  subject,  however, 
attention    may   be    directed    to   two   points    which   are   clearly 


INTRODUCTION  xxi 

brought  out  in  these  letters.  The  first  is  that  the  agreement 
concluded  by  Best  with  the  Governors  of  Surat  and  Ahmedabad 
was  far  from  possessing  the  importance  which  was  then  and 
since  has  been  ascribed  to  it.  Keridge,  writing  from  Ajmere 
in  November,  1614,  says  that  '  none  here  will  take  notice '  of  the 
articles  (p.  180) ;  and  it  is  clear,  from  the  instructions  given 
to  Canning  '  to  procure  the  king's  seal  to  the  articles  '  (p.  103) 
and  from  other  references,  that  the  so-called  treaty,  in  spite 
of  its  confirmation  by  the  Mogul,  had  not  (as  was  at  first  hoped) 
established  the  English  position  on  a  secure  basis.  The  second 
point  is  that  the  founding,  or  at  least  the  maintenance,  of 
an  English  factory  at  Surat  was  due  quite  as  much  to  Thomas 
Aldworthe  as  to  Captain  Best,  though  to  the  latter  is  generally 
awarded  the  whole  credit.  In  the  preceding  volume  (p.  301) 
William  Biddulph  bore  testimony  that  '  the  greatest  cause 
and  means  of  our  settling  here  was  Mr.  Aldworthe,  for 
our  General  [Best]  would  have  been  gone  three  or  four  times 
and  left  this  place  ....  but  Mr.  Aldworthe  stood  out 
with  him  and  would  not  go  aboard ' ;  and  now  we  find  Keridge 
equally  emphatic  (p.  157) :  '  had  not  Mr.  Aldworthe  directly 
refused  to  follow  his  [Best's]  will,  we  had  left  this  place  and 
trade.'  Best,  however,  had  the  opportunity  of  telling  his  story 
first  and  of  '  attributing  all  good  services  to  be  done  by  himself 
(p.  157)  ;  and  consequently  less  than  justice  has  hitherto  been 
done  to  the  energy  and  persistence  of  the  first  English  agent 
in  Western  India. 

The  documents  relating  to  the  factory  in  Japan  need  not 
detain  us  long.  The  principal  events  of  the  period  were  Saris's 
departure  for  England,  recorded  in  the  first  two  documents  (which 
really  belong  to  the  group  of  letters  from  Firando  with  which  the 
previous  volume  concludes) :  a  trading  journey  to  Jeddo  early  in 
1614,  which  met  with  scant  success :  and  two  ventures  to  Cochin 
China  and  Siam  in  country  junks.  The  former  of  these  two 
voyages  was  disastrous,  for  both  of  the  factors  lost  their  lives 
and  the  junk  was  cast  away;  the  latter  was  likewise  unsuccessful, 


xxii  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

though  the  last  we  hear  of  it  in  the  present  volume  (No.  216) 
is  that  the  junk  has  been  forced  by  a  storm  (of  which  a  lively 
description  is  given)  to  put  into  one  of  the  Liu-Kiu  Islands. 
As  regards  outside  events,  mention  is  made  (p.  20)  of  the 
proscription  of  tobacco,  and  (pp.  201,  221)  of  rumours  of  wars 
between  the  Emperor  (as  Cocks  calls  the  Shogun)  and  the  son 
of  his  predecessor ;  we  also  hear  of  the  persecution  of  Christians 
and  the  banishment  of  '  papist  Jesuits,  friars,  and  priests ' 
(p.  19),  '  so  as  now  there  is  no  more  Christians  of  Japan- 
ners  in  these  parts '  (p.  20).  An  amusing  incident  of  this 
outbreak  of  hatred  against  the  new  religion  was  the  objection 
raised  (pp.  21,  52)  to  the  display  (on  Sundays,  '  as  our  custom 
is')  of  the  English  flag  on  the  factory  at  Firando.  The 
St.  George's  cross  on  the  national  emblem  was  an  offence,  and 
1  down  it  must,'  in  spite  of  the  protests  of  the  agent. 

Cocks  himself,  the  head  of  the  factory  during  the  ten  years 
in  which  the  English  vainly  strove  to  establish  themselves  in 
Japan,  is  already  a  familiar  figure,  and  these  letters  add 
little  to  the  portrait  drawn  in  his  Diary,  edited  by  Sir  E. 
Maunde  Thompson  for  the  Hakluyt  Society  in  1883.  Easy- 
going and  unpractical,  he  was  a  singularly  inefficient  head 
for  a  factory  where  the  strenuous  competition  of  the  Dutch 
and  many  other  difficulties  had  to  be  encountered.  The  will-o'- 
the-wisp  idea  of  opening  up  trade  with  China  from  Japan  was 
ever  in  his  mind ;  and  he  somewhat  prematurely  bespeaks 
(p.  199)  the  credit  of  pursuing  it  to  a  successful  issue.  Still 
his  letters  contain  many  interesting  passages,  such  as,  for 
example,  his  account  of  Corea  (p.  201)  and  his  description  of 
the  sailing  waggons  used  there,  which  recalls  a  well-known 
passage  in  Paradise  Lost. 

A  special  characteristic  of  this  group  of  letters  is  that  most 
of  them  are  familiar  epistles  from  one  factor  to  another, 
and  so  afford  many  glimpses  of  domestic  life  not  to  be 
found  in  documents  of  a  more  formal  order.  Such  are  the 
notes   from   Cocks   to  Wickham,  requesting   the  return   of  the 


INTRODUCTION  xxiii 

buckets  in  which  some  live  fresh-water  fish  have  been  sent  for 
his  consumption  and  expressing  a  wish  that  Wickham  could 
be  with  him  to  see  the  soldiers  mustered,  '  and  eat  your  part 
of  a  neat's  tongue  to  dinner ' :  the  notice  (p.  23)  of  the  purchase 
by  Cocks  of  a  slave  wench,  at  a  cost  of  three  taels  (15s.),  '  for 
which  she  must  serve  five  years  and  then  repay  back  the  three 
taels,  or  some  friend  for  her,  or  else  remain  a  perpetual  captive  '  : 
and  especially  the  extraordinary  document  numbered  155A. 

Bantam,  the  oldest  and  for  a  long  time  the  most  important 
station  of  the  English  in  the  East,  is  represented  in  the  present 
volume  by  comparatively  few  documents  ;  and  half  of  these  are 
of  about  the  same  date,  being,  in  fact,  a  bundle  of  letters  sent 
home  by  one  ship,  the  Globe.  It  is  not  difficult,  however,  to 
trace  the  main  course  of  events.  In  January,  1614,  Jourdain, 
the  recently  appointed  agent,  writes  that  the  goods  have  been 
collected  into  one  warehouse  and  that  similarly  the  factors, 
who  up  to  that  time  had  been  keeping  separate  establish- 
ments for  the  different  '  Voyages,'  are  now  '  all  in  one  house 
at  bed  and  board.'  From  a  later  letter  we  learn  that  they 
have  commenced  to  build  their  new  factory  on  the  site 
granted  to  them,  '  a  place  very  convenient  and  near  the  river,' 
but  have  been  stopped  by  the  Pengran's  unreasonable  behaviour 
(p.  276).  On  the  8th  September,  1614,  arrived  the  Concord 
from  England,  bringing,  no  doubt,  the  important  news  of  the 
formation  of  what  afterwards  came  to  be  known  as  the  '  First  Joint 
Stock.'  The  system  of  opening  a  separate  subscription  for  each 
voyage,  and  of  sending  out  factors  whose  sole  concern  was  to 
provide  cargoes  for  those  particular  ships,  led  not  only  to  a  great 
waste  of  energy  and  complication  of  accounts,  but  to  a  competition, 
and  sometimes  an  antagonism,  which  was  very  prejudicial  to  the 
general  interests  of  the  trade.  Moreover,  as  the  rivalry  of  the 
Dutch  in  every  Eastern  market  made  itself  felt  more  and  more 
each  year,  it  became  evident  that  the  only  means  of  enabling  the 
English  to  hold  their  own  was  to  make  a  sustained  effort  backed 
by  increased  resources.      A   sum   of  429,000^  was    accordingly 


xxiv  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

subscribed,  which  was  to  be  employed  in  setting  forth  four 
fleets,  one  in  each  of  the  next  four  years.  The  Court  Minutes 
for  1610-13  and  the  letters  to  Bantam  are  no  longer  extant ; 
and  therefore  the  details  of  this  transaction  and  the  resulting 
instructions  sent  out  to  Jourdain  and  his  fellow  factors 
cannot  be  known  with  certainty.  We  may,  however,  infer 
that  they  included  orders  for  opening  up  commerce  with  the 
Moluccas ;  and  Jourdain,  who  had  already  declared  (p.  16) 
that  this  trade  afforded  the  only  chance  of  making  Bantam  a 
place  of  profit,  entered  heartily  into  the  project.  The  Concord 
was  prepared  and  despatched  in  January,  1615,  to  Macassar, 
with  orders  to  proceed  thence  to  Amboyna  and  Banda ;  and, 
upon  the  arrival  at  Bantam,  a  fortnight  later,  of  Captain 
David  Middleton's  fleet,  the  Thomasine  was  ordered  to  follow 
the  Concord.  This  was  an  important  step  forward  in  the 
rivalry  between  the  English  and  the  Dutch,  as  the  latter  claimed 
an  exclusive  right  to  trade  in  those  regions,  based  upon  treaties 
concluded  with  the  native  chiefs.  Jourdain  attached  little 
importance  to  their  hostility  ;  '  as  for  the  Hollanders  '  (he  said) 
1  I  know  they  will  do  you  no  harm,  only  threaten  you  and  the 
country  people'  (p.  309).  But  he  was  mistaken;  to  pass  a 
little  beyond  our  present  limits,  both  vessels  '  were  beaten  from 
the  Moluccas  by  the  Flemings '  (O.  C.  289),  and  the  attempt 
thus  inaugurated  to  assert  the  English  right  to  trade  in  the 
Moluccas  led  in  time  to  the  fight  off  Patani  in  July,  1619,  in 
which  Jourdain  himself  was  killed,  and  so  on  to  the  Massacre 
of  Amboyna  (1623)  with  its  momentous  consequences. 

Besides  these  three  fixed  points  of  Bantam,  Surat  and  Firando, 
we  hear  of  other  factories  of  a  more  or  less  temporary  character 
at  Masulipatam,  Siam,  Patani,  Priaman,  Tiku,  Sukadana,  Sambas, 
Macassar,  and  other  places.  Many  of  these  were  in  connection 
with  the  ships  of  the  Separate  Voyages  still  left  in  Indian  waters. 
Thus  the  Darling  of  the  Sixth  Voyage  was  still  plying  from  port 
to  port,  though  her  crazy  timbers  were  '  complaining  sore '  (p.  38). 
The  James  (Ninth  Voyage),  with  her  drunken  and  domineering 


INTRODUCTION  xxv 

captain,  is  found  first  at  Masulipatam,  next  at  Bantam,  then  at 
Patani,  and  finally  at  Bantam  again,  whence  in  January,  1615, 
she  spreads  her  sails  for  home.  The  Osiander  of  the  Tenth  Voyage 
is  chiefly  engaged  in  opening  up  trade  at  Tiku,  in  Sumatra,  but  as 
the  volume  closes  she  is  ordered  to  proceed  to  Japan.  Finally,  the 
Globe  (Seventh  Voyage)  spends  the  greater  part  of  the  period  on 
the  Coromandel  Coast,  returning  to  Bantam  at  the  close  of  1614, 
and  sailing  for  home  in  the  following  February.  One  curious 
incident  of  her  stay  at  Masulipatam  may  be  noted.  The 
Governor  was  one  of  those  local  tyrants  whose  unscrupulous 
exactions  made  'poor  men  bring  their  paintings  [patterned 
calicoes]  in  hugger-mugger  and  in  the  night,  as  thieves  do  their 
stolen  cloaks  to  brokers '  (p.  85)  ;  and  he  had  contracted  a  heavy 
debt  to  the  English  which  he  had  no  intention  of  paying.  He 
was,  however,  soon  brought  to  reason,  for  Floris  seized  his  son, 
carried  him  on  board,  and  kept  him  there  till  payment  was  made 
•  in  spite  of  1,000  of  his  people,  to  the  Company's  benefit,  the 
honour  of  our  king  and  country,  and  to  the  great  content  of 
all  the  Moors  '  (p.  294). 

Of  references  to  other  matters  of  interest  the  book  is  full. 
Valuable  information  is  afforded  with  regard  to  the  course  of 
trade,  not  only  that  of  the  English  and  Dutch  but  also  that 
carried  on  by  native  vessels,  such  as  the  export  of  tin  from 
Tenasserim  to  the  Coromandel  coast  (p.  86),  of  Chinese  silks  to 
Patani  (p.  271)  and  Bantam  (pp.  118,  315),  of  calicoes,  rice  and 
gold  to  the  Moluccas  (pp.  33,  273).  Many  useful  particulars  are 
given  to  as  to  the  coins,  weights,  and  measures  in  use  in  various 
localities.  The  dangers  and  difficulties  of  a  factor's  life  are  abun- 
dantly illustrated,  especially  in  the  accounts  given  of  the  attacks 
on  the  English  factory  at  Tiku  (p.  288),  the  march  of  Edwards' 
party  to  Ahmedabad  (p.  260),  and  the  adventurous  voyages  of 
Sophony  Cozucke  up  the  Landak  river  (pp.  92,  93).  The 
destruction  by  fire  of  the  Trades  Increase,  '  the  goodliest  ship 
of  England    and    never  made   voyage  before,'1  is    described   on 

4  Chamberlain's  letter  to  Dudley  Carleton,  Dom.  S,  P.,  Jac.  I.,   Vol.  LXXVII,  No.  36. 
Y  1268.  b 


xxvi  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

p.  279  ;  and  on  p.  325  David  Middleton  utters  his  lamentation 
over  her  commander,  his  brother  Sir  Henry.  Opium  is  twice 
mentioned :  the  Surat  factors  in  October,  1614,  determine  to 
buy  two  tons  at  fifty  pounds  per  ton  (which  seems  both  a 
large  quantity  and  a  low  price)  ;  and  in  the  same  month  a 
factor  writing  from  Patani  tells  how  the  Masulipatam  bleacher 
'  to  get  affanan  [opium] '  hires  out  for  a  month's  wear  the  calicoes 
entrusted  to  him  and  then  '  beats  them  to  pieces  to  make  them 
clean  '  (p.  127).  Finally,  one  may  notice  an  early  specimen  of 
'  Hobson-Jobson '  in  the  word  'erzed,'  which  occurs  on  pp.  178  and 
179,  and  should  probably  be  read  for  '  urged '  on  p.  157  (line  32). 
It  is,  of  course,  the  Hindustani  arzi  (a  petition)  turned  into  an 
English  preterite. 

As  in  the  case  of  the  preceding  volume,  the  necessary 
transcripts  have  been  made  by  Miss  Ethel  Sainsbury,  daughter 
of  the  late  Mr.  W.  Noel  Sainsbury,  in  whose  Calendar  of  State 
Papers  (E.  Indies)  this  important  series  of  records  was  first 
made  known  to  historical  students ;  and  the  index  has  been 
compiled  by  Miss  M.  H.  James.  An  independent  comparison 
of  each  transcript  with  its  original  has  been  made,  and  the 
whole  work  has  been  executed  under  the  direction  of  the  Record 
Department  of  the  India  Office. 


THE 


'ORIGINAL    CORRESPONDENCE' 


SECTION    OF    THE 


EAST    INDIA    COMPANY'S 
RECORDS 

VOL.   II. 


124 

Tempest  Peacocke  to  the  East  India  Company. 
2nd  December,  1613. 

'IGHT  Worshipful,  my  duty  remembered  unto  you,  etc. 
My  last  was  from  Bantam  per  the  Thomas,  men- 
tioning a  former  from  Cape  Bon  Esperanza.  In  my  last 
I  certified  you  of  312,154!-  catties  pepper  laden  in  the 
Thomas  at  Priaman,  which  cost  with  charges  6685  rials  f  ^  as  per 
the  account  thereof  now  sent  you  per  the  General  at  large 
particularly  appeareth,  which  then  time  permitted  me  not  to  send. 
Since  which  departing  from  Bantam  the  15th  of  January  and 
arrived  at  the  town  of  Bachan  the  24th  of  February,  in  the 
Molluccoes,  where  the  Flemings  have  a  fort  furnished  with  eleven 
pieces  of  ordnance,  where  we  had  no  trade,  by  reason  that  the 
Flemings  bear  such  sway  there  ;  the  people,  as  we  judge,  willing 
thereunto  and  divers  of  the  Flemings  would  willingly  have 
forsook  their  fort  and  proceeded  with  us.  Having  stayed  there 
15  days  and  finding  no  trade  but  encouraged  by  a  chief  man 
of  the  Island  of  Machan  of  some  part  of  our  lading  in  cloves  at 
Y  126S.    I.  815.  B 


■«'•'  ''-'.'•  :  '•.         KA'7     IX D.I  A    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

the  aforesaid  Island  of  Machian,  which  Island  at  Sir  Henry 
Middleton  his  being  here,  was  offered,  and  the  inhabitants 
expected  his  return  for  three  years,  which  expired  they  perforce 
were  constrained  to  yield  to  the  Flemings.  Presently  upon  our 
coming  to  anchor,  which  was  the  17th  of  March,  the  people 
brought  cloves  aboard,  selling  them  at  60  rials  the  bahar,  taking 
our  Cambaja  cloth  at  good  profit.  At  first  we  had  good  hopes  of 
getting  some  good  quantity  of  cloves  and  vent  good  store  of  cloth, 
but  in  the  chief  of  our  trade  the  Flemings  sent  a  great  ship  from 
Marieco  to  hinder  our  proceedings,  who  so  threatened  the  people 
of  that  Island  with  the  fear  of  punishment,  and  punishing  some, 
that  none  durst  bring  us  a  clove,  yet  in  the  night  time  some 
would  adventure  aboard  us.  In  the  end  there  came  another  ship 
which  cut  off  all  our  hopes  either  by  night  or  day  ;  insomuch  that 
they  would  not  suffer  any  provision  of  victuals  to  be  brought 
aboard  us.  The  shore  they  fortified  with  men  in  arms  night  and 
day  so  that  except  we  had  gone  together  by  the  ears  there  was 
no  hope  for  us  of  any  good.  I  am  verily  persuaded  that  had  we 
not  been  hindered  by  them  we  had  both  procured  some  quantity 
of  cloves  and  vented  much  of  our  Cambaya  cloth,  which  in- 
supportable injuries  I  hope  your  Worships  will  neither  endure  nor 
put  up,  whereby  such  evident  damage  doth  proceed.  The  people  of 
this  place  have  promised  not  to  suffer  them  to  build  any  more  forts 
upon  the  Island  for  [there]  is  but  this  one  place  called  Tahanna, 
free  from  under  their  forts  whereat  [  ]  ride.     Seeing 

ourselves  thus  crossed  our  General  determined  to  go  for  Tidore, 
to  try  what  might  be  done  with  the  Spaniards.  So  the  first  of 
April  we  set  [sail]  from  this  Island,  and  being  under  sail  some  few 
boats  came  off  to  us  with  some  small  parcels  of  cloves,  promising 
more ;  but  going  ashore  were  by  the  Flemings  snatched  up,  that 
they  could  not  return.  The  8th  we  were  thwart  of  Tidore,  and 
being  near  the  Spanish  fort,  after  some  shot  past  at  us,  answering 
them  without  any  shot,  they  sent  a  boat  and  flag  of  truce  aboard 
us,  to  know  what  we  were,  and  having  understood  our  intent  of 
trade,  offering  them  both  munition  and  victuals,  they  seemed  glad 
thereof.  Staying  there  the  space  of  five  days  expecting  their 
answer,  in  the  end  the  Governor  of  Ternate  desired  our  General  to 
come  thither,  and  there  he  would,  having  taken  the  advice  of  his 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  3 

council,  at  our  coining  before  the  town,  send  such  of  his  principal 
men  aboard  as  should  accord  for  such  things  as  he  wanted. 
Hereupon  the  13th  ditto  we  set  sail  thither  expecting  the  coming 
of  some  of  his  chief  followers  aboard,  according  as  he  sent  word 
he  would.  One  he  sent  who  seemed  to  be  but  a  common  man  ; 
supposed  that  they  meant  nothing  less  than  [trading  ?]  with  us  ; 
so  that  we  came  not  to  an  anchor,  but  proceeded  on  our  voyage 
for  Japan.  But  seeing  the  wind  contrary  we  were  forced  to  seek 
out  a  place  to  ride  in,  and  the  23th  ditto  came  to  an  anchor  at  the 
unfortunate  Island  of  Doy,  where  we  tarried  till  the  nth  of  May. 
Unfortunate  it  may  be  called  for  there  we  lost  unfortunately  three 
men,  Mr.  Crawly,  the  carpenter's  mate,  drowned,  and  Meridith 
by  the  fall  of  a  tree.  From  thence  we  set  sail  the  nth  of  May 
towards  Japan,  where  we  arrived  the  12th  of  June  ;  where  we  found 
the  people  of  that  place  very  glad  of  our  coming.  As  soon  as  we 
were  arrived  our  General  despatched  letters  to  the  court  to 
Mr.  Adams,  advising  him  of  our  arrival  and  that  we  expected 
him  with  the  first.  We  stayed  his  coming  the  space  of  48  days, 
he  arriving  the  29th  July  :  after  whose  coming  we  made  no  long 
stay  at  Ferando,  but  with  all  expedition  fitted  ourselves  for  the 
voyage  up  to  the  Emperor's  court  ;  unto  whom  your  present  was 
delivered  and  we  obtained  all  such  privileges  as  we  desired. 
Three  months  we  were  upon  our  journey,  being  both  costly  and 
tedious.  As  touching  the  hope  of  any  benefit  here  which  may 
answer  your  expectations,  I  have  small  hopes  of  this  place.  What 
benefit  may  be  made  from  Siam  and  Pottany  (Patani)  as  yet  I 
know  not,  but  there  is  good  hope  that  from  these  two  places  afore- 
said good  benefit  may  be  had.  As  for  our  English  commodities 
here,  it  will  not  yield  cent,  per  cent,  all  things  considered,  and 
small  vent  thereof  for  what  I  can  perceive,  yet  our  hopes  is  good. 
Since  our  coming  hither  the  Flemings  have  sold  broad  cloth  at 
130  mass,  which  formerly  they  sold  at  240  and  230  mass  the 
matt,  which  is  about  two  yards ;  our  cloth  much  inferior  to 
what  I  have  seen  of  theirs,  being  very  much  wormeaten  (which 
proceeded  from  the  ill  drying  and  dressing  thereof)  which  will  be 
a  great  hindrance  in  the  sale,  neither  can  I  see  how  you  should 
prevent  it,  except  in  taking  that  course  the  Flemings  take  in 
enbaling  their  cloth  in  lead   as  our  General  can  inform  you.     I 

b  2 


4  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

wish  your  Worships  may  find  such  profit  in  this  place  as  you 
have  and  do  expect,  and  for  my  own  part  I  will  endeavour  what 
in  me  lieth  to  procure  the  same.  I  would  it  might  stand 
with  your  Worships'  good  liking  to  give  order  that  we  might 
receive  our  wages  in  this  place,  for  what  is  allowed  us  by  our 
General  towards  our  maintenance  is  so  small  that  it  will  hardly 
maintain  me  in  apparel ;  besides  to  live  in  this  place  is  very 
chargeable  and  to  receive  no  more  but  what  will  here  defray 
charges  will  make  us  return  home  with  empty  purses.  I  hope 
your  Worships  will  consider  hereon,  and  take  such  course  therein 
that  at  the  end  of  our  seven  years'  service  we  may  have  cause  to 
think  our  time  well  spent.  Thus,  craving  pardon  for  my  bold- 
ness and  what  herein  is  amiss  you  will  censure  the  best  thereof, 
I  humbly  take  my  leave,  resting 

Yours  in  all  service, 
Ferando  in  Japan,  Tempest  Pcacocke. 

December  the  second,  1613. 

P.S. — At  my  return  hither  from  the  court,  being  the  6th  of 
November,  it  pleased  God  to  visit  me  with  sickness,  insomuch 
that  as  yet  not  being  recovered  thereof  I  was  constrained  to 
desire  help  of  another  in  the  writing  hereof;  therefore  what 
wanteth  herein  [which  ?]  your  Worships  may  expect  to  hear  from 
me,  I  desire  may  be  imputed  to  the  weakness  of  body  and  not  to 
the  want  of  a  willing  mind. 


125 

Captain  Saris'  remembrance  left  with  Rich.  Cocks  at  Japan, 
December  1613. 

OVING  friend  Mr.  Richard  Cocks,  the  long-wished-for 
time  of  my  departure  being  come,  and  desirous  of 
your  good  success  in  this  business,  committed  wholly 
to  your  charge  and  good  government,  the  Company 
worthily  appointing  you  captain  and  cape  merchant  of  their 
factory  here  in  Japan,  I  thought  it  not  amiss  to  leave  you  these 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  5 

few  lines  as  remembrance  of  such  principles  as  they  decreed  of  in 
England,  as  also  what,  by  experience,  I  find  fitting  and  likely  to 
be  beneficial  for  them,  having  no  doubt  but  you  will  not  only 
kindly  accept  hereof,  but  also  willingly  observe  what  hereafter 
follows.  The  first  is  the  present  buying  and  fitting  of  a  junk  for 
Siam  and  Pottannye  with  such  quantity  of  broad  cloth,  cloth  of 
Cambaia,  elephants'  teeth  and  rials  as  hath  been  conferred  upon, 
and  that  all  diligence  possible  may  be  used  to  get  thither  by  the 
fine  of  February,  for  about  that  time  the  China  junks  will  be 
there  and  trading  with  them  is  the  greatest  hope  of  benefit  :  for 
their  commodities  are  to  be  bought  reasonable  which  here  will 
yield  great  profit.  Give  order  if  the  junk  come  thither  before  them 
that  she  be  dispatched  for  Pottannye,  if  the  time  will  permit,  I 
mean  the  monsoon  to  carry  her  thither,  to  procure  such  China 
wares  as  may  there  be  had  and  to  return  to  Syam  time  enough  to 
take  in  such  lading  as  in  their  absence  hath  been  provided ;  and, 
finding  not  sufficient  to  lade  her,  to  take  freight  and  passengers, 
which  will  produce  much  profit.  But  I  hope  there  will  be  pro- 
cured silk,  skins,  and  Brazil  wood  sufficient  to  lade  her.  I  leave 
with  you  six  English  besides  yourself  and  Mr.  Adams,  viz. 
Mr.  Peacocke,  Mr.  Wickham,  William  Eaton,  Walter  Carwarden, 
Edward  Saris,  and  William  Nealson,  so  that  the  whole  number 
is  eight  persons.  It  is  necessary  that  you  disperse  them  for  the 
better  understanding  what  benefit  is  to  be  made  in  these  parts 
by  sale  of  our  commodities,  or  transport  of  such  of  theirs  as 
may  be  found  fitting  [for]  England.  I  think  Mr.  Peacocke  and 
Walter  Carwarden  are  the  fittest  to  be  employed  in  the  junk  for 
Siam  and  Pottany,  for  the  one  is  well  experienced  in  merchandis- 
ing, the  other  in  the  knowledge  of  gold  and  silver,  whereof  may 
be  great  use.  Mr.  Wickham  and  Wm.  Eaton  to  Soronga 
(Surunga)  and  Ozacka  (Osaka),  with  each  of  them  a  cargazon  and 
juribasso  which  will  be  sufficient,  and  by  advice  of  sales  so  to 
shift  places,  or  continue  as  you  shall  see  fitting.  Edward  Saris 
with  [  ]  cargazon  of   pepper  and  such  com- 

modities as  you  shall  understand  fitting  for  Tushma,  with  order 
to  inquire  what  commerce  may  be  had  with  the  people  of  Core 
(Korea).  Wm.  Nealson  to  keep  the  buttery,  post  your  books  ; 
and  what  other  necessaries    you  see  fitting,    may   be  employed. 


6  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

Frugality  is  to  be  used,  the  place  requiring  great  charge  and  our 
knowledge  as  yet  producing  little  profit.  The  course  the  Flemings 
hold  here  touching  their  expenses  both  at  home  and  abroad  you 
have  heard  of,  yet  will  I  not  prescribe  you  any  course  herein, 
knowing  that  your  care  hath  been  and  will  be  what  in  you  lies  for 
the  Company's  benefit.  It  hath  not  been  a  little  discontent  unto 
me  to  hear  Mr.  Peacocke,  but  especially  Mr.  Wickham,  complain 
of  their  poverty  and  small  entertainment  the  Company  had  given 
them,  desiring  some  allowance  of  me,  which  I  have  refused  in 
respect  the  Company  hath  been  heretofore  much  displeased  with 
others  in  my  place  for  amending  the  wages  of  such  as  they  had 
formerly  made  agreement  with.  Yet  finding  by  experience  the 
chargeableness  of  the  place  and  the  occasion  each  man  employed 
here  shall  have  to  use  his  wages,  contrary  to  their  expectations, 
their  order  being  to  pay  them  but  one  third  of  their  wages  at  5s. 
per  rial  of  eight,  which  will  not  pass  here  for  4s.  or  8  mass,  I  will 
that  you  pay  them  the  one  half  of  their  wages  in  the  coin  of 
the  country,  the  same  course  to  continue  till  further  order  from 
the  Company,  unto  whom,  if  it  please  God  to  lend  me  life,  I  will 
do  my  best  that  a  larger  allowance  may  be  appointed.  And  for 
Mr.  Adams  he  is  only  fitting  to  be  master  of  the  junk,  and  to  be 
used  as  linguist  at  court,  when  you  have  no  employment  for  him 
at  sea.  It  is  necessary  you  stir  him,  his  condition  being  well 
known  unto  you  as  to  myself,  otherwise  you  shall  have  little  ser- 
vice of  him,  the  country  affording  great  liberty,  whereunto  he  is 
much  affected.  The  forced  agreement  I  have  made  with  him,  as 
you  know,  could  not  be  eschewed,  the  Flemings  and  Spaniards 
making  false  proffers  of  great  entertainment,  and  himself  more 
affected  to  them  than  his  own  nation,  we  wholly  [destitute  ?]  of 
language.  In  any  hand  let  him  not  have  the  disbursing  of  any 
money  of  the  Company's,  either  for  [the]  junk  or  otherwise,  for  his 
usual  speeches  is  so  large  and  his  resolution  so  set  upon  getting 
as  I  entreat  you  he  may  have  always  one  with  him  to  pay 
out  and  to  write  the  particulars  of  what  is  disbursed  in  all  such 
matters  as  you  shall  employ  him  in.  You  shall  not  need  to  send 
for  any  further  order  to  the  Emperor  for  the  setting  out  of  the 
junk,  it  being  an  article  granted  in  the  charter,  as  by  the  copy 
thereof  in  English  left  with  you  will  appear.     Yet  will  Mr.  Adams 


EAST  IXDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  7 

tell  you  that  she  cannot  depart  without  a  licence,  which  will  not 
be  granted  except  he  go  up.  Believe  him  not,  neither  neglect 
that  business ;  for  his  wish  is  but  to  have  the  Company  bear  his 
charges  to  his  wife.  Yet  rather  than  he  shall  leave  you  and  be- 
take him  to  the  Spaniards  or  Flemings,  you  must  make  a  virtue 
of  a  necessity  and  let  him  go,  leaving  his  brother-in-law  to  follow 
the  business.  Give  him  order  to  receive  the  king's  debt  and 
finish  accounts  with  him  at  return.  I  leave  with  you  4  chests 
of  rials,  each  chest  containing  eight  bags,  each  bag  500  rials, 
which  is  16,000  rials.  It  is  more  than  I  could  well  have  spared 
being  doubtful  how  matters  stand  at  Bantam,  if  the  Flemings 
have  prevailed  against  the  Javans,  the  ship  unladen  and  but  two 
chests  [ofj  rials  in  her.  Hold  good  correspondency  with  the 
king  and  nobles  of  this  place.  Be  not  too  bountiful  but  observe 
this  decorum,  rather  pleasure  them  often  with  small  matters  than 
seldom  with  things  of  worth.  For  [you  are  ?]  not  ignorant  that 
they  crave  much  but  give  little.  Use  the  Flemings  kindly,  and 
if  you  can  pleasure  them,  do ;  but  in  matters  of  merchandise  let 
them  pay  what  the  country  people  will  give  you  for  anything  they 
shall  desire.  I  leave  with  you  the  Emperor's  privileges  for  trade, 
a  blank  of  his  Majesty's,  and  the  Emperor's  command  for  a  junk 
to  carry  up  such  goods  to  Edo  (Jeddo)  or  those  parts  as  you 
shall  think  fitting.  The  blank,  if  you  see  any  good  to  be  done  in 
Corea,  you  may  send  thither  with  such  presents  as  you  shall 
think  fitting  to  procure  trade.  I  pray  make  as  few  debts  as  you 
can  and  trust  not  Simma  Dono  further,  for  he  is  held  a  bad  pay- 
master. You  are  to  remember  the  great  charge  this  Eighth 
Voyage  hath  disbursed  for  the  obtaining  of  these  privileges,  so  that 
the  hereafter  voyages  that  shall  make  use  thereof  are  to  con- 
tribute to  the  charge.  If  the  commander  of  the  next  ship  shall 
not  be  willing  to  leave  the  ordering  of  his  business  in  your  discre- 
tion contest  not  with  him,  but  such  use  as  he  shall  make  of  the 
house  let  him  contribute  as  shall  seem  reasonable.  Hold  not 
your  commodities  at  too  high  a  rate,  for  so  the  Flemings  will 
spoil  your  market ;  but  get  what  money  you  can  into  your  hands. 
Make  away  your  broad  cloth  be  it  at  130  mass  the  matt,  for  the 
Flemings  hath  great  store  which  he  seeks  to  make  away  albeit  for 
the  money  it  cost ;  and  ours  is  very  evil  conditioned.     What  the 


g'  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

cargazon  of  goods  and  money  left  with  you  amounts  unto  I  can- 
not say,  for  that  the  invoice  is  not  summed,  yet  am  I  assured  it  is 
sufficient  for  trial  what  may  be  done  in  these  parts.  And  for  that 
the  wages  of  Wm.  Eaton,  Walter  Carwarden,  and  Edward 
Saris  is  so  small  that  the  one  half  paid  them  here  will  not  find 
them  apparel  with  other  necessaries  needful,  wherefore  there  is 
consideration  to  be  had  of  them,  and  to  pay  them  more  than  the 
half  if  their  need  require.  And  for  Mr.  Wickham,  who  saith  that 
he  is  not  the  Company's  servant,  his  time  now  out,  and  peremp- 
torily saith  he  will  not  serve  them  under  fourscore  pound  the 
year,  which  I  refuse  to  give  him,  the  Company's  express  order 
being  to  make  the  factors'  wages  themselves,  who  if  I  could  per- 
suade him  no  doubt  will,  as  he  shall  deserve,  be  more  bountiful 
unto  him  than  myself  can,  yet  to  be  free  of  the  exceeding  and 
intolerable  trouble  I  have  daily  with  him  I  have  offered  to  double 
his  former  entertainment,  which  was  20/.  per  year,  and  to  make 
it  40/.  per  annum  till  further  advice  out  of  England,  which  albeit 
he  unthankfully  hath  refused  in  your  hearing  protesting  to  allow 
himself  wages  out  of  such  goods  as  you  shall  deliver  him  to  make 
sale  of  for  the  Company,  which  I  desire  you  carefully  to  prevent, 
for  the  Company  and  myself,  their  unworthy  substitute  in  this 
place,  will  that  no  man  under  your  command  be  his  own  carver 
in  any  such  fashion,  referring  the  prevention  thereof  to  your  care- 
ful discretion,  and  notwithstanding  his  absurdity  I  will  that  you 
pay  unto  him  here  20/.  per  year,  which  is  the  one  half  of  what  hath 
been  offered,  and  he  refuseth.  But  [if]  at  [the]  coming  of  the  first 
ship  [he]  will  return,  as  he  protesteth,  you  may  let  him  go, 
advising  the  Company  as  per  occasion.  And  for  that  we  are  all 
mortal  I  will  that  if  it  shall  please  God  to  take  you  out  of  this 
life,  Mr.  Richard  Cocks,  I  would  have  you  give  your  place  to 
Mr.  Peacocke,  and  if  Mr.  Peacocke  die  then  to  Mr.  Wickham,  if 
apparent  disorder  in  him  enforce  not  the  contrary  ;  and  he  dying 
then  to  Mr.  Eaton  ;  if  he  die  then  to  Walter  Carwarden  ;  if  he 
die  then  to  Edward  Saris.  I  pray  be  careful  to  leave  your 
business  in  the  amplest  manner  you  can.  And  thus  referring  all 
what  is  here  said  or  by  haste  omitted  to  the  government  of 
your  good  discretion,  whereof  I  have  had  good  experience, 
to   the   Company's   profit,    desiring  you    all    to   live    and   agree 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  g 

together  I   leave,  praying  God  to  bless  you  and  us  in  all  our 
proceedings, 

Your  loving  friend, 

as  I  acknowledge  to  have  good  occasion, 

J.  Saris. 
The  5th  December,  1613. 

Road  of  Ferando  in  Japan. 

I  pray  forget  me  not  in  your  love  to  Walter  Carwarden  and 
Edward  Saris,  whom  upon  my  life  you  shall  find  dutiful,  honest, 
and  true,  both  to  the  Company  and  yourself.     Vale. 


126 

Richard  Cocks  to  Captain  Adams  and  Rich.  Wickham,  in 
Edow  or  elsewhere,  the  24th  December,  1613. 

APTAIN  Adams  and  Mr.  Richard  Wickham,  when  shall 
please  God  to  send  you  to  Edow  or  Miaco  and  that 
you  have  received  money  for  such  goods  as  you  carry 
up,  either  of  the  Emperor,  or  any  other,  then  I  pray 
you  furnish  the  young  king  of  Firando,  Tome  Samme,  with  a 
thousand  taels,  or  what  he  stands  in  want  of,  in  taking  a  re- 
ceipt of  his  hand  for  the  repayment  thereof  in  Firando  at 
demand.  Thus  much  the  said  king  willed  me  to  write  in  this 
note  for  the  more  certainty  of  his  furnishing  there,  which  I  pray 
you  both  have  a  care  to  perform.  And  so  I  commit  you  to  God. 
From  the  English  house  at  Firando  in  Japan  the  24th  December, 
1613. 

Your  loving  friend, 

Ric.  Cocks. 

On  the  same  sheet  is  a  letter  in  Japanese  from  Cocks  to  Adams 
and  Wickham,  dated  Keicho,  iSth  year,  12th  month,  21st  day,  em- 
powering them  to  pay  to  Matsuura  Hizen  no  Kami  [i.e.,  the  Tome 
Samme  referred  to  above'],  against  his  bill  for  repayment  in  Firando, 


io  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

10,000  mass  of  silver  in  ready  money,  or  more  if  he  requires  it.  The 
prince  is  travelling  to  Edo,  and  wants  the  money  on  his  way  from 
Surugo  to  that  place.  Cocks  has  been  obliged  to  repeat  the  request  in 
Japanese  in  order  to  satisfy  the  prince.1 


127 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham. 
January  the  [         ] ,  1613.     Firando  in  Japan. 

.  WICKHAM,  it  being  generally  agreed  upon  (with 
your  own  consent)  that  you  make  a  voyage  for  Edow, 
Sherongo,  and  those  parts  of  Japan,  with  such  a 
cargazon  of  goods  and  merchandise  as  I  should  think 
fitting,  being  assisted  with  Captain  Wm.  Adams  for  the  better 
despatching  your  business  with  the  Emperor,  with  whom  you 
know  he  hath  good  entrance,  and  no  other  employment  for  him 
at  present ;  yet  those  matters  of  the  Emperor's  being  past,  I 
pray  you  detain  him  not  there,  but  will  him  to  make  as  much 
speed  as  he  can  back  for  Firando,  where  there  will  be  necessary 
use  of  him. 

And  being  arrived  in  those  parts  my  opinion  is  that  you  take 
up  your  lodging  in  the  best  merchant's  house  in  the  town  where 
you  may  have  a  gadonge  (godown)  fire-free  to  prevent  the  danger 
thereof,  which  is  not  unknown  unto  you  this  country  is  much 
subject  unto,  and  to  live  under  the  roof  of  a  natural  Japan  is  better 
than  to  be  in  the  house  of  any  stranger,  be  he  Dutch,  Spaniard, 
Portugal,  or  of  any  other  nation  whatsoever ;  and  the  better  man's 
house  you  lie  at,  the  more  credit  it  will  be  for  you  and  the  more 
security  you  will  live  in  what  occasion  soever  happen.  I  myself 
speak  this  per  experience,  as  having  made  proof  thereof.  And 
have  an  especial  care  not  to  trust  any  man  with  the  Company's 
goods  without  making  ready  payment ;  for  I  am  informed  these 

1  Communicated  by  Dr.  Riess,  of  Tokio  University. 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  SI 

country  people  are  not  to  be  trusted,  neither  will  any  merchant 
of  account  seek  to  buy  upon  credit,  and  for  others,  they  are  to  be 
refused. 

And  in  my  opinion  it  will  be  your  best  course  to  make  choice 
of  some  one  man  in  those  parts  to  assist  you  in  making  choice 
and  receiving  of  your  monies,  a  thing  much  to  be  regarded  in 
these  parts  per  means  of  the  great  deceit  is  used  therein  ;  and 
no  doubt  you  may  procure  such  a  one  for  a  small  matter.  And 
make  much  of  friends  when  you  have  them,  and  use  these  country 
people  kindly  both  in  word  and  deed,  for  fair  words  will  do 
much  and  as  soon  are  spoken  as  foul,  and  always  good  will  come 
thereof ;  for  these  country  people  are  not  to  be  used  neither  with 
bad  words  nor  blows,  no,  not  so  much  as  servants  entertained  for 
necessary  uses ;  but  rather  put  them  away  if  they  be  not  to  your 
liking,  and  make  choice  of  others. 

And  to  use  any  speeches  to  persuade  you  from  gaming  I  think 
it  is  needless,  for  I  hold  you  no  gamester ;  yet  notwithstanding 
the  admonition  of  a  friend  is  not  to  be  rejected,  and  to  say  the 
truth,  many  inconveniences  happen  and  fall  out  per  means  of 
gaming,  although  it  be  but  to  pass  away  the  time  for  trifles ;  and 
therefore  it  is  not  amiss  to  forswear  gaming. 

It  is  good  to  use  both  Dutch,  Spaniards,  and  Portugals  kindly, 
as  also  all  other  strangers  ;  and  learn  from  them  what  you  can, 
but  make  them  not  partakers  of  your  secrets  or  pretences. 

And  for  sales  or  despatch  of  your  commodities  I  know  you  will 
use  your  best  endeavour  for  our  employers'  benefit ;  and  there- 
fore I  will  set  you  no  stinted  rate  or  price,  but  wish  you  to  sell 
away  as  time  shall  serve,  at  all  prices,  to  turn  all  into  ready 
money  before  any  other  shipping  come  out  of  England  that  it 
may  not  be  said  we  lie  still  and  do  nothing  but  eat  and  drink 
without  taking  care  for  anything.  I  hope  you  will  not  let  the 
Dutch  go  beyond  you  in  this  point. 

You  know  that  as  yet  we  have  not  sold  our  English  cloth  under 
8  taels  the  English  yard,  and  cloth  of  Cambaia  under  four  for  one 
profit ;  but  stand  you  not  upon  that  matter,  but  sell  away  both 
the  one  and  other  as  you  can,  as  also  gunpowder,  although  it  be 
under  20  taels  the  barrel,  which  is  a  low  price,  yet  you  must 
consider  it  is  a  dangerous  commodity  to  be  kept,  and  therefore 


12  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

make  despatch.  Once  use  your  best  endeavour  both  for  that  and 
the  rest,  as  aforesaid,  etc. 

And  for  the  two  parcels  of  commodities  left  in  the  custody  of 
Andreas  alias  Zendoque  Dono  of  Uringo  and  Quedoquea  Stibio 
Dono,  at  Edow  and  Sherongo,  you  are  to  take  account  of  it  as 
being  part  of  your  cargazon. 

And  if  Tome  Samme,  the  young  king  of  Firando,  come  unto  you 
with  a  note  or  remembrance  of  my  hand,  to  lend  him  one  thou- 
sand taels  or  more,  as  Captain  Adams  will  advise  you,  I  pray  you 
take  in  my  note  and  let  him  have  the  money,  in  giving  you  a  bill 
of  his  hand  to  repay  it  me  here  again  in  Firando  at  demand  ; 
which  Captain  Adams  tells  me  I  need  not  to  stand  in  doubt  of, 
for  that  the  Dutch  have  done  the  like  heretofore  and  have  re- 
ceived good  payment.  But  this  must  be  done  when  you  have 
received  money  of  the  Emperor. 

And  having  any  overplus  of  that  money  lying  by  you,  or  that 
is  received  for  any  other  commodity,  use  your  best  endeavour  to 
send  it  to  me  per  first  sure  conveyance  (which  I  think  will  be  per 
Captain  Adams)  that  it  may  not  be  dead,  but  be  employed  to  the 
Company's  use,  as  occasion  shall  be  offered. 

And  for  your  diet  or  such  as  shall  be  with  you,  I  will  not 
prescribe  you  any  rate,  because  I  am  unacquainted  with  the 
place,  but  leave  that  to  your  own  discretion,  not  doubting  but  you 
will  use  frugality,  etc. 

And  because  you  are  to  go  overland  from  Osekey  to  Shrongo 
in  company  of  Captain  Adams  about  the  Emperor's  business,  and 
that  it  is  fit  someone  of  trust  go  in  the  bark  with  the  rest  of  the 
goods  per  sea  for  that  place,  I  have  thought  good  to  send  John 
Phebe  with  it,  a  man  well  known  to  Captain  Adams,  whom  you 
may  entertain  there  as  the  Company's  servant  under  you  if  you 
find  him  capable  or  that  it  be  fitting. 

And  forget  not  to  write  me  per  all  conveyances  what  you  do, 
and  learn  out  what  you  can  touching  trade  into  any  place  we  yet 
know  not  of;  and  God  willing  you  shall  not  want  to  hear  from 
me  so  often  as  I  find  fit  conveyance.  And  it  is  good  you  write 
continually  to  Mr.  Eaton  for  Osekey  as  I  have  willed  him  to  do 
the  like  to  you  ;  for  so  may  we  from  time  to  time  understand  of 
each  other's  proceedings,  and  I  be  ready  to  supply  your  wants 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  13 

with  such  commodities  as  lie  by  me,  if  in  case  you  can  sell  them 
you  have  there.  And  for  a  juribasso,  if  he  which  promised  you 
come  from  Langasaque  (Nangasaki),  you  shall  have  him  with 
you,  otherwise  you  must  get  one  at  Edow  or  Shrongo,  and  in 
the  meantime  Captain  Adams  hath  promised  me  that  Andreas 
shall  help  you,  and  tells  me  that  you  cannot  want  to  find  one 
there  to  your  content. 

I  know  not  what  else  to  advise  you  of  for  present ;  but  if  any- 
thing come  to  my  remembrance  hereafter,  you  shall  understand 
thereof  per  first.  And  so  the  Lord  send  you  a  prosperous  voyage 
and  safely  to  return.     Amen. 

Your  loving  friend, 

Ric.  Cocks. 

The  cargazon  or  invoice  of  goods,  viz.  : 

[omitted] 
The  sum  total  of  the  whole  cargazon  amounts  to  748/.  06s.  old. 
The  numbers  and  poise  of  173  bags  of  pepper  as  followeth, 
viz. : 

[omitted] 

Summa  totalis  173  sacks  pepper  poise  8383  Catties  cost 
sterling  82L  17s.  Old. 

Mr.  Wickham,  I  pray  you  have  due  care  to  give  Captain 
Adams  content ;  which  you  may  easily  do,  if  you  use  him  with 
kind  speeches,  and  fall  not  into  terms  with  him  upon  any 
argument.  I  am  persuaded  I  could  live  with  him  seven  years 
before  any  extraordinary  speeches  should  happen  betwixt  us. 
And  the  necessary  use  we  have  of  him  is  as  well  known  to  you  as 
me.     I  hope  a  word  will  suffice  for  that  matter. 

Ric.  Cocks. 

The  poise  of  600  bars  of  lead  as  followeth  : 

[omitted] 

Summa  totalis  600  bars  of  lead  poise  16,083  lbs.  at  [  ]  per 
cn  cost  sterling  ml.  $s.  lod. 


14  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

128 

John  Jourdain  to  the  East  India  Company. 
Bantam  the  31st  day  of  January  anno  1613. 

IGHT  Worshipful,  per  the  Expedition,  who  departed 
from  hence  the  2nd  ditto,  I  wrote  at  large  of  what 
then  passed  and  of  the  lading  of  3972  sacks  of  pepper 
for  the  account  of  the  Sixth  Voyage,  amounting  unto 
the  sum  of  Sxy^bh1  rials  of  eight,  custom  and  all  charges,  as  per 
an  abstract  sent  home  may  appear.  And  the  next  day  after  her 
departure  out  of  this  road  came  General  Saris  from  Jappan  in 
the  Clove,  unexpected  to  have  come  this  monsoon  ;  which  was 
the  occasion  that  the  factors  of  that  voyage  were  unprovided  of 
pepper  for  her  lading.  Notwithstanding  with  much  trouble  and 
diligence  it  was  very  soon  effected  and  bought  to  the  quantity  of 
6vooo  sacks,  at  15  rials  of  eight  per  10  sacks,  as  per  account,  etc. 
And-  concerning  the  Darling  who  departed  for  Mossapotam 
(Masulipatam)  with  the  Dragon  out  of  this  road  of  Bantam  the 
10th  of  December,  thinking  to  have  gone  through  the  straits  of 
Mallacca,  was  put  back  again  and  is  gone  through  the  straits  of 
Sundy,  but  she  came  not  into  the  road,  but  had  news  from  them 
by  a  Holland  ship  which  met  with  them  some  17  leagues  out  of 
Bantam  14  days  past,  doubting  much  of  her  putting  back  for 
that  she  had  many  of  her  men  sick.  Also  since  my  last  writing 
by  the  Expedition  it  hath  pleased  God  to  take  Edward  Langley 
out  of  this  miserable  life,  leaving  in  money  700  rials  of  8  and 
one  great  chest  with  divers  commodities  as  per  invoice  in  the 
same  chest  may  appear ;  all  which  money  and  commodities  is 
delivered  by  General  Saris'  order  unto  the  purser  of  the  Clove, 
Mr.  Melsham,  to  be  delivered  to  the  Worshipful  Company,  as 
also  his  will  made  and  legacies  given  goeth  in  the  little  box 
within  the  chest,  also  the  copy  of  a  confession  made  by  the  said 
Edward  Langley  after  his  will  ended,  which  the  General  will 
deliver  your  Worships ;  by  the  which  confession  you  shall 
perceive  the  bad  consciences  of  some  of  the  factors  and  the  ill 
carriage  of  this  business  formerly.    And  since  this  confession  was 

1  See  note,  Vol.  I.,  p.  76. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  15 

made  per  Edward  Langley  I   have   understood  that,  after   the 

inventory    of    the  whole  goods   was  taken,    that    the  said    Ed. 

Langley,  having  the  keys   of   the  warehouses  in  his  hand,  did 

divers  times  fetch  out  cloth  which  maybe  he  had  forgotten  to 

put  to  account,  as  also  he  trusted  the  keys  in  divers  men's  hands 

which  had  nothing  to  do  with  the  goods,  after  inventory  was  taken. 

Therefore    I  doubt  that  some  subtlety  may  be  as  well  used  in 

this  as  in  former  matters,  which  I  cannot  certainly  know  until  I 

take  a  new  inventory  of  all  the  loose  goods,  which  as  yet  I  have 

had  no  time  to  do  until  this  ship  be  gone  ;  then,  God  willing,  I 

mind  to  bring  all  the  loose  goods  into  one  warehouse,  for  it  lies 

most  confusedly  and  in  great  danger  both  for  thieves  and  fire, 

and  especially  with  fire,  which  we  have  been  in  great  danger 

three  times  within  ten  days,  the  town  being  burnt,  yet  God  be 

thanked  we  have  not  received  any  harm,  only  some  small  charge 

in  covering  the  godowns  with  straw.      And  as  for  the  plot  of 

ground  which  was  given  per  the  king  to  General  Best,  we  cannot 

get  as  yet  the  writing  of  the  king  to  build  upon  it,  but  [he]  doth 

drive  us  off  from  day  to  day,  hoping  of  some  bribe  besides  the 

1500  rials  which  was  promised  by  General  Best.      The  General, 

Mr.  John  Saris,  hath  done  his  best  in  obtaining  of  this  writing, 

but   he  hath  been  put  off  by  delays.     Both  General  Best  and 

General  Saris  hath  done  their  endeavours  to  effect  that  business, 

being  a  matter  of  so  great  importance,  both  for  the  safeguard 

of  the  goods,  as  also  to  avoid  the  great  charge  that  we  are  at  in 

the  hire  of  warehouses  and  portage,  which  if  we  can  be  permitted 

to  build,  the  extraordinary  expense  which  we  are  now  at  will 

free  the  charge  of  building  within  a  short  time.    Now  concerning 

the  business  here  it  stands  in  the  like  manner  as  General  Best 

left  it  ;  only  we  are,  per  appointment  of  General  Saris,  to  be  all 

in  one  house  both  at  bed  and  board,  not  doubting  but  we  shall 

hold  that  decorum    as    shall   be  fitting   both    for   the   profit    of 

the   Worshipful    Company   and    not    scandalize    our    nation   as 

formerly  it  hath  been  in  keeping  so  many  houses,  to  the  glory  of 

the  Hollanders,  who  in  their  trade  are  our  mortal  enemies,  and 

to  the  profit  of  the  Chinese  and  Javas,  which  doth  look  for  such 

opportunities  to  have  one  to  cross  another  that  they  may  the 

better  encroach  upon  us  in  the  sale  of  their  commodities,  as  it 


1 6  EAST   INDIA    COMPA.YY'S  RECORDS 

was  the  last  year  about  the  buying  of  China  commodities,  hoping 
that  this  year  it  will  be  carried  in  another  manner.  For  I  will  do 
my  best  endeavours  to  bring  all  things  to  right  as  well  in 
providing  of  China  commodities  as  also  for  the  lading  of  such 
ships  as  we  expect  to  be  here  in  September  next  or  thereabouts. 

And  as  for  the  building  of  the  house  which  the  king  hath 
promised,  if  I  see  that  we  may  build  it  upon  a  sure  foundation  I 
will  proceed  therein  ;  otherwise  I  will  leave  it  until  further  order 
from  your  Worships.  For  that  if  the  trade  at  the  Moullucas  be 
not  supplied  I  do  not  see  what  profit  can  be  made  here,  having 
trade  in  Guzerat  and  Coromandel ;  for  this  place  will  not  vent 
the  one  half  thereof,  besides  nothing  to  be  had  here  but  pepper ; 
and  a  most  unhealthful  country;  the  Moullucas  being  a  very 
healthful  place  and  the  people  willing  to  trade  with  us.  But  now 
in  regard  that  there  is  not  any  ship  gone  this  year  they  will  be 
out  of  hope ;  for  that  they  did  depend  much  upon  the  English 
this  year,  which  now  they  will  be  frustrate  of  their  hopes  and 
hold  the  Hollanders'  words  to  be  true,  who  tells  them  that  they 
shall  never  see  any  English  ship  there  but  once  in  four  years,  and 
then  some  small  ship  which  can  do  them  no  good  nor  succour 
them  with  anything,  but  only  to  induce  them  to  be  enemies  with 
the  Hollanders,  who  do  protect  them  from  the  Portugals  and 
others ;  which,  if  any  ship  had  gone  this  year  thither,  there  had 
been  no  doubt  of  her  lading,  and  would  have  kept  them  in  hopes 
until  better  opportunity.  Thus  not  having  else  at  present  to 
enlarge  I  rest,  commending  your  Worships  to  the  protection  of 
the  most  Highest,  whom  bless  and  prosper  all  your  proceedings. 

Amen. 

Your  servant  to  command, 

John  Jourdain. 
Herewith  I  send  the  receipt  of  Sir  Robert  Sherley  for  250/., 
this  being  the  second,  the  first  being  gone  in  the  Expedition. 
The  first  of  this  month  of  February  came  in  the  Darling  into  this 
road,  having  spent  their  mainyard  and  cracked  their  foremast ; 
whereupon  the  General,  Mr.  John  Saris,  called  a  council  and 
doth  determine  to  leave  orders  that  she  shall  go  for  Cacadanha 
(Sukadana),  from  thence  to  Pottany  and  Syam,  to  visit  the 
factories  there  [  ]  returns  hither. 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY  S  RECORDS 


17 


129 

1st  February  1613. 

HEREAS  Mr.  John  Gourney,  principal  merchant,  to- 
gether with  the  rest  of  the  merchants  in  the  James 
have  required  in  the  behalf  of  the  Worshipful  Com- 
pany at  the  hands  of  Mr.  Peter  Floris,  principal 
merchant  in  the  Globe,  the  account  of  852  rials  f,  which  the 
said  Mr.  Gourney  and  merchants  in  the  James  do  find  by 
account  to  have  been  short  employed ;  to  which  Mr.  Floris 
answers  that  whereas  that  sum  of  852  rials  f  was  by  a  general 
confer  of  the  principal  merchants  of  the  Globe  given  unto  Mier 
Shumelo  at  their  first  being  at  Masulpatam,  whereby  to  have 
procured  a  cowl  for  such  ships  as  should  come  hither  after  them  : 
he  therefore  doth  refuse  to  give  any  other  account  thereof  unto 
the  foresaid  Mr.  Gourney,  but  refers  it  unto  the  Worshipful 
Company  our  masters  in  England.  Dated  in  Musilpatam  1st 
February  anno  1613  in  Musilpatam. 

Per  me  Peter  Floris. 


130 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham  in  Edow  or  elsewhere. 
5th  of  February  1613. 

R.  WICKHAM,  Although  I  have  no  matter  of  im- 
portance to  write  you,  yet  having  fit  conveyance  I 
would  not  want  to  let  you  hear  from  me.  At  this 
instant  the  master  of  the  junk  is  come  from  Langa- 
saque  to  this  place,  I  mean  of  the  junk  bound  for  Cochin 
China,  and  Mr.  Peacock  will  be  ready  to  go  along  with 
him  for  Langasaque  within  4  or  5  days,  God  permitting,  for 
all  things  are  ready.  God  send  them  a  prosperous  voyage. 
I  am  given  to  understand  that  Ushian  Dona,  the  old  king's 
Y 1268.  c 


18  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

governor,  is  laid  up  and  all  he  hath  seized  upon,  and  told  he  is 
well  dealt  withal  if  he  escape  with  life.  Also  the  Captain 
Chinesa  is  fallen  at  square  with  his  new  wife  and  hath  given 
her  his  wacadash  bidding  her  cut  off  her  little  finger,  which  she 
had  done  had  she  not  been  prevented  per  Maria,  Harnando's 
woman,  who  paid  dear  for  it,  having  her  left  thumb  almost  cut 
off.  Also  the  king  hath  given  Signor  Zanzebar  a  new  name 
viz.  Yasimon.  Other  matters  I  have  not  to  write  of  at  present  ; 
only  you  did  ill  to  carry  the  key  of  your  chamber  along  with  you, 
for  now  must  I  break  off  the  lock  to  deliver  your  four  fowling 
pieces  to  Mr.  Peacock,  according  as  you  gave  me  order,  he  being 
willing  not  only  to  pleasure  you  in  that,  but  to  assist  Walter  to 
put  away  your  other  matters.  And  so  I  commit  you  to  God. 
From  the  English  house  at  Firando  in  Japan  the  5th  of  Feb- 
ruary 1613. 

Your  loving  Friend, 

Rio  Cocks. 


131 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham,  in  Edow  or  Shrongo 
per  Sr.  George  Droit. 

Firando  in  Japan  the  17th  of  February  1613. 

R.  WICKHAM,  My  last  unto  you  was  of  the  5th 
present  sent  per  Oyen  Dono,  the  young  king's  gover- 
nor, with  other  two  for  Captain  Adams  and  Mr.  Eaton, 
which  young  king  and  his  train  departed  from  hence 
the  9th  ditto,  and  the  morrow  after  I  received  a  letter  from  you 
per  the  Dutch  juribasso,  dated  in  Anuxma  the  4th  current 
which  came  in  time,  otherwise  all  your  four  guns  had  gone  along 
to  Cochin  China,  for  they  were  made  up  and  delivered  to  Mr. 
Peacock,  according  as  you  willed  me  at  our  departure,  but  now 
two  are  taken  back  at  hazard,  because  they  would  not  stand  to 
unlap  them  again.  Your  other  three  letters  to  Mr.  Peacock, 
Mr.  Nealson  and  Walter  Carwarden  I  delivered  and  had  taken 
back  the  knife  and  sheath  before  your  letter  came  to  my  hands, 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  19 

for  I  knew  it.  Mr.  Peacock  and  Walter  Carwarden  departed 
from  hence  for  Langasaque  the  14th  present,  and  Signor  Yasi- 
mon  Dono  (alias  Zanzebar)  did  accompany  them,  in  respect  it  is 
doubtful  whether  Koyngero's  junk  go  this  year  for  Cochin  China 
or  no,  for  that  the  owners  are  much  indebted,  and  the  junk 
arrested  for  payment ;  so  I  have  given  Mr.  Peacock  directions  to 
look  out  if  she  will  be  sold  at  a  reasonable  rate,  and  to  strike  up 
a  match  for  the  one  half  of  her,  and  to  be  at  his  choice  to  have 
the  whole  per  rato  at  her  return  from  Cochin  China,  to  the  intent 
she  may  serve  our  turn  for  Syam.  In  my  next  I  will  advise  you 
what  is  done  therein.  Captain  Brower  doth  send  goods  for 
Cochin  China  because  we  do,  for  that  the  States  shall  not  tax 
him  of  slothfulness,  they  having  been  here  so  long  before  us. 
He  will  go  himself  for  Langasaque  some  4  or  5  days  hence,  at 
least  he  giveth  it  out  so.  It  is  said  that  his  kinsman  Cornelius 
the  glazier  shall  go  along  with  the  goods  for  Cochin  China,  but 
as  yet  he  is  not  come  to  town.  Here  is  reports  that  all  the  papist 
Jesuits,  friars  and  priests  shall  be  banished  out  of  Japan  as  well 
at  Langasaque  as  elsewhere,  but  I  doubt  the  news  is  too  good  to 
be  true.  I  know  not  what  else  to  write  but  hope  you  will  have  a 
care  to  despatch  away  your  commodities  as  price  goeth,  for  that 
Captain  Adams  may  bring  store  of  money  along  with  him.  I 
pray  you  sell  away  as  you  can  as  time  serveth.  And  so  I 
commit  you  to  God. 

Your  loving  friend, 

Ric.  Cocks. 


132 

Masulipatam,  February  18th,  1613.  T.  Essington,  Captain,  and 
P.  Floris,  Merchant  of  the  Globe,  to  Thos.  Aldworth,  Chief 
at  Surat. 

[Missing.] 

c  2 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

133 

William  Eaton  to  Richard  Wickham  in  Edo. 
In  Ozekey  the  first  of  March  1613. 

OVING  and  good  Friend  Mr.  Wickham,  I  commend 
me  unto  you  etc.  You  shall  understand  that  since 
your  departure  I  have  showed  my  goods  to  divers 
merchants,  but  have  not  as  yet  sold  anything,  being 
offered  no  more  but  6  taels  for  pepper,  5^  taels  for  broadcloth  a 
yard,  and  for  baftas  I2|  mass  per  piece,  and  for  allejas  according 
to  the  rate  of  the  country  cloth,  and  for  tin  16  taels  a  pecul  and 
for  gunpowder  the  barrel  10  taels ;  so  as  at  these  rates  I  am  not 
minded  to  sell  as  yet,  before  I  heard  further  from  Mr.  Cocks. 
Some  four  days  since  I  received  a  letter  from  him  wherein  he 
wrote  me  that  Mr.  Peacock  was  upon  departure  for  Langasaka 
and  so  for  Cochin  China.  God  send  him  a  prosperous  voyage. 
Also  he  wrote  me  that  the  Captain  Chenesa  and  his  new  wife 
were  not  friends,  and  how  that  he  had  given  her  his  wacadash  or 
little  cattan  to  cut  off  her  little  finger,  the  which  she  had  done 
had  she  not  been  prevented  per  Maria,  Harnando's  woman,  who 
paid  dear  for  it,  having  her  left  thumb  almost  cut  off.  Also  how 
that  Ushian  Dono,  the  old  King's  governor,  was  laid  up  and  all 
he  hath  seized  upon,  and  withal  like  to  have  lost  his  life.  Some 
galls  by  the  bearer  hereof,  who  is  the  King's  secretary  of  Ferando, 
I  have  sent  you.  News  here  is  not  any,  but  that  all  the  houses 
and  churches  that  did  belong  to  the  friars  and  Jesuits  are  all 
pulled  down  and  burnt,  besides  all  those  that  were  Christians 
are  recanted  and  be  of  the  same  religion  as  they  were  of  in 
former  time,  so  as  now  there  is  no  more  Christians  of  Japanners 
in  these  parts.  Here  of  late  hath  been  divers  to  the  number  at 
the  least  150  persons  apprehended  for  buying  and  selling  of 
tobacco  contrary  to  the  Emperor's  commandment,  and  are  in 
jeopardy  of  their  lives,  besides  great  store  of  tobacco  which  they 
have  here  burnt,  etc.  And  thus  for  the  present  being  in  haste 
I  end,  committing  you  and  your  affairs  to  the  protection  of  the 
Almighty  God  ;  resting 

Your  friend  to  command, 

Wm.  Eaton. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  21 

134 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham,  in  Edow,  Shrongo,  or 
elsewhere,  per  Sr.  George  Droit. 

Firando  in  Japan  the  7th  of  March  1613. 

R.  WICKHAM,  George  Droit,  the  Portuguese,  being 
here  till  this  instant  for  want  of  a  good  wind,  I 
thought  good  to  write  you  these  few  lines,  referring 
me  for  the  rest  to  my  former  of  the  17th  ultimo,  sent 
per  same  conveyance  etc.  Mr.  Peacock  is  now  agreed  with 
them  of  Chongro's  junk  to  go  in  her  and  will  be  ready  to  depart 
within  5  or  6  days.  A  lying  friar  (or  Jesuit)  lately  come 
from  above  to  Langasaque  told  him  that  Captain  Adams  was 
dead  at  Miako  ;  and  had  I  not  received  a  letter  from  Captain 
Adams  dated  in  Ozekey  the  16th  ultimo,  advising  both  of  his, 
yours  and  Mr.  Eaton's  arrival  in  that  place  I  should  have  stood 
in  doubt.  But  as  yet  I  have  not  received  any  letter  from  you  nor 
Mr.  Eaton  but  that  you  sent  me  from  Anuxma  at  your  departure 
from  hence.  It  is  generally  reported  here  that  all  the  padres 
are  to  avoid  out  of  Japan,  and  as  it  should  seem  the  name  of 
Christian  is  odious  to  them,  for  yesterday  being  Sunday  we  put 
out  our  flag,  as  our  custom  is,  but  after  noon  Foyne  Same,  the 
old  King,  sent  me  word  to  take  it  in  because  it  had  a  cross  in  it, 
which  at  that  instant  I  did  not ;  but  after  twice  sending  I  went 
to  him  myself  and  excused  the  matter  in  the  best  sort  I  could, 
telling  him  that  this  cross  was  not  made  in  form  of  the  cross  of 
Christ,  but  rather  for  a  badge  or  token  whereby  the  English 
nation  was  known  from  all  others,  as  the  Hollanders  were  by 
their  colours  of  orange,  blanc  and  blue ;  yet  all  would  not  serve 
but  down  it  must,  full  sore  against  my  will,  Foyne  telling  me  it 
was  the  Emperor's  will  it  should  be  so,  only  we  might  put  out 
any  other  mark  we  would,  a  cross  only  excepted,  and  that  ships 
coming  might  bear  a  cross  upon  the  water  but  not  on  land. 
This  much  thought  I  good  to  advise  you  of,  and  have  writ  the 
like  to  Captain  Adams  wishing  him  to  know  the  Emperor's 
pleasure  whether  we  shall  not  be  permitted  to  bear  or  put  out 


22  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

our  colours  as  well  as  the  Hollanders.  It  should  seem  these 
people  are  generally  bent  against  all  Christians,  and  therefore  not 
good  you  use  overmuch  speeches  herein,  only  let  Captain  Adams 
know  the  Emperor's  pleasure,  and  for  the  rest  I  end  with  the 
English  proverb,  that  it  is  not  good  to  wake  a  sleeping  dog,  etc. 
and  so  rest 

Your  loving  friend, 

Ric.  Cocks. 


135 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham  in  Yedo,  Shrongo,  or 
elsewhere  ;  per  George  Droit. 

Firando  in  Japan  the  gth  of  March  1613. 

R.  WICKHAM,  yours  of  the  13th  etc.  kept  till  the 
1  Gth  ultimo  from  Ozekey  I  have  received  with  another 
from  Mr.  Eaton.  I  much  commend  your  diligence  in 
learning  out  what  you  have  done,  and  advising  so 
largely  thereof.  Yesterday  I  received  a  letter  from  Tushma 
(Tsushima)  from  Ed.  Sayer  dated  the  22nd  ultimo.  He  writes 
that  he  hath  sold  but  for  31  taels  of  cloth  of  Cambaia  with 
5  peculs  pepper,  and  that  the  King  and  another  man  will  take 
some  24  yards  of  broadcloth  as  he  thinketh.  He  is  out  of  hope 
of  any  good  to  be  done  there  or  Corea,  and  very  desirous  to  go  from 
thence  for  Focaty  (Fukuoka),  per  means  of  the  persuasions  of  a 
great  merchant  of  that  place  who  is  now  at  Tushma.  Mr.  Peacock 
is  now  ready  to  set  towards  Cochin  China.  Captain  Brower  came 
from  Langasaque  two  days  past,  having  made  ready  all  matters  to 
send  Adrian  and  Cornelius  with  a  juribasso  for  that  place.  I 
make  account  Mr.  Peacock  and  they  will  depart  from  Langasaque 
within  this  two  or  three  days  but  in  diverse  junks.  I  think  you  may 
better  provide  you  of  a  boy  there  than  here,  for  as  yet  I  can  get 
none.     George  was  willing  enough  to  have  let  you  have  had  that 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


23 


boy  Mr.  Eaton  had,  but  his  parents  would  not,  being  informed 
by  some  Flemings  (as  I  understand)  that  you  would  continually 
be  beating  of  him.  Once  I  will  do  what  I  can.  I  bought  a 
wench  yesterday  cost  me  3  taels,  for  which  she  must  serve  five 
years  and  then  repay  back  the  three  taels,  or  some  friend  for  her, 
or  else  remain  a  perpetual  captive.  She  is  but  12  years  old,  over 
small  yet  for  trade;  but  you  would  little  think  that  I  have  another 
forthcoming  that  is  more  lapedable,  yet  it  is  true,  and  I  think  a 
gentlewoman  of  your  acquaintance.  You  must  be  no  blab  of 
your  tongue,  yet  I  make  no  doubt  but  Sturton  and  you  either  are, 
or  else  will  be  provided  shortly.  I  know  not  what  else  to  write, 
George  being  ready  to  depart.  Here  is  reports  that  the  Emperor 
is  dead,  as  a  lying  friar  gave  out  the  like  of  Captain  Adams,  but  I 
hope  both  the  one  and  other  will  prove  false.  I  do  not  per- 
ceive neither  per  your  letter  nor  Mr.  Eaton's  that  you  delivered 
Sr.  Albartus  the  bottle  of  Spanish  wine  I  sent  him  by  you. 
Mr.  Eaton  writes  me  he  delivered  him  the  bottle  of  oil  I  sent  per 
him.  If  you  delivered  not  the  wine,  I  shall  take  it  unkindly. 
And  so  I  leave  you  to  the  protection  of  the  Almighty,  resting 

Your  loving  friend, 

Ric.  Cocks. 


136 

Articles  for  keeping  of  Company. 
Hector.     To  Mr.  Arthur  Speight. 

NPRIMIS.      You    shall    strive   to   follow  your 

Admiral   with    all    carefulness,    the    better   to 

keep  company  together,  with  a  vigilant  looking 

81     out  both  by  day  and  night. 

2.  Item.     The  Admiral  towards  evening  will  fit  such  sail  as 

he  will  speak  with  the  fleet,  that  you  may  receive  order  according 

as  the  wind  and  weather  shall  offer  occasions,  and  that  no  ship  of 


24  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

our  Company  shall  press  to  go  before  the  Admiral  and  especially 
by  night  or  in  foul  weather. 

3.  Item.  If  the  Admiral  will  have  conference  with  the  rest  of 
the  ships,  and  have  the  chief  merchants  or  masters  come  aboard 
of  him,  the  weather  fitting,  he  will  put  out  in  his  aftmost  main 
shrouds  a  flag  of  St.  George  and  shoot  off  a  piece. 

4.  Item.  If  any  ship  be  distressed  by  any  means  in  the 
night,  he  shall  put  out  two  lights  a  good  height  one  above 
another  in  the  main  shrouds  or  on  his  poop,  and  shoot  off  two 
pieces.  If  it  be  by  day  he  be  distressed  he  shall  shoot  off  one 
piece  and  hoist  and  strike  his  mizen  three  times,  to  the  end  the 
rest  may  repair  unto  him. 

5.  Item.  If  the  Admiral  come  to  an  anchor  he  will  put  out 
two  lights  of  equal  height  and  shoot  off  a  piece  ;  but  by  day  he 
is  to  be  seen. 

6.  Item.  If  he  weigh  anchor  again  in  the  night,  the  Admiral 
will  shoot  off  a  piece  and  put  out  two  lights  one  directly  above 
another. 

7.  Item.  If  the  Admiral  cast  about  in  the  night  or  alter  his 
course  he  will  put  out  three  lights  of  equal  height,  and  fit  such 
sail  as  the  rest  may  come  to  him,  and  then  shall  each  ship  keep 
out  one  light  till  they  come  to  the  Admiral,  to  the  end  he  may 
perceive  them  all  to  follow  him.  When  at  any  time  there  shall 
be  no  light  at  all  carried  out  by  the  Admiral  you  shall  then  have 
especial  care  to  keep  your  lights  close  that  they  be  not  seen. 

8.  Item.  If  in  the  night  any  storm  do  arise,  then  you  shall 
put  out  in  every  ship  a  light  for  the  most  part ;  and  the  Admiral 
twain,  to  the  end  she  may  be  known. 

9.  Item.  If  the  Admiral  strike  sail  in  the  night  or  lie  a-try 
or  a-hull,  he  will  put  out  two  lights,  one  upon  the  poop  and 
another  as  far  forward  as  the  forecastle,  if  he  set  sail ;  and  to  use 
the  like  when  he  weigheth,  being  at  an  anchor. 

10.  Item.  If  it  happen  by  any  storm  or  thick  weather  any  of 
our  Company  to  be  separated,  or  if  we  be  all  one  from  another 
out  of  sight,  and  then  by  any  means  we  have  sight  of  one  an- 
other again,  and  would  at  first  know  one  another,  if  the  weather 
be  such  as  you  may  use  your  main  topsail,  you  shall  hoist  and 
strike   it   three   times    together,    and    so    continue   hoisting   and 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  25 

striking  till  we  shall  perceive  ourselves  to  know  one  another.  But 
if  the  winds  and  weather  will  not  permit  any  such  sail,  you  shall 
then  do  it  with  any  other  sail  most  fit  for  the  weather  and  time. 

Nich.  Downton. 

From  aboard  the 

New  Year's  Gift, 

the  14th  March  1613. 


137 

William  Eaton  to  Richard  Wickham  in  Yedo,  Shrongo, 
or  elsewhere. 

In  Ozekey  the  22nd  of  March  1613. 

OVING  Friend  Mr.  Wickham,  I  commend  me  unto 
you  etc.  You  shall  understand  that  my  last  letter 
unto  you  was  the  first  of  March  by  Owendona,  the 
young  King's  governor  of  Ferando,  by  whom  likewise 
I  sent  you  all  the  galls  I  had.  In  which  said  letter  I  wrote  you 
of  all  matters  that  had  here  passed  since  your  departure  from 
hence,  not  doubting  but  that  you  have  received  it  before  this 
time,  whereunto  I  refer  me  etc.  Since  which  time  I  have  here 
sold  all  my  baftas  saving  ten  pieces  for  16  mass  a  piece,  the 
which  is  a  poor  price  but  more  I  could  not  get  for  them.  Also 
I  have  sold  some  eleven  matts  length  or  fadoms  of  broadcloth, 
but  very  cheap,  the  best  not  above  fifteen  taels  the  matt  and 
some  for  fourteen  and  a  half.  Signor  Albertus  would  have  sold 
finer  cloth  than  any  I  have  under  fourteen  taels.  He  knoweth 
not  that  I  have  sold  anything  as  yet,  neither  would  I  wish  you  to 
let  Captain  Adams  know  at  what  prices  I  have  sold  broadcloth 
at ;  for  when  he  once  knoweth  thereof  the  Dutch  shall  have 
presently  intelligence.  I  have  written  him  a  letter  but  not 
one  word  of  the  sale  of  any  broadcloth.  Here  arrived  George 
Droit  the  Portuguese  two  days  ago,  by  whom  I  received  divers 
letters  from  Mr.  Cocks  and  Mr.  Nealson  both  for  yourself  and 


26  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

Mr.  Adams,  the  which  said  letters  I  have  sent  by  him,  who 
goeth  thither  to  recover  that  he  lost  here  in  Japon.  So  as  I 
shall  not  need  to  write  you  of  what  hath  passed  in  Ferrando,  for 
I  make  account  Mr.  Cocks  hath  at  large  written  you  thereof  by 
his  letters,  whereunto  I  refer  you  etc.  And  thus  for  present 
I  end,  committing  you  and  your  affairs  unto  the  protection  of 
the  Almighty  God  ;  resting 

Your  friend  to  command, 

William  Eaton. 


138 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham  in  Edow,  Shrongo, 
or  elsewhere. 

Firando  in  Japan,  the  1st  April,  1614. 

R.  WICKHAM,  by  George  the  Portugal  (who  departed 
from  hence  the  gth  ultimo)  I  wrote  you  several 
letters,  advising  for  the  present.  Since  which  time  I 
have  received  two  letters  from  Mr.  Eaton,  of  the  1st 
and  13th  ultimo,  wherein  he  adviseth  me  he  hath  sold  all  his 
white  baftas  at  sixteen  mass  the  piece  and  certain  matts  broad- 
cloth at  fifteen  taels  the  matt.  I  wish  all  the  rest  were  gone  at 
same  or  like  rate,  both  that  I  have  here  and  others  elsewhere. 
He  saith  that  some  of  his  commodities  they  will  not  look  at, 
namely  selas,  blue  byrams,  and  candequis  maweez.  Once  do  what 
you  can  to  sell  away,  although  something  under  cento  per  cento, 
for  it  is  better  to  have  money  by  us  than  commodities,  what- 
soever shall  happen,  for  here  are  many  reports  given  out  of 
troubles  like  to  ensue  in  Japan.  But  keep  that  to  yourself  and 
learn  out  what  you  can  and  advise  me  thereof  per  first  sure 
conveyance.  I  make  account  Captain  Adams  will  be  come 
away  before  this  come  to  your  hands ;  otherwise  give  him 
counsel  to  take  heed  of  one  Pedro  Guzano,  a  papist  Christian, 
who   is   his   host   at    Miaco,    for   a   lying   friar  (or    Jesuit)  told 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  27 

Mr.  Peacock  at  Langasaque  that  Captain  Adams  was  dead  in 
the  house  of  the  said  Guzano,  which  now  I  know  is  a  lie,  per 
letters  I  received  from  Mr.  Eaton,  for  the  said  friar  rep  [orted] 
he  was  dead  before  the  date  thereof.  Once  I  would  wish 
Captain  Adams  to  look  to  himself,  for  these  villainous  papistical 
rabble  at  Langasaque  do  give  it  out  behind  his  back  that  he  is  a 
Lutrano,  and  one  that  they  make  account  hath  incensed  the 
Emperor  against  them.  I  wish  [ed  ?]  Captain  Adams,  at  his  being 
here,  to  look  to  himself  and  take  heed  of  them ;  and  so  would  I 
wish  you  to  do  the  like.  Mr.  Peacock  departed  from  Langasaque 
towards  Cochin  China  the  18th  ultimo,  as  he  advised  me  in  a 
letter  of  that  date  written  from  aboard  the  junk  he  goeth  in, 
called  the  Roquan.  We  have  had  much  northerly  winds  since 
their  departure  so  I  doubt  not  but  they  will  have  a  speedy 
passage,  which  God  grant  them  with  a  prosperous  voyage. 
Upon  some  occasion  I  have  noted  that  you  may  esteem  I  love 
you  not,  or  that  I  bear  some  secret  grudge  against  you,  which 
here  I  do  protest  (before  God)  I  do  not,  but  rather  do  esteem 
much  better  of  you  since  your  coming  hither,  then  I  did  before. 
And  so  shall  you  find  by  proof,  if  it  lie  in  my  power  to  do  you 
good  ;  for  I  regard  not,  but  rather  have  quite  put  out  of  my 
memory  any  words  which  have  passed  betwixt  us  hereto  [fore] . 
I  wish  you  could  make  despatch  of  your  business  to  be  here 
ag[ainst]  the  jSyam  voyage,  and  then  shall  you  see  what  I 
will  do.  And  trul  [y]  I  would  not  wish  you  to  stay  there  upon 
small  occasions,  but  rather  to  leave  them  with  your  host  or  some 
other  good  friend  that  is  assured.  And  in  the  meantime  sell 
away  what  you  can  ;  stand  not  upon  price,  but  turn  what  you 
can  into  money  and  bring  it  along  with  you.  I  can  say  no  more, 
nor  give  you  no  larger  commission  than  I  have  done.  And  so 
with  my  hearty  commendations  to  yourself,  Signor  Andrea  and 
the  rest  of  our  acquaintance,  I  commit  you  to  God,  resting 
always 

Your  loving  friend, 

Ric.  Cocks. 

P.S. — Your  Juribasso  Simon's  letter  I  delivered  to  his  host 
at  Firando  for  his  host  Bastian  is  gone  for  Cochin  China. 


28  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


139 

Instructions  from  the  Captain  and  merchants  of  the  Darling  to 
Sophony  Cozucke,  proceeding  on  a  mission  to  Landak. 
April  nth,  1614. 

EFORE  this  our  arrival  with  the  Darling  in  Succo- 
dania  we  had  understanding  by  sundry  the  letters  of 
you  Mr.  Sophony  Cozucke  and  Mr.  Greete,  of  the 
great  desire  the  people  of  Landacke  had  that  our 
nation  should  come  and  settle  a  factory  with  them,  whereby  they 
might  be  free  from  the  slavery  of  the  Sukadanians,  who  suffer 
them  not  to  sell  anything  but  what  they  list,  having  the  first 
view  themselves ;  and  we,  at  our  coming,  finding  things  agreable 
to  former  reports,  and  that  our  case  is  no  better  than  those  of 
Landacke,  and  in  consideration  the  junk  Patience  with  John 
Williams  departed  four  months  past  for  this  place  and  is  not 
yet  arrived,  and  for  that  the  winds  will  be  this  month  variable 
and  with  much  foul  weather,  so  that  without  prejudice  to  our 
voyage  intended  for  Pottania,  we  may  both  spend  some  time 
here  to  be  truly  instructed  touching  these  parts,  and  by  God's 
assistance  see  the  safe  arrival  of  the  junk  ;  and  not  to  spend  this 
time  of  our  stay  here  idle,  we  think  it  good  to  send  you, 
Mr.  Sophony  Cozucke,  with  a  sufficient  mariner  along  the  river 
to  Landacke,  with  an  especial  charge  that  your  absence  be  not 
above  six  and  twenty  or  thirty  days  and  that  you  speedily  confer 
with  the  governors  or  chief  of  those  parts,  touching  our  nego- 
tiation, upon  what  security  we  may  settle  a  factory  or  leave 
goods  of  charge  with  them,  and  that  you  acquaint  them  of  the 
arrival  of  our  ship  in  this  place,  whose  chief  hath  sent  you  truly 
to  understand  their  minds,  whereby  he  at  his  coming  be  not 
mocked  withal,  and  find  such  good  dealing  at  their  hands  as  they 
shall  be  sure  to  find  at  his;  and  withal  it  would  not  be  amiss  you 
privately  to  learn  whether  they  stand  in  fear  there  of  the  Sucko- 
danians,  or  not,  for  if  so  I  see  not  how  our  people  can  be  in 
safety  with  them,  and  above  all  things  be  not  flattered  with 
fruitless  hopes,  but  if  possible,  bring  their  chaps,  their  firms,  for 
what  they  say  or  promise,  that  so  at   your  return,  I   may  the 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


29 


bolder  leave  former  business  and  undertake  a  new  ;  not  doubting 
your  wise  and  discreet  carriage  in  remembrance  what  may  be 
here  forgotten.  And  for  depths  and  soundings  I  doubt  not  but 
Richard  Newell,  sent  along  with  you,  will  be  careful  of,  touching 
whose  opinion  if  you  do  ask  at  any  time  I  hold  it  not  amiss,  for 
that  I  have  sufficiently  had  proof  thereof.  We  send  herewith 
musters  of  our  cloth  with  indifferent  prices,  which  I  pray  under- 
stand how  will  be  the  vent  of  the  like.  And  so  the  Almighty  add 
blessing  to  your  endeavours.     We  rest, 

Robert  Larkin, 
Nathaniell  Courthope, 
Sophony  Cozucke, 
In  Suckodana  Hugh  Greete. 

this  nth  of  April,  1614. 


140 

William  Eaton  to  Richard  Wickham  in  Edo  or  elsewhere. 
In  Ozekey  the  20th  April,  1614. 

OVING  friend  Mr.  Wickham,  I  commend  me  unto 
you,  etc.  My  last  letter  unto  you  was  the  22nd 
ultimo  by  George  Droit  the  Portuguese,  wherein  I 
wrote  you  of  all  matters  that  had  here  passed  to  that 
present  time,  not  doubting  but  that  you  have  received  it  before 
this  time,  whereunto  I  refer  me,  etc.  Since  which  time  I  have 
been  at  Meaco  with  several  sorts  of  goods  to  see  if  I  could  find 
any  sales  for  any  of  them,  but  I  could  not  sell  anything  there  but 
only  four  matts  of  broadcloth  and  12  pieces  of  cassidie  nills,  and 
32  pieces  of  allejas,  the  which  I  sold  at  poor  rates,  as  for  15  taels 
the  matt  broadcloth,  and  for  the  cassidie  nills  at  26^  mass  the 
piece,  and  for  the  allejas  15  mass  a  piece,  which  are  poor  prices; 
but  howsoever  I  must  do  as  I  can  and  not  as  I  would.  Here  is 
come  from  Captain  Brower  to  Albertus  at  least  30  broad  cloths, 
the  which,  part  of  them  is  to  be  sent  to  Lorenco  :  so  as  in  regard 


30  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

whereof  I  would  wish  you  to  make  despatch  of  those  broad- 
cloths you  have,  although  at  a  reasonable  rate,  rather  than  to 
keep  them  lying  upon  your  hands.  For  my  own  part  I  have 
minded  to  put  away  all  that  I  have  although  but  for  small  profit, 
rather  than  I  will  keep  them,  etc.  At  my  being  in  Meaco  I 
received  a  letter  from  Mr.  Adams  the  3rd  present,  being  dated  in 
Edo  the  17th  ultimo,  whereby  I  understand  that  the  Emperor 
hath  taken  43  fadome  of  broadcloth,  and  all  the  lead  at  6  taels 
the  pecul.  I  wish  he  had  all  mine  at  the  same  rate,  for  here  it 
is  not  worth  above  45  mass  the  pecul.  Also  he  wrote  me  that 
as  then  the  Emperor  had  not  given  any  direct  answer  for  the 
having  of  the  ordnance  and  gunpowder,  but  that  he  is  in  good 
hope  that  he  will  take  them.  The  bark  that  carried  the  goods 
for  Edo  it  seems  is  not  yet  there  arrived.  I  wonder  I  received 
never  a  letter  from  you  for  Captain  Cocks,  who  I  know  would  be 
glad  to  hear  from  you.  I  pray  you  to  send  me  Mr.  Peacock's 
book  which  I  lent  you,  in  that  he  hath  written  unto  me  for  it  to 
send  it  to  Ferrando  by  Capt.  Adams  ;  and  I  will  send  you  yours 
by  the  first  conveyance.  And  thus  for  the  present,  being  in 
haste  I  end,  committing  you  and  your  affairs  unto  the  protection 
of  the  Almighty  God,  etc.  ;  resting 

Your  friend  to  command, 

William  Eaton. 


141 

William  Eaton  to  Richard  Wickham  in  Edo  or  elsewhere. 
In  Osaka  the  21st  of  April,  1614. 

[OVING  friend  Mr.  Wickham,  I  commend  me  unto 
you,  etc.  You  shall  understand  that  yesterday  I 
wrote  you,  by  this  same  conveyance,  of  all  matters 
that  had  here  passed  to  that  present  time ;  but 
since,  even  at  this  present,  having  received  a  letter  from 
Mr.  Cocks  dated  in  Ferrando  the  1st  present,  and  likewise  one 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  31 

for  yourself,  so  as  I  shall  not  need  to  write  you  of  what  business 
hath  passed  in  Ferrando,  for  that  I  know  Mr.  Cocks  hath  written 
you  at  large  by  his  said  letter,  whereunto  I  refer  you,  etc.  And 
thus  for  present  being  in  haste  in  regard  of  the  departure  of  this 
bearer  who  is  a  Dutchman,  I  end,  committing  you  and  your 
affairs  unto  the  protection  of  the  Almighty  God,  etc. ;  resting 

Your  friend  to  command, 

William  Eaton. 


142 

Letters  received  by  John  Jourdain  at  Bantam. 

(1.) 

From  George  Cokayne,  at  Maccasser. 

The  24th  April,  1614. 

APTAIN  JOURDAIN,  in  hope  of  your  good  health 
with  the  rest  of  our  good  friends,  which  God  grant, 
we  do  heartily  commend  ourselves  unto  you.  This  is 
to  give  you  to  understand  of  our  proceedings  here  in 
Maccasser  since  your  departure  from  Maccasser,  which  time  we 
used  our  best  means  for  to  put  away  our  cloth  at  any  reasonable 
rates,  it  being  from  August  till  January  but  a  dead  time  of  year, 
and  few,  or  none  at  all,  that  would  deal  for  any  quantity,  only  the 
country  people  for  a  small  matter,  which  was  in  rice  according  to 
order  in  November.  Merchants  some  three  or  four  were  divers 
times  [  ]  beating  the  prices  of  sundry  sorts  of  clothing  to 

deal  for  great  quantities  and  were  within  a  small  matter  of  our 
price,  for  it  was  thought  that  this  year  no  Portugals  would  come 
from  Mollacco.  The  prime  of  December  arrived  here  one  junk  of 
Mallacco  with  Portugals,  viz.  9  merchants.  The  5th  ditto  came 
in  a  ship  from  Mollacco  with  28  Portugals  and  36  blacks,  with  a 
small  junk  in  his  company  freighted  per  Portugals,  that  then 
there  was  such  a  glut  of  all  sorts  of  goods,  both  of  Guggeratt  and 
Corramandell,  besides  the  junks  of  Puttany,  Johore  and  Siam, 


32  EAST   /.YD/A    COMPAATS  RECORDS 

which  brought  great  store  of  commodities,  as  well  of  China  as 
elsewhere  ;  whereby  we  were  dismissed  of  the  sales  of  our  cloth 
at  any  reasonable  rates,  for  that  the   Portugals  they  would  sell 
howsoever,  for  their  present  return,  although  they  sold  as  cheap 
as  they  bought    in   Mallacco,  viz.   Sela  red,  24  rials  the  corge, 
candequees,  8  rials,  Bafta,  30  rials,  Biramy  nills,  32,  35  and  36, 
cassamera  of  Coramandle,  of  the  second  at  50 — the  best  at  70 
rials,  serras  of  Corramandell  at  80  and  go  rials  the  corge,  sarras 
gobar  of  the  best  sort  at  100  and  no  the  corge ;  with  other  divers 
sorts  at  such  reasonable  rates  that   I  durst   not   make  any  such 
cheap  price  of  our  clothing.     The  7th  of  December  arrived  here  a 
junk  of  the  King  of  Maccassar's  that  came  from  Pottany,  which 
brought  a  capital  of  the  Seventh  Voyage  from  our  factory  there, 
according  to  Captain   Peter    Floris's   direction,  which    clothing 
came  but  to  a  reasonable  market  this  year,  yet  you  shall  under- 
stand, that  the  clothing  of  the  Coast  fits  best  for  the  country  of 
Maccasser,  viz.,  Sarras,  Chury  mollay,  Sarras  gobar,  being  of  the 
best  sort,  dragams,  salampora,  being  a  broad  white  cloth,  casa- 
meras  of  either  sort,  and  petas  striped  with  silk.     The  steel  of  the 
Coast  we  sell  here  at  n   rials  the  hundred,  though  great  store 
doth  not  quickly  vend  as  yet ;  the  reason  is  so  much  of  all  other 
goods  this  year  is  come  to  this  place,  and  all  foreign  commodities 
very  cheap.     The  9th  December  arrived  here  the  God's  Gift  with 
Francis    Kelly,  John    Darby,  and  six   other    Englishmen,   John 
Williams  being  departed.     Herein  we  received  4  chests  China 
raw  silk,  10  pieces  velvets,  10  pieces  satins,  10  pieces  of  girdling 
of  Taffaty,  with  a  parcel  of  goods  for  Sukadana.     This  silk  came 
here  to  a  good  market.     We  had  broke  the  price  at  450  rials  the 
pecul  China,  and  sold  to  the  quantity  of  one  pecul,  after  the  rate 
aforesaid.     The   12th  ditto  unhappily  arrived  here  a  junk  from 
China,  being  the  first  that  ever  came  to  this  place,  which  brought 
great  store  of  China  commodities  of  all  sorts,  viz.  raw  silk  of 
Lannkyn  (Nanking)  at  150  rials  the  pecul,  velvets  6,  7  and  8  the 
piece,  grograines  4,  5,  6  and  7  ;  damasks  from  2  to  6  rials,  and  the 
like  low  prices  of  all  other  sorts  of  their  China  wares ;  so  that 
this  year  falls  out  very  bad  for  our  proceedings.     God  send  the 
next  better.     Now  considering  the  long  time  the  God's  Gift  was 
to  stay  here  before  she  could  return,  we  thought  it  good  to  have 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  33 

her  something  better  built  and  to  employ  her  to  Banda,  having 
good  means ;  hoping  to  have  met  with  some  English  shipping 
there ;  if  not,  to  have  landed  goods  on  the  Poolawaya  and  there 
to  have  left  Benjamin  Farieand  two  other  Englishmen,  which  the 
Poolawayans  and  all  the  other  Orancayas  doth  much  desire, 
which  this  King,  and  divers  principals  of  this  country,  have  often 
demanded  wherefore  we  have  not  people  there,  the  Bandanese 
so  much  desiring  the  English,  and  plainly  disannul  and  dislike 
the  Hollanders.  The  27th  February  our  people  departed  from 
hence  in  hope  to  have  a  monsoon  enough  to  carry  to  Banda. 
The  prime  of  February  last  arrived  here  a  Dutch  ship,  wherein  I 
did  receive  your  letter  dated  the  5th  February,  being  glad  to  hear 
from  you.  Here  doth  divers  passengers  come  from  Bantam,  yet 
I  cannot  receive  letters  as  the  Dutch  doth,  and  if  there  were 
better  correspondence  kept,  I  think  it  would  be  better  for  our 
honourable  masters'  profit.  The  21st  present  came  into  this 
road  the  God's  Gift,  not  being  able  to  fetch  Banda,  but  put  into 
Buttowne  (Boeton)  with  34  junks,  Mollays,  Maccassers,  and 
Javas,  to  the  great  hindrance  of  a  number  of  poor  people.  There 
is  great  lamenting  here  in  Maccasser  with  all  merchants,  as  well 
the  Christians  as  heathens,  for  that  there  is  but  two  junks  this  great 
monsoon  to  get  to  the  Mallocees,  but  all  fain  to  return  with  their 
merchandise  provided  for  those  places ;  that  this  year  here  will 
not  be  any  spice  to  be  had  at  any  rates,  but  the  country  full  of 
clothing.  Our  people  keeping  it  up  to  windward  in  sight  of 
Borreo  (Boeroe)  in  great  distress  of  weather,  the  small  vessel 
labouring  much  fell  to  be  extraordinary  leaky  insomuch  that  it 
was  impossible  to  free  her,  and  keep  her  above  water  that  it  did 
prove  to  be  [  ]  in  the  cargazon  of  clothing,  the  particulars 

whereof  shall  be  brought  to  Bantam  per  the  God's  Gift,  God  will- 
ing. Our  people  being  arrived  here,  and  at  present  ready  to  de- 
part for  Succodana,  it  is  therefore  thought  fitting  that  Benjamin 
Fary  should  go  along  thither,  and,  if  occasion  be,  there  to  leave 
him,  if  Francis  Kelly  and  he  together  do  see  it  requisite  as  it  is 
thought  it  will  be  needful  ;  but  if  it  be  not,  I  do  then  appoint 
B.  Farie  to  come  to  Bantam  to  advise  with  you  of  anything  that 
may  be  for  the  Company's  good,  as  also  the  furthering  of  boards, 
nails,  and  two  carpenters  for  the  building  of  the  Company's 
v  126S.  D 


34  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

house  here  in  Maccasser,  if  you  think  to  have  their  goods 
secure  both  from  fire  and  thieves.  The  King  of  Maccasser  hath 
given  to  the  English  Company  32  great  8  squared  posts  of  a  great 
length,  to  build  their  house,  and  therefore  I  refer  it  to  your  good 
understanding  to  consider  what  a  thing  it  is  to  have  so  great  a 
charge  inclosed  with  bamboos,  which  will  last  but  one  year,  and 
subject  to  be  set  on  fire  with  every  spark.  Some  fifty  days  after 
vour  departure  with  the  Darling,  here  was  burnt  1,260  houses,  to 
my  great  fear  of  losing  of  all.  Here  is  provided  46  coyans  [?]  of 
rice,  but  keeping  it,  expecting  of  our  shipping  to  come,  it  lies  on 
our  hands  until  the  next  year,  to  the  loss  of  much  thereof;  for  per 
the  prime  of  February  all  merchants,  that  goeth  to  the  Molloccoes, 
is  provided,  and  after  that,  here  is  no  vent  for  rice.  Here  hath 
been  two  Dutch  ships  which  hath  laden  300  coyans  of  rice,  and 
landed  here  36  fardels  of  Corramandel  clothing.  The  13th  of  this 
present  departed  out  of  this  life  Samuel  Dennys.  I  do  intend, 
if  it  be  possible,  to  send  home  that  honest  man,  Francisco 
Campayo,  to  Bantam  then  you  may  understand  of  the  proceed- 
ings of  a  filthy  renegade,  and  what  it  is  to  leave  such  a  discon- 
tented fellow  in  a  strange  country  where  the  Company  hath 
trading,  he  not  being  brought  to  the  place  where  he  was  enter- 
tained according  to  his  agreement.  Philip  Badmedg  arrived  here 
the  20th  December  who  from  Succadana  did  embark  himself  for 
Bantam,  but  the  junk  not  able  to  fetch  it  up,  put  for  Greessed 
(Gressik)  and  from  thence  in  a  Macasser  junk  came  for  Mac-1 
casser.  Thomas  Brett  and  his  junk  arrived  safe  at  Succadana 
and  had  determined  a  voyage,  per  Sophony's  order,  for  Sambas. 
And  thus  at  present  not  having  further  time  to  enlarge,  wishing 
you,  as  to  myself,  all  happiness,  Vale. 

Kept  till  the  yth  May,  1614. 
The  copy  above  written  is  sent  in  a  Dutch  ship  called  the  Old 
Zealand  per  Jacob  Speck,  merchant,  since  which  time  here  hath 
little  passed  worth  the  noting,  save  only  I  must  relate  of  the 
infinite  abuses  passed  per  that  Francisco  Campayo,  the  Spaniard, 
which  was  here  left  per  Captain  Jourdain,  to  my  vexation  and 
much  grief,  to  be  abused  and  no  remedy,  this  lewd  and  riotous 
gamester  being  instigated  by  the  Hollanders  to  exclaim  of  our 
nation   and  Company  of  the  base  using  him,  which  I  with  much 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  3- 

patience  did  pray  him  oftentimes  to  take  heed  of  speaking  ill  of 
our  King's  Majesty  or  Company,  or  otherwise  it  would  redound 
to  his  disgrace  and  overthrow  to  use  any  such  speeches.  He  hath 
bad  all  our  power  to  do  their  worst,  for  were  not  the  Hollanders 
and  King  of  Maccasser  sufficient  to  maintain  him  in  whatsoever 
he  doth  in  this  place  ;  but  because  this  business  will  ask  some 
relation  at  large,  I  do  refer  you  to  the  Articles.     Vale. 

Kept  till  the  24th  May,  1614. 
The  19th  present  here  arrived  a  Dutch  ship  called  the  Grey- 
hound which  had  in  her  great  store  of  sandalwood,  and  hath 
sold  it  to  the  Chinese  for  100  rials  the  bahar.  The  22nd  present 
came  here  Mr.  Welden  from  Button  to  certify  me  of  what  passed 
in  his  voyage  this  year  at  Banda,  the  Bandanese  having  open 
wars  with  the  Hollanders,  and  much  grieved  that  the  English 
hath  forgot  them,  that  may  be  received  there  as  in  their  own 
country.  Mr.  Welden  had  thought  to  have  come  for  Bantam, 
but,  not  finding  a  speedy  passage  here  at  Macasser,  doth  here 
resolve  to  stay  till  this  monsoon  be  ended,  and  per  the  first 
change  of  the  winds  it  is  thought  fitting  by  him  and  myself  that 
he  with  one  or  two  Englishmen  shall  go  for  Banda.  Hoping  to 
have  a  present  supply  from  you  at  Bantam  in  the  same  monsoon. 

Geo.  Cokayne. 

P.S. — Mr.  Cokayne  was  so  sick  at  the  sealing  hereof  that  he 
was  not  able  to  come  from  his  bed,  etc. 


(2.) 

From  Richard  Welden  at  Maccasser, 
23rd  May,  anno  1614. 

|IND  Captain  Jourdain,  remembering  the  great  love  and 
kindness  that  I  have  received  from  you,  makes  me  bold 
to  write  these  few  lines  unto  you  acknowledging  and 
giving  thanks  for  the  same.  This  last  monsoon  I  set  sail 
from  Bottone  for  Banda,  where  when  I  arrived  and  had  made  sale 
of  such  things  as  I  had,  I  was  fully  resolved  to  return  for  Bantam, 

d  2 


36  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

because  there  was  then  this  ship,  the  bearer  hereof,  in  Banda, 
which  was  to  come  thither ;  whereupon  I  gave  my  prow  to  the 
Captain  of  the  Castle  and  went  aboard  the  ship  with  my  folk ; 
and  setting  sail  the  ship  was  to  touch  at  Bootone,  where  when  I 
came  I  was  put  from  my  foresaid  determination  by  reason  that  I 
found  a  young  daughter  which  I  was  unwilling  to  leave  in  the 
Moors  hands  to  be  made  a  Moor,  or  to  fall  as  a  slave  into  the 
King's  hands ;  where  also  I  heard  that  there  had  been  a  small 
English  ship,  but  had  neither  left  me  letter  nor  any  news  of 
anything.  But  afterwards  I  received  a  letter  from  Mr.  Cokayne, 
which  when  I  had  read  and  understood  the  state  of  things,  I 
stayed  no  longer  than  10  days  in  Bootone,  only  to  provide  some 
provisions  for  my  house,  and  came  to  Macasser,  where  I  now  am, 
and  mean  to  remain  for  a  time.  For  I  do  purpose  to  return  in 
haste  to  Bootone  and  fetch  all  that  I  have  to  Macasser.  For  the 
news  of  Banda,  only  this,  the  Bandanese  do  much  marvel  that  in 
so  long  a  time  there  have  come  no  English  shipping  there, 
protesting  if  they  come  they  will  live  and  die  with  the  English, 
for  now  all  the  Bandanese  hath  open  wars  with  the  Hollanders 
and  have  slain  many  of  them ;  wherefore,  if  you  please  to  send 
any  order  for  me  and  those  places,  I  rest  till  it  come,  or  if  there 
come  none,  at  the  first  of  the  next  monsoon  it  is  resolved  per 
Mr.  Cokayne  and  I,  that  at  the  turning  of  the  winds  to  send 
me  with  one  or  two  English  more  back  to  Banda  to  settle  some 
business  there,  hoping  that  you,  soon  as  possible  may  be,  will 
relieve  us  with  a  fresh  supply  in  the  same  monsoon.  And  so 
having  nothing  else  to  write  I  end,  leaving  you  to  the  protection 
of  Almighty  God. 

Yours 

From  Maccasser,  Rich.  Welden. 

this  23rd  May,  1614. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  37 

(3-) 
From  Robert  Larkin,  at  Succadana, 

10th  of  June,  1614. 

R.  JOURDAIN,  After  our  departure  from  Bantam  we 
had  indifferent  passage,  so  that  the  3rd  April  we 
arrived  in  safety  at  Soccodana,  but  could  hear  no  news 
of  the  junk  with  John  Williams  till  the  21st  May,  1614. 
But  you  will  marvel  why  I  should  stay  all  this  time  in  this  place, 
for  which  I  would  at  large  deliver  you  by  these,  but  that  this  bearer, 
Sophony  Cozuck,  can  resolve  you  of  all  particulars,  and  how 
I  found  them  indebted  to  the  Hollanders,  and  without  a  penny  in 
the  house,  yet  having  these  stones  sent  herewith  that  moved  my 
present  supply ;  also  considering  I  could  not  leave  them  so,  and 
haply  the  junk  might  be  at  Maccasser,  as  since  I  have  heard, 
expecting  daily  her  return ;  which  were  reasons,  with  a  great 
many  more,  of  my  stay  here  so  long ;  but  now  the  coming  of  the 
junk  I  find  no  ways  according  to  the  supply  sent  to  this  place,  for 
of  4,000  rials  ready  money  here  cometh  but  2,000  rials,  and  I 
understand  the  raw  silks  were  sold  at  great  rates  at  Maccasser  ; 
but  as  of  that,  so  the  ill  disposing  of  all  things  I  find  to  be  resting 
in  Maccasser.  What  benefit  will  arise  I  know  not.  John 
Williams  being  dead,  all  that  was  his  I  understand  is  delivered 
per  exchange  to  the  Hollanders  to  be  paid  in  Bantam ;  only  his 
writings,  sealed  as  they  be,  are  sent  herewith  so  that  I  am  forced 
to  break  that  small  stock  of  the  Darling's  to  supply  this  place,  for 
that  they  may  not  justly  (as  formerly)  complain  of  the  great 
hindrance  the  Company  have  had  for  want  of  monies.  And 
finding  wax  at  a  reasonable  rate  I  have  employed  of  our  stock 
290  rials  which  is  sent  herewith.  And  the  old  junk  not  able  to 
be  kept  longer  above  water,  I  was  forced  to  buy  a  new ;  so  that 
all  things  considered,  with  my  pretences  of  further  going  to  be  to 
little  purpose,  meeting  with  the  value  308  rials  of  gold  of  the 
deceased  Edward  Langley's,  I  am  not  so  unwise  but  to  take  that 
up  for  the  Company's  use,  to  right  myself  of  those  wrongs  which 
I  am  sure  the  Company  will  demand  at  my  hands.  And  now 
I  am  forced  to  send  you  an  untoward  spirit  whom  George 
Cokayne   allegeth    to    be   per    mc    sent    for,    because    upon   his 


0504 


38  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

exceeding  complaints,  I  writ  only  he  should  per  his  honest 
endeavours  prevent  his  harm  in  all  matters.  The  articles 
George  hath  drawn  against  him,  I  send  herewith,  although  his 
picture  to  yourself  is  best  known,  but  I  have  made  bold,  for  the 
Company's  use,  to  lighten  him  of  some  of  his  monies,  for  which 
I  have  given  my  bill,  which  I  entreat  you  to  pay  accordingly. 
And  touching  accounts  in  this  place,  I  have  sent  you  the  man 
and  them,  not  for  any  dishonesty  in  the  party,  but  for  that  it  is 
thought  so  most  fitting.  And  for  my  confederates  in  my  pre- 
tended voyage,  they  have  already  taken  up  their  rests  out  of  the 
wormeaten  vessel,  for  Nathaniel  Courthope  stays  in  Succadana 
with  such  goods  as  per  invoice  sent  per  this  bearer,  but  too 
tedious  to  send  herewith  all  reasons ;  as  likewise  that  Cassarian 
David  is  to  proceed  to  Sambas,  and  his  invoice  sent  herewith,  out 
of  all  which  you  may  perceive  what  monies  I  have  disbursed 
here ;  notwithstanding  I  want  not  an  assistant,  occasion  so  falling 
out,  whom  you  know,  Benjamin  Farie,  who  proceedeth  with  me 
to  Puttaney ;  and  I  hope  all  is  for  the  most  profit  and  credit  of 
our  employers.  The  Darling  complaineth  sore,  but  I  hope  to 
God  she  will  carry  us  well  to  Puttani,  and  further  tediousness  I 
omit.  But  I  wish  to  God  I  were  well  rid  of  my  captainship,  or 
the  Darling  a  sounder  vessel  to  carry  me  in.  So  in  haste,  with 
my  respective  love  and  commendations  to  Mr.  Ball  and  the  rest, 
I  cease. 

Yours  to  be  commanded, 

Robert  Larkin. 


(4.) 

From  Robert  Larkin,  at  Puttania, 
24th  of  July,  anno  1614. 

|R.  JOURDAIN,  From  Succadana  I  writ,  but  since 
that  my  usual  fortune  continueth,  so  that  I  met  with 
the  James  the  24th  June  and  I  may  say,  I  thank  God 
for  it,  that  the  Darling  hath  been  fortunate  to  all 
voyages  but  itself.  In  Puttania  we  arrived  the  29th  June,  but 
truly  the  reasons  being  not  small  with  the  passage   from  port  to 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  39 

port,  as  24  days  from  Bantam  to  Succadana,  and  25  days  from 
thence  to  Pattana,  was  the  occasion  I  arrived  not  here  sooner, 
but  had  I  so  early  [?]  in  this  place,  I  could  neither  have  laid 
forth  this  small  stock  in  silk,  or  ought  else  that  is  good,  nor  at 
such  prices  as  you  writ  of;  besides  856  rials  should  have  been 
paid  for  anchorage.  Think  but  what  monies  I  might  have  had 
left  to  have  employed  here  if  I  had  come  away  from  Maccassar 
before  the  arrival  of  the  junk,  considering  the  great  matter  I 
should  have  left,  besides  imprest  money  and  other  charges  paid 
forth.  So  this  in  brief  I  thought  good  to  acquaint  you  with. 
And  further  for  our  proceeding  here,  we  have  taken  in  the  goods 
of  the  James  and  now  bound  we  are  for  Siam,  finding  here  neither 
means  to  lay  out  our  money,  or  vent  for  our  cloth  such  as  we 
have  brought.  But  I  could  wish  we  had  all  those  shashes,  or 
that  per  the  next  conveyance  you  would  send  for  these  parts  the 
most  part  of  them,  both  fine  and  coarse,  whereof  I  know  to  be 
great  store  of  them  in  Bantam  and  there  not  vendible  ;  and  some 
part  of  the  finest  white  cloth  and  the  sort  of  cloth  which  is  for 
handkerchering  of  the  finest,  but  I  pray  forget  not  the  remem- 
brance of  this  extreme  charge  of  anchorage,  that  with  better 
advice  the  ships  may  proceed  for  these  parts,  wherein  you  may 
confer  with  Captain  Marlowe  of  a  place  called  Segora  (Sungora?) 
which  the  Flemings  make  use  of,  so  as  it  may  be  said  a  second 
Jaccatra.  I  have  great  encouragement  that  our  coarse  goods  will 
be  very  vendible  at  Siam  and  Camboja,  which  if  I  find  true,  I  shall 
if  possible  per  the  James  certify,  as  of  our  further  proceedings ; 
all  things  of  certainty  referred  till  our  arrival  at  Siam,  where  I 
refer  it  for  my  best  course  how  I  may  lay  out  our  monies  this 
year  to  be  with  you  and  that  to  some  purpose,  01  jointly  proceed, 
the  ship  being  so  able,  upon  the  former  course  of  the  Globe, 
which  I  have  understood  to  be  to  great  profit,  or  otherwise  as 
best  we  may  take  for  our  present  benefit.  And  to  digress  a  little, 
what  great  devil  possesseth  those  barking  dogs,  who,  in  my 
absence,  ceaseth  not  to  scandal  me  with  unjust  dealing  with  the 
goods  of  the  deceased  Sir  Henry  Middleton,  when  I  take  God  to 
witness  I  am  so  far  from  doing  wrong  both  in  thought  and  con- 
science that  I  would  willingly  rather  give  10/.  out  of  my  own 
means  therein  to  satisfy  my  ignorant  proceedings  than   to  gain  a 


4o  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

halfpenny;  but  if  you  will  prove  a  friendly  enemy,  still  them, 
for  perchance  they  think  they  please  you.  I  have  taken  order 
for  two  quilts  of  Puttania,  for  which  I  think  you  were  much  de- 
luded with  in  commending  thereof;  they  will  stand  you  in  about 
24  rials.  The  308  pieces  of  gold  I  had  at  Succadana,  being 
Jahore  (Jahor)  gold,  proves  much  short  here  of  so  many  rials  I 
writ  they  were  esteemed  at  ;  and  with  the  help  of  the  James's 
carpenter  we  are  so  encouraged  for  future  proceedings  with  our 
ship,  either  for  the  James's  business  or  our  own,  that  it  hath  caused 
the  taking  up  of  six  barrels  of  powder,  for  which  I  pray  let  Cap- 
tain Marlowe  be  satisfied  for  with  the  like  quantity  or  money. 
Notwithstanding  so  proceedings  may  fall  out,  it  may  be  wholly 
paid  for  out  of  their  voyage.  For  the  lead,  had  you  never  writ 
thereof  you  may  be  sure  it  had  not  been  forgotten,  but  let  the 
negligence  thereof  remain  to  the  faulty,  and  each  party  more 
heedful.  My  hopes  are  per  this  bearer  yet  more  at  large  to  write 
you  from  Succadana,  therefore  in  this  I  am  the  briefer  ;  but  I 
doubt  not  but  you  have  received  the  337  diamonds  and  wax  sent 
you  from  Succadania,  and  that  before  this  time  you  do  at  large 
understand  all  proceedings  there  effected  ;  and  so  with  my  heartiest 
wishings  and  commendations  to  all  friends,  I  cease. 

Yours  to  use, 

Robert  Larkin. 


(5-) 
From  Peter  Floris  and  George  Chauncey, 
at  Masulapatam,  the  10th  July,  anno  1614. 

|OOD  Masters  and  loving  friends,  As  unacquainted  I 
commend  me  unto  you  all,  etc.  You  may  have  heard 
of  our  determination  in  Potania  for  to  come  hither 
and  afterwards  of  our  good  arrival  per  the  James  of 
London,  who  departed  from  this  coast  the  7th  of  February  last. 
I  hope  she  is  well  arrived  at  Bantam,  in  good  time,  but  surely 
there  was  very  great  dissension  in  her.  I  pray  God  to  bless  her. 
This  present  shall  only  serve  to  advise  you  of  our  state  in  this 
place,  because  of  the  good  opportunity  which  is  offered  us  per 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  41 

this  ship  Dergoes.  So  first  and  formerly  you  shall  understand 
that  we  are  all  in  good  health  here,  except  five  persons  which  are 
departed  this  life  since  our  departure  from  Puttania,  of  which  the 
17th  June  past  died  Mr.  Thomas  Essington  who  was  our  captain. 
The  Lord  of  heaven  preserve  the  rest  to  His  glory  and  our  salva- 
tions, amen.  As  for  our  ship,  the  Globe,  she  is  at  present  in  the 
river  of  Yarsupurpeta  (Narsapur)  where  she  is  sheathed  from  the 
keel,  and  have  mended  many  faults,  so  that  now  per  the  com- 
pany's own  speeches  she  is  better  trimmed  and  a  far  better  ship 
than  when  she  first  came  out  of  England ;  we  have  made  a  new 
rudder,  for  the  old  was  very  much  eaten.  She  is  now  ready  and 
hath  nothing  to  be  done  only  but  to  bring  her  out  of  the  river, 
which  I  hope  will  be  in  a  short  time,  and  if  God  bless  us,  I  hope 
to  be  ready  per  the  first  of  September  next  for  to  set  sail  from 
hence  and  to  come  unto  you  for  Bantam,  and  so  to  take  our 
course,  with  the  help  of  God,  for  England.  And  now  whereas  I 
do  make  mention  to  come  first  for  Bantam,  the  reason  is  this, 
because  I  have  not  a  sufficient  stock  wherewith  I  might  lade  the 
Globe  for  home  from  this  place,  but  I  hope  to  have  a  parcel  of 
350  fardels  indigo,  and  about  the  same  quantity  of  white  yarn, 
and  some  few  packs  of  cloths,  all  which  will  not  be  able  to  lade  half 
our  ship  the  Globe,  therefore  we  must  come  for  Bantam  to  take 
the  rest  of  our  lading  in  pepper  or  any  suchlike  other  commodity. 
And  now  notwithstanding  I  have  understood  as  well  per  letters  of 
Mr.  Spalding  as  per  mouthly  report  of  Geo.  Chauncey,  and  seen 
per  their  accounts,  that  for  the  account  of  the  Globe  there  was 
left  in  the  hands  of  Mr.  Sheppard  the  sum  of  [blank]  rials 
32  pence,  with  our  order  to  be  employed  in  pepper,  and  to  send  it 
for  England,  but  if  there  were  no  place  in  the  ships,  that  then 
they  should  sell  the  pepper  and  keep  the  money  till  the  next 
spring  time,  and  to  employ  it  then  in  China  commodities,  which 
I  hope  that  no  ships  being  set  out  per  the  Company  should  have 
refused.  But  since  I  have  heard  that  (per  means  of  Sir  Henry 
Middleton)  that  same  money  was  stayed  and  not  employed  for 
that  year,  and  although  that  General  Best  hath  been  there  and 
laden  homewards,  yet  I  doubt  that  our  stock  of  the  Globe  is  yet 
left  at  Bantam  without  employment,  although  I  hoped  better  that 
it  should  have  been  employed  now  this  last  spring  because  of  the 


42  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

good  order  (left  per  General  Best)  as  per  report  we  have  heard, 
though  we  durst  neither  hope  so  well  nor  trust  to  the  contrary. 
Therefore  we  did  provide  such  quantity  of  cloths  and  agreed  with 
the  James  to  carry  them  to  Bantam  and  consigned  them  to  Adam 
Denton,  or  his  assigns,  and  that  especially  to  provide  us  with 
pepper  to  the  quantity  of  about  three  or  four  thousand  bags.  But 
since  the  departure  of  the  James,  arrived  here  this  Dutch  ship, 
Dergoes,  who  affirmed  that  General  Best  hath  united  all  the  three 
houses  into  one  and  under  the  government  of  one  head.  There- 
fore not  knowing  how  the  account  of  the  Globe  stands,  so  well  of 
the  money  left  there  per  Mr.  Spalding,  also  of  the  cloths  sent  with 
the  James,  therefore  is  now  my  earnest  entreating  unto  you,  the 
chief  of  the  united  houses,  as  also  to  them  with  whom  had  the 
money  or  goods  so  long  in  keeping,  that  you  will  have  a  care  to 
provide  us  a  parcel  of  pepper  about  4,000  bags,  and  if  possible  it 
is,  to  barter  them  against  the  cloths  sent  in  the  James.  If  not, 
to  do  the  best  you  can,  and  if  it  should  happen  that  the  James 
was  not  arrived  there  (which  God  forbid),  and  that  the  monies 
were  employed  in  other  commodities,  that  then  you  would  take 
the  same  quantity  upon  your  own  credits,  to  be  paid  at  our 
coming  thither,  which  shall  be,  with  the  help  of  God,  [in]  Novem- 
ber next.  Now  the  reason  why  we  write  so  much  about  it,  is  only 
that  I  am  afraid  it  will  be  late  in  the  year  before  we  can  get  home, 
and  to  stay,  with  a  small  company  long  at  Bantam  (if  a  man  can 
prevent  it)  is  not  fit  neither.  Therefore  it  is  my  opinion  to  have 
the  pepper  ready  at  my  coming  thither,  and  to  make  a  short 
despatch  from  thence.  And  it  may  be  you  shall  buy  the  pepper 
at  a  better  or  lower  price  before  our  coming,  than  at  our  arrival ; 
therefore  I  pray  you  have  this  in  fresh  remembrance.  Then  you 
shall  do  the  Company  great  service  and  me  especial  great  friend- 
ship, for  the  which  I  think  myself  very  much  beholden  unto  you, 
and  am  willing  and  ready  to  acknowledge  it  as  occasion  shall 
serve.  In  the  meantime  if  you  will  have  any  service  at  my  hands 
I  pray  you  make  bold  to  use  me.  News  we  have  but  little  here. 
The  8th  June  I  received  a  letter  from  Surat  of  Mr.  Tho.  Aid- 
worth's,  who  writ  me  but  shortly  and  that  they  were  in  good 
estate,  and  was  providing  himself  against  September  next ;  then 
he  did  expect    shipping    out   of    England,  having  before  sent  a 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  43 

messenger  per  way  of  Persia  for  England.  I  have  answered  his 
letter  so  that  I  hope  to  have  his  answer  again  before  we  depart 
from  hence.  This  year  there  are  eight  ships  come  from  China 
and  arrived  in  Goa,  which  makes  all  goods  to  stay  at  a  very  low 
price,  and  little  appearance  to  rise  this  two  years.  I  send  you  a 
price  current  of  the  principal  goods  as  they  are  sold  here,  but  in 
small  request.  We  have  had  a  happy  journey  to  be  here  so  soon 
before  the  Dutch  ships,  and  the  arrival  of  the  Portugal  ships  in 
Goa,  or  else  we  had  got  but  a  poor  market.  I  willingly  would 
have  writ  to  the  right  worshipful  Company  at  large  of  our 
estate,  but  because  it  is  per  a  Dutch  ship  I  dare  not  trust  too 
much  to  my  pen,  albeit  that  the  director  of  Vanburchen  hath 
promised  me  to  send  it,  but  passed  his  word  that  it  shall  be 
delivered  unto  you  without  opening,  because  I  have  done  so  much 
for  his  sake  in  bringing  a  letter  from  Patania  unto  him  in  like 
manner.  Wherefore,  if  you  have  occasion  to  write  home,  you 
may  advise  the  right  worshipful  Company  of  our  estate.  And  so 
not  having  at  present  to  enlarge  these,  then  with  my  commen- 
dations I  leave  you  to  the  protection  of  God  Almighty,  who 
send  us  well  to  you  and  grant  us  happy  meeting. 

The  ship  Dergoes  hath  stayed  here  so  long  till  this  [  ] 

Chauncey  to  Narsapurpeta  to  see  the  ship,  the  Globe,  come  over 
the  bar,  but  because  [  south  ?]  winds  there  is  but  small 

hopes  to  come  over  the  bar  because  of  the  great  [  ]  that 

runs  upon  the  bar.  I  am  afraid  it  will  be  late  in  September 
before  she  comes  in.  Therefore,  I  pray  to  remember  my  request, 
because  I  am  afraid  that  it  will  be  late  before  we  come  to  Bantam. 
1  have  received  a  letter  from  Visapur  (Bijapur)  with  advice  that 
there  are  two  English  ships  at  Surat,  and  that  the  Viceroy  of  Goa 
armed  him  very  strongly,  but  to  what  intent  the  Lord  knows.  I 
hope  within  this  ten  days  to  have  an  answer  of  Mr.  Aldworth 
from  Surat,  and  to  hear  certain  news.  I  pray  you,  if  possibly 
you  can,  to  provide  us  with  some  four  or  five  tons  of  casks  for 
water,  because  our  cask  are  very  naught.  I  shall  think  me  very 
much  beholden  to  you  etc.     Vale. 

Your  loving  friends, 

Peter  Williamson  Floris, 
George  Chauncey. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


(6.) 

From  John  Gourney,  Adam  Denton,  William  Shcppard  and 
Thomas  Brockedon,  from  Pottania  the  28th  of  July,  1614. 

OVING  Friends  Captain  Jourdain  and  Mr.  Richard 
Cobb,  Our  arrival  to  this  road  was  upon  the  last  of 
June,  in  company  of  the  Darling,  which  overtook  us 
three  days  before.  We  have  here  landed  forty  bales 
and  a  half  of  sundry  sorts  of  goods,  and  laden  the  rest  upon  the 
Darling;  with  which  we,  John  Gourney,  William  Sheppard, 
and  Thomas  Bmrkedon  are  presently  to  depart  for  Siam,  leaving 
here  Mr.  Adam  Denton,  chief,  and  John  Johnson  to  assist.  From 
Siam  we  make  account  to  certify  of  our  hopes  there  and  purpose 
with  the  Darling,  concerning  the  agreement  for  which  is  referred 
until  our  coming  thither.  The  disputes  we  have  had  here  with 
the  Orancayas  (that  rule  under  the  queen)  in  our  vain  practice 
to  save  the  great  present  of  72  taels,  which  is  856  rials,  at 
present  in  goods  to  be  given  amongst  them,  and  the  custom  yet 
not  cleared  is  cause  that  as  yet  no  sales  have  been  made  ;  but  we 
hope  it  will  do  indifferent  well  with  the  time.  We  greatly  hope 
that  you  will  have  fitted  pepper  for  the  goods  we  left  with  you  ; 
and  for  the  better  despatching  in  the  James  her  full  lading  we 
send  you  3,000  rials  by  the  captain,  which  we  have  borrowed  of 
Captain  Larkin  to  be  repaid  at  Syam ;  and  more  you  are  to 
receive  423^  rials  in  Bantam,  of  which  106  of  Richard  Westby 
and  317^  rials  of  a  Guzerat,  per  virtue  of  the  bills  and  order 
which  herewith  I,  Thomas  Brockedon,  do  send  you.  And  if, 
contrary  to  our  hopes,  the  former  goods  and  these  3,423^  rials  do 
not  reach  to  the  despatch  of  the  James,  then  our  desire  is  that 
you,  Captain  Jourdain,  do  furnish  the  want,  to  be  answered  in 
money  or  employment,  to  be  provided  for  you  from  hence,  either 
in  silks  or  what  you  shall  crave  by  your  letters.  The  white  Cabas 
which  you  have  with  you  at  Bantam  would  vend  here ;  the  mere 
prices  of  them  is  referred  to  be  certified  by  me,  Adam  Denton, 
with  the  ship,  this  bringer  having  more  time  than  we  by  practice 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  45 

to  come  to  the   true  knowledge   thereof.      And  so   for    further 
referring  you  to  what  shall  be  certified  from  Syam,  rest 

Your  loving  friends, 

John  Gourney, 
Adam  Denton, 
William  Sheppard, 
Thomas  Brockedon. 


(70 
From  Geo.  Cokayne,  at  Macassar,  the  17th  July,  1614. 

ORSHIPFUL  and  loving  friends,  The  last  I  sent  to 
Bantam  bearing  date  the  24th  of  May  last  per  Hans 
de  Hans,  per  the  instigation  of  Richard  Welden  I 
wrote  that  I  did  mind  to  send,  at  the  first  change  of 
the  winds,  along  with  him  to  Banda  one  or  two  men  upon  such 
good  reasons  as  he  did  show.  Since  which  time  I  am  otherwise 
resolved  not  to  do  anything  without  sufficient  warrant  from  those 
authorized.  Moreover  it  is  not  for  our  Honourable  Company 
their  credit  to  settle  factories  and  then  to  supply  them  with 
junks  and  prows ;  although  their  gains  might  be  much,  the  dis- 
grace will  be  more.  Because  of  the  great  quantity  of  cloth  that 
yearly  might  be  sold  here  in  Maccasser  if  it  fits  for  the  country, 
I  thought  it  not  amiss  to  acquaint  you  with  the  sorts  as  the 
particulars  here  enclosed  doth  appear.  I  have  had  good  sales  for 
cloth  within  this  twenty  days  and  sold  of  all  sorts  some.  Red 
Sealas  are  all  sold  at  33  rials  the  corge.  Most  of  the  cloth  which 
came  from  Potanya  is  sold.  Here  will  be  little  spice  this  year 
bought,  to  make  any  return,  because  all  men  were  taken  short 
with  wind  and  lost  their  voyage.  The  Chauters  of  Agra  and  fine 
baftas  nyll  doth  not  here  vend  ;  I  would  they  were  at  Amboyna 
and  Banda,  for  all  Surrat  clothing  is  there  in  request.  I  am 
informed  that  the  people  of  Longoe,  Cambello  and  Lassiddie  hath 
great  store  of  cloves,  which  they  will  not  sell  to  the  Hollanders, 
expecting  the  English  this  next  monsoon,  although  they  have 
earnestly  looked  for  the  return  of  Captain  Jourdain.  The  great 
timbers  which  the   King   gave  to  our    Company  to    build  their 


46  EAST  INDIA    COMP.iXY\S  RECORDS 

house,  he  hath  brought  them  into  our  ground  ;  therefore,  either 
by  ship  or  junk,  fail  not  but  let  a  good  quantity  of  inch  boards 
and  nails  be  sent,  for  truly  the  goods  cannot  be  secure  in  this 
fashion  ;  the  which  I  cannot  remedy  without  means  sufficient. 
Mr.  Robert  Larkin,  when  he  was  in  place,  wrote  that  there  should 
all  necessaries  for  such  a  business  be  sent  as  the  last  monsoon, 
but  since  that  time  I  hear  nothing  thereof,  &c.  The  Hollanders  this 
last  year  had  sent  a  great  quantity  of  boards  to  build  a  great  rice 
house  that  will  hold  400  coyans.  I  do  not  mind  to  buy  any  rice 
this  year,  for  that  which  was  bought  the  last  year,  with  keeping 
it  still  expecting  shipping  to  come  and  came  not,  is  great  part  of 
it  lost,  for  that  the  houses  was  not  of  force  to  bear  so  great  a 
weight  so  long  time.     I  beseech  the  Almighty  to  bless  you. 

Postscript. — The  red  yarn  left  here  per  John  Parsons  I  cannot 
sell  at  any  reasonable  rates.  We  are  all  in  good  health,  God  be 
praised  for  it. 

The  God's  Gift  departed  from  hence  the  10th  May  for  Succa- 
dania  with  Francisco  Campayo  in  her,  in  the  charge  of  Francis 
Kelly,  Benjamin  Farie  and  John  Darby,  to  be  delivered  to  the 
English  President  in  Bantam. 

Yours, 

George  Cockayne. 


143 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham,  in  Edo  cr  elsewhere. 
Firando  i-n  Japan,  the  12th  of  May,  1614. 

R.  WICKHAM,  I  have  wrote  you  divers  letters  since 
your  departure  from  hence,  but  received  none  from 
you,  but  only  one  from  an  island  near  Shimeneseak 
(Shimenoseki).  Presently  upon  your  departure  Cap- 
tain Adams  hath  writ  me  three  or  four,  and  in  his  last  from  Edo 
advised  you  were  sick  of  an  ague,  which  was  the  occasion  you 
could  not  write.  God  send  you  and  the  rest  their  healths.  I 
writ  you  my  opinion  in  a  former  that  I  would  not  wish  you  to 
stand  upon  small  matters,  but  sell  as  you  could,  neither  to  stay 
there    but  leave    matters   with    Signor   Andrea    or   some    other 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  47 

assured  friend,  and  so  come  for  Firando.  For  if  you  have  a  mind 
to  go  for  Syam  I  will  not  be  your  hindrance,  &c.  The  bearer 
hereof  Duzak  Skidoyemon  Dono,  brother-in-law  to  Yasimon 
Dono  (alias  Zanzebar)  desired  me  tc  write  unto  you  in  respect 
he  and  other  cavaleros  his  friends  determine  to  buy  some  quantity 
of  broadcloth  yet  desire  to  have  it  as  good  cheap  as  we  can  afford 
it,  which  I  pray  you  let  them  have,  or  rather  better  cheap  than 
others,  for  that  they  are  our  friends  whom  we  are  daily  beholden 
unto  etc.  I  hope  you  make  sales  as  time  will  afford,  for  the 
sooner  the  better,  that  we  may  employ  our  small  stock  we  have 
for  the  best  benefit  of  our  employers.  Ed.  Sayer  arrived  here 
yesternight  from  Faccatay  (Fukuoka)  and  brought  me  such 
money  as  he  had  received  at  Tushma,  which  God  knoweth  is 
but  little,  he  not  having  sold  one  yard  of  English  cloth,  neither 
all  his  pepper.  He  left  John  Japan  with  his  host  at  Faccatay 
to  see  to  the  business  in  his  absence ;  and  this  morning  I 
have  sent  him  back  again,  with  order  that  if  he  see  no  hope 
of  despatch  of  his  commodities  within  eight  or  ten  days 
that  then  he  shall  return  for  Firando  with  the  rest  of  his 
cargazon.  I  hope  the  Emperor  have  taken  the  ordnance,  powder, 
and  such  other  commodities  as  were  sent  for  him,  only  Captain 
Adams  hath  writ  me  he  refused  most  part  of  the  broadcloth  was 
sent,  in  respect  it  was  moth-eaten.  Mr.  Nealson  hath  him  com- 
mended unto  you.  He  and  I  are  so  busy  about  our  building 
that  we  have  small  pleasure,  having  above  100  men  daily  at 
work,  but  I  hope  it  will  not  last  long.  On  Sunday  night  last 
our  kitchen  was  set  on  fire,  and  so  burned  our  new  gates  and 
gatehouse,  but  was  soon  quenched,  God  be  praised  for  it.  The 
loss  will  not  be  above  8  or  10  taels,  &c.  I  daily  expect  Captain 
Adams  to  look  out  about  a  junk.  News  we  have  none  but  that 
many  soldiers  are  sent  out  of  Firando  and  as  it  is  said  go  for 
Arima,  but  for  what  intent  I  know  not.  George  the  Portugal 
returned  for  Firando  the  4th  current.  His  wife  was  brought  to 
bed  of  a  boy  the  night  before  he  came.  Well  fall  (or  fare)  an  old 
knocker.  And  so,  with  hearty  commendations  to  yourself  with 
the  rest  of  our  friends,  I  remain, 

Your  loving  friend, 

Richard  Cocks. 


4S  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

144 

William  Eaton  to  Richard  Wickham,  in  Edo,  Shrongo  or 

elsewhere. 

In  Osakey  the  12th  of  May,  1614. 

OVING    Friend    Mr.  Wickham,   I   commend   me   unto 
you  etc.     You    shall    understand  that  my  last  letters 


unto  you  was  the  one  of  the  20th  and  the  other  of  the 
21st  ultimo,  enclosed  in  a  letter  to  Captain  Adams, 
in  which  my  said  letters  I  wrote  you  at  large  of  all  matters  that 
had  here  passed  to  that  present ;  not  doubting  but  that  you  have 
received  them  long  before  this,  whereunto  I  refer  me.  Since 
which  time  I  have  not  sold  nor  cannot  sell  anything  but  only  the 
pepper  which  I  had  here,  the  which  I  sold  for  65  mass  the  pecul, 
being  but  a  poor  price  ;  more  I  could  not  get  for  it.  Broadcloth 
I  cannot  sell  any  at  no  rate  as  now,  in  that  all  the  gentlemen 
that  would  buy  cloth  are  there  at  Edo,  which  is  the  cause  a 
merchant  will  not  once  look  of  a  piece.  I  wish  with  all  heart 
that  all  we  have  here  in  this  country  were  sold  ;  there  is  great 
store  both  at  Meaco  and  especially  at  Sackey  and  to  mend  the 
matter  the  young  King  of  Ferrando  brought  thither  of  Captain 
Brower's  cloth  to  the  quantity  of  30  cloths,  the  which  he  took  of 
him  to  make  money  of  for  his  journey  to  Edo.  Those  the  one 
half  he  sold  to  the  merchants  of  Sacay,  some  at  11,  12  and  13 
taels  the  mat ;  the  other  he  pawned  for  money  he  took  up  at 
interest.  I  wish  they  had  been  in  the  bottom  of  the  sea  before 
he  brought  them  thither  ;  for  they  are  and  will  be  a  great  hind- 
rance in  the  sale  of  ours.  I  understand  in  Mr.  Cocks'  letter  that 
vou  were  sick,  which  was  the  cause  you  did  not  write  him,  the 
which  I  am  sorry  to  hear.  I  pray  God  send  you  and  every  one  of 
us  our  health,  and  that  for  present  being  in  haste  I  end,  com- 
mitting you  and  your  affairs  unto  the  protection  of  the  Almighty 
God;  resting 

Your  loving  friend  to  command, 

William  Eaton. 


%&? 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  49 

145 

Remembrance  or  commission  for  Captain  John  Jourdain 

and  Richard  Cobb. 

Bantam,  the  1st  of  June,  1614. 

APTAIN  JOHN  JOURDAIN  and  Richard  Cobb,  being 
that  it  is  resolved  upon  that  the  James  is  insuffi- 
cient to  make  the  full  progression  of  her  projected 
voyage  and  that  the  goods  here  landed  hath  not  found 
sale  this  unseasonable  time  of  our  being  here,  whereby  to  secure 
by  us  her  lading  of  pepper  against  the  next  harvest.  The  invoice 
which  herewith  is  delivered  you  will  show  you  the  contents  of 
each  bale,  and  under  which  the  sorts  being  severed  and  a  valua- 
tion made  appears  little  more  or  less  what  the  same  may 
yield,  and  being  that  the  best  time  for  vent  is  shortly  to  be,  I 
doubt  not  but  you  will  make  the  best  use  thereof  as  is  fit,  always 
remembering  that  by  all  September  the  Hollanders  according 
to  use  will  bring  store  of  Java  wares  from  the  Coast,  and  the 
Globe  no  doubt  will  shortly  after  bring  some.  And  because 
sundry  of  the  sorts  being  Malaya  ware  and  more  proper  and 
profitable  at  the  Moluccos  than  here,  and  that  trade  by  the 
English  is  in  use  there ;  rather  therefore  than  that  the  same 
should  hinder  the  despatch  here  of  the  rest  in  due  time,  it  would 
no  doubt  be  very  to  the  worshipful  our  masters  that  you, 
Captain  Jourdain,  in  whom  our  chief  trust  is,  do  according  to 
our  former  conference  pass  over  such  ware  to  that  trade,  accord- 
ing to  the  value  here,  and  furnish  the  value  in  pepper  for  the 
James.  Some  money  or  pepper  we  aim  to  send  back  from 
Patania  but  it  is  to  be  feared  will  not  prove  much,  being  that 
the  ship's  charges  will  amount  to  a  great  sum ;  and  as  for  the 
500  rials  by  the  Captain  for  the  ship's  use  and  also  the  50  rials 
received  by  me  to  defray  charges  here,  our  necessity  you  see 
urgeth  patience  till  means  happen  whereby  to  clear  it. 

Your  loving  friends, 

John  Gourney, 
Adam  Denton, 
William  Sheppard, 

Thomas  Brockedon. 
Y  1268.  E 


So  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

I46 

William  Eaton  to  Richard  Wickham. 

In  Osacay  the  3rd  of  June,  1614. 

|OVING  friend  Mr.  Wickham,  I  commend  me  unto  you 
etc.     Your  letter  of  the  26th  of  April  at  my  being  in 
Meaco  I  received  the  17th  ultimo,  whereby  I  perceive 
that  as  then  the  bark  that  hath  your  goods  was  not 
there  arrived,  which  I  am   sorry  for,  in  that  it  will   be  a  great 
hindrance  unto  you  in  the  sale  of  your  broadcloth.     For  without 
all  doubt  the  Dutch  taking  that  opportunity  hath  put  away  great 
store  of  their  cloth,  as  you  write  me,  to  the  value  of  400/.  sterling  ; 
but  I  think  at  a  poor  rate,  as  well  as  he  that  is  here  doth,  he  not 
refusing  any  reasonable  price  for  any  of  his  cloth  being  never  so 
fine  and  good,  which  is  indeed  far  finer  and  better  than  ours,  withal 
being  well  sorted  with  colours  which  is  a  great  help  unto  him 
in  the  sales  thereof.     You  write  that  if  you  had  known  the  bark 
would  have  stayed  so  long    by  the  way,  that    then  you  would 
have  sent  for  those  black  cloths  which  I  had  here,  not  doubting 
but  to  have  sold  them  to  the  noblemen  and  their  servants ;  the 
which  I  wish  you  had  done,  but  now  I  have  sold  them  with  all 
the  rest  that  I  have  here,  but  only  two,  a  Venice  red  and  a  gallant 
colour ;  which  two  cloths  I  cannot  sell  at  any  reasonable  rate, 
being  colours  here  not  in  request.     Those  cloths  which  I  have 
sold  I  was  forced  to  put  away  at  a  poor  rate,  in  that  the  Dutch 
sold  so  good  cheap.     Some  I  sold  for  115  mass  the  matt  and  some 
at  114  and  113  mass.     Likewise  I  have  put  away  all  my  pepper 
at  6^  taels  the  pecul,  and  all  my  allejas  at  15  mass,  saving  two 
pieces  and  my  cassidie  nills  at  26  mass  per  piece  ;  only  I  have 
six  pieces  [of]  it  remaining  unsold.     As  for  the  rest  of  the  India 
commodities  I  cannot  here  sell  a  piece.     The  powder  I  had  here 
I  have  sent  it  back  to  Firando  ;  and  for  my  lead  I  do  purpose 
to  send  it  you  by  the  first  bark  that  cometh  thither  from  hence. 
For  here  it  will  not  sell  and  there  I  make  account  you  may  put 
it  away,  as  I  understand  by  Captain  Adams'  letter,  who  writeth 
that  the  Emperor  hath  bought  all  you  had  there  for  6  taels  the 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  51 

pecul  and  likewise  all  that  the  Dutch  hath  at  Firando  at  the 
aforesaid  price,  so  as  there  is  no  doubt  but  that  you  may  there 
sell  it.  I  received  a  letter  from  Mr.  Cocks  the  2nd  present 
and  one  for  yourself,  the  which  here  inclosed  I  have  sent  you. 
He  writeth  me  how  that  we  had  like  to  have  a  shrewd  mischance 
in  that  our  house  was  on  fire,  the  kitchen  I  mean,  but  praised  be 
God  did  no  more  harm  but  burn  the  water  gate  which  was  newly 
made.  I  do  propose  to  go  for  Firando  within  these  20  or  30 
days  at  the  furthest,  God  willing.  So  if  you  have  any  occasion 
to  send  for  any  broadcloth  or  any  other  commodities  which  I 
have  here,  you  are  best  to  write  to  my  host  in  Japan,  whom  I 
will  give  order  unto  to  send  you  anything  you  shall  write  for.  I 
have  sent  to  Firando  for  more  broadcloth,  for  I  have  no  more 
at  present,  but  only  two  as  aforesaid.  Mr.  Peacock  hath  him 
commended  unto  you  in  a  letter  I  received  from  him  the  2nd 
ultimo,  being  dated  in  Langasacka  the  19th  of  May.  Thus  for 
present,  not  knowing  anything  else  to  write  you  of,  but  commit- 
ting you  to  the  protection  of  the  Almighty  God,  who  I  beseech 
to  prosper  and  bless  you  in  all  your  affairs  and  proceedings  ; 
resting 

Your  loving  friend  to  command, 

William  Eaton. 


147 

Richard  Cocks  to  William  Adams  in  Edo  or  elsewhere. 

Firando  in  Japan,  the  5th  of  June,  1614. 

APTAIN  ADAMS,  my  last  unto  you  was  of  the  12th 
ultimo,  sent  per  Duzak  Skidoyemon  Dono,  Yasimon 
Dono's  brother-in-law.  Since  which  time  your  letter 
dated  in  Edo  the  27th  of  April  came  to  my  hands  in 
Firando  the  27th  of  May  following.  I  was  right  glad  to  hear  of 
your  good  health,  but  sorry  to  understand  of  the  long  tarrying 
of  our  goods.  I  pray  God  that  the  negligence  of  that  dreaming 
fellow  John    Phebe   be   not   the   occasion.     Once    it    is   a   great 

E  2 


52  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

hindrance  to  the  Company  our  broadcloth  was  not  vented  this 
winter ;  so  many  cavaleros  being  at  court  could  not  have  wanted 
to  have  carried  all  away.  And  I  am  afeard  that  Captain 
Brower's  cloth  he  sent  hence  the  last  of  April  will  come  to  serve 
the  market  at  Edo  before  ours ;  which  if  it  so  fall  out,  you  may 
easily  guess  what  a  scandal  it  will  be  unto  us,  ours  departing 
hence  so  many  months  before  it.  I  would  to  God  ours  had  gone 
overland  all  with  you  and  Mr.  Wickham  ;  but,  for  me,  I  had  no 
insight  into  times  and  seasons.  I  am  informed  that  Toba,  the 
place  where  our  goods  have  lain  windbound  so  long,  is  within 
two  or  three  days  journey  of  Edo  or  Shrongo  per  land.  I  marvel 
Mr.  Wickham  had  not  put  you  in  mind  to  have  conveyed  our 
goods  overland  at  first,  costa  que  costa ;  but  now  it  is  too  late,  I 
doubt  to  our  everlasting  scandal.  For  if  we  stay  seven  years 
more  in  Japan  we  shall  never  have  the  like  time  to  have 
vented  our  cloth  as  at  this  general  assembly  of  the  nobility. 
Old  Foyne  Same  is  very  sick.  It  is  thought  he  will  not  escape 
it,  for  the  physicians  have  given  him  over.  He  told  me  it  was 
the  Emperor's  mind  that  our  colours  (or  flag)  should  be  taken 
down,  because  it  had  a  cross  in  it ;  and  to  this  day  it  was  not  set 
up  again.  I  perceive  per  Mr.  Wickham's  letter  that  Tome  Same 
and  Oyen  Done  are  very  earnest  to  have  money  before  we  can 
receive  it,  and  that,  in  place  of  1,000  taels  I  promised  to  lend 
them,  they  demand  2,000.  Indeed  I  said  I  was  content  to  let 
them  have  more  if  we  could  spare  it ;  but  I  think  we  cannot,  and 
therefore  they  must  pardon  us.  God  grant  they  will  be  as 
forward  to  repay  it  when  it  shall  be  demanded.  I  have  been 
much  tormented  with  an  ague,  which  after  turned  into  extreme 
aches  in  my  bones  in  all  parts  of  my  body,  so  that  I  had  thought 
I  should  have  lost  the  use  of  my  limbs  and  was  become  a  very 
cripple ;  but  I  praise  God  it  is  now  something  assuaged,  and  I 
mean,  God  willing,  four  or  five  days  hence  to  go  to  the  hot 
baths  at  Yshew  (Ikshiu)  an  island  of  Nobisana's  whither  Signor 
Yasimon  Dono  will  accompany  me.  Our  house  is  now  in  a 
good  forwardness,  but  hath  cost  care  [or  caro] .  And  so,  in 
haste,  I  rest 

Your  ever  loving  friend, 

Richard  Cocks. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  53 

I48 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham  in  Edo. 

Firando  in  Japan  the  5th  of  June,  1614. 

R.  WICKHAM,  my  last  unto  you  was  of  the  12th 
ultimo  sent  per  Duzak  Skidoyemon  Dono,  since  which 
time  yours  of  the  26th  of  April  in  Edo  came  to  my 
hand  in  Firando  the  27th  of  May  following,  with 
another  from  Captain  Adams.  I  was  glad  to  hear  of  your  good 
health,  for  that  Captain  Adams  had  formerly  advised  you  were 
sick.  Yet  it  gave  me  little  content  to  understand  that  the  bark 
which  carried  our  goods  was  not  arrived  at  Edo  at  the  date  of 
your  letter.  Truly  I  cannot  be  persuaded  but  there  is  some 
legerdemain  in  the  matter,  and  I  rest  doubtful  of  that  dreaming 
fellow  Phebe.  Once  we  shall  never  have  such  a  time  offered  to 
sell  our  English  cloth  if  we  stay  in  Japan  seven  years,  per  means 
of  the  assembly  of  those  cavaleros  to  build  the  castle ;  for 
Mr.  Eaton  writeth  me  that  merchants  buy  nothing,  only 
cavaleros  carry  all  away.  I  understand  that  Toba  is  not  above 
two  or  three  days  journey  from  Edo,  where  our  goods  have  lain 
windbound  so  long.  I  wonder  that  you  had  not  put  Captain 
Adams  in  mind  long  since  to  have  used  means  to  have  got  our 
broadcloth  and  other  vendible  matters  transported  overland  to 
Edo,  whatsoever  it  had  cost,  matters  standing  as  they  do. 
Truly  I  doubt  it  will  be  an  everlasting  testimony  attributed  to 
our  slothfulness  in  general ;  and  I  am  of  opinion  that  Captain 
Brower's  broadcloth  which  he  sent  from  Firando  the  last  of  April 
to  be  conveyed  from  Ozekey  overland  to  Edo  will  come  to  serve 
the  market  before  ours,  which  if  it  so  fall  out  what  a  shame  will 
it  be,  for  I  can  do  no  more  than  I  have  done,  for  I  gave  every 
order  to  sell  away  as  time  served,  accounting  all  well  sold  that 
is  sold  at  what  price  soever.  I  know  not  of  what  else  to  write, 
but  long  to  hear  of  some  sales  and  that  the  Emperor  hath  taken 
the  ordnance  and  other  matters.  I  perceive  how  forward  Tome 
Same  and  Oyendono  are  to  finger  money  before  we  can  receive 
it.     I  pray   God   they  will  be  as  hasty  to  repay  it  at  the  time 


54  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

appointed.  I  promised  them  but  a  thousand  taels  absolutely, 
making  a  caveat  to  let  them  have  more  if  we  could  spare  it,  so 
that  I  may  allege  matter  enough  to  put  them  off  with  that. 
Brower  [?]  was  crafty  to  put  them  off  with  commodities.  I  wish 
we  had  taken  that  course  too,  but  now  we  must  do  as  we  may. 
I  have  been  troubled  with  an  ague  which  turned  to  extreme  pains 
in  my  limbs,  so  that  I  verily  thought  I  should  have  lost  the  use 
of  them  and  become  a  very  cripple ;  but  I  praise  God  I  am  now 
a  little  better  and  mean  to  go  for  the  hot  baths  at  Yshew  four  or 
five  days  hence.  For  now  our  house  is  in  a  good  forwardness, 
and  you  shall  find  your  lodging  in  better  order  than  it  was  at 
your  departure  from  hence.     And  so  I  rest, 

Your  loving  friend, 

Richard  Cocks. 


149 

Benjamin  Farie  to  John  Jourdain  [at  Bantam] . 

Succodana,  this  nth  June,  1614. 

ORSHIPFUL  Captain  Jourdain,  I  commend  my  love 
unto  you.  Sir,  it  shall  be  needless  to  write  to  you  in 
particular  touching  the  business  in  Mocasser,  for  that 
Mr.  Cokayne  hath  writ  to  you  at  large  touching 
our  proceedings.  Only  this  I  thought  good  to  advise  you,  that  in 
our  return,  not  being  able  to  fetch  Banda,  we  put  into  Buttowne, 
there  to  rest  ourselves  where  we  were  earnestly  sued  unto  by  the 
[Dutch  ?]  to  relieve  them  with  monies,  being  in  great  m  [isery  ?] , 
wherewith  we  [supplied  ?]  them,  viz.,  288  rials  of  eight  out  of 
the  [  ]  and  812  rials  of  Mr.  John  Williams  which  was  to 

have  [been  repaid  ?]  us  accordingly  per  exchange  in  Mocasser, 
and  at  our  coming  [thither  ?]  the  factory  there  not  being  fur- 
nished with  money  to  pay  [  ]  hath  written  their  letters, 
as  also  a  copy  of  the  bills  [  ]  to  the  president  in  Bantom 
for  the  performance  hereof,  per  the  [  ]  a  ship  of  Holland. 


EAST  INDiA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  55 

Wherefore    pray  receive    it    accordingly.      The  8th  of  May  we 
departed  from  Mocasser  with  that  scand  [alous  ]  Fran- 

ciscoe,  which  was  received  into  favour  with  Mr.  Cokayne  [pre- 
sently ?  ]  your  departure  for  his  prompt  understanding 
and  good  action  there,  in  whose  regard  he  remained  some  five 
months  ;  since  which  time  [  ]  brabbling  and  contention 
hath  grown  between  them  upon  frivolous  [  ] ,  which  for 
brevity  I  here  omit  to  insert.     This  Franc  [iscoe  hath]  not  ceased 
to  report  to  the  King  of  Moccascer,  as  also  to  all  [  ] 
Christians  and  heathens  which  would  lend  an  ear  to  his  false 
reports,  that  you  with  the  consent  of  me  hath  taken  out  of  the 
cargo  of  cloves  laden  aboard  the  Darling  for  the  right  worshipful 
our  [masters'  ?]  account  some  20  bahars  of  cloves  and  from  him- 
self [                   ] ,  which  is  the  cause  that  moved  you  to  leave  him 
in  Moccasser  [knowing  ?]  well  that  if  he  should  have  proceeded 
for  Bantom  he  [would  have?]  acquainted  the  general  therewith 
accordingly,  [                           ]  he  hath  written  to  the  General  and 
Company  in  [                        ] .     The  21st  of  May  we  arrived  in  the 
road  of  [                ]  Captain  Larkin  in  the  Darling  with  [             ] 
being  with   all   the    rest   of  the  Company  in   good   health  and 
[                      ]  our  arrival  here,  Captain  Larkin  having  had  some 
conf  [erence  with]  this  scandalous  villain  he  told  him  that  it  was 
not  for  any  [                    ]  of  his  in  the  carriage  of  the  Company's 
business  made  you  leave  him,  but  fear  that  you  had  of  him  that 
he  would  [                    ]  your  private  trade  and  the  account  of  the 
pootoes.     Also  I  can  do  no  less  than  advise  you  of  the  scandalous 
reports  of  John  Daie  towards  you  in  your  absence  [          ]  Succo- 
dana,  viz.  that  you  of  purpose  put  by  this  place  in  the  Darling, 
not  being  minded   to   touch  here,  howsoever  you  made  a  show 
outwardly;  also   much   given   to   drink,    a   subverter   of  youth, 
wishing  us   in  Mocasser  to  use  one  woman  no  more  than  one 
night,  for  that  there  was  more  pleasure  in  change,  which  you 
gave  example  accordingly.     These  with  many  more  reproachful 
speeches    I    have    heard    credibly   reported    here   in  Succodana 
should  proceed  from  him  [                ]  this  scandalous  [villain  ?]  is 
to  come  for  Bantom  [                    ]  I  [                    ]  forbear  to  write 
further  of.     Sir,  it  hath  pleased  Captain  Larkin  to  take  me  along 
with  him  in  the  Darling  for  Pottania.     Wherefore  I  pray  receive 


56  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

such  letters  as  shall  come  out  of  England  for  me,  with  what  else, 
and  to  send  it  with  all  convenient  speed  for  Pottania.  And  for 
that  I  have  been  out  of  England  a  long  time,  not  having  received 
any  wages  or  means  to  maintain  myself,  more  than  20  rials  from 
the  worshipful  our  General  before  my  departure  from  Poolapanjon 
(Pulo  Pandjang,  in  the  Bay  of  Bantam),  for  which  monies  I 
having  given  a  receipt  to  Mr.  Williams,  the  General  calling  for 
me  speedily  before  I  could  put  up  my  money,  I  left  it  in  the 
charge  of  Mr.  [  ]  until  I  went  to  know  the  General's 

pleasure,  who  played  it  away  at  dice  before  my  return,  which 
monies  I  am  likely  to  lose  without  your  greater  friendship  shown 
me  herein ;  and  now  having  met  with  Captain  Larkin,  of  whom 
I  have  requested  some  monies  in  part  of  wages,  who  saith  it  is 
not  in  his  power  to  pay  me  any,  for  that  you  have  the  order  from 
General  Saris  to  pay  [  ]  third  part  to  every  factor  of  his 

wages.  Wherefore  I  pray  stand  my  friend  and  send  me  means 
or  to  take  order  that  I  may  have  as  [mo]  st  of  the  factors  hath.  I 
pray  let  it  not  seem  harsh  [  ]  regard  I  have  not  solicited 

you  with  letters,  for  you  shall  [  ]  presently  after  your 

departure  in  the  Darling.     By  Breams  [  ]  dispeeded 

away  to  Lombasson,  some  ten  leagues  to  the  northwards  from 
Moccasser,  not  having  language  nor  man  of  trust  about  me,  yet 
it  pleased  God  to  favour  my  proceedings  that  I  had  bought  and 
shipped  for  Moccasser  per  the  fine  of  October  37  coyan  of  rice 
which  cost  with  all  the  charges  of  boat  hire  and  porterage  20  rials 
the  coyan,  which  now  is  likely  to  be  consumed  with  weevils. 
There  was  paid  to  all  the  sailors  of  the  God's  Gift,  except  John 
Darby,  two  months  wages  and  to  Romsie  four  months.  Thus 
desiring  God  to  add  a  blessing  to  your  proceedings,  I  take  my 
leave,  being  desirous  to  hear  from  you, 

Yours  to  command, 

Benjamin  Farie. 


EAST    INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  57 


150 

Nathaniel  Courthope  to  Captain  John  Jourdain  [in  Bantam] . 
The  14th  of  June,  1614. 

JAPTAIN  JOURDAIN,  my  commendations  remembered 
unto  you.  These  are  to  certify  unto  you  that  the 
second  day  of  April  last  [we]  arrived  in  the  road  of 
Soccadania,  finding  there  Mr.  Sophony  [Mr.]  Greete 
and  John  Clough  with  much  contention  betwixt  them,  [in  such  ?] 
sort  that  absolutely  they  would  not  upon  any  terms  stay  longer 
together,  and  not  hearing  any  news  of  the  junk  [  ]  Mr. 

Williams,  upon  a  council  held  here  by  the  Captain  [and]  rest  of 
the  factors,  doubting  of  the  junk  coming  in,  it  [was]  agreed  that 
myself  should  stay  in  this  place  but  [since  my  ?]  arrival,  upon 
Mr.  Sophony's  and  Mr.  Greet's  extraordinary  [  ]  Captain 

Larkin  sent  Mr.  Sophony,  Richard  Newell  and  [one]  man  more 
up  the  river  of  Landucke  in  a  small  prow  with  4  [of  the  ?  or  o] 
blacks,  thinking  to  settle  a  factory  in  the  said  place.  [But  they] 
were  repulsed  by  the  Dieackes  and  so  returned  without  [  ] 

of  the  Landucke  men.     So  their  persuasions  being  still  [  ] 

to  send  and  make  another  trial  with  more  strength,  [  ] 

Mr.  Sophony  and  seven  Englishmen  more  and  seven  blacks  went 
[  ]  time,  all  of  us  escaping  a  miraculous  danger  as  Mr. 

Sop[hony]  will  certify  you  at  large ;  and  the  first  of  June  we 
returned.  The  junk  arrived  in  this  place  with  Francis  Kelly  and 
[Benjamin]  Farie  from  Macasser,  Mr.  Williams  being  dead 
[  ]  taking  out  the  goods  which  were  for  this  place 

]  all  the  money  that  the  silk  and  [  ] 

chest  of  money  which  was  for  this  place  [  ]  eight. 

Sir,  these  are  further  to  let  you  understand  your  porcelain  will 
not  sell  for  half  the  money  it  cost  at  Bantam  ;  beside  I  have 
not  received  the  supplement  [you  ?]  maketh  mention  of  by  600 
pieces,  I  think  the  fault  [  ]  the  masters,  for  that  I  believe 

they  were  sent  ashore  at  Ban  [tarn]  amongst  the  Company's.  I 
have  not  as  yet  sold  any  of  [them]  and  for  your  sugars  they  are 
much  hurt  by  the  cockroaches ;  for  your  rack  the  Captain  had 


58  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

it  for  the  ship's  use,  paying  me  one  rial  a  jar,  being  as  much  as 
it  would  yield  in  this  [place  ?] ;  but  assure  yourself  I  will  do  my 
best  in  the  sale  thereof  [as]  soon  as  I  can.  Yet  although  I  have 
not  sold  any  of  [  ]  have  paid  out  of  my  own  money  to 

Sophony  the  [  ]  rials  of  eight  which  you  willed  me  to  pay  him. 
Receive  of  Mr.  John  Parsons  five  rials  of  [eight  I]  have  lent  him 
for  his  needful  use,  which  [  ]  a  note  of  his  hand  here 

enclosed  for  the  payment  [  ] .     Thus  praying  you  by  the 

next  supply  for  [  ]  us  these  commodities  as  in  the  next 

side  [  ]  are  vendible  in  this  place.     Captain  [  ] 

this  place  towards  Potany  the  gth  of  [  ]  Cassarian  is  to 

go  for  Sambass  [  ]  praying  to  God  for  your  good 

health  [  ]. 

[  ]• 

These  are  the  cloths  vendible  in  this  place  and  the  prices  that 
they  will  yield  here  and  the  quantity  we  desire  to  have  sent. 

[  ]  gugeratt  5  corge  worth  here 

Dragons  a  good  quantity  worth  here 
Popolungs  a  good  quantity  will  sell  at 
Chindes  some  2  corge  at  . 
Loyonge  some  10  pecul 
Tapesererasses  very  fine  some  3  corge  will 

sell        .         .         .         .         . 
Fine  gobersaresses  will  sell  for 
Tapes  Challie  Cuttans  4  corge  will  sell  at 
2  elephants'  teeth 

Likewise  I  pray  send  me  some  6  pieces  of  chowtars  for  shirting 
for  myself. 

Your  loving  friend  to  his  power, 

Nathaniel  Courthope. 


rials  madins 

01     24  per  piece 

02     00 

>> 

02     00 

ft 

06     00 

f> 

02     00 

j) 

08     00 

>t 

03     00 

tt 

EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  59 

151 

Peter  Floris  to  Mr.  Tho.  Aldworth  at  Surat. 
Mislopatan  (Masulipatam),  June  the  17th,  1614. 
OOD  Mr.  Thomas  Aldworth,  I  commend  me  unto  you, 
etc.     Your  letter  dated  the  10th  of  May  in  Baroche 
(Broach)    I   received  here  the   7th  of  June  with   the 
musters  of  indigo,  wherefore  I  very  kindly  thank  you, 
as  also  for  the  very  good  correspondency  you  do  offer  to  me.     I 
expect  the  Company's  business  will   go   the   better  forward    by 
keeping  a  good  intercourse,  whereunto  you  shall  find  me  every 
time  ready,  and  so  let  this  suffice  your  mind.     And  now  whereas 
you  send  me  those  two  musters  of  indigo  in  my  judgment  but 
nought  and  dear,  I  do  send  you  three  musters  of  indigo  bought 
by  me,  or  rather  bargained  for  several  goods,  a  parcel  of  80  candy, 
wherein  are  those  three  sorts  mixed  together.     Of  the  first  sort 
there  may  be  about  half,  and  so  of  the  two  other  sorts  every  a 
quarter.     Cost  in  bartering  80  pagodas  which,  being  reduced  into 
our  money  and  weight,  will  come,  with  charges  and  all,  i2d.  the 
pound,  being  in  my  opinion  better  cheap  than  you  write  of.     And 
because  you  do  write  that  the  occasion  of  your  going  to  Baroche 
was  to  buy  fine  linen  and  cotton  yarn,  therefore  I  do  send  you 
several  musters  from  the  finest  to  the  coarsest,  thereby  that  you 
may  perceive  of  the  difference  of  the  prices   betwixt   here  and 
there  ;  and  I  pray  you  let  us  have  your  advice  upon  the  yarn. 
My  advice  is  that  the  coarser  or  the  common  sort  will  sell  the 
better  and  in  greater  quantity  with  better  profit  than  the  finest 
sort ;  yet  I  do  intend  to  have  of  every  sort  a  parcel  and  hope  to 
have  here  about  200  fardels  of  yarn,  and  every  fardel  of  about 
150  lb.  or  thereabouts,  and  about  300  packs  of  indigo  of  the  same 
weight,  which  shall  serve  for  homewards ;  the  rest  in  fine  Bengala 
cloth  and  a  parcel  of  painted  cloths  of  several  sorts.     I  do  not 
see  how  the  fine  calicoes  can  give  great  profit,  but    the  indigo 
and  yarn  according  to  instructions  I  hope  will  give  no  less  than 
six  or  seven  for  one.     Mr.  Gourney  had  a  great  opinion  of  these 
two  sorts  of  merchandise ;    how  it  shall  fall  out  the  time  shall 
learn  it.     Upon  the  17th  of  May  departed  this  life  Mr.  Thomas 
Essington,  who  was  our  Captain  and  merchant,  whereby  I  have 


6o  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

lost  [  ]  help  and  assistance,  but  what  shall  we  do  [ 

Mr.  John  Skinner  as  master  of  the  ship  with  full  [autho]  rity 
[  ]  come  hither.     The  ship  is  now  trimmed  [ 

the  [  ]  of  Yarspur  (Narsapur)  and  hope  within  this  month 

[  ]    [s]  he  shall  come  [her]  e  and  I  hope  to  be  r  [ead]  y  in 

August  [or  at  ?]  the  utmost  half  September,  to  set  sail  for 
Bantam  and  so  [to  Eng  ?]  land.  If  you  have  any  service  or  letters 
to  send  we  very  [  ]  will  do  the  best  we  can.     Here  is 

arrived  a  [Dutch]  ship  from  Bantam  the  24th  of  November  last, 
who  brings  [news  that  ?]  the  General  Best  was  there  a-lading  the 
Dragon  and  Osiander  for  homewards  bound,  and  the  Darling  was 
ready  to  follow  the  Dutch  ship  within  five  or  six  days.  The 
Dutch  ship  tells  that  she  was  bound  here  for  this  coast  but  she 
doth  not  yet  come.  I  rather  believe  that  she  is  bound  for  Surat, 
albeit  it  troubleth  me  much,  seing  that  in  May  she  was  not 
arrived  there.  I  pray  God  preserve  her  from  mischance.  There 
was  no  news  from  home  because  there  was  not  yet  arrived  any  ships 
neither  English  nor  Dutch.  The  Trades  Increase  is  wholly  over- 
thrown and  have  sold  part  of  her  ordnance  to  the  Dutch,  a  pitiful 
matter  to  see  such  a  princely  ship  in  [  ] .     The  General 

Best  hath  done  a  worthy  matter  at  Bantom.  There  hath  been 
three  houses  of  the  English  in  great  dissension  the  one  against 
the  other,  which  the  General  hath  united  and  hath  set  an  agent 
to  overlook  the  rest ;  surely  a  great  piece  of  service  which  will 
redound  to  his  credit  and  the  Company's  profit. 

Yesterday  arrived  here  a  fellow  who  calleth  his  name  John, 
saying,  he  come  sent  from  you  with  letters  from  Sir  Thomas 
Smith  our  Governor,  brought  by  land,  and  that  he  hath  been 
but  thirty  three  days  from  you,  or  the  next  day  that  you  did  send 
your  letter  per  this  peon  ;  and  coming  to  Barampur  (Berhanpur), 
in  company  of  a  certain  English  merchant  John  Bednall  and  one 
Thomas  Lock  with  one  Frenchman,  whom  he  did  leave  at 
Barampur,  and  this  John  coming  from  Barumpur  towards 
Bagnagar  (Bisnagar)  was  robbed  by  the  way,  by  his  own 
report,  of  a  camel,  a  horse,  six  fine  cloths,  a  hundred  pagodas 
in  money,  and  other  apparel.  So,  coming  to  Coulas,  he  did 
send  back  two  servants  for  Barampur  and  one  for  Surat,  but 
he  himself  came  to  Bagnagar,  where  he  did  meet  with  a  certain 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  6r 

gentile,  being  a  goldsmith,  an  old  acquaintance  of  mine,  who  did 
take  him  into  his  house  and  did  write  me  of  it  what  is  passed 
with  this  John ;  whereupon  I  did  answer  him  that  he  would  do 
the  best  to  send  him  hither  to  me  and  I  would  pay  the  charges, 
and  withal  I,  thinking  him  to  be  an  Englishman,  I  did  send  two 
peons  to  accompany  him ;  but,  after  he  arrived  here,  I  did  per- 
ceive that  I  was  cozened  and  that  coun  [terfeited  ?]  himself  to 
have  been  a  servant  of  Mr.  Hawkins  [an]  d  that  [he]  hath  been 
employed  by  you  to  carry  letters  [  ]  and  knowing  most 

of  all  the  [names  of  the  ?]  English  [in  that  ?]  quarter  I  almost 
should  have  b  [elie]  ved  him  b  [ut]  I  [  ]  faults  ;  that  is,  that 

he  saith  he  is  come  two  [days  after  ?]  your  letter  of  the  ioth  of 
May ;  by  the  which  [  ]  have  been  but  32  or  33  days  from 

Surat  [  ]  himself,  but  now  to  the  contrary  by  my  letter 

[written  by  ?]  my  friend  from  Bagnagar,  as  also  by  the  reckoning 
of  the  days,  he  hath  been  at  least  26  or  27  days  that  he  arrived 
first  at  Bagnagar  ;  how  is  it  then  possible  that  he  should  come  in 
32  days  from  Surat  ?  And  because  you  do  write  me  nothing  of  his 
proceedings  I  dare  hardly  trust  him.  Notwithstanding,  because 
he  tells  me  that  the  English  merchants  from  Barampur  will  be 
here  within  this  ten  or  twelve  days,  I  have  been  content  to  write 
Attmachan  and  Malicktosuer  in  Bagnagar  in  his  behalf,  to  see  if 
they  can  get  his  stolen  goods  again,  albeit  I  do  believe  there  is  no 
such  matter.  In  the  mean  time  I  shall  stay  him  here  till  other 
news  ;  and  if  there  come  none,  I  shall  thrust  him  out  of  doors. 

Whereas  you  write  me  that  I  ought  (owed)  you  48s.  for  port 
of  the  letter  with  robbing  of  the  peon,  and  that  you  willingly 
would  have  the  same  employed  in  small  diamonds  or  a  couple  of 
rubies  ;  but  assure  yourself  they  are  so  dear  that  I  dare  not  buy 
any.  The  reason  is  that  the  ship  of  Arachan  is  not  arrived  this 
year.  Wherefore  I  do  send  you  the  foresaid  48s.  in  gold  and 
have  delivered  the  peon  8^  pagodas  which  is  12  rials  or  48s.  I 
hope  that  he  can  keep  the  same  secret.  So,  not  having  at 
present  else  wherewith  to  enlarge,  but  with  my  commendations 
unto  you,  I  commit  you  to  the  protection  of  the  Almighty.  From 
Mesalapatan  the  17th  June,  1614. 

Your  loving  friend, 

Peter  Floris. 


62  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


152 

William  Eaton  to  Richard  Wickham  in  Edo. 
In  Ozacay,  the  17th  of  June,  1614. 

OST  loving  and  kind  friend  Mr.  Wickham,  I  commend 
me  unto  you,  etc.  Your  two  several  letters  of  the 
22nd  ultimo  and  the  3rd  present  in  Edo  I  have 
received,  the  one  of  the  5th  present  by  the  Dutch 
Juribasso  and  the  other  at  present  by  your  servant  John  Phebe. 
By  which  your  said  letters  I  understand  of  all  matters,  as  also 
how  that  you  are  in  hope  to  put  away  all  the  black  cloth  you 
have  at  120  mass  the  fathom,  and  have  written  me  to  send  you 
as  many  of  my  black  cloths  as  I  could  spare.  At  present  I  have 
not  any,  having  sold  all  I  had,  as  I  wrote  you  the  3rd  present,  by 
the  conveyance  of  a  servant  of  Semidona's ;  not  doubting  but 
that  you  have  received  the  said  letter  before  this  time.  Some  of 
the  said  cloths  I  sold  for  115  mass  the  fathom  or  matt's  length, 
and  others  for  114  and  113  mass  per  matt.  Also  I  have  sold  all 
my  pepper  at  6£  taels  the  pecul ;  and  likewise  all  my  allejas,  saving 
three  or  four  pieces,  at  15  mass  per  piece,  and  most  part  of  my 
cassidie  nills  for  26  mass  per  piece  ;  being  very  poor  prices.  But 
yet  I  am  glad  they  are  sold  away,  although  at  so  bad  a  rate  ;  for 
I  think  if  they  were  to  sell  now,  I  should  not  get  so  much  for 
them,  being  commodities,  as  all  our  India  goods  are,  not  here  in 
request.  I  wish  all  I  have  and  all  that  you  have  were  sold  at  no 
worse  prices,  etc.  I  have  written  to  Mr.  Cocks  for  more  black 
cloths  some  twelve  days  past,  both  for  the  furnishing  of  you  and 
myself,  hoping  within  these  20  days  to  be  provided  both  for 
myself  and  you ;  so  as  until  then  I  do  purpose  to  detain  your 
servant  John  Phebe  here,  unless  Captain  Adams  at  his  coming 
hither  do  counsel  me  to  the  contrary  ;  whose  coming  I  do  daily 
expect  and  purpose,  God  willing,  to  go  with  him  for  Firando. 
So  as  if  you  have  occasion  to  write  for  anything,  either  to  our 
Captain  or  myself,  you  were  best  to  direct  your  letters  to  my  host 
with  whom  I  will  leave  all  matters,  both  for  the  sending  of  any 
goods  I  have  unto  you,  which  you  shall  write  for,  as  also  for  the 
conveyance   of  your    letters   to    Firando.     In    my  last    letter    I 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  63 

sent  you  thereinclosed  a  letter  from  Mr.  Cocks  etc.  ;  both  of 
Mr.  Peacock's  I  have  received,  and  yours  I  will  send  you  by 
J  [ohn]  Phebe  etc.  And  thus  for  present,  not  knowing  anything 
else  to  write  you  of,  in  haste  I  end,  committing  you  and  your 
affairs  unto  the  protection  of  the  Almighty  God,  resting 

Your  loving  friend  to  command, 

William  Eaton. 


153 

Thomas  Brockedon  to  Sir  Thomas  Smith. 
Patani  this  23rd  of  July,  1614. 

flGHT  Worshipful,  my  humble  duty  remembered  etc. 
May  it  please  you  to  understand  that  through  the 
death  of  our  factor  it  pleased  our  council  to  make 
choice  of  me  to  assist  in  your  Worship's  business  in 
Pettepoly  (Petapoli),  wherein  I  employed  myself  to  do  the  Wor- 
shipful Company  the  best  service  I  could,  as  my  account  I  hope 
will  testify.  And  now,  having  great  want  of  factors,  necessity 
caused  my  stay  in  the  country  to  assist  in  the  business,  hoping 
that  my  proceedings  will  cause  your  Worship  to  have  a  good 
opinion  of  me,  which  if  I  could  obtain  I  should  think  myself  very 
happy.  Your  Worship  knows  my  small  wages,  neither  do  I  seek 
any  way  to  encroach  on  the  Worshipful  Company,  but  wholly 
relying  on  your  Worship's  good  favour  do  wholly  refer  myself  as 
your  Worship  shall  think  I  may  deserve.  My  humble  suit  unto 
your  Worship  at  this  present  is  that  if  my  father,  Robert 
Brockedon,  should  send  unto  your  Worship  for  fifty  pounds  that 
you  would  be  pleased  to  send  him  the  same,  I  have  due  unto  me 
from  the  purser's  book  about  [  ]  and  10/.  due  from  the 

sailors,  the  which  or  so  much  out  of  my  wages  [  ]  may 

be  sent  [  ]  will  ever  acknowledge  myself  to  be  bound  in 

all  duty  unto  your  Worship  for  so  great  benefits  received.     Now 
concerning  our  proceedings,  it  hath  hitherto  been  carried  in  that 


64  EAST  rKDIA    COMPAXY'S  RECORDS 

cross  manner  by  the  indiscretion  and  ill  carriage  of  our  com- 
manders that  the  business  hath  been  greatly  endamaged  thereby  ; 
for  first  by  oversight  we  lost  our  monsoon  for  the  Coast,  by  which 
means  the  making  of  two  returns  was  overthrown.  The  great 
loss  that  must  needs  redound  thereby  your  Worship  can  best 
judge.  The  occasion  thereof  the  master  layeth  on  the  captain 
and  the  captain  on  the  master ;  the  truth  must  be  decided  at 
return.  As  concerning  the  captain's  carriage,  it  hath  been  in  that 
manner  that  it  would  be  thought  to  proceed  of  malice  to  describe 
the  same  (from  which  I  know  myself  to  be  free).  For  first  at 
Bantam,  having  lost  the  first  opportunity,  neglecting  also  the 
enquiry  what  was  best  to  be  done  to  obtain  the  Coast,  being  told 
that  the  Flemings  had  formerly  gotten  their  passage  through  the 
straits  of  Malacca,  and  now  a  ship  ready  to  go  that  way  was 
ready  to  depart,  he  only  seeking  to  wreak  his  own  malice  by  dis- 
gracing the  merchants  and  domineering  (continually  ashore) 
captain-like  never  enquiring  the  means  aforesaid,  goes  through 
the  straits  of  Sunda ;  whereby  we  lost  our  passage,  and  the 
Hollanders  got  to  the  market ;  losing  thereby  at  least  six  months 
to  the  [  ] .     Again  at  Masulpatam,  renewing  his  old 

quarrels  with  the  merchants,  and  lying  always  ashore  to  show  his 
greatness,  seeing  he  could  not  have  his  own  will  took  another 
house  for  himself  and  his  trumpeters  and  such  as  pleased  him, 
raising  thereby  a  needless  charge  of  at  least  500  rials  of  8.  What 
hurt  he  otherwise  did  by  his  merchandising  and  how  he  disgraced 
our  nation,  such  as  were  resident  there  can  best  certify  your 
Worship,  being  a  general  custom  amongst  captains  to  account  all 
other  men  base,  and  that  it  is  their  due  to  devour  all  the  best  in 
the  ship.  The  steward's  account  of  wine  &c.  sent  home  will 
show  that  the  captain  hath  drank  and  misspent  more  than  all  the 
men  of  our  ship  ;  whose  example  and  want  of  government  hath 
caused  such  disorder  and  drunkenness,  both  of  the  master  and 
most  part  of  the  rest,  that  the  like  I  think  hath  seldom  been 
seen.  I  refer  the  particular  discourse  of  his  perverseness  and 
insufficiency  to  those  that  return  ;  assuring  myself  it  will  be 
proved  worse  than  I  am  able  to  express.  For  I  protest  I  do  not 
know  wherein  he  hath  furthered  your  Worships'  business  in  the 
least  degree,  but  rather  hath  been  a  hinderer  of  it.     The  master 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  65 

his  carriage  under  such  a  commander  I  need  not  relate,  being 
well  known  unto  your  Worship,  captains'  absolute  authority  binds 
men's  tongues  from  speaking  as  they  ought,  for  their  maxim  in 
captainship  is  to  make  use  of  authority  and  vaunt  to  answer  all 
things  at  return.  Thus  being  loth  to  be  further  troublesome  unto 
your  Worship,  with  my  prayers  to  Almighty  God  for  your 
Worship's  prosperous  health  and  our  happy  proceedings,  I 
humbly  rest 

Your  Worship's  ever  bounden  in  all 
duty  to  be  commanded, 

Thomas  Brockedon. 
Your  Worship  shall  further  understand  that  the  24th  ditto 
about  10  of  the  clock  at  night,  one  of  our  men  was  slain  by 
Mr.  Dennis,  master  his  mate,  with  a  knife,  being  all  drunk.  The 
like  uproars  hath  twice  been  since  our  arrival,  for  swords  and 
pikes  were  drawn  in  the  night,  wherein  Mr.  Gourney,  Captain 
Larkin  and  his  merchant  had  like  to  have  been  slain  ;  he  com- 
mending them  for  it  and  saying  they  did  the  parts  of  honest  men, 
the  captain  passing  all  things  slightly  over,  fearing  I  think  to 
punish  them,  which  makes  them  to  run  headlong  into  these 
mischiefs ;  for  this  same  night  also  a  knife  was  drawn  on 
Mr.  Gourney  by  one  of  his  trumpeters,  and  he  being  called  by 
Mr.  Wotton  to  remedy  the  same  refused  to  rise,  whereupon  partly 
by  means  of  the  same  this  mischance  happened. 


154 

Captain  Robert  Larkin  to  Sir  Thomas  Smith. 

In  Pattania  the  24th  of  July,  1614. 

IGHT  Worshipful,  my  humble  duty  remembered.  My 
last  was  with  the  Clove  per  General  Saris ;  therefore  I 
doubt  not  that  your  Worship  long  before  this  under- 
standeth  how  [  ]  altered  the  former  pretended 

voyage   of  the    Darling   for   the  Coast  and  dispeeded  myself  in 
her    upon    a   new  voyage    for   Succadana,    Pattania   and    Siam. 

Y    1268.  r. 


66  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

But  it  pleased  God  I  came  fortunately  to  relieve  that  factory  of 
Succadana,  which  I  found  indebted  to  the  Hollanders  and  in  a 
poor  beggarly  estate,  per  reason  of  the  junk  we  dispeeded  from 
Bantam  [  ]  for  that  place,  not  [  ]  fetching  it, 

did  first  touch  at  Macassar,  to  which  place  it  was  likewise  bound, 
but  it  should  have  been  after,  as  per  the  commission  given  con- 
cerning those  businesses  declared.  But  I  think  they  sold  their 
silks  at  very  good  [rates  ?J  as  I  understood  at  the  arrival  of 
the  junk  from  thence  to  Succad  [ana] ,  being  in  the  time  of  my 
stay  there.  Which  reason  being  not  able  to  go  further  unto 
Bantam,  I  was  forced  to  buy  a  new ;  which  happily  fell  out  that 
I  so  lighted  upon  one  which  I  have  good  hope  will  do  your 
Worships  great  service ;  yet  cost  it  under  seven  score  rials  of 
eight  per  which  I  sent  for  Bantam  22  peculs  and  88  [?]  catties  of 
wax,  and  337  diamonds  weighing  119  carats  \\  and  I  hope  the 
wax  being  bought  at  that  reasonable  rate  as  that  wax  will  more 
than  double  the  money  at  Bantam.  I  supplied  likewise  the 
factory  at  Sambass,  of  which  place,  although  I  cannot  yet  give 
your  Worships  any  certain  [  ]  of  [profit  ?]  yet  have  I 

very  great  hopes ;  for  surely  the  Hollanders  would  never  have 
maintained  a  16  persons  till  their  misdemeanours  put  them  out, 
had  they  not  found  its  sweetness.  But  of  this  place  your  Worships 
shall  better  understand  from  Bantam.  After  settling  of  business 
at  these  places  of  Succodania  and  Sambasse,  we  set  sail  the 
[25th  ?]  of  June  1614.  But  before  I  proceed  any  further  I  am  to 
acquaint  your  Worships  that  [  ]  from  Sophony 

Cozucke  and  [  ]   Landock,  and  what  offer  the  chief  there, 

coming  to  Succodania,  had  made  them;  [touching]  which  I  think 
your  Worships  are  not  without  the  like  advice,  therefore  the  more 
brief.  I  am  bold  to  acquaint  you  that  in  the  time  of  my  stay  in 
Succodana  I  twice  made  trial  up  that  river,  proceeding  so  far  till 
even  at  the  place,  where  our  people  found  nothing  but  treachery 
and  returned  with  the  loss  of  two  blacks.  Had  [I  come?]  away 
and  not  performed  my  endeavours  in  these,  I  daresay  there  would 
have  been  such  clamours  that  my  esteem  would  have  been  such 
as  not  deserving  the  title  of  your  Worships'  servant ;  and  my 
opinion  is  that  these  trials  have  been  such  and  so  sufficient  that 
you  need  not  to  make  any  further  conclusions  thereof.     Notwith- 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  67 

standing,  I  have  sent  the  draft  of  the  river  with  these,  which  is 
upwards  of  100  leagues,  because  I  know  you  will  not  want  great 
inducements  thereunto.  Leaving  which  to  your  Worship's  best 
consideration,  we  proceeding  to  Pattania  met  with  the  Ja[mes 
to  ?]  them  [falling  ?]  very  luckily,  although  as  usual  not  to  your- 
selves. So  arrived  [  ]  in  Pattania  the  29th  of  June, 
where  we  found  no  vent  for  our  Surat  cloth,  nor  China  wares  to 
lay  out  our  money,  but  have  stayed  all  this  while  upon  the  James' 
business,  and  have  taken  in  all  her  goods  bound  for  Siam,  where 
I  understand  will  be  good  vent  for  our  cloth,  or  Camboja  which 
is  near  thereunto,  and  because  I  hope  we  shall  be  able  to  dispeed 
back  our  lading  time  enough  to  return  with  these  before  the 
James  shall  have  trimmed. 

I  am  the  bolder  thus  in  brief  to  write,  and  entreat  your 
Worship's  pardon  if  I  fail  in  what  I  ought ;  but,  God  willing,  I 
shall  not  fail  in  what  I  am  able.  For  indeed  it  had  been  no  small 
grief  unto  me,  my  ignorantly  having  to  do  with  part  of  the  goods 
of  the  deceased  Sir  Henry  Middleton,  which,  being  mixed  with 
your  Worships',  I  could  not  well  tell  how  to  sift 
[Conclusion  illegible] 


155 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham  in  Edo. 
Firando  in  Japan.     1614  July  the  25th. 

R.  WICKHAM,  your  two  letters  of  the  26th  of  May 
and  3rd  of  June  in  Edo  came  to  my  hands  in  Firando 
the  20th  of  July  per  our  friends  Captain  Adams  and 
Mr.  Eaton.  The  contents  I  have  perused  and  have 
not  time  at  present  to  write  you  at  large,  by  means  of  the  sudden 
departure  of  this  bark,  wherein  I  send  John  Phebe  with  a 
cargazon  of  nine  broad  cloths  and  eighteen  pieces  of  allejas 
packed  up  in  six  chests  &c,  number  as  appeareth  per  invoice  sent 
hereinclosed.     So  now   with  grief  of  mind  I  write  unto  you  of 

f  2 


68  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

the  ill  hap  and  death   of  our  friend,  Mr.  Tempest    Peacock  in 
Cochin  China,  where  he  arrived  in  safety,  as  the  Dutch  did  the 
like,  and  sold  their  goods  to  the  king,  who  gave  order  they  should 
come  to  his  city  of  Miaco  to  receive  payment,  but  forestalled  them 
and  set  upon  them   in  their  return,  and  killed  all  that  were  in 
company,  both  Dutch,  English  and  Japans  their  followers.     But, 
as  it  is  reported,  Walter  Canvarden  was  left  aboard  the  junk  and 
so  escaped,  yet  search  was  made  there  for  him,  and  whether  he  be 
alive  or  dead,  God  he  knoweth,  or  what  part  of  our  commodity  was 
left  aboard  the  junk ;  for  out  of  doubt  Walter  was  not  left  there 
for  nothing,  and  amongst  the  rest  they  had  a  thousand  pezos  in 
rials   of    eight,    which    I    am    assured   was    not    ashore.     Their 
cargazon  did  amount  to  above  seven  hundred  twenty  and  eight 
pounds  sterling,  as  it  cost   first   penny.      It  is  thought  that  the 
King  of  Cochin  China  did  this  in  revenge  of  some  injuries  offered 
him  per  the  Dutch  certain  years  past.     God  grant  Walter  may 
escape  and  then  I  doubt  not  but  a  good  part  of  our  goods  will  be 
returned.     Also  there  is  reports  that  Captain  Chongro's  junk  is 
cast  away  in  returning.     And  our  host  at  Langasaque  is  returned 
from  the  Phillipinas,   and  bringeth    news  that  above  20  sail  of 
Hollanders  are  come  thither  from  the  Moloucas,  amongst  whom 
are  two  or  three  sail  of  English  ships,  but  I  cannot  believe  that, 
except  it  be  the  Pearl  or  such  like.     If  this  be  true,  out  of  doubt 
it  goeth  ill  with  the  Spaniards  in  the  Molucas.     In  my  next  I  will 
advise  you   more  hereof.     At  present  we  are  about  preparing  a 
ship  or  junk  to  make  a  voyage  for  Syam  ;    and,  seeing  it   hath 
pleased  God  to  take  away  Mr.  Peacock,  of  necessity  you  or  my 
countryman  Mr.   Eaton   must  be  employed  about  that  voyage ; 
and  the  ship  will  be  ready  to  depart  some  four  months  hence. 
John  Yoosen  is  returned  from  Syam  with  Mr.  Melchar  and  Signor 
William.     Lucas  Antheunis  hath  wrote  me  two  humorous  letters 
of  one  date  and  effect,  and  hath  trusted  John  Yoosen  with  748 
taels  more  to  be  paid  to  me  here  for  use  of  the  Company  of  the 
Seventh  Voyage  ;   Melchar  Van  Sanford   is  surety  for  payment 
thereof.     But  I  have  not  one  word  in  writing  from  any  English- 
man, there  being  none  with  him  but  an  old  chirurgeon  and  a 
mariner  which  can  neither  write  nor  read,  and  one  Englishman 
which  lieth  up  in  the  country  to  make  sale  of  commodities,  but  at 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  69 

present  could  not  come  down  to  him  per  means  of  wars  which  is 
betwixt  the  place  where  he  lieth  and  the  other  where  Lucas 
Antheunis  is.  I  wish  our  Company  were  served  with  English- 
men, for  I  doubt  our  Dutch  factors  will  breed  inconveniences  etc. 
And  as  concerning  your  opinion  to  send  commodities  to  a  place 
to  the  northwards,  you  may  use  your  own  discretion,  but  deal 
upon  sure  grounds ;  as  also  you  may  trust  men  which  you  know 
are  to  be  trusted.  For  though  I  advise  you  not  to  trust  the 
Company's  goods  without  ready  payment,  yet  that  is  to  be  under- 
stood such  as  are  not  to  be  trusted ;  otherwise  you  may  lie  still 
and  do  nothing  while  other  men  sell ;  and  the  Hollanders'  course 
in  putting  their  cloth  into  merchants'  (or  brokers')  hands  to  make 
sale  thereof,  it  is  a  good  course  so  they  be  men  sufficient  to  be 
trusted. 

And  as  I  was  about  to  seal  up  this  letter  news  came  that  two 
ships  are  without,  some  7  or  8  leagues  off,  but  whether  they  be 
both  Hollanders  or  one  of  them  an  Englishman  I  do  not  know ; 
yet  I  sent  out  a  pinnace  with  Signor  Zanzebar  and  a  Juribasso 
and  wrote  a  word  or  two  to  deliver  the  Captain,  if  they  be 
English,  or  else  return  it.  And  as  concerning  the  20  pieces 
cassidie  nill  which  you  say  you  want,  it  is  no  reason  you  should  be 
charged  with  them  if  you  have  them  not.  My  countryman 
Mr.  Eaton  knoweth  nothing  thereof,  neither  at  present  had  I  any 
leisure  to  examine  over  matters,  etc.  And  for  the  1356  catties 
lead  which  you  write  me  as  wanting  in  the  weight,  I  see  not  how 
we  can  help  ourselves,  for  Captain  Adams  saith  he  hath  a  note  of 
every  draft  at  weighing  and  how  many  bars  were  in  each  draft, 
and  that  there  wanted  but  3  bars  in  all,  he  himself  being  present 
at  the  weighing  thereof.  Cornelius,  Captain  Brower's  kinsman, 
is  slain  with  their  Juribasso,  but  Adrian,  being  sent  to  another 
place,  is  thought  to  be  escaped.  I  shall  not  be  quiet  till  I  hear 
of  Walter,  God  grant  he  be  escaped.     And  so  I  rest,  always 

Your  loving  friend, 

Richard  Cocks. 


7o  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


Firando  in  Japan  the  25th  of  July,  1614. 

HE  invoice  of  goods  sent  to  Mr.  Richard  Wickham  for 
Edo,  by  John  Phebe,  as  hereafter  followeth,  viz. 

One  chest  No.  1,  containing 


£ 

s. 

d. 

17 

10 

00 

06 

10 

00 

1  black  cloth  No.  121,  qt  32  yards,  cost 
£  a  popingay  No.  064,  qt  13^  yards,  cost 
5  pieces  of  allejas  of  20  rials  of  eight  per 

corge 01     00     00 

One  chest  No.  2,  containing 
1  black  cloth  No.  124,  qt  33  yards,  cost      .     19     00     00 
£  a  popingay  No.  dicto  64,  qt  13!  yards, 
cost  ....... 

3  pieces  of  allejas  dicto,  cost 

One  chest  No.  3,  qt 
1  black  cloth  No.  119,  qt  34  yards,  cost 
£  a  tawny  No.  172,  qt  13^  yards,  cost 
3  pieces  of  allejas  dicto,  cost 

One  chest  No.  4,  containing 
1  black  cloth  No.  37,  qt  32  yards,  cost 
£  a  tawny  No.  172  dicto,  qt  13^  yards,  cost 

3  pieces  of  allejas  dicto,  cost 

One  chest  No.  5,  containing 
1  black  cloth  No.  171,  qt  31  yards,  cost 
\  a  cinnamon  No.  125,  qt  17  yards,  cost     . 

One  chest  No.  6,  containing 
1  black  cloth  No.  123,  qt  31  yards,  cost      .     20     00     00 
\  a  cinnamon  colour  cloth  No.  125  dicto, 

qt  17  yards      .         .         .         .         .         .     07     10     00 

4  pieces  of  allejas  dicto,  cost       .         .         .     00     16     00 


06 

10 

00 

00 

12 

00 

17 

10 

00 

07 

00 

00 

00 

12 

00 

22 

00 

00 

07 

00 

00 

00 

12 

00 

20 

00 

00 

07 

10 

00 

£l6l       12       00 


Sum  of  the  whole  cargazon  is  £161  12s.  ood. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  71 

Firando  the  26th  July,  1614. 
The  two  ships  which  are  without  are  both  Hollanders  and 
come  from  Pattania,  and  Jacob  Speck,  who  was  principal  at  first 
in  this  place,  is  come  captain  in  the  Admiral  called  the  Red 
Lion  with  the  pile,  but  not  that  which  came  from  Holland  and 
was  at  Molucas  when  we  were  there,  or  else  reports  are  false. 
They  say  they  came  from  Pottania  and  know  nothing  of  matters 
at  Phillipinas.  They  cannot  want  to  bring  much  pepper;  and 
therefore  put  away  yours  if  it  be  possible. 

Richard  Cocks. 


I55A 

William  Nealson  to  [Richard  Wickham] . 
[Firando,  about  February,  1614  ?] . 
Morrow,  bully ;  morrow,  morrow. 

SPECIAL  and  well  beloved  friend,  all  due  compliments 
remembered.  Two  of  your  letters  I  have  received, 
whereof  I  think  myself  not  a  little  beholden  unto  you 
for  your  kind  remembrance.  An  answer  to  your  first 
letter  I  had  written,  but  George  protracting  the  time  stayed  till  I 
received  the  last,  which  hath  made  me  cancel  the  first  and  answer 
both  together.  In  your  first  you  willed  me  to  deliver  to  Mr.  P. 
[Peacock]  two  of  your  pieces,  but  ere  I  received  it  Mr.  C.  [Cocks] 
had  delivered  them  all  four  unto  him,  yet  in  consideration  as  well 
of  your  writing  as  also  that  he  refused  to  give  a  receipt  for  them 
I  detained  two  of  them  ;  which  they  be  I  know  not,  for  being 
made  clean  they  were  all  close  wrapped  with  ropes,  and  Mr.  P. 
being  upon  departure  would  not  suffer  them  to  be  opened.  They 
would  offer  but  8  rials  apiece  for  them,  affirming  that  you  offered 
them  for  12  rials  till  September.  I  offered  them  as  your  price 
was,  at  which  they  would  not  deal  nor  I  abate  so  unreasonably. 
These  two  I  have  shall  be  safely  kept,  but  here  is  no  hope  of  sale 
for  them  as  you  know,  and  therefore  for  this  I  rest  till  I  hear 
further  from  you. 


72  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

Your  things  in  your  chamber  is  and  shall  be  safe  ;  your  chest 
in  the  godown.  A  receipt  for  your  stones  I  demanded  but  could 
not  obtain,  and  this  instant  I  have  written  both  to  Gwalter  and 
Mr.  P.  to  Nangasaque  about  it,  which  I  hope  to  obtain.  Whereas 
you  write  to  Mr.  Cocks  for  a  boy,  assure  yourself  he  and  I  will  do 
the  best  we  can  for  one,  but  yesterday  G.  Droit  affirmed  to  Mr.  C. 
in  my  hearing  that  certain  Dutchmen  had  given  out  reports  of 
you  that  you  would  beat  and  misuse  any  boy  unreasonably  in 
your  anger,  which  made  their  parents  unwilling  to  put  any  unto 
you,  which  how  true  that  was  both  Mr.  Cocks  showed,  and 
affirmed  besides  that  it  must  be  but  surmised,  by  reason  you  yet 
had  not  here  any  servant,  that  they  had  seen  the  proof  of. 
Assure  yourself  of  this,  I  will  not  be  un  [mindful  ?] .  Mr.  P.  is  upon 
departure  from  Nangasaque.  His  behaviour  hath  been  such  since 
your  departure  that  Mr.  C.  hath  often  protested  unto  me  that  if 
you  were  here  he  should  not  go  upon  that  voyage.  He  hath 
forgot  himself  in  letters  and  otherwise  so  to  Mr.  Cocks  that  I 
assure  you  he  utterly  mislikes  him.  The  opinion  he  hath  taken 
of  you  is  such  as,  believe  it,  you  would  little  think  ;  but  thus 
assure  yourself  of  any  kindness  he  can  do  you. 

Before  Mr.  C.  sealed  his  letter  he  showed  it  me,  wherein  he 
hath  informed  you  of  all  business,  so  as  for  me  to  write  thereof 
should  be  but  a  tedious  iteration.  Now  to  the  purpose.  Con- 
cerning our  domestic  affairs,  we  live  well  and  contentedly,  and 
believe  me,  if  you  were  here,  I  could  think  we  were  and  should  be 
a  happy  company,  without  strife  or  brawling.  Of  late  I  caught  a 
great  cold  for  want  of  bedstaves,  but  I  have  taken  order  for 
falling  into  the  like  inconveniences.  For  first,  to  recover  my 
former  health,  I  forgot  not,  fasting,  a  pot  of  blue  burning  ale 
with  a  fiery  flaming  toast  and  after  (for  recreation's  sake)  provided 
a  long  staff  with  a  pike  in  the  end  of  it  to  jump  over  joined  stools 
with.     Hem. 

Notwithstanding  I  may  sing  honononera,  for  my  trade  is  quite 
decayed.  Before  I  had  sale  for  my  nails  faster  than  I  could  make 
them,  but  now  they  lie  on  my  hand.  For  my  shoes  none  will 
sell,  because  long  lying  abed  in  the  morning  saves  shoe  leather, 
and  driving  of  great  nails  puts  my  small  nails  quite  out  of  request, 
yea,  even  with  my  best  customer ;  so  that  where  every  day  he  had 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  73 

wont  to  buy  his  dozen  nails  in  the  morning,  I  can  scarcely  get  his 
custom  once  in  two  or  three.  Well  this  world  will  mend  one  day, 
but  beware  the  grey  mare  eat  not  the  grinding  stone.  I  have 
had  two  satirical  letters  about  this  matter  from  Mr.  Peacock, 
which  pleased  him  as  little  as  me,  but  I  think  he  is  so  paid  home 
at  his  own  weapon  as  he  will  take  better  heed  how  he  carp  with- 
out cause.  It  was  not  more  to  me,  but  broader  to  Mr.  Cocks.  I 
know  the  parties  which  I  speak  of  you  would  gladly  know ;  for 
your  satisfaction  herein  I  cannot  make  you  know  mine,  because  I 
think  you  never  see  her ;  but  I  think  God  made  her  a  woman  and 
I  a  W.  For  the  other,  it  is  such  a  one  as  hardly  or  no  I  know 
you  would  not  dream  of.  But  yet  for  exposition  of  this  riddle, 
construe  this  :  all  is  not  cuckolds  that  wear  horns.  Read  this 
reversed,  Ab  dextro  ad  sinistra.  OIGNITAM.  What, 
man  !  what  is  the  matter  ?  methinks  you  make  crosses.  For 
never  muse  on  the  matter ;  it  is  true.     I  am  now  grown  poetical. 

He  that  hath  a  high  horse  may  get  a  great  fall ; 
And  he  that  hath  a  deaf  boy,  loud  may  he  call ; 
And  he  that  hath  a  fair  wife,  sore  may  he  dread 
That  he  get  other  folks'  brats  to  foster  and  to  feed. 

Be  not  a  blab  of  your  tongue,  whatever  I  write  you  of  hence- 
forward condemn  either  to  [  ]  or  the  fire.  I  love  and 
honour  you  as  a  friend  and  so,  believe  it,  you  shall  find  me.  Thus 
leaving,  but  loth  to  leave  troubling  of  you,  I  commit  us  both  to 
the  protection  of  God,  and  you  to  my  best  wishes,  resting 

Your  assured  and  unfeigned  friend  for  ever  and  a  day, 

William  Nealson. 

I  say  no  more,  affairs  call  me  away  ; 

My  mare  in  the  stable  for  provender  doth  stay. 


74  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


156 

William  Eaton  to  Richard  Wickham  in  Edo. 
In  Firando  the  26th  of  July,  1614. 

OUING  and  kind  friend  Mr.  Wickham,  I  commend  me 
unto  you,  etc.  My  last  letter  unto  you  was  the  17th 
ultimo  from  Ossakey,  wherein  I  wrote  you  at  large  of 
all  matters,  not  doubting  but  that  you  have  received  it 
before  this  time,  whereunto  I  refer  me,  etc.  Also  I  wrote  you 
how  that,  in  regard  I  had  no  black  cloth  left  to  send  you  by  John 
Phebe,  I  was  determined  to  detain  him  at  Ossakey  until  such 
time  that  there  came  cloth  from  Mr.  Cocks.  But  he  not  sending 
any,  I  thought  good  to  make  a  voyage  myself  to  Firando,  the 
which  I  have  done  in  company  of  Captain  Adams,  we  arriving 
here  some  five  days  past,  having  brought  John  Phebe  with  us 
hither,  who  is  now  despatched  back  again  with  cloth  for  you  and 
for  Ossakey  by  our  captain,  who  hath  sent  you  six  black  cloths 
and  three  other  colours  with  eighteen  pieces  of  allejas.  Your 
letter  of  the  26th  of  May  in  Edo  I  received  by  Captain  Adams  the 
2nd  current,  in  which  your  letter  you  write  me  how  that  you  find 
20  pieces  of  cassidie  nills  wanting  of  your  cargazon,  and  that  you 
made  account  they  were  not  packed  up  but  left  behind  at  Firando; 
the  which  you  presume  that  I  know  thereof,  being  as  you  say  by 
me  delivered  and  packed  up.  But  I  do  not  know  anything 
thereof,  I  protest  to  you  ;  neither  did  I  pack  anything  of  your 
cargazon  into  the  chests,  but,  as  I  remember,  they  were  all  put 
into  the  chests  by  yourself  and  by  no  other.  As  concerning  the 
pepper  I  sold,  I  did  gain  by  the  weight  thereof  some  small  matter. 
There  is  arrived  at  Langasacke  the  carrack  and  a  frigate  ;  also  a 
junk  from  Cochin  Chene  who  brings  news  how  that  the  Holland- 
ers and  Mr.  Peacock  are  there  killed  and  all  our  goods  lost,  which 
is  a  great  grief  unto  us  ;  only  Walter  is  escaped  by  his  being  aboard 
the  junk,  which  otherwise  it  is  thought  he  should  have  been 
served  as  Mr.  Peacock  and  the  rest  were.  For  they  going 
to  the  king  for  money  which  he  did  owe  for  goods  that  he  had 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  75 

bought  of  them,  and  in  the  way  were  set  upon  and  so  killed.  At 
present  here  is  coming  into  Firando  two  ships  of  the  Hollanders, 
which  come  from  Pottania,  as  they  say  etc.  And  thus,  for  present, 
being  in  great  haste,  the  bearer  staying  for  my  letter,  I  end,  com- 
mitting you  and  your  affairs  unto  the  protection  of  the  Almighty 
God  ;  resting 

Your  loving  friend  to  command, 

Wm.  Eaton. 
Edward  Saris  hath  him  commended  unto  you.     Your  book 
Suetonius  I  have  sent  you  by  this  bearer. 


157 

Captain  Wm.  Adams  to  Richard  Wickham  in  Eddoo. 

In  Ferando  the  26th  of  July,  1614. 

OUING  and  my  very  good  friend,  my  hearty  salutations 
unto  you.  You  shall  understand  that  I  with  Mr.  Eaton 
arrived  in  Ferando  the  21st  of  July,  where,  thanks  be 
to  God,  found  Mr.  Cocks  and  Mr.  Nealson  and 
Edmund  Saris  are  in  good  health,  who  were  very  glad  of  our 
coming,  etc.  Since  my  coming  hither  we  have  heard  very  bad 
news  from  Cochichinna  of  Mr.  Peacock,  which,  as  we  hear,  is 
killed  with  all  the  Hollanders  that  went  in  company  to  Cochinna. 
As  we  hear  the  king  bought  all  the  goods  of  Mr.  Peacock  and  of 
the  Hollanders,  especially  the  cloth,  and  a  little  before  their  being 
ready  to  depart  the  king  sent  for  them,  and,  having  despatched, 
being  embarked  to  return  in  a  small  boat,  the  king  sent  a  great 
boat  in  their  company,  who  followed  the  little  boat  and  with  force 
ran  against  the  little  boat  and  overthrew  her  that  she  did  sink, 
and  swimming  in  the  water  the  Cocchichinnas  cut  them  all  to 
pieces.  Now  Walter  he  went  not  aland  but  tarried  in  the  junk, 
which  I  hope  is  alive,  which  God  grant.  We  have  heard  that  the 
king  hath  commanded  to  send  all  the  junks  to  seek  for  Walter ; 


76  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

now  whether  they  have  found  him  there  is  no  certain  news.  Now 
you  shall  understand  that  I  am  about  a  junk  to  proceed,  and  if  it 
shall  please  God,  for  Siam,  which  I  hope  about  a  three  (?)  months 
hence  I  shall  be  ready  to  depart,  which  God  grant.  Now  other 
news  here  is  none  but  such  as  you  know  of  long  ago,  as  of  Foyne's 
death  and  of  a  ship  that  is  come  from  Macaw  to  Langasake  with 
60  or  70  Chinese  junks.  Now  here  is  news  come  that  there  is  20 
sails  of  Hollanders  about  Manillia  with  two  or  three  English 
ships,  which  if  it  be  true  will  do  no  good  at  Manillia  before  their 
departure.  Now  you  shall  understand  concerning  the  reckoning 
between  you  and  me,  Mr.  Cocks  hath  told  me  that  you  have 
written  to  him  not  a  word  thereof.  Therefore  I  pray  send  by 
John  Phebe  that  you  were  indebted  to  me  at  my  departure  from 
you  the  27th  of  May,  1872  mass — 1  candarin  and  given  to  your 
man  Scooich  1,000  gens,  cost  23  mass  (picked  gens)  and  for  a  chest 
and  ropes  and  charges  came  all  to  30  mass,  and  John  Phebe  I 
gave  him  money  to  carry  him  to  Ossaka,  his  charges  came  to 
33  mace  and  6  candarins,  so  that 
1872 — 1 
and  30—  your  man  1  this  reckoning  I  pray 
and     33—6  John  Phebe  \  send  Mr.  Cocks  word 

of  the  truth  thereof. 


amounteth    1935 — 7 
The   charges   which    I    have    laid   out    from    Eddo    here    to 
Ferando  amounteth  to 

0337— 
which  particulars  I  have  given  to  Mr.  Cocks  so  that  the  whole  is 

2272 — 7. 
Now  I  pray  send  two  or  three  words  to  Mr.  Cocks,  that  at  my 
departure  to  Siam  I  may  clear  myself  of  all  accounts.  Thus 
with  my  hearty  salutation  to  you,  your  host  and  hostess,  I 
commit  you  to  the  protection  of  the  Most  High,  who  bless  you 
in  this  life  and  in  the  life  to  come.     Amen. 

Your  unworthy  friend  to  command  in  what  I  can, 

Wm.  Addames. 

This  day  is  arrived  two  ships,  Hollanders,  which  be  come  from 
the  Moulocass  and  from  Pattan.     Strange  news  they  bring  none. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY^  RECORDS  )7 


158 

Benjamin  Farie  to  [the  East  India  Company] . 
Pottania  this  26th  July,  1614. 

jjjIGHT  Worshipful  Sir,  duty  remembered,  etc.     My  last 
dated   the   prime    of  August    anno    1613   was    from 
Moccasser,   wherein  I  certified  your  Worship  of  my 
residence  there  with  Mr.  Cokayne  for  the  making  sales 
of  your   Worships'    clothing   of  Guggerat  for  monies   and    rice 
according  to   Mr.  Jourdain's  commission  left  with  us,  which  we 
put   in   execution,    viz.    finding   small   quantity   of  rice   then    in 
Moccasser  it  was  thought  fit  that   I  should  go  for  Lambasson, 
being  distant  10  leagues,  there  to  trade  for  rice  in  truck  of  cloth 
and  money,  being  a  place  which  the   Hollanders  hath  a  house  at 
and  buyeth  great  store  of  rice  every  year,  which  they  transport 
for  the  Molloccoes  and  Islands  of  Banda.    Wherefore  I  proceeded 
therein   accordingly   and   had    bought  and   laded  for    Moccasser 
per  the  middle  of  October  about  some  26  coyans  of  rice,  which 
makes  70  tons  and  cost  with  all   charges    20    rials   per   coyan, 
expecting  English  shipping  to  call  at  Moccasser  in  their  passage 
for  the  Islands  of  Banda,  there  to  take  it  in  ;  which,  for  want  of 
shipping  to  transport  it,  now  lies  in  the  house,  being  great  part 
consumed  with  weevils  and  other  vermin.    The  10th  of  November 
arrived  here  a  junk  sent  per  General  Best  and  Mr.   Larkin  for 
Succodanna,  there  to  supply  the  factory  with   monies  and  goods 
shipped  for  that  place,  who  were  driven  to  leeward  per  extremity 
of  weather  and  forced  to  put  room  for  Moccasser,  and  hath  landed 
four  chests  of  Lamken  silk  of  China,  which  came  to  a  very  good 
market,   being  then  worth  440  rials  the  pecul.     Mr.   Williams, 
their  merchant  appointed  for  Succodana,  in  their  passage  between 
Bantom  and  Moccasser  died.     Now  for  that  the  junk  could  not 
proceed  for  Succodana  before  the  prime  of  May,  being  the  time 
the  winds  serve  to  go  back  for  Succodana,  considering  the  great 
charge   which   would    ensue    and    likewise    the    store    of    your 


7«  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

Worships'  clothing  remaining  in  our  hands,  expecting  small  sales 
this  year,  by  reason  of  the  arrival  of  a  small  ship  with  Portugals, 
with  a  junk  likewise,  from  Mollacca  laden  with  clothing  of 
Guggerat  and  Corramandell,  the  Mollaceans  and  merchants  of 
Macasser  formerly  having  passed  their  words  to  take  most  part 
of  all  your  Worships'  clothing  at  great  rates,  upon  their  arrival 
would  not  perform  their  bargain  but  dealt  with  the  Portugals  for 
their  goods,  which  they  put  away  at  very  low  prices,  we  not 
daring  presume  to  sell  at  the  like.  It  was  therefore  concluded 
between  Mr.  George  Cokayne  myself  and  Francis  Kelly  that  the 
junk  [  ]  should  be  fitted  with  all  convenient  speed  and 

take  in  clothing  to  proceed  for  the  Island  of  Poola  Waya  (Pulo 
Ai),  being  one  of  the  Islands  of  Banda,  being  often  informed  by 
the  King  and  Shabunder  of  Moccasser,  who  had  received  letters 
from  the  Orang  Kayas  of  that  place,  understanding  of  the  English 
their  residence  in  Moccasser,  therein  greatly  complaining  of  the 
oppression  and  cruelty  of  the  Hollanders,  as  also  your  Worships' 
promise  made  to  them  by  General  Keeling  and  Captain  Middleton, 
in  not  relieving  of  them  accordingly,  with  divers  other  like 
encouragements  by  merchants  of  that  place,  which  for  brevity  I 
here  omit  to  insert.  Wherefore  we  set  carpenters  awork  aboard 
the  junk  to  build  a  steerage  after  the  English  fashion,  which  was 
long  in  hand,  by  reason  of  God's  visitation  of  sickness  inflicted 
upon  all  the  junk's  company,  and  having  laden  her  with  clothing 
and  rice,  the  27th  of  February  myself  with  Francis  Kelly  set  sail 
and  went  along  in  her  for  Banda,  being  the  time  of  year  that  all 
junks  in  these  parts  do  take  their  journey  for  those  parts.  The 
20th  of  March  being  in  sight  of  Burrowe  (Boeroe),  having  met 
with  great  calms  and  contrary  winds,  plying  to  windward,  not 
being  able  to  seize  Burrow,  we  were  enforced  by  a  leak  we  sprang 
and  want  of  water  to  put  room  for  Buttowne  (Boeton),  where  we 
arrived  the  27th  of  March,  finding  in  the  road  33  sail  of  junks 
laden  with  rice  bound  for  Ambon  (Amboina)  and  Banda,  being 
forced  by  contrary  winds  to  put  room  for  that  place,  some  of  them 
having  kept  the  sea  six  weeks  with  great  extremity  of  misery 
which  they  endured  by  calm  and  contrary  winds,  all  generally 
complaining  of  their  great  misery,  affirming  that  three  junks  only 
attained  the  islands  of  Ambon  and  Banda  this  year  ;  wherefore  it 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  79 

is  supposed  that  the  people  of  those  islands  will  be  famished  for 
want  of  food.  Now  having  taken  in  fresh  water,  our  junk's  leak 
being  partly  stopped,  we  put  to  sea  again,  and  finding  it  not 
possible  to  fetch  our  port,  after  ten  days  beating  in  the  sea  to 
windwards,  were  constrained  to  put  room  for  Moccasser,  where 
we  arrived  the  23rd  of  April  and  landed  our  goods  with  all  speed, 
which  had  taken  much  wet  and  part  thereof  rotten.  And  having 
caulked  the  junk  with  all  speed,  we  laded  the  goods  aboard  of  her, 
which  was  consigned  for  Succodana,  which  came  from  Bantom. 
Wherein  it  was  thought  fit  per  Mr.  Cokayne  that  I  should  proceed 
for  Succodanna  and  Bantam,  there  to  advise  Mr.  Jourdain  of  our 
proceedings  and  our  wants,  wherewith  I  was  to  return  again. 
The  8th  May  we  departed  from  Moccasser  and  sailed  for  Succo- 
dana, where  we  arrived  the  21st  ditto,  finding  the  Darling  in  the 
road,  wherein  was  chief  merchant  and  commander  Mr.  Robert 
Larkin,  and  Nathaniel  Courthope  and  Cassarian  David  his 
assistants,  both  which  were  appointed  to  stay  in  Succodana  and 
Sambas.  It  was  therefore  thought  convenient  per  a  general 
council  that  I  should  proceed  with  him  as  assistant  in  his 
pretended  voyage  for  Pottannia  and  Syam.  The  13th  of  June, 
having  dispeeded  the  business  of  Succodana,  we  set  sail  for 
Pottana,  and  the  25th  of  the  same  ditto  we  met  with  Captain 
Marlowe  in  the  James  some  45  leagues  from  Pottanna.  And  the 
30th  we  came  to  an  anchor  in  the  road  of  Pottanna,  where,  finding 
no  employments  neither  sales  for  goods,  we  had  not  made  any 
stay  there,  had  it  not  been  for  the  transporting  of  the  James' 
goods  for  Syam,  they  not  having  any  other  means  for  the  accom- 
plishing thereof  without  our  assistance.  It  shall  not  be  imperti- 
nent to  acquaint  your  Worships  with  the  excessive  duty  which 
every  ship  or  fleet  of  ships  is  enjoined  to  pay  which  shall  land 
goods  there  in  Pottanna,  viz.  856  rials  of  eight  for  a  general  bribe 
to  be  reparted  amongst  the  chiefs  of  the  country,  besides  4  per 
cent  for  the  Queen's  customs,  of  which  business  I  make  no 
question  but  that  your  Worships  shall  be  informed  of  at  large. 
And  thus,  craving  pardon  for  my  tediousness,  I  humbly  take  my 
leave,  intending,  with  God's  permission,  to  write  from  Syam  to 
you  at  large  of  what  hath  passed  in  my  knowledge,  humbly 
entreating  your  Worships  to  pay  to  my  kinsman  John   Fletcher 


So  EAST  INDIA    COMPANVS  RECORDS 

ten  pounds  upon  account  of  my  wages,  for  my  mother's  use.  And 
thus  desiring  God  to  add  a  blessing  to  your  Worships'  proceed- 
ings, I  humbly  take  my  leave, 

Your  Worships'  dutiful  servant, 

Benjamin  Farie. 

Right  Worshipful.  The  27th  of  July  arrived  in  the  road  of 
Pottania  a  great  ship  of  Holland  called  the  Rotterdam,  which 
came  from  the  Molloccoes,  and  per  some  of  their  company  we 
were  given  to  understand  that  they  have  lost  one  of  their  castles 
upon  the  Island  of  Tyddore  (Tidore)  with  some  60  men  ;  also  I 
was  credibly  informed  that  they  have  18  of  their  men  cut  off  at 
Banda  and  are  there  very  weak  and  likely  to  lose  their  castle. 
I  humbly  take  my  leave, 

Your  Worships'  dutiful  servant, 

Benja.  Farie. 


159 

John  Gourney  to  the  East  India  Company. 
Patania  the  28th  July,  1614.     By  the  James. 

"pIGHT  Worshipful,  Having  despatched  our  sales  and 
made  our  full  employments,  and  laden  into  the  James 
for  your  Worships'  account  186  bales  and  jars  from 
Musulpatam  and  in  bales  from  Pettepoly,  we  de- 
parted from  Pettepoly  the  7th  of  February,  leaving  Mr.  Floris 
entered  into  his  trade  for  the  providing  of  the  Globe's  lading, 
which  ship  was  newly  gone  for  the  river  of  Narsaperpeta  to  be 
new  sheathed ;  our  purpose  being  at  parting,  by  God's  grace  to 
go  by  way  of  Sunda,  where  at  Bantam  having  taken  in  four  or  five 
thousand  rials  to  carry  with  us,  either  of  Chinese  or  of  your 
Worships'  factors  for  ware  which  for  the  purpose  we  carried, 
then  to  proceed  for  Patania  and  Syam,  trusting  that  our  arrival 
would  have  been  time  enough  to  Patania  to  meet  with  China 
commodities  and  so  by  taking  up  money  of  the  Queen,  which 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  81 

lends  at  20  per  cent,  per  annum,  the  rest  till  a  round  cargazon  by 
sales  and  truck  at  Siam  might  have  despatched  the  ship  to  take 
the  next  monsoon  for  Masulpatam,  to  be  thence  despatched  up  [on 
the  same]  for  England  and  not  without  some  sheathing  about  Siam. 
Now  after  a  si  [ow  passage  our]  arrival  at  Bantam  was  upon  the 
20th  of  April,  where  shortly  after  upon  a  gener  [al  view]  of  the  ship's 
estate  by  the  worm,  it  was  resolved  upon  that  she  would  not  be 
able  [to]  accomplish  the  full  circuit  of  the  voyage  intended  with 
so  little  trimming  as  the  seasons  would  allow,  and  that  therefore 
must  take  full  time  while  a  lading  might  be  provided  here  at 
Bantam,  and  so  return  for  England  thence.  Hereupon  we 
speedily  landed  goods  which  we  judged  to  be  good  and  might 
amount  to  the  purpose,  hoping  that  we  might  (in  the  meantime 
of  our  fitting  to  transport  the  rest  for  Patania  and  Siam)  make  a 
match  with  the  Chinese  for  delivery  of  pepper  at  harvest.  But 
they  being  pestered  with  the  despatching  their  junks,  and  the 
time  for  their  retailing  our  wares  far  off,  did  not  in  our  time  seek 
to  trade  with  us,  wherefore  we  left  that  business  to  be  accom- 
plished by  Mr.  John  Jourdain  and  Richard  Cobb,  to  whom  we 
delivered  an  invoice  of  the  goods  there  landed  and  a  remem- 
brance, the  copies  of  which  we  send  your  Worships  herewith. 

The  James  thus  falling  from  us  we  practised  to  obtain  the 
Osiander,  which  having  trimmed  at  Jaccatra  was  ready  to  come 
to  Bantam  ;  but  Captain  Christian,  that  had  goods  and  men  about 
Priaman  and  quantity  besides  with  him  which  he  hoped  to 
despatch  there,  could  not  [be]  won  to  any  other  course.  Our 
purpose  with  this  ship  was  that  having  transported  our  goods  to 
our  ports  aforesaid,  to  send  her  thence  to  Masulpatam  with  a 
cargazon  of  12  or  15  [thousand]  rials  cost,  where  landing  the 
goods  and  merchants  who  should  upon  the  same  be  providing 
[torn  away]  and  other  commodities  fit  for  England,  the  ship  with 
some  small  matter  [to  return  the  nearest]  way  for  Siam  to  take 
in  another  lading  for  Japan,  from  whence  (by  God's  grace)  [might 
upon]  the  like  sum  formerly  carried  from  us,  make  our  stock 
whole  again  ;  and  if  by  im  [pediments]  she  should  fail  of  the 
Japan  voyage,  there  would  not  want  other  employment,  there 
being  for  your  Worships  so  many  factories,  settled  in  the  Indies 

which  have  need  to  be  visited  with  trade  by  small  ships.     In  fine 
Y  1268.  G 


8s  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

all  this  failing  and  no  junk  to  be  had  to  carry  the  goods  and  us 
away,  the  captain  and  company  yielded  to  proceed  with  the  re- 
mainder of  goods  to  Patania  and  there  to  trim,  and  so  return- 
ing from  Jaccatra  took  us  in  at  Bantam  and  we  departed  thence 
the  ioth  of  June  and  three  days  before  we  came  into  the 
road  the  Darling  from  Socodania  fell  into  our  company,  and  so 
the  last  day  of  June  we  arrived  together  in  this  road,  she  being 
bound  (as  at  Bantam  we  had  also  heard)  to  visit  this  and  the 
factory  at  Siam.  Since  our  meeting  we  have  had  conference 
with  Captain  Larkin  about  the  having  of  his  ship  to  do  the  ser- 
vice aforesaid  if  yet  we  may  accomplish  it,  and  he  shows  himself 
not  unwilling,  but  the  resolution  is  deferred  till  our  coming  to 
Siam,  where  we  with  all  our  wares  appointed  for  that  place 
already  laden  into  her,  are  upon  proceeding,  having  landed  into 
this  town  40I  bales  of  sundry  sorts  of  wares,  containing  as  per 
the  copy  of  the  invoice  herewith  we  also  send  your  Worships. 
And  to  manage  the  same  we  leave  Adam  Denton,  chief,  and  one 
John  Johnson  to  assist ;  and  there  is  no  doubt  that,  if  there  hap- 
pen good  means  for  trade,  Adam  Denton  will  show  good  skill  in 
making  use  thereof.  With  me  there  goeth  William  Sheppard, 
which  we  brought  from  Bantam,  and  also  Thomas  Brockedon, 
that  came  purser  of  the  James,  and  could  there  have  been  spared 
more  of  the  factors  at  Bantam  we  should  have  taken  them,  fur 
the  trade  betwixt  Siam  and  places  up  in  the  land,  as  Langjan 
(Luang  Praban),  Jangama  (Kiang-mai),  Pegu,  &c,  have  their 
passages  so  stopped  by  the  Ava  king  of  Pegu,  which  maketh 
war  against  the  king  of  Siam,  that  we  shall  be  fain  to  embark 
and  disperse  to  great  value  to  Camboja,  and  where  we  shall 
understand  trade  may  be  made,  of  which  and  all  things  else  that 
may  appertain  to  our  business  at  Siam  shall  be  certified  from 
thence  overland,  after  a  few  days  conference  had  with  Mr.  Lar- 
kin there,  and  time  enough  to  be  carried  by  the  ship  hence.  And 
now,  whereas  your  Worships  have  by  your  factors  attained  to 
the  settling  of  divers  factories  and  more  like  to  be,  if  you  mean 
to  have  the  fruit  from  them  your  Worships  strive  for,  you  must 
accomplish  divers  things  to  the  purpose.  The  first  is  that  the 
extreme  authority  given  Captains  and  Generals  be  translated  to 
men  fit  to  govern  on  land,  for,  howsoever  your  Worships  use  to 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  83 

set  down  good  rules,  they  cannot  endure  to  read  further  than 
may  serve  their  own  turn  and  think  they  may  sway  factors  as  if 
they  were  their  own  private  servants  ;  and  in  this  case  they  will 
with  their  own  and  their  mariners'  private  dealing  soon  con- 
found your  trade  if  there  were  no  other  inconvenience  besides  it ; 
factors  have  occasion  strongly  to  contend  with  princes,  governors 
and  other  great  men,  and  how  servile  men  to  Captains  of  ships 
shall  be  regarded  in  such  a  case  your  Worships  may  judge. 
Another  inconvenience  is  the  diversity  of  accounts  in  one  place, 
it  being  a  common  condition  in  men  each  to  stand  upon  his  repu- 
tation of  speediest  accomplishment,  circumventing  and  prevent- 
ing another  without  respect  due  and  by  this  means  become  better 
servants  to  those  with  whom  they  deal  than  to  their  masters. 
Another  inconvenience,  and  that  very  great,  is  the  riding  of  great 
ships  (as  the  Globe  and  James)  by  the  nose  in  a  road  till  their 
goods  be  sold  and  their  employments  be  laden,  we  having  found 
it  as  followeth  :  first,  arriving  at  the  road  of  Pollicat  had  soon 
after  two  several  troops  of  messengers  from  the  Shabunder  to 
welcome  us,  and  to  show  us  that  if  we  came  to  trade  we  should 
not  want  any  favours  needful  and  that  his  desire  was  to  see  us 
ashore ;  this  agreeing  with  our  own  desire,  I  went  ashore,  taking 
Thomas  Brockedon  with  me  and  being  entered  into  the  town 
understood  that  the  Shabunder  was  gone  forth  of  the  town.  So 
we  turning  directly  towards  a  large  castle  the  Dutch  have  there 
built  were  at  our  coming  into  it  entertained  with  kind  shows  by 
Warner  Van  Berghen,  alias  Captain  Drinkwater,  Captain  there 
and  Rector  of  all  the  factories  upon  that  coast,  being  then  accom- 
panied with  Captain  Samuel  King,  English  born,  and  there  we 
also  found  with  them  sundry  of  the  principals  of  the  town  pre- 
pared to  declare  unto  us  (as  they  presently  did)  that  their  king 
had  given  by  his  cowl  or  firman  the  privilege  of  the  whole  trade 
of  that  town  to  the  Hollanders,  without  whose  leave  we  English 
nor  other  strangers  might  intermeddle,  and  the  said  Van  Berghen 
added  that  it  was  not  in  his  power  to  give  leave.  These  speeches 
having  heard  and  knowing  that  Mr.  Floris  had  been  in  the  like 
manner  put  off,  conceived  that  the  king  of  Velour  must  be  dealt 
withal  with  the  King's  Majesty's  letters,  which  no  doubt  at  any 
time  will  prevail.    But  the  king  being  within  the  land  at  war,  few 

G  2 


34  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

factors  of  us  and  our  two  principal  ports  to  be  furnished  being 
Musulpatam  and  Pettapoly,  we  having  that  night  following  re- 
ceived very  kind  entertainment  of  the  Dutch,  we  prepared  in  the 
morning  to  embark,  at  which  time  the  parties  aforesaid  returned 
to  parley  again  and,  making  the  same  conclusion  as  before,  they 
added  that  we  ought  to  pay  anchorage.  Our  answer  was  that  we 
knew  it  to  be  their  hearty  desire  that  we  should  stay  and  trade 
with  them,  if  we  could  have  sufferance  by  the  Hollander,  but 
now  we  would  neither  accept  of  liberty  nor  stay  to  trade,  neither 
would  we  give  them  anchorage.  Whereat  without  more  ado  they 
gave  us  betel  to  chew,  as  their  manner  of  courtesy  is,  and  1 
us  farewell,  desiring  us  to  be  good  to  Gentiles,  if  we  met  them 
at  sea.  This  town  and  territory  yields  very  good  sorts  of  paint- 
ings and  woven  wares  fit  for  Java,  the  Moluccos,  and  these  parts 
which  we  proceed  in,  but  there  being  for  no  value  in  town  at  the 
present  to  be  bought,  nor  vent  for  any  of  our  commodities,  and 
for  the  reasons  aforesaid,  we  contended  no  further  but  proceeded 
to  the  more  certainty,  and  so  arrived  at  Pettepoly  the  [blank] 
June,  where  having  spent  eight  days  in  settling  George  Chauncey 
and  Thomas  Brockedon  with  money  and  goods  which  we  there 
landed,  we  repaired  to  Musulpatam  where  we  finished  the  rest  as 
per  the  account  appears.  Governors  and  Shabunders  entertained 
us  with  great  show  of  honour,  they  seeming,  and  all  the  rest,  as 
greatly  contented  with  our  coming  to  trade  with  them  as  if  we 
had  brought  a  prize  wherein  everyone  had  a  share.  The  news  of 
our  arrival  no  sooner  came  up  to  the  court  of  the  King  but 
other  Governors  both  for  Musulpatam  and  Pettepoly  were  ap- 
pointed, that  had  outrented  the  former,  by  which  means  it  was 
about  two  months  before  we  could  enter  further  than  to  petty 
trade,  for  order  was  sent  to  prohibit  us  (at  Musulpatam)  the 
king's  beam,  and  that  our  goods  yet  to  land  should  be  detained 
at  the  Banksall  (as  they  call  their  Custom  house)  till  his  coming, 
and  we  that  by  this  time  knew  the  qualities  of  Governors  so  con- 
tended against  that  course,  that  liberty  of  having  home  our  goods 
was  yielded  to,  but  request  was  made  by  the  Shabunder  in  the 
Governor's  name  that  we  would  forbear  sale  till  his  coming,  which 
should  be  shortly  with  money  to  buy  all.  Nevertheless  we  bar- 
gained with  divers  and  received  their  earnests,  but  for  lack  of  the 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  85 

beam  were  constrained  to  redeliver  each  man  his  earnest.  Some- 
what we  did  in  the  sale  of  some  porcelain  and  some  sandal  nuts, 
and  pepper  we  weighed  and  delivered  by  night.  In  fine  the 
Governor  being  come  and  being  a  Brahmin  that  certain  years 
before  had  governed  the  same  place  in  which  he  broke  with  the 
Hollanders  for  about  7,000  pagodas,  which  is  10,000  rials,  not 
long  after  his  arrival  he  repaired  to  our  house,  where  he  showed 
a  great  desire  to  deal  for  all  and  we  showed  as  great  a  desire  that 
he  would  not  seek  for  any.  To  be  short,  sundry  meetings  we  had 
and  in  the  meantime  amongst  ourselves  held  three  councils  about 
it,  and  in  fine  rested  resolved  that  seeing  none  durst  repair  to  buy 
or  sell  with  us  till  his  turn  were  served,  lest  therefore  by  delays 
we  should  outride  this  monsoon  (which  would  be  a  mischief),  we 
contented  ourselves  to  suffer  a  less  inconvenience  by  letting  him 
have  4,000  pagodas  in  money  and  ware.  And  so  at  last  we  agreed, 
and  also  upon  the  commodities  and  their  prices  which  he  should 
give  us  to  be  paid  within  two  months  after,  but  with  what  delays 
and  bad  commodities  we  were  performed  withal  were  a  misery  to 
recite.  These  Governors  purchase  with  their  places  (as  they  say) 
all  the  benefits  by  all  trades  withal  and,  whether  it  be  so  or  no,  it 
appears  little  less ;  for  although  Moors  have  free  liberty  to  trade, 
yet  such  they  were  that  have  been  fain  to  take  back  their  earnest 
as  aforesaid,  and  for  the  Gentiles  (which  be  the  naturals),  none 
may  trade  without  compounding  with  one  Lingana  which  rents 
the  office  of  merchandizing  and  brokerage  for  4,000  pagodas  a 
year.  When  this  man  is  feed  by  weavers  and  such  as  seek  to 
trade  with  us  with  about  8  or  10  per  cent.,  they  may  freely  come 
and  bring  us  ware,  and  besides  what  the  Governor  cometh  to 
knowledge  of  must  yield  him  at  least  10  per  cent,  more ;  and 
sometimes  men  have  been  taken  and  accused  of  having  gotten 
much  by  trade,  and  after  many  blows  and  long  imprisonment 
paid  a  forfeit  of  all  the  money  they  had  taken.  This  makes  poor 
men  bring  their  paintings  in  hugger-mugger  and  in  the  night  as 
thieves  do  their  stolen  cloaks  to  brokers.  The  Governors  of 
Pettepoly  are  more  easier  somewhat.  The  best  remedies  against 
these  inconveniences  after  we  shall  have  found  good  means  for 
vent  these  ways  as  may  be  to  purpose,  that  then  factors  be  there 
established,  and  having  ever  beforehand  to  make  provision  against 


86  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

ships  come  and  also  to  arend  the  custom  of  our  trade  by  the  year 
as  the  Hollanders  do,  that  pay  3,000  pagodas  per  annum  and  so 
pass  their  goods  to  and  fro  through  the  custom  house  or  banksall 
at  Musulpatam  freely ;  and  yet  when  the  most  ease  is  purchased 
that  can  be  to  govern  your  business  upon  that  coast,  there  must 
be  men  of  great  understanding,  discretion  and  courage,  for  the 
arrogancy  of  governors  and  great  Moors  and  the  Jewish  subtlety 
of  the  Gentiles  can  and  will  sift  the  best  factors  you  can  send,  and 
it  were  pity  this  trade  for  lack  of  good  decorum  should  be  lost,  for 
that  coast  can  afford  means  to  other  places  as  aforesaid  and  also 
for  England,  and  may  vent  store  of  spices,  drugs  and  China  wares, 
and  also  from  England  some  commodities  may  fit,  as  yearly  about 
50  broadcloths  (of  which  30  at  least  stamels,  10  Venice  reds  and 
the  rest  popinjay  greens  and  plunkets)  ;  50  kersies  of  the  like  pro- 
portion of  colours  ;  lead,  if  we  had  brought  somewhat  more  than 
the  15  tons  we  had,  there  would  have  been  vent  for  all,  yet  what 
continual  need  there  may  be  for  lead  I  cannot  certify.  Store  of 
tin  is  brought  yearly  from  Tannassary  (Tenasserim)  to  Musulpa- 
tam and  sold  at  betwixt  60  and  80  pagodas  per  candy,  but  whether 
our  sort,  not  being  accounted  so  good,  may  pass  well  I  know  not ; 
some  therefore  to  try  were  not  amiss.  Yet  still  twice  so  much 
money  must  be  sent  at  least  as  the  wares  amount  to,  whereby  to 
assure  passage  through  employments  ;  for  the  sales  of  our  English 
wares  hath  no  certain  time,  and  for  these  country  commodities, 
quantity  by  others  may  breed  gluts  which  may  disappoint  purposes. 

It  hath  been  reported  by  the  Dutch  General  that  now  was  at 
Bantam,  that  deputies  from  their  Company  have  been  in  England 
to  confer  with  your  Worships  about  some  accord  betwixt  your 
Worships  and  them  in  this  trade  of  the  Indies.  If  it  so  fall  out, 
then  doubtless  each  may  bid  welcome  to  the  revenues  of  a  great 
king,  whereas  by  the  contrary  we  shall  by  hunting  one  another  so 
assuage  the  profits  that  in  few  years  it  will  not  be  worth  the 
trouble.  And  for  some  approbation,  whereas  Mr.  Augustine 
Spalding  purchased  20  sacks  of  pepper  for  a  corge  of  the  tapies 
left  by  the  Globe,  we  could  not  now  at  Bantam  be  promised  ten 
for  the  like,  and  yet  this  year  is  the  bearing  year. 

I  need  not  trouble  your  wisdoms  much  with  informations  how 
to  govern  the  general  trade  the  best  way,  but  my  hearty  desire  being 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  87 

to  see  your  great  prosperity  by  this  trade  enforceth  my  pen  to  run, 
holding  it  possible  that  something  of  what  I  write  may  come  to 
bear  to  the  purpose,  which  may  excuse  me  for  the  rest. 

We,  finding  no  pepper  here  as  we  hoped  for,  nor  certainty  of 
sales  for  any  great  value  for  ready  money  during  the  time  of  the 
James  her  abode  here,  have  borrowed  of  Robert  Larkin,  Captain 
of  the  Darling,  3,000  rials  which  is  left  with  our  Captain  to  be 
carried  in  the  ships  for  Bantam.  This  money  we  must  repay  at 
Siam  at  time  of  need,  or  bear  damage    [  ]    more 

after  10  per  cent,  in  the  meantime  for  interest  per  annum.  Also 
have  accepted  of  423!  rials  which  certain  Guzerats  are  to  deliver 
Mr.  Jourdain  at  Bantam,  to  have  the  same  repaid  at  Siam  upon 
advice  and  although  there  is  good  hope  that  the  goods  at  Bantam 
and  these  monies  may  well  accomplish  for  the  clearing  the  James 
with  a  lading  of  pepper,  we  have  notwithstanding  agreed  to 
request  Mr.  Jourdain  to  furnish  what  may  want  and  charge  the 
same  upon  these  factories  to  be  employed  here  for  him  as  he  shall 
advise.  And  so  for  our  farther  business  I  refer  me  to  what  shall 
be  advised  from  Siam ;  rest,  praying  the  Almighty  ever  to  bless 
your  affairs. 

Your  Worship's  servant, 

John  Gourney. 

The  Dutch  have  paid  the  Queen  for  interest  as  followeth  : — 

The  first  month  2  per  cent,  and  1  ditto  the  mint  master,  which 
is  3  per  cent,  for  one  month. 

The  next  two  months  3  per  cent,  and  one  to  the  mint  master, 
which  is  4  per  cent,  for  2  months. 

The  next  3  months  6  per  cent,  and  one  to  the  mint  master, 
which  is  7  per  cent,  for  3  months. 

The  next  6  months  10  per  cent,  and  one  to  the  mint  master, 
which  is  5  [11  ?]  per  cent  for  6  months. 

A  year's  interest  amounteth  to  20  per  cent,  per  annum. 


88 


EAST    IXDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


*59A 

Laus  Deo  semper.     25th  of  July,  anno  1614. 

ACTORY  or  invoice  of  40I  bales,  goods  belonging  to 
the  Ninth  Voj  Lge,  for  account  of  the  Right  Worship- 
ful East  India  Company,  landed  in   Patanie  from  the 
James,  and  are   left    in   the    hands  of  Adam    1  Knton, 
Chief  Merchant,  assisted  by  John  Johnson,  is  as  followcth : — 

(The  detailed  enumeration  of  the  contents  of  the  bales  with  their  prices 
has  been  omitted.  Of  the  40J  bales  29  were  of  Niasulipatam  cloths,  viz.  \ 
Salampouries,  white  beathillies,  pcrcalla,  boxshaes,  coarse  and 
cured  gingams,  maravaines,  painted  and  woven  sawoies,  tapir- 
shins,  sarassa  patola  and  dragam  Malaya;  ihe  remaining  pack 
being  Petapoli  goods,  viz.  red  yarne,  red  beathillies,  salampourie, 
percalla  and  sarassa  Malaya.  The  total  cost  is  given  as  pagodas 
4406.  o.  o\.) 


160 

(Duplicate  of  159). 


161 

John  Gourney  to  Sir  Thomas  Smith. 

Laus  Deo.     In  Pattania,  the  28th  July,  1614. 

1IGHT  Worshipful,  It  was  not  through  ignorance  of  my 
duty  that  till  this  present  I  have  forborne  to  write  to 
your  Worship  in  particular,  but  my  desire  was  first  to 
do  that  which  might  manifest  my  willingness  to  do  the 
service  I  came  for,  being  I  was  a  stranger  to  your  Worship,  and 
could  never  write  but  must  have  mingled  complaints  of  disorders 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  89 

by  the  Captain  and  Master  in  their  governments.  The  Master's 
qualities  I  need  not  describe,  being  no  doubt  very  well  known  to 
your  Worship  and  Company.  About  half  our  time  the  Captain 
was  much  swayed  by  him,  and  since  that  have  not  so  well  agreed. 
The  contentions  held  amongst  us  (I  make  account)  hath  already 
caused  dispute  at  home  with  your  Worship  and  Company,  and 
also  will  be  examined,  God  sending  the  ship  unto  you;  and  though 
I  be  then  absent,  which  is  my  disadvantage,  yet  I  will  forbear  to 
certify  the  great  volume  of  particulars  belonging  to  the  story, 
leaving  the  same  to  the  report  of  others,  assuring  myself  in  sum, 
your  Worship  will  find  that  the  Captain  hath  governed  at  sea 
with  much  brawling  and  little  justice,  and  ashore  with  much 
greatness  without  skill.  At  Mesulpotam  feigning  to  take  a  house 
to  bake  bread  in  and  to  still  rack  for  the  ship,  he  made  it  his 
habitation  wherein  held  such  greatness  that  hath  consumed  much 
more  money  than  was  necessary,  the  which  and  suffering  all  kinds 
of  disorders  by  his  trumpeters  and  many  others  that  commonly  he 
had  about  him  caused  no  little  disease  to  our  proceedings.  It 
will  be  no  doubt  justified  that  to  perform  the  despatch  of  the  ship 
I  have  as  it  were  passed  through  the  pikes  of  the  [  ] 

of  other  practices  of  Governor  and  tradesmen  and  [  ] 

and  the  cross  carriage  of  the  Captain  and  [  ]  others 

and  what  weak  assistance  I  have  had  is  known  to  the  company  of 
the  James.  Yet  John  Hawks  well  earned  his  wages,  and  could  I 
have  broken  him  in  full,  as  I  did  in  part,  of  the  [  ]  of 

good  fellowship,  there  should  have  been  allotted  him  some  better 
degree  of  employment  before  the  day  of  his  death,  which  was  two 
days  after  our  coming  into  this  road,  of  a  flux,  and,  not  leaving 
anything  of  20  rials  which  he  had  received  at  Bantam  for  ware 
which  he  had  gathered  at  the  Coast,  declared  to  me  by  himself  in 
presence  of  Mr.  Wootton.  The  Governor  of  Meslopatam,  that  had 
first  taken  about  the  value  of  700  pagodas  in  goods  upon  account 
of  custom  outwards  and  after  forced  goods  for  payment,  looking 
for  ready  money  for  his  custom,  and  the  Shabunder  breaking 
promise  in  sending  a  full  payment  in  goods  instead  of  half  money, 
and  the  governor  of  Pettepoli  failing  in  like  case,  brought  our 
conclusion  into  some  extremity.  Wherefore  the  master  therefore 
(as  he  would  have  me  to  conceive)  told  me  of  240  rials  that  the 


90  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

Captain  had  received  of  Sir  Henry  Middleton  for  a  cable  of  the 
ships;  and  the  Captain  after,  perceiving  I  knew  thereof,  told  me 
that  Sir  Henry  delivered  him  so  much  money,  but  bound  him  and 
his  executors  to  render  the  same  at  Bantam  at  return,  if  he  did 
not  take  away  the  cable  with  him  into  the  Trade,  this  money  he 
still  keeps  employed  to  his  own  use,  although  I  told  him  that  it 
plainly  appeared  the  Worshipful  Company  bore  the  adventure  and 
therefore  would  look  to  have  the  profit.  Now  at  his  coming  to 
Bantam  and  seeing  nobody  question  with  him  about  the  [ 

]  out  that  the  money  was  paid  him  by  Sir  Henry  [ 
]  him,  whereas  all  men  know  he  had  for  payment  taken 
taffaties,  satins,  velvets  and  some  [  that  the  master 

revealed  this  money  because  the  Captain  would  not  let  him  have 
the  use  of  above  60  rials  thereof.  One  thing  more  which  concerns 
is  that,  after  he  had  given  his  warrant  for  the  landing  of  four  tubs 
containing  40  basins  worth  90  pagodas  from  the  ship  at  Masla- 
patam,  he  took  them  being  landed  to  his  own  account  upon  likeli- 
hood that  they  belonged  to  him  ;  but  he  saith  he  will  not  swear 
they  are  his,  nor  could  I  find  any  man  that  knew  of  the  coming 
aboard  of  more  than  3  tubs  of  basins,  which  besides  he  had. 
There  wants  of  our  number  above  50,  and  though  some  more  may 
be  shattered  than  are  in  the  account,  I  hold  it  very  likely  these 
tubs  may  be  your  Worship's  and  the  Company's.  If  Mr.  Spalding 
do  remember  that  some  of  the  basins  we  had  were  in  tubs,  then 
these  are  they.  The  rain  falling  upon  some  packs  of  Captain 
Saris  in  Bantam  yard  while  we  were  taking  the  porcelain  out  to 
be  shipped  as  we  might  measure  and  count  them,  caused  Mr.  Cocks 
so  to  thrust  in  the  packs  as  would  dam  up  our  way,  wherefore 
with  speed  gat  out  all  the  same  day,  and  rather  than  leave  them 
there,  shipped  them  presently,  giving  order  to  Paul  Hall,  Richard 
Bennet  and  the  purser  to  count  them  as  they  put  them  down  in 
hold,  but  they  notwithstanding,  because  of  the  night  approaching 
stowed  them  without  counting  ;  but  your  Worship  may  presume, 
and  Richard  Cobb  will  say,  that  what  was  sold  is  passed  to 
account,  some  spent  in  our  and  the  Captain's  house  left  out,  of 
which  Richard  Cobb  hath  also  the  account.  These  things  I 
rather  chose  to  trouble  your  Worship  withal  in  particular  than  in 
the  general  letter,  holding  it  in  my  judgment  most  fit  for  the  cause. 


EAST  INDIA   COMPANT/'S  RECORDS  <>■ 

Now  seeing  it  is  my  chance  to  remain  in  these  parts  time  beyond 
my  reckoning!  I  humbly  desire  yonr  Worship  to  be  pleased  to 
"use  to  be  passed  two  hundred  pounds  of  my  wages  into    h 
v„v.„  for  these  Indies,  of  which  100  for  Sural  and  the  other  100 
orTestpotan  etc.,  or  any  of  these  displeasing,  Bantam, ^hal 
/tllp  first  vovaee  I  adventured  no/,  in  another  mans 
^an    pnHnfimyVsuppg,y  the  second,  and  then  because  I  saw 
the  course  was  not  followed  yearly,  I  passed  it  away      Of  this 
I  write  only  to  show  I  am  not  a  mere  stranger  to  th.s  trade,  and 
oT  to  daL  privilege  by  it,  holding  all  nothing  withou ^  you 
Worship's  pleasure,  whose  prudent  rules  is  not  for  me  to  examine 
Twentv-five  pounds  more  I  desire  be  delivered  to  my  sister,  Ann 
G^mey!  which  will  attend  your  Worship's  pleasure  or  the  same 
And  as  my  wages  shall  grow  afterwards  till  two  hundred^ 
more  (I  sav  200*.),  I  desire  may  be  delivered  to  Mr.  William 
Rnch  and my  brier  Thomas  Gourney,  who  have  order  from 
m" "for  the  disposing  thereof.     If  my  adventuring  be  granted  I 
desire  that  my  bills  be  delivered  my  said  brother  or  to  Mr.  W.lbam 
pTnch      And'so,  with  my  hearty  prayer  to  Almighty  God  to  give 
you  increase  of  health  and  happiness,  -^^  ^^ 

John  Gourney. 


162 

Thomas  Herode  (master's  mate  of  the  Darling)  to  Sir  Thomas 
Smith.     Patania,  28th  of  July,  1614. 
IGHT  Worthy  Sir,  Having  certified  your  Worships  of 
all  which  hath  happened  to  us  until  the  Clove  departed, 
I  thought  good  likewise  to  certify  your  Worship  of  the 
=1     rest  of  our  proceedings  likewise,  and  having  so  good  an 
ODDortunity  to  write  as  happened  by  our  meeting  with  the  James 
where  n  wL  Captain  Marlowe,  my  very  good  friend,  and  having 
££Z  ship'and  all  things  fitted,  we  set  sad  from  Bantam 


9*  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

the  ioth  of  March  1613  and  we  arrived  at  Socadania  the  3rd  of  April 
iiM-i  where  we  found  our  nun  in  good  health,  but  altogi  ther  un- 
furnished with  moneys,  which  proved  to  be  a  it  hindrance 
to  the  Company,  f<>r,  if  we  might  believe  their  report,  they  had 

refused  1,000  carats  of  diamond-,  because  they  had  do  ■ 

buy  them,  and  further  their  1 1<  th  which  they  ha  v.-  is  rat  : 
that  they  cannot  si  11  verj  little  <  r  none  of  it,  which,  if  they  would 
have  sold  them  for  indifferent  rates,  they  might  have  had  but  little 
1< -it  ;  but  that  they  could  nol  d<>  and  be  out  of  danger  1  f  blame. 
And  they  informed  us  of  a  fact  try  that  they  had  setted  at  Sambas 
which  was  likewise  without  moneys;  wherefi  re  we  manned  a] 
with  our  own  men  and  sent  them  »  me  moneys,  unto  such  time 
that  we  should  take  better  advice  for  their  supply,  for  there  v 
junk  which  was  sent  from  Bantam  the  6th  of  Deceml^er  [613, 
which  was  not  arrived,  and  sh<-  had  asufficit  I  lPPty 

both  places,  and  the  cause  might  be,  as  I  supi>  rtly  want 

ol  experience  and  partly  that  they  are  uot  good  ships  upon  a  wind 
and  so  might  go  for  Ma<  iser,  and  then  could  not  come  till  the 
easterly  monsoon  was  come,  which  would  not  be  till  May  and  till 
then  we  could  not  go  for  Potania  ;  and  if  the  junk  should  not  have 
then  come  we  should  have  been  forced  to  have  given  over  our 
voyage  for  Potania  and  Siam,  or  else  have  left  them  unfurnished. 
Likewise  they  informed  us  of  Landock  (Landak),  and  that  the 
people  were  very  desirous  that  we  should  settle  a  factory  there, 
for  therehence  cometh  all  the  diamonds  and  most  part  of  the 
gold  and  great  store  of  bezoars,  by  which  encouragement  we 
attempted  in  like  case  with  our  own  men  also,  which  by  the 
savageness  of  the  people  of  the  Dyockes  (Dyaks),  which  lie  in  the 
river  of  purpose  to  take  off  all  the  heads  of  those  that  they  can 
overcome,  our  men  were  put  in  great  danger,  for  they  were 
assailed  with  1,500  men,  and  they  being  but  3  in  number  to  resist 
them,  whereof  Sophony  Cozucke  was  one ;  but  not  being  used  to 
powder  and  shot  they  had  not  long  continued,  but  for  all  their 
malice  they  were  fain  to  run  ashore  and  take  the  woods  for  their 
refuge,  the  Lord  so  fought  for  us  ;  but  doubting  whether  they 
might  make  any  more  forces  upon  them,  they  returned  unto  the 
ship  in  safety.  And  the  same  time  came  the  other  prow  from 
Sambas,  which  was  the  30th  day  of  April  1614  ;  and  having  all 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  93 

our  company  together  again,  we  manned  the  great  prow  with 
9  Englishmen,  which  was  well  provided  with  furniture,  and  in  her 
we  placed  3  murderers,  so  that  by  this  means  they  might  go  up 
perforce.  So  they  departed  the  6th  day  of  May,  and  having  better 
knowledge  of  the  river  they  might  perform  this  with  more  expedi- 
tion, for  when  they  were  come  into  the  river  they  met  with  their 
old  customers,  which  used  them  very  kindly  and  helped  them  to 
tow  up  the  river  (more  for  fear  than  for  love),  and  when  they 
came  almost  to  the  town,  which  is  above  120  leagues  up,  the 
Governor  of  Landock  met  with  them  and  gave  them  kind  enter- 
tainment ;  but  they  knew  some  of  the  men  that  were  in  the  prow, 
for  the  king  of  Sambas  had  promised  our  men  that  he  would 
meet  them  with  a  1,000  men,  which  they  of  Landock  had  intelli- 
gence of,  and  much  feared  our  men,  whereupon  they  sought  by 
treachery  what  they  could  not  do  by  force,  for  the  force  of  the 
whole  country  was  not  able  to  withstand  those  9  men,  for  they 
would  have  had  us  to  land  our  goods  and  our  victuals,  or  our  men 
to  light  [en]  our  prow  [  ]  they  should  haul  her  up  through 

the  fall,  which  they  refused  to  do,  but  seeing  they  could  not 
dispossess  them  of  their  prow  by  that  means,  they  sought  to  have 
split  her,  for  in  the  hauling  of  her  up  they  had  laid  a  rope  on  her 
quarter  and  let  go  her  head  first  and  she  went  against  the  rocks, 
but  God  preserved  them  in  this  as  in  the  rest,  for  one  of  our 
blacks  being  stepped  ashore  was  slain  and  with  a  hideous  noise 
they  let  fly  their  spatas  and  another  black  which  was  a  slave 
leapt  overboard  for  fear  and  they  think  that  he  was  also  slain ;  so 
in  this  sort  we  gave  them  over,  having  used  nothing  but  kindness. 
But,  Sir,  I  thought  good  to  certify  your  Worship  that  it  is  great 
pity  to  let  so  good  an  opportunity  slip,  for  with  the  charge  of 
20  men  it  may  be  obtained  in  one  year,  and  that  you  will  cause 
them  to  come  and  entreat  you  to  buy  their  stones,  and  to  give 
them  salt  and  rice  for  them  ;  for  there  is  an  island  some  18  leagues 
up  the  river,  which  you  may  fortify  upon,  and  the  small  murderers 
is  as  good  ordnance  as  any  man  will  wish  for  such  a  place,  and 
with  two  trees  you  may  boom  the  river  on  both  sides  and  then 
no  prow  can  pass  without  their  leave ;  for  they  can  as  possibly 
live  without  salt  and  rice  as  we  can  live  without  victuals,  and  they 
have  none  but  what  is  brought  to  them,  and  they  must  pass  by 


94  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

that  island  ;  for  it  is  reported  that  it  affordeth  3  or  4,000  carats 
of  diamonds  in  the  year,  besides  gold,  bezoars  and  wax.  Like- 
wise there  is  great  trade  to  Burnea  (Borneo?)  for  bezoars  and 
pearls,  for  it  is  reported  that  there  is  sold  for  60  or  80,000  rials  in 
the  year,  besides  the  hopes  of  cloth  which  you  may  put  away. 
Thus  having  spent  so  much  time  at  Socadania,  which  was  partly 
to  see  if  we  could  hear  any  news  of  the  junk,  which  I  thought 
might  be  put  for  Macasar,  which  fell  out  true,  and,  rather  than 
we  would  lie  all  this  time  idle,  we  undertook  the  aforesaid  busi- 
ness and  in  the  meantime  came  in  the  junk,  which  was  the 
22nd  of  May  1614  who  told  us  that  John  Williams  their  mer- 
chant was  dead.  So  after  her  arrival  we  settled  all  things  in 
good  sort  and  left  for  chief  Nathaniel  Courthope,  who  was  purser 
of  the  Trade,  of  whom  there  is  great  hopes  that  he  shall  do  your 
Worships  good  service,  and  thus  we  departed  the  13th  of  June 
from  Socadania  and  the  24th  of  the  same  we  fell  in  with  certain 
islands  in  the  latitude  of  6  degrees.  The  25th  day  we  saw  a  sail 
and  when  we  came  up  with  her  it  was  the  James  bound  for 
Potania  as  we  were,  where  we  arrived  the  30th  of  June,  1614,  in 
safety,  the  Lord  be  praised,  and  after  that  Captain  Marlowe 
heard  how  that  we  were  bound  for  Siam,  he  thought  it  fit  that 
we  should  take  in  their  goods  which  was  for  Siam,  for  his  ship 
had  been  long  out  and  very  much  eaten  between  wind  and  water 
and  had  great  need  to  be  careened,  wherefore  he  sent  Mr.  Davis 
to  a  place  some  14  leagues  to  the  westward  of  Potania  which  is 
called  Sangora  to  see  if  there  were  any  place  at  which  they  might 
trim  their  ship,  who  at  his  return  told  the  Captain  that  it  was  a 
very  fit  place.  Now  in  all  this  time  Captain  Marlowe  lent  us  his 
carpenters  and  any  other  help  we  had  need  of.  We  had  fitted  our 
ship  and  taken  in  all  their  goods  the  13th  day  of  July,  1614,  and  were 
fain  to  stay  for  the  merchants  were  behindhand  with  somewhat. 
He  fitted  us  also  with  a  new  main  topmast,  for  we  had  spent  ours, 
also  with  ropes  such  as  he  could  spare,  and  for  those  that  he  could 
not  spare  he  fitted  us  with  stuff  to  make  them,  also  we  furnished 
us  with  powder  or  anything  else  that  they  could  spare ;  and 
farther  by  Captain  Marlowe's  means  and  advice  we  make  no  doubt 
but  that  we  shall  make  you  a  good  voyage  to  the  Coast  of  Cor- 
mandell,  and  there  to  make  the  Darling  a  new  ship  again,  which 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  95 

if  Captain  Marlowe  shall  hear  of  before  his  going  from  Potania, 
he  hath  promised  me  to  leave  me  two  of  his  carpenters  for  our 
better  building  of  our  ship,  for  he  telleth  me  that  there  [is]  in  both 
places  staff  and  workmen,  but  only  one  or  two  to  plan  the  work, 
which  with  us  is  wanting  unless  he  help.  He  stayeth  upon 
nothing  but  for  our  going,  and  we  stay  upon  nothing  but  for  the 
merchants,  which  hath  now  been  this  12  days.  And  further,  I 
thought  good  to  certify  you  that  Captain  Marlowe  hath  a  draft  of 
the  coast  of  Borneo  so  far  as  I  have  seen,  which  is  from  the  lati- 
tude 20  30'  south  to  2°  north  latitute,  with  the  description  of  the 
river  of  Landock  and  the  river  Tient,  all  which  I  have  seen  but 
the  rivers,  and  those  I  took  from  my  mate,  for  the  which  I  crave 
pardon  for  my  neglect  in  not  sending  the  draft,  for  it  was  forgot 
when  I  came  to  write.  Thus  leaving  myself  to  your  worshipful 
censure  according  to  my  deserving,  and  not  making  any  doubt 
but  that  my  wife  shall  receive  my  wages  and  my  servant's  when 
the  books  shall  come  home,  and  thus  I  end  praying  that  the  Lord 
will  bless  you  and  your  proceedings.  From  aboard  the  Darling 
in  the  road  of  Potania  the  28th  of  July  1614,  which  day  we  set  sail 
to  go  for  Siam. 

Your  servant  to  command, 

Thomas  Herode. 

Right  Worshipful,  By  an  accident  that  befell  amongst  the 
James  his  men  in  the  night  the  14th  day  of  July,  1614,  one  of  the 
master's  mates  being  ashore  murdered  another  of  their  men, 
which  caused  us  to  stay  two  days  longer  and  in  the  meantime  I 
had  leisure  and  made  a  draft  and  sent  it  to  your  Worship  by 
Captain  Marlowe. 


EAST  IXD/A    COMPAXVS  RECORDS 


163 

Thomas  Aldworthe  and  William  Biddulph  to  the  East 
India  Company. 

Laws  Deo  in  Sur.it,  the  19th  of  August,  I014. 

[GHT  Worshipful,  Our  duties  remembered,  etc. 
it  please  you  to  1"-  advertised  that  the  7th  of  October 
and  the  <itli  of  November  [61  ;  we  wrote  you  at   large 
of   all  what  passed  here  with  us  until  then  per  the 
Janus  fr.>m  M  tan,  with  the  F  our  former  letters,  which 

we  hope  before  tin  or  hands;  since  winch  tune 

your  Worships  shall  now  perceive  the  state  of  this  country,  1 
have  now  per  experience  found  it.  which  is  thus.     As  in  our  last 
we  v  acerning  the  Portingals  taking  a  ship  of  this  town,  to 

the  value  of  one  hundred  thousand  pounds  sterling,  and  that  we 
doubted  of  a  breach  of  peace  between  this  Icing  and  the-  Portin- 
gals, so  we  now  find  it  to  fall  out  accordingly,  for  that  the  king 
caused  a  city  of  the  Portingals  called  Damaen  (Damaun)  to  be 
besieged,  and  hath  likewise  taken  order  for  the  seizing  of  all 
Portingals  and  their  goods  within  his  kingdoms.  He  hath  like- 
wise sealed  up  their  church  doors  and  hath  given  order  that  they 
shall  no  more  use  the  exercise  of  their  religion  in  these  parts,  and 
beyond  all  this  he  hath  caused  Xavier  the  great  Jesuit,  whom 
before  he  loved,  to  be  sent  down  hither  unto  Mocrob  Chan,  who 
now  layeth  siege  unto  Damaen,  to  do  with  him  as  he  shall  see 
good.  Insomuch  that  had  we  now  English  shipping  here,  we 
might  do  great  good  in  matter  of  trade,  which  now  is  debarred  to 
the  people  of  this  country,  having  none  to  deal  with  them.  They 
all  here  much  wish  for  the  coming  of  our  English  ships,  not  only 
for  trade  but  to  help  them,  for  as  they  say  the  coming  of  our 
ships  will  much  daunt  the  Portingals,  which  indeed  we  think 
without  them  they  will  never  be  able  to  take  that  citv,  vet  have 
they  spoiled  and  burnt  all  the  Aldeas  and  villages  round  about 
them,  which  is  more  loss  unto  the  Portingals  than  the  gain  of  the 
100,000/.  they  took  in  the  ship  of  Suratt.  So  now  they  remain 
killing  one  another,  and  making  all  provisions  they  can  on  both 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  97 

sides  for  annoyance,  so  what  the  event  hereof  will  be  we  yet 
know  not.  The  Portingals  threaten  much  to  take  Surat,  which 
we  find  not  so  well  fortified  as  we  could  wish.  They  are  now 
making  a  great  Armado  to  come  from  Goa  forthwith,  both  ships 
and  frigates,  and  so  have  they  many  enemies  to  encounter  withal, 
namely  the  Decanyes,  the  Flemings  and  the  Moors  and  Guzerats, 
besides  our  English,  and  they  themselves  but  weak,  when  they 
are  at  best. 

Now  as  for  our  entertainment  here  in  this  country  your 
Worships  shall  perceive  that  it  is  not  otherwise  than  formerly  we 
have  written,  having  here  as  much  liberty  as  ourselves  can  with 
reason  desire,  and  all  these  people  here  generally  much  more 
affecting  us  than  the  Portingals,  and  showing  us  kindness  in 
what  they  may.  Likewise  for  our  commodities,  we  find  them  all 
passable  here  except  only  our  English  cloth,  wherein  we  were 
much  all  deceived.  For  at  our  first  coming  hither  they  all  strived 
who  should  have  most,  and  paid  20  and  22  mamoodies  per 
covado,  which  served  only  for  great  men,  in  regard  of  the 
novelty,  to  cover  some  of  their  elephants  and  to  make  some 
saddles  for  their  horses  ;  but  for  garments  they  use  none  in  these 
parts,  neither  in  rainy  nor  cold  weather.  All  which  we  could 
not  know  until  the  next  winter  after  our  ship's  departure  and 
until  after  our  being  in  Amadavaz  (Ahmadabad)  and  other  places, 
where  we  learned  the  whole  state  of  this  country.  Yet  we 
received  a  letter  of  Paul  Canning  from  Agra,  wherein  he  wrote 
us  of  2,000  cloths  to  be  vented  in  a  month  in  that  place,  but  we 
afterwards  sending  up  musters  thither  of  some  20  cloths  we  have 
yet  here  by  us,  received  answer  that  they  would  in  no  sort  vent 
there,  which  hath  much  dismayed  us,  insomuch  that  we  verily 
think  here  will  not  be  vented  above  300  cloths  per  annum  in  the 
whole  country  at  most,  which  if  it  be  not  vented  within  compass  ' 
of  one  year  it  will  run  hazard  of  being  spoiled  with  worms  and 
moths.  This  matter  hath  much  discouraged  us  to  have  so  great 
a  fall  from  our  first  hopes,  for  our  General  himself  thought  here 
would  have  been  vented  2  or  3,000  cloths  per  annum  at  least,  and 
ourselves  hoped  for  little  less,  notwithstanding  we  wrote  you 
more  sparingly ;  and  now,  lest  your  Worships  should  enter  into 
bargain  for  more  than  may  well  be  vented  here,  we  thought  fit  to 
Y 1268.  h 


98  EAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

advertise  you  of  the  truth  herein,  for  certainly  this  place  is  not  f<>r 
cloth,  as  we  first  expected.  Notwithstanding  the  premises,  that 
you  may  imt  be  utterly  discount  a  sh.ill  | 

that  we  have  now   made  full   enquiry  concerning  the 
l      i a,  where  we  are  certainly  informed  of  the  vent  of  much  cloth 
in  regard  their  country  is  cold  and  that  men,  women  and  chil- 
dren are  clothed  therewith  some  five  months  in  the  year,  and  is 
v<  iv  well  sold  and  at  a  better  rate  than  here,  and  what  they  I 
is  brought  overland  from  Aleppo  with  great  charge.    We  write 
not  this  upon  any  slight  information,  but  have  had  confer 
with  people  of  all  sorts  that  have  come  therehence,  and  1 
by  a  countryman  of  ours  named  Kit  hard  Steele,  who  came  from 
Aleppo  overland,  in  company  with  one  Newman  that  went  after 
John  Midnall  into  Persia,  to  recover  goods  from  him  belongil 
Mr.  Stapers,  Mr.  Abbott  and  others,  where  he  took  some  , 
amounting  to  9,000  dollars  or  thereabouts,  and  Midnall 
with  the  rest,  taking  an  acquittance  from  Newman  for  tin 
sum.    This  Midnall  afoi  ime  to  the  king's  court 

mere  (Ajmere)  in  the  beginning  of  April  last  and  died  there  in 
June  following,  making  a  Frenchman,  that  came  with  him  from 
Persia,    his    executor,    on    condition    he    should    marry  with  a 
daughter  of  his  now  in  Persia.     But  we  hearing  of  it  have  ca 
the  said  goods  in  the  said  Frenchman's  hands  to  be  atl 
and  are  in  some  hope  to  recover  it,  there  being  mm  h  -pent  in  his 
sickness,  and  embezzled  per  the  Frenchman  since  his  death,  in 
whose  house  he  lay.    What  may  be  done  for  the  recovery  tin 
God  willing,  shall  be  done  with  our  best  endeavours,  and  so  must 
the  owners  thereof  at  home  send  us  a  sufficient  discharge,  for 
that   we   are   here   bound    to    answer    all   comers.       What    the 
remainder  thereof  will   he  we   know  not  as  yet.     This    Kit  hard 
Steele  aforesaid  is  now  in  house  with  us,  and  hath  certified  us  of 
the  whole  trade  of  Persia,  per  whom  we  find   that  raw   silk   is 
there  to  be  had  per  more  than  50  per  cent,  better  cheap  than 
from  Aleppo  ;  for  which   purpose  Mr.  Aldworthe  hath  enquired 
concerning  a  port  town  where  our  ships  may  resort,  and  i- 
tainly   informed   of   a  place    called  Jasques,  a  little  within  the 
entrance  of  the  Gulf  of  Persia  at  a  headland,  as  will  appear  in 
the  maps,  being  some  40  leagues  on  this  side  Ormus,  and  not  so 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  -^9 

in  danger  of  the  Portingals  as  Barreen  (Bahrein),  whereof  we 
wrote  you  last.  It  is  some  12  days  sailing  herehence,  and  here 
have  we  pilots  to  bring  our  ships  thither.  So  that  hereafter,  if 
we  find  ourselves  to  be  overlaid  with  cloth,  then  have  we  no 
remedy  but  to  go  thither,  the  king  of  Persia  being  one  that 
much  favoureth  our  nation,  by  the  report  of  all  that  come  there- 
hence,  and  is  of  late  fallen  out  with  the  Portingals,  insomuch  we 
shall  never  have  a  better  occasion  than  now.  Furthermore  your 
Worships  shall  perceive  that  about  September  last  Sir  Robert 
Sherley  arrived  at  Sinda,  within  this  king's  dominions,  thinking 
therehence  to  have  gone  direct  for  Persia,  but  there  being  many 
Portingals  in  the  town,  instigated  the  people  thereof  against  him, 
insomuch  that  they  attempted  to  have  burnt  him  and  all  his  by 
night  in  his  house  with  gunpowder,  in  which  action  one  or  two 
of  his  chiefest  men  were  slain,  himself  and  the  rest  hardly  used, 
which  afterwards  came  to  the  king's  ear,  who  presently  sent  for 
him  up,  and  on  the  way  all  the  rest  of  his  men  died  save  only 
[an]  apothecary  which  we  think  will  come  to  Suratt.  Sir  Robert 
came  to  the  king's  court  in  June  last,  where  he  hath  been  very 
honourably  entertained,  with  great  gifts  given  him  per  the  king, 
who  means  forthwith  to  despatch  him  on  his  journey  for  Persia, 
the  king  having  promised  to  do  justice  on  all  that  wronged  him, 
having  sent  for  them  on  purpose  already.  His  ship  departed 
presently  on  his  landing  towards  Bantam,  not  knowing  of  any 
English  here.  Sir  Robert  hath  told  Tho.  Keridge,  who  remaineth 
above  in  Agemere,  that  if  the  English  come  not  shortly  into 
Persia,  as  he  hath  advised,  that  then  he  will  bring  the  Dutch 
into  that  trade,  who  (as  he  saith)  have  been  very  importunate 
on  him  for  it.  Mr.  Aldworthe  hath  written  him  a  letter,  whose 
answer  we  expect  shortly.  Furthermore  these  are  giving  you  to 
understand  that,  having  formerly  written  to  Meslepotan,  we 
received  letters  therehence  at  present  with  musters  of  indigo  and 
cotton  yarn  and  their  prices,  whereby  we  guess  that  cotton  yarn 
with  other  coloured  calicoes  are  there  to  be  had  better  cheap  than 
here,  yet  we  hold  the  indigo  of  this  place  to  be  better  and  better 
cheap  than  at  Meslepotann,  which  to  the  proof  we  refer  us  ;  inso- 
much that  the  chiefest  commodity  of  this  place  for  our  country 
will  be  indigo,  flat  and  round,  white  calicoes,  and  powder  sugar, 

h  2 


too  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

besides  preen  ginger  of  the   best,  and   other  small  things.     The 
chiefest  commodities  of  our  country  ait   V  ad,  quicksilver,  ■  few 
elephants'  teeth  of  the  best  (for  that  they  will  ool  yield  i 
monly  above  ill.  pei    English  hundred),  likewise  coral,  which  is 
now  in  {  t,  and  desire  thai  some  ma] 

first,  besid<  i  sword  blad<  :.  with  other  small  things  as  in  our 
former  letters.    As  concerning  tin-  death  of  Mr.  Paul  Canning, 

Iso  about  the  sending  a  sufficient  man  to  be  resident 
with  the  king,  with  all  other  things  needful,  we  have  formerly 
written  yon  at  large  per  the  James,  whereunto 

And  now  lastly  for  that  your  Worships  may  understand  how 
yum  th  us,  it  is  briefly  in  this  manner.    Our 

genera]  at  his  1"  ing  here  delivered  us  tir>t  and  last  in  g 
moneys  to  the  value  of  j.w^l-  sterling.    Whereof  we  delivered 
him  in  good  i  as  pei  .^57 

More  paid  for  (  nstoms  <>f  and  de- ^ 

livered    Mi.    Canning,   the    General   for 

himself,  and  purser  for  the  .-hip's  use,} 2,300 
with  charges  of  merchandise  and  house- 
hold expense  s,  sum  of     ..... 

More  for  indigo  flat  and  round  in  our  powers     1,000 
More  for  baftas  and  other  small  things  in 
our  powers o. 

5^57 

More  there  resteth  in  our  powers  sum  of     -    1,583 

:• ; ; 

And  for  that  the  disbursements   abovesaid  may  seem 
without  particulars,  we  have  herewith  sent  a  small  note  how  it 
was  paid  out. 

At  present  here  remaineth  in  the  house  with  us  Edward  Hunt 
and  the  Almaigne  before  written  of,  Mr.  Aldworth's  servant  being 
now  at  Borocha  (Broach),  looking  to  the  well  bleaching  of  white 
calicoes  which  we  bought  raw  at  best  hand  ;  as  for  Tho.  Keri 
and  Nicholas  Withington  they  are  both  at  Agra  for  the  emplo\  ing 
500/.  sterling  in  the  best  round  indigo,  whereby  it  may  be  known 
hereafter,  whether  it  or  flat  indigo  will  be  best  in  their  prices. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  101 

Now  your  Worships  shall  perceive  that  William  More  at  his 
going  herehence  left  with  William  Biddulph  400  rials  of  eight 
in  the  presence  of  two  or  three  more,  wishing  him  [to]  keep  it 
until  it  were  asked  for ;  the  money  is  here  with  us,  but  his 
meaning  therein  is  yet  unknown  unto  us.  He  left  also  a  pack 
of  blue  calicoes  to  the  value  of  60  or  80  rials  more,  which  yet 
remaineth  here.  Thus  not  having  farther  at  present  to  enlarge, 
do  humbly  take  our  leaves,  commending  your  Worships  all  to 
God's  merciful  protection, 

Your  Worships'  to  be  commanded, 

Tho.  Aldworth, 
Wm.  Biddulph. 
The  note  referred  to  : — 

£ 

Charges  of  merchandise       ....  0,765 

Presents  given  away 0,117 

Household  expenses  two  years     -         -         -  0,500 

Delivered  Mr.  Canning  for  Agra  -         -         -  0,54c 

Disbursed  for  the  General    -  °>°57 

Purser  and  others  for  the  ship's  use      -         -  0,221 

Starkey  at  his  going  home   -  0,100 


164 

Thomas  Aldworthe  to  Peter  Floris  at  Masulipatam. 
Surat,  this  19th  of  August  1614.     Stilo  Ang. 
Received  from  Mr.  Floris,  6th  of  September,  1615. 
OOD  Mr.  Peter  Floris,  My  kind  commendations  remem- 
bered etc.     Yours  of  the  [torn]  of  June  last  I  received 
but  two  days  past,  the  pattamar  playing  the  villain 
therein,  for  he  stayed  in  the  way  at  his  pleasure  and 
leisure,  whereby  I   fear  our  letters  are  like  to  come  too  short. 
Howsoever  I  have  adventured  to.  send  this  bearer  with  them,  who 
hath  promised  to  be  there  within   25  days,  except  some  extraor- 


102  EAST   INDIA    COMPAXrS  RECORDS 

dinary  accident  befall  him  in  the  way.  Your  musters  of  cotton 
yarn  and  indigo  I  received  therewith,  perceiving  your  cotton  yarn 
to  be  better  and  better  cheap  than  any  is  here  to  be  had,  WH 
upon  we  mean  to  desist  from  buying  anymore  of  that  commodity, 
having  not  yet  bought  above  the  value  of  I20&  sterling;  yd  you 
shall  know  that  at  first  I  sent  you  also  musters  of  our  cotton 
yarn,  with  right  musters  of  indigo,  of  both  which  your  pattamai 
was  robbed  in  the  way,  and  myself  being  in  Barocha  when  I  last 
wrote  you,  was  sick  and  could  have  neither  good  musters  of 
cotton  yarn  nor  indigo  u  I  desired,  yd  wrote  you  what  I  then 
could.  But  as  for  your  musters  of  indigo,  we  find  and  generally 
know  that  most  part  of  what  is  made  in  those  parts  to  be  very 
deceitful  and  so  full  of  dross  that  all  things  considered  we  hold 
the  indigo  of  these  parts  to  be  better  in  their  prices,  and  an 
example  of  fiat  indigo,  whereof  we  have  already  bought,  I  do 
now  send  you  herewith,  being  three  small  pieces  in  a  paper  and 
cost  some  13^/.  per  pound,  which  we  think  to  be  better  than  your 
[last  ?J ,  yet  your  bargain  will  not  be  amiss,  though  your  two 
coarser  sorts  arc  very  bad  and  full  of  dirt.  As  for  our  white 
calicoes,  we  doubt  not  but  they  will  make  three  for  one  at  least, 
yet  will  we  buy  no  more  except  better  cheap.  I  am  sorry  to  hear 
of  the  death  of  Mr.  Essington  and  of  the  destruction  of  that 
famous  ship  at  Bantam.  I  now  perceive  by  yours  of  your  deter- 
mination for  Bantam  forthwith,  which  I  before  thought  would 
not  have  been  until  Christmas  next,  and  therefore  have  sent  this 
bearer  on  purpose  with  our  letters  to  the  Worshipful  Company, 
desiring  you  to  take  care  for  the  safe  delivery  of  them,  as  we 
shall  be  ready  here  to  do  the  like  for  you  when  occasion  shall 
serve.  As  for  any  English  ship,  here  came  none  since  our  Gene- 
ral's departure,  neither  do  I  know  any  such  Englishman  as  you 
write  of,  for  none  such  came  hither.  As  for  Midnall,  unto  whom 
you  wrote  your  letter  to  Bramport,  he  died  in  June  last  in  a  place 
called  Agimer.  Your  money  per  the  pattamar  with  much  ado  I 
received,  and  so  thanking  you  for  your  kind  respect  and  advice 
in  haste  I  leave  you,  and  commend  you  to  God's  most  merciful 
protection,  who  send  you  safe  home. 

Your  very  loving  friend, 

Tho.  Aldworth. 


EAS7    INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  103 

165 

Thomas  Keridge  to  the  East  India  Company. 
By  the  Hope. 
Laus  Deo  in  Agemere,  the  20th  September,  1614. 

ONOURABLE  and  Right  Worshipful, 

My  humble  duty  being  remembered,  these  may 
be  to  signify  unto  your  Worships  that  per  Anthony 
Starkey,  steward  of  the  Dragon,  in  our  general  letter 
from  Suratt,  we  certified  your  Worships  of  all  till  then  passed,  who 
departed  from  thence  in  January  1612  per  way  of  Perseia  to  travel 
home  by  land,  the  copy  of  which  letters,  with  others  more  large, 
we  sent  per  a  foot  post  on  purpose,  by  way  of  the  Red  Sea,  unto 
Aleppo,  whom  Mr.  Aldworthe  adviseth  me  miscarried,  the  copies 
whereof  he  hath  sent  to  Muselepatan,  whereunto  I  refer  me. 

Mr.  Paul  Canning  within  six  weeks  after  his  coming  to  Agra 
died  of  a  flux,  whereof  we  having  intelligence,  the  Agent  etc. 
appointed  me  to  go  thither  to  understand  of  the  estate  of  our 
business,  and  to  take  account  of  things  left.  Where  when  I 
came,  I  perceived  all  the  goods,  as  well  that  appertaining  to  your 
Worships  as  his  own  apparel  etc.  had  been  carried  before  the 
king,  which  having  viewed  he  took  such  things  as  liked  him, 
and  sent  the  rest  back  to  the  house  again.  For  the  things  which 
he  took,  according  to  the  cost  they  were  priced  (as  dead  men's 
goods  are)  something  under  value,  and  at  my  suit  the  moneys 
was  paid  unto  me,  whereof  I  sent  account  to  the  Agent,  where 
Mr.  Canning  standeth  charged  with  the  goods  delivered  him ; 
and  for  those  things  which  appertained  to  him  in  particular  part, 
I  have  sent  down  (his  clothes  etc.  remaining  in  Agra). 

The  businesses  committed  to  Mr.  Canning  were,  to  procure 
the  king's  seal  to  the  articles  agreed  on  betwixt  the  chiefs  of 
Suratt  and  the  General  Tho.  Best,  to  procure  a  fit  place  for  our 
shipping  to  ride,  and  there  to  fortify  for  defence  against  the 
enemy,  and  lastly  an  answer  to  the  king  of  England's  letter. 
Of  these  nothing  was  effected,  neither  had  Mr.  Canning  confer- 
ence with  the  king,  but  only  that  day  when  he  delivered  his 
present,  and  was  referred  unto  Mocrob  Chan,  a  nobleman  in  this 


i    i  BAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECOUPS 

court,  for  answer  and  despatch  to  his  businesses.  This  Mocrob 
Chan  is  governor  of  Cambaya  (whom  Sir  Henry  Middleton,  Cap- 
tain Hawkins  and  divers  English  have  had  ezp  of)  unto 
whom  I  was  also  referred  in  the  selfsame  manner.  At  this  time 
the  king  was  preparing  to  Bet  forth  for  this  place  where  he  now 
is,  and  from  hence  hath  sent  one  of  his  sons,  Sultan  Chorom, 
with  an  army  of  20  thousand  horse  for  the  fetching  in  <»f  the 
Rana,  an  Indian  Prince  lure  in  the  mountains,  whom  none  of 
his  ancestors  could  bring  to  obedience  ;  l>y  means  whereof  I 
constrained  t<>  follow  the  court  for  answer  to  the  aforesaid  busi- 

which  .six  months  I  did  and  still  delayed  by  the  afon 
Mocrob  Chan,  sometimes  contending  about  tl.  taken  by  Sir 

Henry  in  the  Red  Sea,  l>ut  most  times,  and  ever  with  a  pleasing 
conclusion,  that  all  should  he  effected  to  our  content.  In  the  in- 
terim Ik  re.  >f  the  P<  irtingals  took  a  ship  belonging  to  Suratt  valued 
at  8  or  goo  thousand  dollars,  capturing  all  their  young  and  a' 

people;  whereupon  the  king  ordained  Mocrob  Chan  to  repair  to 
Suratt  and  there,  if  not  by  peace  with  wars,  to  se.k  restitution. 
Before  his  departure  I  laboured  much  with  him  and  other  nobles 
for  the  effecting  of  our  said  businesses,  but  as  he  formerly  in  par- 
ticular, so  now  they  in  general  answered  that  the  king's  seal  to 
the  articles  were  needless,  for  that  the  firman  already  given  rati- 
fied in  express  words  the  same,  but  for  the  rest  they  promised  to 
assist  me  in  my  petition  to  the  king,  which  when  I  delivered,  he 
answered  it  should  be  effected,  and  accordingly  a  firman 
delivered  unto  Mocrob  Chan  authorising  him  to  give  convenient 
place  to  the  English  to  fortify  in,  provided  it  might  redound  to 
the  profit  of  the  king  etc.  Mocrob  Chan  being  departed,  I 
received  from  Surat  the  copy  of  our  king's  letter  in  English  and 
Portuguese,  which  I  got  translated  into  the  Persian  tongue  and 
delivered  it  the  king,  supplicating  his  answer  thereunto,  who 
willed  my  attendance  the  next  day,  where  when  I  came  he  ap- 
pointed me  to  repair  unto  Mocrob  Chan,  for  that  he  had  given 
him  order  to  effect  all  things  to  our  content,  and  though  I  urged 
that  Mocrob  Chan  could  give  no  answer  to  our  king's  letter,  yet 
I  prevailed  nothing;  but,  giving  me  a  vest  and  a  horse,  he 
licensed  my  departure  undemanded.  At  this  time  here  came 
unto  me  one  Richard  Steele   an  Englishman,  that  came  from 


EAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECORDS  T05 

Aleppo  in  company  of  Richard  Newman,  in  the  pursuit  of  John 
Midnall,  who  with  a  cavidall  of  goods  and  monies  appertaining 
to  some  particular  merchants  of  your  Worshipful  Company  fled 
from  Perseia  to  come  into  the  Indies,  but  the  said  Newman  over- 
took him  at  Tombaz,  near  the  confines,  and  carried  him  back 
again  to  Espahaune  (Ispahan),  where  he  received  from  him  in  goods 
and  monies  the  value  of  some  nine  thousand  dollars,  giving  him  a 
full  discharge  from  all  future  demands  ;  which  ended,  Midnall 
undertook  again  his  journey  into  these  parts,  and  Steele  upon 
some  discontent  betwixt  Newman  and  him  left  him,  and  came 
along  in  the  company  of  Midnall,  who  falling  sick  at  Lahore, 
he  left  him  there  also,  and  came  hither  unto  me,  where  failing 
of  his  expectation  he  returned  back  to  Agra,  there  to  attend 
MidnalPs  coming. 

My  licence  by  the  king  thus  given,  and  receiving  letters  from 
the   Agent   to   repair    down,    I    departed   accordingly,    advising 
Mr.  Aldworthe  of  the  past   concerning  Midnall,  whose  coming 
hither  was  expected,  for  which  cause  I  left  my  linguist  behind  me 
to  advise  of  his  proceedings,  who  about  a  month  after  my  depar- 
ture came  to  Agemere  very  sick,  whereof  having  advice,  I  being 
then  in  Amadabaz,  Mr.  Aldworthe  wrote  me  to  return  to  Age- 
mere,  and  sent  me  his  letter  of  attorney  in  your  Worships'  behalf 
to  prosecute  against  Midnall  for  the  rest  of  the  goods.     Where 
when  I  came  I  found  him  at  the  point  of  death,  lodged  by  the 
Jesuits  in  the  house  of  a  Frenchman  that  is  here  in  the  king's 
service,  and  the  same  night  departed  this  life,  having  disposed  his 
goods  by  testament  unto  two  bastard  children  which  he  hath  in 
Perseia  begotten  of  an  Indian  woman  at  his  former  being  here, 
and  made  this  Frenchman  his  executor,  who  promised  to  marry 
his  daughter  and  bring  up  his  son.     The  king  at  that  time  was 
a-h'unting,  at  whose  return,  eight  days  after  Midnall's  death,  I 
sued  unto  him  to  have  the  goods    deposited  until  it  might  be 
known  who   had   best    title   thereunto,  which    he  granted,  and 
though  the  Frenchman's  house  were  searched  and  himself  im- 
prisoned and  disgraced,  yet  all    that  was  found  amounted  but 
to  some  five  hundred  pounds  or  thereabouts,  the  greatest  part 
whereof  is  ready  money,  proceed  of  goods  sold  here  at  50  per 
cent,  less  than  their  value  (and  cost  more  in  Perseia  than  sold 


io6  EAST  INDIA   COA/PAXVS  Rf.COKDS 

for),  which  money?;  and  goods  the  Jesuits,  Frenchman  etc.  labour 
With  presents  and  their  lust  friends  to  regain  the  Mine, proffering 
the  one  half  to  procure  the  other,  alleging  the  children's  right 
and  the  discharge  given  Midnall  by  Mr.  Newman,  which  they 
have  extant  in  English  and  Portuguese,  witnessed  by  friars, 
Armenians  and  English.  So  I  am  constrained  to  give  presents 
also  and  promise  more  to  defend  the  Bame,  and  have  hope  that 
upon  the  receipt  of  such  letters  from  Suratt  as  I  have  ad\ :  1 
Mr.  Aldworthe  to  procure,  to  get  it  into  my  possession,  which 
obtained  I  shall  see  if  anything  more  may  be  had  from  the 
I        ehman. 

Mr.  Aldworthe  upon  my  advice  made  up  500/.  by  exchange  to 
be  invested  in  indigo,  and,  beta  I  ••  1  alone,  he  sent  Nicho. 
Withington  to  assist  me,  who  coming  np  by  another  way  I  wrote 
him  to  stay  in  the  1  i  near  Agra  where  indigo  is  m 

where  he  hath  delivered  the  part  of  th<'  said  sum  before" 

h.md.  to  be  pud  when  ind  idy,  which  is  a  custom  and 

the  cheapest  course  of  buying;  at  the  receiving,  God  willing,  I 
purpose  to  be  there. 

In  November  1613  the  Expedition  arrived  at  Laurebander, 
the  port  of  Sinda,  and  there  disembarked  Sir  Robert  Sherley 
and  his  company,  at  which  place  there  are  continually  res: 
many  Portingals,  by  whose  plots  and  persuasions  the  port 
governor  denied  our  people  trade,  by  which  means  they  departed 
towards  Pryaman  etc.  without  knowledge  of  our  factory 
Suratt;  after  whose  departure  Sir  Robert  sought   fa  into 

Perscia,  but  was  by  the  governor  detained  for  the  king's  answer, 
wherein  being  delayed  he  attempted  his  departure  without 
license,  but  was  fetched  back  again,  one  of  his  people  slain,  and 
the  rest  beaten  and  robbed.  Few  days  after,  the  king's  letter 
came,  commanding  the  governor  to  treat  him  courteously,  to  give 
him  assistance  and  send  him  to  the  Court,  who  now  fearing  the 
event  of  the  injuries  done  conspired  with  the  Portingals  to  mis- 
chief the  English,  which  they  put  in  practice  and  in  the  dead  of 
night  some  40  or  50  of  them  with  pots  of  powder  and  suchlike 
provision  burnt  their  house,  yet  in  the  end  they  were  cxpulsed 
without  effecting  their  purposes.  Sir  Robert  being  come  to  this 
court  complained  of  all  these  wrongs.     The  king  used  him  cour- 


EAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECORDS  107 

teously,  and  willed  his  stay  two  months  for  satisfaction  and  to 
see  justice  done  on  the  offenders.  The  governor's  house,  by  the 
king's  command,  was  sacked  and  himself  clapt  in  irons,  but  the 
Portingals  went  from  thence.  Sir  Robert  having  stayed  here 
three  months,  ten  days  past  departed  towards  Agra,  purposing 
from  thence  to  proceed  on  his  journey  for  Persia,  the  king 
having  given  him  at  times  since  his  coming  hither  some  12,000 
rupees  in  money,  and  half  as  much  more  to  him  and  his  wife  in 
jewels,  yet  he  discontented,  for  [he]  demanded  100,000  rupees  for 
his  losses,  which  the  king  seeing  unreasonable  answered  that  his 
ambassador  now  going  should  answer  it  unto  the  king  of  Perseia 
etc.  The  English  that  came  with  him  since  their  landing  are  all 
dead,  an  apothecary  only  excepted,  who  left  his  service  also. 

Concerning  the  wars  twixt  this  people  and  the  Portingals  I 
refer  me  to  Mr.  Aldworthe's  writing,  who  is  near  there  where  it  is 
in  action,  and  therefore  can  best  advise  of  the  likelihood  of  the 
event.  The  king  here  hath  caused  the  Jesuits'  churches  to  be 
shut  up,  debarring  them  from  public  exercise  of  their  religion  and 
hath  taken  their  allowances  from  them,  yet  their  goods  untouched, 
the  merchants  and  their  goods  embargoed,  the  ports  shut  up  and 
no  passage  by  sea.  The  Vice-king,  as  is  reported,  proposeth  to 
be  at  the  bar  of  Suratt  with  shipping  to  intercept  the  English 
expected,  as  also  to  work  some  exploit  against  this  people  if 
peace  is  not  concluded.  God  grant  that  all  things  sort  to  a  good 
conclusion,  etc. 

In  our  general  letters  to  your  Worships  we  wrote  you  what 
goods  were  vendible  in  these  parts  and  advised  for  1,000  broad- 
cloths, whereunto  we  were  encouraged  by  the  speedy  sale  of  that 
we  brought ;  yet  since  my  coming  hither  Mr.  Aldworthe  adviseth 
me  that  those  left  sell  very  slowly,  and  sent  me  some  musters  to 
show  here,  but  they  are  blues  and  sad  colours,  so  will  not  sell  at 
any  hand  ;  if  reds,  greens,  yellows  and  such  light  colours  they 
would  soon  be  put  off,  for  great  quantities  are  here  used.  Sir 
Robert  Sherley  brought  some  300  covados,  most  stamells  and  the 
rest  light  colours,  and  sold  them  altogether  at  14  rupees  the 
covado,  which  is  120  per  cent,  more  than  they  cost  in  England. 
I  see  no  reason  I  should  discourage  you  from  sending  quan- 
tities, for  abundance  is  here  used  and  they  much  desire  Christian 


io8  T  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

cloth.    Notwithstanding,  seeing  they  an  rdinary  addicted 

to  novelties  and  soon  satisfied,  I  wish  that  in  your  first  shipping 
you  send  not  past  four  or  five  hundred,  which  being  once  dis- 

I  in  these  countries,  we  shall  have  more  certain  expeii 
how  to  advise  futurely.     i  must  be  had  in  tl  'ness 

of  cloth  and  colour.    Tl  lose-wrought  and  thick  cloth 

yel  soft  in  handling  (such  as  i^  the  Venice  cloth,  which  they 
esteem  above  ours),  for  they  use  it  in  coverings  for  elephants, 
camels,  coa<  '  No  Coarse  cloth  at  any  hind,  for 

here  is  abundance  made  cheaper  than  to  be  had  in  England* 
For  all  other  commodities  both  for  quantity  and  quality,  1  i 
your  Worships  to  our  genera] 

And  for  the  better  continuance  of  your  factory  here  it  is 
requisite  thai  a  lieger  be  sent  to  be  continually  resident  in  this 
court,  and  if  possible  that  he  have  either  the  Persian  or  the 
Turkish  tongue  so  facile  to  have  audience  at  his  pleasure,  which 
otherwise  is  more  difficult  and  less  effectual,  and  whom  you  send 
should  by  your  Worships  be  appointed  for  that  business,  which 
will  cause  his  esteem  the  betti  t  here,  an  1  with  him  such  a  pre- 
sent as  is  fit  for  the  greatness  of  this  prince,  in  the  name  of  the 
king  of  England.  For  Mr.  Canning  at  the  delivery  of  his  ; 
sent,  being  willed  to  speak  the  truth,  answered  the  letter  he 
brought  was  from  his  king  and  the  present  from  the  merchants, 
whereof  the  Jesuits  being  present  made  a  sinister  construction  to 
the  king.  The  cloth  the  king  looked  not  on  it,  only  a  glass, 
knives,  a  pair  of  gloves,  and  such  toys  he  was  delighted  with. 
Some  rich  cloth  of  arras  or  tapestry  in  my  opinion  were  fitter, 
sword  blades  of  the  country  fashion,  fair  knives  in  pairs  and 
otherwise,  rich  looking  glasses,  fair  pictures,  or  anything  that  is 
rare.  Sir  Robert  Sherley  amongst  divers  toys  presented  him 
with  a  standing  striking  clock  of  silver  which  had  in  it  other 
pretty  inventions ;  it  is  worth  some  ioo/.,  but  the  king  greatly 
esteemeth  it.  Your  lieger  must  be  well  furnished  with  t 
though  of  small  value,  thereof  to  present  something  upon  all 
occasions  at  proffering  speech  to  the  king,  and  to  present  nobles, 
and  if  you  send  half  a  dozen  of  coloured  beaver  hats,  such  as  our 
gentlewomen  use,  they  will  be  liked,  for  the  king  demanded  for 
such  things  of  me  for  his  women  to  wear  a-hunting ;  and  one  or 


EAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECORDS  109 

two  rich  hats  for  himself,  white  or  some  light  colour,  for  his  hunt- 
ing journeys  would  be  esteemed. 

And  lastly  concerning  myself,  you  may  be  pleased  to  under- 
stand my  wages  agreed  on  in  England  was  50/.  per  annum, 
whereof  the  one  third  hath  been  allowed  me  here  for  provision  of 
necessaries,  and  at  my  coming  forth  per  appointment  of  the  wor- 
shipful Governor  I  received  12.1.  10s.,  which  in  regard  I  had 
nothing  given  me  towards  my  setting  forth  as  divers  had,  I  hope 
you  will  be  pleased  to  remit  the  same  and  not  account  it  in  part 
of  wages  unto  me,  wherein  I  presume  on  your  favours,  consider- 
ing the  continual  dangers  we  are  subject  unto  in  this  painful 
employment,  wherein  my  share  hath  not  been  the  least,  though 
hitherto  God  hath  preserved  me.  And  being  that  since  my  en- 
tertainment three  years  is  near  expired,  I  do  entreat  that  the  two 
thirds  of  my  wages  remaining,  which  is  100/.  per  the  first  ship- 
ping for  these  parts  may  be  employed  for  my  account  with  the 
general  stock  of  that  voyage,  and  registered  in  your  accounts,  that 
so,  if  it  please  God  to  permit  my  return  voyage,  I  may  have  some 
fruit  of  this  so  dangerous  employment,  wherein  as  occasions  are 
offered,  according  to  the  small  ability  which  God  hath  given  me, 
I  will  do  my  utmost  for  the  effecting  of  what  is  committed  unto 
me.  And  thus  with  my  best  devotion  for  your  Worships'  con- 
tinual preservation  and  fortunate  success  in  all  your  affairs,  I 
commend  you  to  the  grace  of  Almighty  God  and  rest 

Your  Worships'  humblest  servant, 

Tho.  Keridge. 


mo  EAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECi  . 


1 66 

Thomas  K<  I  ^ir  Tho.  Smith. 

l  ■  r  way  of  Musi  lepatan. 

Laus  Deo  in  Agemere  the  sotfa  ofSepteml 

[GHT  Worshipful  and  honoured  Sir, 

Mv  humble  duty  prefixed  etc.  Bj  our  steward, 
An.  Starkey,  I  wrote  a  few  lines  onto  your  Worship, 
then  oot  having  time  f'»r  other;  and  since  in  March 
161a  another  more  large,  the  copy  whereof  herewith  I  send.  Since 
which  time  Mr.  Canning,  appointed  for  Agra,  su  after  his 

coming  thither  departed  this  life,  to  effect  whose  I  the 

Agent  etc  appointed  my  repair  to  the  court,  where  what  pa      1 
with  me  1  have  advised  in  the  1  ttei  to  the  Worshipful 

Company,  whereunto  I  refer  me. 

Perusing  some  writings  of  Mr.  Canning's,  I  find  that  in  a  par- 
ticular letter  unto  your  Worship  he  hath  untruly  and  dishonestly 
written  of  mc,  in  saying  I  spent  much  time  in  employing  i.ooo/. 
for  the  General's  proper  account  and  consequently  neglected  the 
affairs  of  the  Worshipful  Company;  the  truth  whereof  I  will 
declare.  The  General  after  his  return  from  the  last  fight  with  the 
Portingals  sent  a  man  of  his  ashore  to  invest  some  200/.  in  blue 
baftas  for  the  southwards,  writing  to  Wm.  More  and  me  to  assist 
him  therein,  which  for  certain  days  was  neglected,  whereupon  he 
sent  mc  a  sharp  reproving  message,  for  that  himself  came  not  to 
the  town.  So  I  assisted  his  man  in  bargaining  for  the  said  parcel 
of  goods  wherein  no  extraordinary  time  could  be  negl<  cted,  for  in 
two  days  his  man  got  it  aboard,  which  refusing  t<>  hive  done  I 
might  have  made  myself  incapable  of  any  employment  here. 
Mr.  Canning  through  his  evil  disposition  and  contention  with  all 
men  was  kept  aboard  and  therefore  envied  those  whom  he  saw 
employed,  and  thinking  I  had  informed  against  him  to  your  Wor- 
ship he  wrote  thus  of  me,  that  mine  of  him  might  be  thought  to 
proceed  of  envy,  and  therefore  proclaimeth  me  his  enemy,  which 
God  knowcth  I  was  not ;  only  I  refused  to  join  in  contentious 
humours  with    him,  and    when    Starkey  was    dispeeded    I    was 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  III 

employed  in  all  business,  so  had  not  time  to  write,-  besides  my 
disposition  not  that  way  inclined,  otherwise  I  might  have  observed 
his  many  disorders,  his  contentions  with  the  master  of  his  ship, 
almost  tending  to  the  ruin  of  their  voyage,  his  ill  government 
aboard  and  ashore,  given  to  drink,  and  after  the  ship's  departure 
his  falling  out  and  abusing  of  Mr.  Aldworthe  and  me,  plotting 
with  his  people,  but  they  would  not  consent,  to  have  done  me  a 
public  disgrace,  for  opposing  myself  to  his  unjust  demand  for 
swords  which  were  given  away  in  presents,  whereof  I  kept  the 
account.  And  after  his  uncivil  departure  proffering  to  have 
struck  Mr.  Aldworthe  with  his  pistol  was  not  ashamed  to  send 
us  word  by  one  of  our  own  company  that  if  we  had  not  given 
him  full  satisfaction  in  monies  and  otherwise  at  his  dispeeding  he 
purposed  and  so  had  [plotted  ?]  with  his  people  to  have  bound  us 
and  taken  what  he  had  listed  to  the  [utter]  disgrace  of  our  busi- 
ness. In  these  and  many  other  things  he  showed  his  ability  in 
profession  to  be  dissimulation.  I  could  write  much  of  him,  but 
he,  I  hope,  is  with  God,  and  that  through  Christ  all  is  remitted 
unto  him. 

Sir,  in  my  general  letter  I  am  a  suitor  to  your  Worship  and 
the  Company  that  the  wages  due  unto  me  may  be  employed  with 
the  general  stock  in  the  first  shipping  that  cometh  for  these  parts. 
And  also  before  my  coming  forth  I  received  12/.  10s.  towards 
provision,  which  I  hope  they  will  be  pleased  to  remit  unto  me, 
wherein  I  desire  your  Worship's  favourable  furtherance.  And  for 
that  I  have  not  anything  to  advise  more  than  hath  already  been 
written,  I  recommend  my  prayers  for  your  good  health  and  happy 
life,  which  ended  eternal  felicity  ;  and  so  will  ever  rest 

Your  Worship's  most  in  duty, 

Tho.  Keridge. 


in  lAST  I  S  FF.cc: 

167 
m  Denton  10  tl     1      t  India C 

I         t  '  ■ 

r-        ,  5th  o.  •  1  }. 

[Gl  IT     W   rshipful,     my    hum! 
finished  etc.     Having  departed  Bantam  tl 
anno 

•  •'• 

after  ahi]  '  '  '        !M,-r 

plat  ea  (h  i\  ing  •.:■  ild  mint  tl        G 

pasting  through  1 

the  -  jrd  Jon  I  the  shi] 

China  junk 

with  all  hononi       '      ntent  l>y  th<  \     pie, 

delivered  his  If ajest)  r,  obtaining  wh.it  we  required,  only 

confined  to  SOCh  orders  atul  r;      1' 

before  us  had  l>p>u^ht  in,  aa  <>f  S 

rent-;,  etc. ;  thej  ht  aa  p:       lents  in  all  i 

With  all  expedition  having  built  a  godown  eight  f  I 
4  broad  ami  eg  hast  high,  b  bout  an  :  tiles, 

without  any  -. ing  Mr.  Fl  !  in 

the  ship  for  Sinn  the  4th  August,  keeping  all  the  way  a 
shore  because  of  th  rly  monsoon   afl  ad    tun 

setting  over  to  Camboja  side. 

In  Patanie  we  l'>st  our  good  shepherd,  that  v.         •  I  worthy 
gentleman  Captain    Hippon,   and  in   his  pi. 
Dutchmen  Tho.  Essington,  not  without   mti  and  SOU 

ing.     The  16th  ditto  we  arrived  in  Siam  1  hi  with 

some  blacks  interpreters  departed  with  a'  skiff  into  the  river, 
where  rowing  up  some  20  miles  came  to  a  town  called  P.ancope 
(Bangkok),  the  governor  whereof  received  me  with  all  kin' 
and  providing  me  a  prow  with  all  nece—  :  I  I  part  I  for  the 
city,  some  100  miles  from  the  ship,  where  to  the  ^'reat  content  of 
the  king  and  the  people  I  was  rec«  I  lining  all   I 

with    much    honour,    and  presently  returned    accompanied  with 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


"3 


three  noblemen  and  the  governor  of  Bancope  himself,  with  prows, 
galleys  and  provisions,  to  fetch  up  his  Majesty's  letter.  The 
24th  I  returned  aboard,  and  things  being  provided  returned  all 
into  the  river  and  the  ultimo  arrived  at  the  city,  where  we  were 
honourably  received,  delivered  his  Majesty's  letter,  obtaining  a 
fair  stone  house,  three  stories  high,  eight  fathoms  long  and  five 
broad,  with  a  place  thereto  very  convenient,  contrary  to  the 
opinion  of  the  Dutch,  who  would  give  us  ten  godowns  if  we 
obtained  that  and  the  place.  Through  the  long  delays  of  the 
Mandarins  being  long  delayed  ere  we  could  deliver  his  Majesty's 
letter,  waters  high,  that  being  the  25th  October  ere  the  goods 
came  up,  wars  and  rumours  of  wars  in  the  country,  whereby  no 
hope  being  of  procuring  any  capital,  departed  the  3rd  November 
1612  out  of  Siam  bay  for  Patanie,  if  it  might  be  to  save  the  mon- 
soon that  year  to  the  Coast. 

The  nth  arriving  in  Patanie  and  finding  small  sales  made,  no 
goods  nor  capital  ready  for  a  Coast  voyage,  besides,  if  all  had 
been,  the  monsoon  so  far  spent  that  we  could  not  double  the  point 
Radaught  36  l[eague]s  S.E.  and  by  E.  half  E.  from  Patanie,  so 
they  resolved  to  winter  here,  sending  with  [the]  first  for  Siam 
news  thereof,  whereby  to  provide  against  next  year,  but  the  road 
contrary  by  sea  and  waters  high  by  land,  found  no  passage  till 
the  16th  February,  when  I  departed  in  a  junk  thither,  and  arrived 
with  the  junk  up  to  [the]  city  walls  the  prime  March,  the  waters 
then  ebbing  and  flowing  20  miles  above  the  city  up  to  Pussolucke 
(Pitsanooloke?)  the  passage  to  Langjange  (Luang  Praban).  Here 
was  as  poor  sales  as  at  Patanie.  Mr.  Lucas  had  sent  Tho.  Samuel 
and  Tho.  Driver  with  a  Moor  up  to  Zangomaye  (Kiang-mai),  with 
goods  as  per  invoice  inclosed,  from  whence  he  had  some  hopes  to 
receive  return.  The  25th  March  anno  1613  arrived  the  skiff  to 
the  house,  the  13th  at  night  having  left  the  ship,  which  departed 
Patanie  the  17th  ditto,  steering  right  over  N.  and  N.  by  W., 
being  the  better  at  this  time  of  the  year.  Here  I  found  two  Japan 
junks  which  had  obtained  trade  perforce,  only  prohibited  to  come 
without  licence  within  the  walls ;  for  breach  whereof  eight  were 
killed  in  one  day,  all  Japonners.  Of  the  one  a  Dutchman  that 
was  cast  away  with  Mr.  Adams  at  Japan  called  John  Yooson  was 
Captain,  and  another  of  the  said  voyage  merchant  in  the  other 
Y 1268.  1 


ii4  FAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

called    Melchor   Van    Sandford.      These    brought    most    bar 
plate,  with  some  camphor  and  boxes.    Of  them  I  learned  of  the 
root  Ningira  which  is  worth  15  rials  the  catty.    II'  re  they  bought 

each  another  junk,  lading  from  hence  most  hid 
Hides  were  dear,  to  and   11   taels  the  hundred,  being  ordinarily 
at  4  and  4!  ;  wood  at  65  pecuis  b  Ivcr,  having  before  0 

been  less  thai  tty.    John  Yooson  through  default  of 

his  merchants  could  not  lade  both  his  junks,  so  requestin 
Mr.  Lu<  is  and  Martin  Hautman,  the  Dutch  m  .  freight 

to  lade  him,  they  granted  to  lade  him  with  wood  at  45  per  1 

'it  and  obtained  credit  of  the  k i  1 1  ^  for  six  months. 
Mr.  Lucas  at  first  resob  I  tnd  me,  but  capital  found  small, 
Mr.  Adams  alive,  1  ityat    th<    I        I    I  .  altered  his  opinion. 

Th<-   ioth  of  May  they  d  I  forth  of  t!  Siam, 

being  the  lati  st  they  may  stay,  for  doubling  the  p  oin  t  Camboja 
(Cambodia)  per  experiei  thers  that  departed  June.    Then 

Mr.  Lucas  would  have  Bent  for  Zhangomaye,    but]  being  w 
and  1  st< >pp<  d  1  vented. 

The  Captain  remainii  1  in  the  bay  all  this  while,  where 

through    idleness    main     mischiefs    and    plots    ware    hatched,   as 
proved  coming  to  Patanie. 

Mr.  Lucas,  having  wrought  all  possible  means  as  time  would 
afford  for  a  capital,  procured  in  money  and  goods  per  in\ 
enclosed  some  12,500  rials  (from  Zhangomaye  he  had  neither 
goods  nor  news),  with  which  the  5th  September  he  came 
The  6th  a  court  called,  some  matters  were  heard  ;  but  he,  seeking 
to  depart  quietly,  sought  only  to  make  all  friends,  which  he  did 
in  outward  shows  at  least.  Which  done  the  <)th  at  night  set  sail 
and  the  23rd  ditto  arrived  again  in  Patanie  road,  where  the  Cap- 
tain  did  so  long  persist  (grounded  I  think  in  their  re  solutions 
taken  in  Siam  bay)  that  he  hath  given  a  scar  in  the  English  credits 
in  P  [atanie]  for  ever;  and  if  Mr.  Floris'  patience  and  counsel  of 
others  had  not  prevented,  he  had  utter  ily]  overth  rown]  the 
Globe's  voyage  and  the  hopes  thereof,  and  the  English  trade  to 
these  parts  etc.  Albeing  upon  private  respect  to  discredit  those 
two  worthy  men,  whose  intents  are  honest,  complotted  by  him  and 
Mr.  Skinner,  the  one  sworn  to  uphold  and  die  by  the  other, 
against    all    right    and    order   of  justice,    disgracing,    displacing 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  1 15 

masters,  pursers,  stewards,  leaving  never  an  officer  but  themselves 
at  their  own  pleasure  without  any  consent  of  council  etc.  to  the 
great  prejudice  of  your  Worships'  ship  and  voyage  ;  example, 
except  that  first  and  before  all  Mr.  Floris  would  swear,  vow, 
and  promise,  that  Skinner  should  be  absolute  master  and  that 
Mr.  Johnson  should  not  come  in  the  ship  but  go  in  the  pinnace 
for  Bantam  and  also  write  of  Mr.  Johnson  as  he  did,  there  was 
nothing  to  be  done  but  for  Bantam,  not  so  much  as  a  meeting ; 
the  which  all  being  granted  by  Mr.  Floris,  a  parley  was  obtained 
under  sureties  aboard  the  Dutch  pinnace.  Which  being  with 
much  disgrace  and  loss  of  time  passed  over,  we  employed  the 
money  brought  from  Siam  in  mace,  sudary  (zedoary?),  benjamin, 
lead,  etc.  and  with  a  capital  of  20,000  rials  in  goods,  having  been 
here  upon  the  coast  about  sixteen  months,  departed  for  the  Coast 
of  Coramandle  the  21st  October  1613  with  46  men,  having  sent 
away  that  ancient,  experienced  and  worthy  (for  his  service  to  his 
country)  wise  man  Mr.  John  Johnson  of  whom  having  such  need, 
contrary  I  will  prove  to  the  goodwill  of  Mr.  Floris,  Mr.  Lucas  or 
me,  without  any  respect  of  the  voyage,  his  years,  necessity  of 
time,  dangers  of  passage,  or  that  he  was  a  man  more  than 
four(?)  (as  I  shall  and  will  maintain  unto  your  Worships)  for 
private  respect  and  hatred.  We  left  here  for  want  of  others 
Wm.  Ebert,  Mr.  Floris'  cousin,  and  Robert  Littlewood,  purser, 
with  Ralph  Cooper,  not  to  leave  the  place  void  but  to  reserve  for 
another  supply.  We  passed  between  the  famous  rock  the  little 
Pedro  Branco  and  the  Point  Jantana.  The  8th  November  we 
passed  the  one  [?]  strait  of  the  first  strait  or  Singapouren,  and  the 
10th  the  other.  The  18th  ditto  we  anchored  in  sight  of  Malaca, 
and  continued  in  sight  thereof  before  we  passed  Cape  Rachado 
2  or  3  days,  where  through  the  rumours  in  Patanie  of  a  fleet  we 
daily  expected  the  arrival  of  some,  but  not  so  much  as  a  fisher 
boat  appeared.  The  28th  ditto  we  watered  ashore  at  Pulo  Pinan 
(Penang)  on  the  W.  and  by  N.  side.  It  stands  in  50  16'  N.  lati- 
tude. The  water  taken  in  ship,  we  sprung  a  leak,  24  inches  in 
4  glasses.  The  29th  set  sail  and  the  6th  December  anchored 
under  Pulo  Sambolan  the  great  (Great  Nicobar  ?)  in  y°  42'. 
From  thence  finding  the  N.E.  and  by  E.  wind  come,  sailed  N.W. 
for  the  Islands  Citra  Andamon  (Little  Andaman  ?),  where  we  had 

1  2 


Ii6 

a  son-  st<»rm,  hulling   t.  ith  the  ing  of  the 

E.  monsoon.    The  12th  \  Ic  some  mi'  fair 

ling  1  j.  [3  and  [8  fathoms,  bearing  np  N.  two  miles  of  no 
ground;  so  steering   in  W.  and   W.  by  N..  toward 
the  Islands  and  made  th<  ;  Duncan  Pa  ,  which  is  in 

about   ii°    20'.     At  8  o'clock  we    pas  ed  it  and,  bringing  the 
[stands  1..N.1  ..         '1  N.W.  away,  keeping  ap  to  the  north? 
because  of  tin  in  nt  oow  Betting  oul  of  the  Gull 

The  [8th  at  oighl  we  found  Bhoal  water,  and  in  the  morning  the 
land  fair  by  us,  1  N  .    At   night  we  anchored  in 

Masulpatam  road,  where  we  found  the  J  Lines,  two  Duto  h  ships, 
and  a  ship  of  the  M     1  .  l>uilt  al  '•  ly  laden  and 

bound  for  Mocha,  the  James  also  in  good  forwardness  bat  in 

t  troubles  with  tin  <.  .  rnor  and  people  etc  and  worse 
amongst  themselves,  the  Captain  holding  house  by  himself,  the 
merchants  another,  and,  as  thej  ippointed  of  their  1: 

by  that  means;  yet  by  their  enti  1  I  in  behalf  the  worship- 

ful  Company,  we  wrought   1 
credits  for  their  d<  match,  and  bappy  it  was  for  the  James  that 

those  epicure-.    |eWS  and  horse  leeches  had  got  another  suhjei  t  to 

work  upon.  With  all  expedition  landing  our  goods  per  in\ 
enclosed,  the  Captain  went  to  vi>it  Narsapourpeta,  from  whence 
he  gave  us  assured  hope  of  the  ship's  entrance  into  the  river, 
taking  that  charge  wholly  upon  him,  to  the  great  content  of 
Mr.  Floris  and  me.  The  market  we  found  but  reasonable  for 
vent  of  our  commodities,  the  James  being  so  fate  with  the 
that  we  brought.  For  our  lac,  sappan,  and  benjamin,  it 
come  a  little  sooner  before  the  Mocha  ship  had  been  laden  and 
ready,  it  had  been  ready  gold.  Vet  the  market  is  profitable  and 
commodity  will  vent  ;  only  the  mace  through  tin-  great  quantity 
by  us  brought  and  in  the  Dutch  hands,  is  both  little  profit  and 
worse  vent,  I  fear.  The  prices  of  all  the  goods  made  before  I 
departed  I  have  sent  enclosed  to  your  Worships,  with  the  note 
of  sorts  of  goods  most  proper  and  profitable  at  the  Coast  of 
Coramandle.  Mr.  Floris  and  I  resolved  that  in  regard  of  the 
tapies  we  should  have  of  the  James  for  the  money  disbursed  for 
her  clearing  the  country,  and  of  those  by  him  provided  for  Ban- 
tam, to  employ  the  whole  remainder  of  the  capital  upon  the  Coast 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  117 

in  cotton,  white  yarn  from  15  to  50  pagodas  the  fardel  (which 
is  50  viss),  indigo,  fine  calicoes,  fine  Bengala  cloth,  tocas,  etc., 
relying  upon  the  said  goods  laden  in  the  James  for  the  providing 
of  pepper  ready  at   Bantam    against    her    coming  thither,  with 
God's  help,  in  October  or  November  next,  anno  1614,  and  there 
to    receive    the   proceeds    of  the   stock   left   there  by   her   with 
Mr.  Spalding,  with  that  sent  to  Macasser  and  what  should  come 
from  Patanie  and  Siam,  with  which  if  God  bless  her  there  is  no 
fear  but  she  will  return  home  a  rich  ship.     Howsoever,  if  please 
God  send  her  home,  she  will  make  an  honourable  and  a  valuable 
voyage,  by  her  experience  gotten  of  the  Indies.     There  it  was 
thought  generally  good  by  all  the  merchants  of  both  ships,  as 
Mr.  Floris'  letters  to  Captain  Marlowe  will  show,  for  the  better 
furtherance  of  the  James'  voyage,  for  me  to  proceed  in  her  for 
Patanie  etc.,  George  Chauncey  staying  in  my  place,  whereto  I 
was  most  willing,  being  thereby  I   might  show  my  duty  through 
my  service  unto  your  Worships.     So  having  despatched  all  for 
the  James  through  Mr.  Floris'   means  as  before  and  agreed  to 
pay  him  in  coarse  tapies  at  2^  pagodas  the  corge,  freight  free,  or 
i\  freight   remitted   to   your   Worships,  the   2nd   February  we 
departed  from  Masulpatam  at  evening  for  Petapoli  and  arrived 
there  the  3rd  at  night,  where   new  questions  growing,  Captain 
Marlowe,  already  forgetting  the  pleasure  received,   grudges  the 
benefit  the  Globe  may  receive  by  them  in  carrying  the  goods  for 
Bantam,  and  would  not  stand  to  our  agreement,  but  would  have 
only  the  goods  bought  of  them  freight  free  and  the  other  to  be 
remitted.     I  answered  I  thought  it  would  be  more  pleasant  unto 
your  Worships  to  remit  all  considering  the  Globe  being  the  guide, 
and  would  not  consent  but  either  to  remit  all  or  none.    In  the  end 
concluded  all  freight  free,  the  tapies  at  2%,  the  which  upon  closing 
of  the  account  came  to  16J  fardels  (is  325  corge)  as  per  invoice 
enclosed,  the  which  were  all  consigned  to  me  to  order  and  sell  at 
Bantam,  with  order  to  clear  all  the  accounts  at  Bantam,  drawing 
them  to  a  head,  which  I  have  done,  both  the  goods  left  there 
with  Mr.  Spalding  and  brought  thither  by  Tho.  Brett. 

The  6th  February  anno  1613  we  embarked  all  aboard  in  Peta- 
polie  road,  jumping  e'en  with  the  Globe's  departure  at  her  first 
being  there. 


nS  EAST   INDIA  l\rs  RECORDS 

If  the  private  trade  continue  as  it  is  begun  in  the  James,  the 
le    of    cloth    from     tl:      I  I     cannot     endure,    both    spoiling 

employments  in  the  *  -n* -  place  as  I  I  All 

I  and  every  man  would  thin'..  •  a  Irving,  \<t  there  is  ;i  n 

and  not  to  overthrow  a  whole  trade  for  making  hut  a  return  I 
Bantam  to  the  (  ad   back,  having   any  reasonabl 

presently  he  able  to  I  ide  a  ship  with  pepper  per  tA\ 
At  f  irsl     |         I    nothing    hut   the  F  tl     i   iptain's  love 

to  merchants :    that  if  than  h<  had   not    I 

Mr.  Gonrney  and  Mr.  Cobb  hid  been  in  the  hill"  loing 

your  Woi  -hip-.'  busii  bore,  1  Iling  th<-  Captain  &c.oi 

ting    tl:  >bb  for  th.ir 

misbehaviour  in  their  drunkenness  ashore  in  your  Word;  ;  ; 

and  yet   neither  of  them   complained.      1   beseech  your   v. 
ships  consider  of  it,  and  thrnk  •  bo  are  worthy  to  be  put 

in  trust  and  charge  with  youi  Worships'  goods  and  their  conn* 
:  lit  ashore,  1"  in  d  with  1 

may  brook  to  be  1,  upbraided,  dishonoured  and  accou 

a  slave  and  servant  to  him  that,  knowing  nothing  that  belon| 
a  merchant,  scorns  and  disdains  the  name  of  merchant.  The 
loss  hereby  is  secret,  working  effects  in  the  hearts  of  all  thai 
our  government,  for  what  shall  my  word-  work  when  the  person 
is  not  esteemed  by  the  finding  of  want  <<\  power  to  perform, 
which  they  quickly  find,  as  with  experience  the  James  hath  paid 
for  it  at  Masulpatam  etc. 

Thus  with  the  discontents  of  that  worthy,  ancient,  grave  and 
wise  gentleman  and  a  tedious  passage,  the  19th  April  anno  : 
we  arrived  at  Bantam  even  in  the  tail  of  W.  monsoon.  Neither 
is  it  to  be  put  so  in  hazard  by  coming  so  late  from  the  Coast, 
primo  January  being  a  good  time.  At  Bantam  we  found 
Mr.  John  Jourdain  captain  of  the  house  and  chief  of  the  Sixth 
Voyage ;  the  Dragon,  Expedition  and  Clove  gone  home  that 
for  England,  most  with  pepper;  and  the  Osiander,  Mr.  Edward 
Christian  captain  and  Nathaniel  Samuel  master,  was  at  Jacatra 
a-trimming,  being  come  from  Ticoue  and  that  coast  of  Sumatra. 

Six  China  junks  came  this  year  with  good  store  of  silk.  The 
English  and  Dutch  at  first  made  a  show  to  join  in  buying  to- 
gether, but  taking  no  effect   each   did   his  best.     Mr.  Jourdain 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  119 

bought  about  60  peculs  of  raw  silk  and  employed  some  60,000 
rials  in  all  China  commodities,  besides  what  Mr.  Ball  and  Mr. 
Sheppard  did  each  for  his  particular  voyage. 

Here  we  fell  in  consideration  of  our  voyage.  I  gave  my 
opinion,  the  which  is  enclosed.  The  Captain  after  the  viewing 
of  the  ship  calls  his  sea  council  and  officers  ashore,  who  found 
the  ship  insufficient  to  proceed  to  the  end  of  her  intended  voyage, 
not  able  to  go  for  Patanie,  with  many  other  doubts ;  whereupon, 
Captain  Christian  being  come  from  Jacatra,  we  demanded  in  a 
general  court  of  merchants  the  Osiander  to  proceed  upon  our 
voyage,  being  a  ship  fit  for  such  an  employment,  offering  to  carry 
home  her  lading  of  pepper  in  the  James  and  to  provide  for  the 
sale  and  return  of  her  goods  left  upon  the  coast  of  Sumatra, 
showing  them  the  project  and  intent  of  her  employment,  which 
they  all  liked  well,  viz. :  with  God's  leave  from  Bantam  to  Pa- 
tanie, there  despatching  without  stay  for  Siam,  from  whence,  if 
possible  might  be,  now  in  this  October  to  have  proceeded  for  the 
Coast  of  Coraman  [del],  and  in  her  I  should  have  gone  chief  for 
the  Ninth  Voyage  :  there  landing  the  goods  to  provide  for  ships 
out  of  England  and  in  her  to  have  laden  a  3  or  4,000  pagodas  in 
Java  wares  with  which  presently  to  have  despatched  her  away 
about  January  for  Bantam  again ;  the  goods  at  [the]  Coast 
should  have  been  employed  all  in  goods  proper  for  England  and 
that  at  Bantam  would  have  served  to  provide  pepper  for  filling  of 
holes(?) ;  from  Bantam  again  presently  in  April  for  Patanie, 
there  taken  what  had  been  ready  and  gone  for  Siam,  where  a 
full  lading  would  have  been  ready  provided  for  Japan,  and  in  fine 
[of]  May  have  departed,  where  also  she  should  have  trimmed  and 
victualled  again  ;  the  which  capital  sent  to  Japan  half  equal  with 
that  for  the  Coast,  would  have  returned  the  stock  complete 
again,  only  trucking  money  for  goods,  to  help  away  with  the  rest 
of  the  goods  ;  whereby  every  [thing  ?]  would  have  been  beforehand 
and  ready  provided  against  your  Worships'  [ships]  had  come 
forth  of  England  to  have  cleared  the  Ninth  Voyage  with  a  rich 
return  etc.  This  would  not  be  heard  ;  he  would  follow  his  com- 
mission, except  that  Captain  Marlowe  would  change  places  and 
ships  with  him,  which  they  more  stood  upon  the  profit  of  the 
trade,    the    distinction    of  voyages,   tho'   I    am    persuaded    the 


no  T  INDIA    COMPANY'S  A'ECOKDS 

parties  all  one  adventurers  cause  an  nnfelt  hindrance,  in  this  and 
all  things  else,  to  the  trade  qow  beginning  is  India.  So  the  ship 
resolved  for  Jacatra,  there  to  trim  and  spend  her  time  till  the 
vintage,  getting  do  lading  at  pi  |  I  r  England,  and  we  must 
look  out  for  junks.     So  landing  all  our  Ja  hich   foe 

th(    James'  account  were  few,  and  withal  what  we  found  n 
fitting  and  proper  for  the  place  or  Moluccus,  to  ra  pita! 

for  the  lading  of  the  James  at  vintage  with  herovt  etc. 

Ship  departed  for  Jacatra,  we  used  all  possible  means  to  chop 
up  some  bargain,  off  ring  our  ^«»<.ds  upon  trust  to  tin-  Chine 
pay  in  pepper  at  vintage,  hut  Done  would  hear  of  pepper,  the 
English  and  Dutch  having  engrossed  almost  all  into  their  hands, 
that  we  d  raid  i  fifed  nothing. 

I  think  so  many  ships  gone  home  with  pepper  that  the  English 
will  entreat  one  anoth<  r's  voyage  for  sale  of  their  pepper,  neither 
do  I  think  as  1  told  them  all  that  your  Worships  would  send 
forth  this   year    at  most  above  one  ship  expressrj  for  Bantam  to 

lade  and  home,  but  rather  to  spend  forth   some  time,  to  pun  I 
a  better  lading  than  pepp  r.     If  the  pepper  were  engrossed  gene- 
rally it  were  an  excellent  way,  but  for  one  voyage  to  get  upon 
another  doth  not  so  well  agree,  etc. 

As  Captain  Jourdain  threat)  aed  me  that  I  nor  he  that  had 
the  Globe's  goods  should  not  have  a  sack  of  pepper,  and  that 
when  I  was  gone  he  would  nail  up  my  godown  door,  because, 
according  to  my  order  (which  I  durst  not  break  to  follow  his) 
showed  to  all  the  merchants  [I  did  leave  my  goods  (being  a 
small  quantity,  and  our  necessity  great)  with  another  man  than 
himself,  he  having  so  much  goods  of  the  Sixth  Voyage  that 
he  knows  not  what  to  do  with  it,  not  able  to  keep  it  from  rot- 
ting etc.,  besides  the  business  of  the  Ninth  Voyage,  and  also 
some  2  or  300  corge  tapies  of  his  own,  I  think,  which  he  bought 
of  Captain  Marlowe,  all  which  I  hope  with  my  honest  and  plain 
endeavours  is  sufficient  with  my  order  in  that  case  to  clear  me 
of  his  greatness,  your  Worships  being  favourable  therein,  I  having 
been  much  wronged  in  the  behalf  of  my  place,  and  the  Globe 
her  voyage  hindered.  Being  all  your  Worships'  servants  and  the 
Globe  most  particular,  your  Worships  will  find  the  cause,  etc. 
Seeking  for  a  junk  but  finding  none  for  our  purpose,  Captain 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  121 

writes  of  one  at  Jacatra  which  the  owners  asked,  for  freight  alone, 
1,400  rials  to  Patanie,  besides  a  month  to  make  her  ready  ;  too 
long  for  us  to  stay.  With  much  ado  writing,  getting  the  James 
to  proceed,  we  presently  resolved  Mr.  Cobb  to  stay  here  with 
Captain  Jourdain,  and  left  an  instruction  and  invoice  (the  copies 
sent  your  Worships  in  the  James)  signed  by  Mr.  Gourney  and 
myself;  with  us  should  proceed  William  Sheppard.  The  which 
done,  being  ready  to  depart  for  Jacatra,  were  advised  by 
General  de  Butt  of  the  dangerousness  of  the  passage,  and  not  to 
proceed  in  a  prow,  offering  his  ship,  ready  to  depart ;  so  we  writ 
for  ship,  which  coming  would  not  depart  before  the  company 
had  sold  all  their  goods  ;  which  done  and  many  disputes  of  nam- 
ing a  successor  to  Mr.  Gourney  ended,  the  gth  of  June  at  night 
we  set  sail  out  of  Bantam  road. 

Touching  the  Globe's  business  etc.  I  found  Mr.  Johnson, 
being  refused  to  be  carried  home  by  General  Best,  first  by  him 
sent  in  the  Darling  for  the  Coast,  whither  not  obtaining  her  pas- 
sage, returning  to  Bantam,  her  voyage  by  General  Saris  was 
altered  for  Sacadania,  Patania,  Siam  etc. ;  in  whom  again  went 
Mr.  Johnson,  glad  of  opportunity  to  do  your  Worships  service 
anywhere. 

John  Parsons,  who  also  came  in  her  with  Captain  Jourdain 
when  he  missed  Sacadania  coming  from  Macasser,  returned 
again  in  her  with  Mr.  Larkin  to  look  for  his  goods  left  behind 
him  in  the  junk.  Thomas  Brett  who  was  sent  with  Parsons,  and 
went  in  the  junk  with  the  goods  from  Macasser  to  Sacadania  I 
found  here,  coming  hither  in  a  Dutch  yacht  after  Parsons'  depar- 
ture for  Sacadania  in  the  Darling.  Of  him  I  received  account 
and  such  goods  as  he  had  in  his  hands  and  as  himself  said  came 
to  his  hands.  Charge  him  I  could  not  with  anything  of  myself. 
The  invoice  received  with  the  capital  sent  by  Mr.  Floris  are  both 
enclosed,  which  is  all  to  be  expected,  Parsons  having  nothing  left 
him ;  for  Mr.  Sheppard  paid  him  upon  his  wages  36  rials  at  his 
being  here  in  Bantam  for  his  necessaries.  He  [his?]  accounts  he 
said  to  the  merchants  were  in  the  junk  and  Brett  affirms  he  had 
them  in  his  chest  with  him.  I  was  in  good  hope  to  have  found 
him  here  but  he  stayed  at  Sacadania  to  return  for  Bantam  in  a 
junk  provided  by  Mr.  Larkin  etc. 


ItJ  EAST  JXPIA    O  ;  RECORDS 

The  goods  1-  ft  by  as  with  Mr.  Spalding  the  president  tin 
I  found  in  the  hands  of  William  Sheppard,  which  he  ;■ 
after  the  <!<■  Mr.    I        .  into  his  i  done,  the  whi  h 

goods  sini  e  th.it  time  have  snstaii 
as  per  hi  by  him 

appears.    The  remaind<  i 

In  i  hands,  the  whii  h  with  that  II  bro 

with  me  from  th(  I        I .  ha\  ing  [joined  all 

in  one  wareh  tt,  leaving  them  all  in  the  charge 

of  John  Baylie  who  rth  in  the  Expedition  with  Captain 

Newp >it,  ;1  and  diligt  nt  man  h 

ing  them  all  in  one  invoice  and  ly  by  us 

both  and  left  at   Bantam  for  Mr.  Floris,  tl 
for  your  Worships.    I  pray  G  i  U  to 

arrive  thither  and  home  in  England  I  Worshi] 

amen,  amen. 

I  am  the  briefer  in  this  letter  in  L  ft  at 

Bantam  in  tin-  hands  of  the  said  J"hn  Baylie,  th<  n  in  lai 
plainly  declaring  of  all  thing  the  nature  and  conditioi       I 

all  places  where  we  1  n.  t<>  my  best  skill  and  knowl< 

directed  to  the  right  worshipful  Sir  Thomas  Smith,  knight,  my 
very  good  master. 

With  a  fore  wind  and  current  in  the  stern,  being  the  I 
ning  of  the  E.  monsoon  of  the  S.  side  of  the  equinoctial,  we 
i       ed  fair  by  Lucepara  (Lucipara)  and   through  the  strait 
Palamban  (Banka)  by  the  hill  Manopine  (Manoembing)  in 
of  Pulo  Pon  Lingua  (Lingga)  and  Bintam  (Bintang)  within  Puk) 
Tymon  (Tioman)  etc.  fair  by  Pulo  Tinge  (Tii  ing  the  small 

island  of  I'am  with  a  tree  like  a  windmill  on  the  top  of  it,  and 
coming  with  the  islands  Pulo  Cupas.  By  mischance  of  standing 
too  far  off  to  sea  we  were  put  off,  finding  a  strong  current  setting 
over  to  the  N.E.,  yet  wind  favouring  much  soutrn-rlv  we  sailed  in 
W.  to  shore,  and  standing  to  shore  seeing  the  Islands  Radau^he 
(Redang)  kenned  a  sail,  which  proved  the  Darling  bound  for 
Patanie.  Welcome  she  was  to  us,  having  much  wished  and 
desired  to  meet  her  etc.  In  her  was  Mr.  Robert  Larkin,  chief 
merchant,  and  one  Benjamin  Farie,  merchant.  Mr.  L.  Harwood, 
master,  and  old    Mr.    Johnson.     Parsons  as   before  was  left  in 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  123 

Sacadania.  She  had  relieved  the  factories  at  Sacadania  and  Som- 
base,  but  diamonds  by  report  are  hard  to  come  by.  The  29th  we 
anchored  in  the  road  of  Patanie,  finding  those  three  persons  left 
by  us  in  the  Globe  all  in  health,  having  employed  that  small 
capital  that  was  in  benjamin.  The  people  wonder  that  hitherto 
we  never  could  compass  to  buy  any  silk  etc. 

We  used  all  our  best  endeavours  and  means  we  could  to  cease 
the  great  Sombaye,  offering  to  depart,  but  all  could  not  effect, 
they  granting  us  leave  rather  to  depart  than  forego  that  which  is 
a  benefit  proper  unto  themselves ;  in  the  customs  of  the  queen 
they  offered  to  help  what  they  could.  I  had  conference  with  the 
Dutch  merchants  upon  it,  who  much  commended  our  intents  and 
resolutions  (glad  of  the  occasion)  willing  [  ]  which  I  granted 

unto  so  that  they  who  first  began  and  were  our  precedents  would 
jointly  enter  the  pursuit  with  us,  otherwise  it  was  to  no  effect, 
but  to  give  them  the  place  alone  etc.  Hereafter  as  we  find  other 
places  something  may  be  done,  but  at  present  we  were  forced  to 
consent  and  paid  all,  being  72  taels  06  mass,  the  tael  now  at  12^ 
rials  (sic).  Paying  the  customs  after  ship's  departure  for  Soungor 
(Sungora),  they  returned  me  in  goods  to  the  value  here  of  8  tael 
05  a.  1  copang  (at  12^  rials  the  tael  is  some  104^  rials). 

The  Darling  departed  for  Siam  the  30th  July  in  the  morning, 
carrying  with  her  180  bales  of  cloth,  Mr.  Gourney,  Wm.  Shep- 
pard  and  Tho.  Brockedon  merchants  of  the  Ninth  Voyage,  also 
Mr.  Larkin  and  Mr.  Farie ;  and  here  it  was  thought  fit  by  all  in 
general  that  I,  Adam  Denton,  should  remain  for  principal,  leaving 
with  me  for  assistant  John  Johnson,  a  voluntary  of  the  Tenth 
Voyage,  who  came  out  with  Paul  Canning  in  the  Osiander.  Here 
was  landed  in  all  sorts  of  goods,  as  per  invoice  sent  your  Wor- 
ships underwritten  by  me,  40^  bales  of  cloth  (whereof  much 
improper  for  the  place)  which  cost  at  Coast  4,400  pagodas  at 
7  pagodas  the  seer  (is  10  rials),  a  small  capital  to  stand  in  such  a 
factory  and  all  goods  upon  adventure  of  sale  for  employment, 
market  also  so  dead,  as  the  Captain  and  all  can  testify,  that 
sale  of  cloth  alone  is  not  worth  the  factory.  The  main  sub- 
stance of  the  capital  is  gone  in  the  Darling  for  Siam,  the  goods 
being  all  properer  and  more  vendible  there  than  in  any  other 
place  etc. 


124  BAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

In  regard  of  the  small  capital,  and  being  goods  left  at  Bantam, 

the  little  hope  of  money  here,  uncertain  hope  to  expect  from 
Sum,  and  for  the  better  securing  of  the  fames  her  lading  in 
pepper,  we  borrowed  here  3,000  rials  of  Mr.  Larkin  to  be  repaid 
at  demand  with  10  per  cent  interest,  we  also  to  sustain  such 
losses  as  should  accrue  to  hi-;  voyage  by  the  want  thereof. 
Sending  it  with  the  Captain,  also  we  writ  .ill  jointly  to  Captain 
Jourdain  that  if  the  goods  at  Bantam,  money  etc.  sent  from 
hence  wire  nol  sufficient  to  purchase  her  lading  in  pepper,  then 
that  Mr.  Jourdain  would  disburse  and  supply  the  want,  upon 
employment  of  the  like  sum  here  in  Patanie,  in  silks  or  what 
shall  be  by  him  required  the  next  year. 

We  could  not  absolutely  resolve  upon  our  proceedings  with 
the  stock  or  Darling  till  their  o  tming  to  Siam  to  Mr.  Luca  ;.  o  in- 
cluding from  hence  with  all  expedition  to  seiul  their  resolution, 
by  land  or  by  sea,  which  yel  is  not  come,  yet  we  intended  her 
from  Siam  with  some  goods  for  Camboja  in  fine  September ;  to 
return  for  Siam  in  fine  January;  to  be  bete  in  August  and  the 
line  September  or  October  anno  1615,  by  that  time  having  pro- 
vided a  good  capital  for  the  Coast,  which  God  grant,  this 
through  troubles,  bad  markets  and  despatch  of  the  James  not 
able  to  proceed. 

I  have  sent  your  Worships  the  copy  of  the  Court  held  in 
Patanie,  which  the  Captain  ([the]  Darling  being  gone),  would 
not  sign  unto,  yet  consenting  in  the  Court  to  all  things,  seeking 
his  own  glory  with  your  Worships'  servants'  and  factors'  disgrace 
and  discouragement  etc.  For  having  at  'the]  Coast  of  Cora- 
mandle  wrought  and  done  the  merchants  all  disgrace  he  could, 
reporting  them  to  be  his  men  and  he  giving  them  money,  which 
the  crafty  people  well  perceived  and  made  use  of  it,  at  sea  would 
have  done  more  as  before ;  coming  to  Bantam  sought  privately 
again  with  Mr.  Jourdain  and  Captain  Christian  to  displace 
Mr.  Gourney  that  the  man  had  almost  died,  careless  of  himself 
and  fortunes  ;  coming  to  Patanie,  all  were  too  few  to  seek,  as  at 
the  Coast,  commodity  for  him  ;  that  till  he,  having  ready  money, 
were  full,  your  Worships'  goods  must  lie  still  ;  offering  2  taels 
3  a.  ready  money  at  first  coming  a  pecul  for  parcel  of  30  peculs 
benjamin,  which  we  bought  for  1  tael  12a. ;  going  for  Soungore, 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  125 

he  left  [blank]  rials  with  William  Ebert  to  employ,  openly  saying 
in  my  hearing,  that  if  he  looked  to  have  any  favour  from  him  he 
must  do  for  him,  refusing  otherwise  to  carry  the  Globe's  goods 
for  Bantam  ;  the  which  he  for  fear  of  inconvenience  to  his  voyage 
received.  The  Dutch  exclaimed  against  it,  saying  if  the  Com- 
panies should  join  (as  we  have  a  report  of  Commissioners  to  have 
passed  about  it)  they  would  endure  such  open  trade  to  the  preju- 
dice of  them  etc.  I  think  it  will  hardly  be  effected.  He  coming 
from  Soungore,  where  he  sought,  to  no  purpose,  to  settle  a  fac- 
tory and  speak  with  the  king,  having  neither  means  nor  men, 
which  took  effect  accordingly  as  he  went  the  clean  contrary  way 
to  work  of  himself,  contrary  to  our  opinions,  William  having 
bought  some  13  peculs  benjamin  for  him,  not  contenting  him,  he 
refused  and  would  have  of  that  of  the  best  bought  for  your  Wor- 
ships, saying :  "  Why  should  not  I  take  that  for  his  money,  as 
Mr.  Floris  had  their  tapies  for  the  Company  ?  "  Again  he,  as 
having  the  charge,  says  that  he  would  not  give  his  consent  to 
disburse  any  money  for  any  commodity.  I  being  about  a  little 
pepper  which  by  the  Company's  sending  and  running  about  [?] 
from  12  a.  to  22  m.  the  bahar,  too  unreasonable  for  me  to  buy,  I 
told  him  of  it  and  my  being  about  a  parcel  of  silk ;  but  he  never- 
theless accounts  them  both  with  money,  which  if  he  had  not  been, 
the  benjamin  and  all  I  might  have  had  in  truck  of  goods  and  time 
reasonable,  but  offering  unreasonable  prices  and  ready  money 
there  was  no  place  for  me,  to  the  hindrance  of  trade  and  dis- 
paragement of  the  factors  resident  in  [the]  place.  His  saying 
was  he  would  have  and  take  the  benefit  of  his  place  and  if  it  were 
anything  for  your  Worships'  or  his  good  he  was  content,  joining 
himself  with  your  Worships  etc.  Ship  coming  from  Soungore, 
Mr.  Davis  having  gotten  some  2  tons  of  pepper  gave  it  him  and 
promised  that  he  would  stow  for  him  6  tons,  whereby  all  the 
complaints  of  the  whole  company  of  his  misbehaviour  could  not 
once  be  heard  of  the  Captain.  He  complains  much  of  your  Wor- 
ships' unkindness,  in  that  he  alone  (as  he  says)  with  his  ship  did 
take  the  carrack  the  First  Voyage,  and  if  he  had  not  been  she 
had  not  been  taken  but  escaped,  which  he  justifies  with  others  in 
all  places  where  he  hath  come  to  the  Dutch  and  others,  and  there- 
fore, as  he  said  at  Jacatra  to  Captain  Christian  and  upon  the 


126  EAST  INDIA    COMTAATS   RECORDS 

deck  aboard,  he  would  fetch  it  up  all  this  voyage  etc.,  therein 
much  touching  your  Worships'  honourable  and  liberal  minds,  and 
Sir  James  Lancaster's  person  etc.     Also  by  his  open  hatred  to 
the  merchants  he  gave  such    way  unto  a  company  of  drunken 
rascals  in  the  ship  and  ashore  that  they  eared  not  what  they  did 
against  a  merchant,  knowing  to  have  a  smile  of  him  for  [affronts  ?] 
and  thanks  for  every  tale,  so  far  that  we  were  afeared  to  pass 
from  the  table  where  we  eat  to  the  garden  where  we  stopped  for 
fear  of  them,  and  yet  no  remedy,  though  complaints  for  it.     One 
night   he   quarrelling  beat   Mr.   Gourney  and  abused  too  basely; 
the  crew  also  present,  seizing   the  swords  and  pikes,  came  and 
pursued  us.     Having   opportunity,  one  Hopkins  launched  a  pike 
at  Mr.  Larkin  under  his  arm  ;  another  struck  three  or  four  times 
at  Mr.  Farie,  he  crying  out  and  fleeing,  the  Captain  looking  on 
and  calling  them  afterwards   "  Good  fellows  ;  it  was  well  done," 
and  they  that    had   resolved    below  against   us  and  would   have 
turned   Mr.   Gourney  and   the   merchants   out  of  your   Worships' 
house,  so  that  no  order  or  command  was  kept.     Another  night 
one  of  the  crew  coming  upon  Mr.  Gourney,  having,  as  William 
Wilson  doth  witness,  attended  his  time,  demands  money  of  him 
for  breaking  his  trumpet.    Mr.  Gourney  afore  he  approaching  him 
suspiciously,  cries  out,  and  help  coming,  commanded  him  to  be 
bound  ;  he  fleeing  they  followed  and   Mr.  Wotton  wrung  a  bare 
knife  out  of  his  hand,  all  bended,  perforce  cutting  his  fingers  with 
forcing  it  from  him  ;  so  binding  him,  Mr.  Dennis  presently  after 
loosed  him.     After  that  being  in  the  yard,  words  growing,  Hop- 
kins upbraided  him  for  taking  Gourney's  part  and  binding  him  at 
his  command,  so  far  that  that  night  by  a  stab  given  with  a  knife 
in  the  left  arm  murder  proceeded,  in  the  middle  of  your  Worships' 
yard.     Mr.  Wotton  at  first  having  called  the  Captain,  blooding 
his  bed,  and  he  answered,  but  did  not  rise  till  the  murther  was 
past.     The  whole  company  will  better  witness  of   that  night's 
work  than  I  can.     To  conclude :  because  I  stand  against  him  in 
his  trade,  plainly  telling  him  of  the  damages  thereby,  he  offers  all 
discourtesy  he  can   (before   Dutch  and  others)  either  that  words 
or  authority  will  affect,  threatening  as  to  Mr.  Gourney  to  carry 
me   home,  little   regarding    the   business   or   how   we   furnished 
ashore  etc. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  127 

Here  was  landed  40^  bales  goods  amounting  to  some  4,400 
pagodas  at  7  pagodas  the  seer  (is  10  rials)  as  per  invoice  sent  in 
the  James,  underwritten  by  me.  The  market  at  present  is  so  bad 
that  only  where  [  ]  necessity  forces  them  to  wear  they 

buy,  as  white  beathillies,  salampouries  whited ;  for  the  trade 
abroad  is  all  dead,  through  the  troubles  and  wars  all  over  these 
parts.  The  junks  sent  to  Jamby  and  Singagerie  are  stayed  at 
Jor  (Johor)  by  the  Portingals  coming  to  Pam,  not  daring  to  come 
forth  and  the  junks  and  Nahudas  that  this  year  would  have  gone 
for  Burneo,  Moluco,  Macasser,  Bantam  etc.  are  all  stayed,  the 
queen  suffering  no  junk  nor  man  or  person  to  depart,  reserving 
all  for  the  Achinders  who  are  certainly  expected  with  the  first  of 
the  spring  in  February  to  be  here,  being  already  arrived  at  Jor, 
with  great  forces ;  yet  some  think  he  will  attempt  M alaca  itself. 
The  Dutch  expect  a  yacht  from  Japan  with  which,  if  the  Achin- 
ders come,  they  determine  to  transport  their  treasure  and  goods, 
and  your  Worships'  goods,  with  God's  help,  shall  not  be  behind, 
but  for  the  chief  both  of  English  and  Dutch  must  remain  in  the 
town  with  the  queen,  which  we  cannot  refuse  with  honour  of  our 
nation  though  we  lose  our  lives,  which  if  it  please  God  to  happen, 
shall  be,  with  his  help,  with  resolution,  for  my  country's  honour 
being  therein  resolved. 

The  Salampouries  whited  coming  to  proof  are  many  of  [  ] 
full  of  holes  with  wearing  which  is  not  [hing  ?]  but  the  knavery 
of  the  washer  that  whites  them,  who  to  get  affanan  hires  them 
out  a  month  [  ]  to  wear,  whereby  being  foul  he  beats  them 

to  pieces  to  make  them  clean,  and  with  folding  them  finely  up 
deceives  thereby  the  merchant  not  mistrusting,  and  causes  a  very 
bad  [name]  of  the  cloth  in  the  sale,  that  no  man  will  buy  without 
opening  and  looking  upon  every  cloth,  to  our  hindrance.  I  write 
it,  having  given  advice  thereof  to  Bantam,  that  the  factors  going 
to  Coast  seek  to  prevent  it.  Also  the  beathillies  which  are  whited 
amongst  them  of  33  or  34  covids  we  find  many  short  of  20  haste, 
improper  and  no  length  for  this  place,  which  come  in  account 
with  the  others.  The  red  yarn,  also  by  the  roguery  and  covetous- 
ness  of  the  dyers,  instead  of  camca  viz  put  other  chaya  half  so 
cheap,  which  only  doth  give  a  fair  gloss  at  first,  which  with  con- 
tinuance and  heat  in  the  ship  decays  and  becomes  black,  dirty 


i  T   IS'DIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

and  whitish    withal,  as  with   us    in  the  Globe  and  this  in   the 

James  proves.    With  tin-  beathillies  it  is  thi  ,  and  sol 

noted  also  of  the  factors.     I  have  sent  of  divei 

made  here  to  Bantam  t<>  Captain  Jourdain  with  the  prices  and 

sorts  for  musters  to  make  trial,  whereby  he  may  advise  us  if 

benefit  be  thereby  to  be  had    at?    the  Moluscus  etc.     A 

are  brass  and  copper  cops,  bowl  suchlike  according  to  the 

manner  of  the  country,  wherein  also  at  Bantam  and  Molucus  I 

think   great    profit   is    to    be  gotten,   but  having  neither  order 

therein  nor  means  at  pit   ent  i  innot  adventure  therein.     From 

hence  als->  is  great  profit  to  !><■  done  for  Japan  in  raw  sill 

de  reye  etc.,  whereby  1  >< >t li  to  increase  the  capital  and  provide 

money;  silk  was  Bold  here  this  year  for  1S4  and  186  rials  the 

p..  nl  the   best    Lankin   white   silk,  and    it    is  worth   at    Japan    by 

Mr.  Adams1  letters  300  ducats,  which  General  Sai 
certify,  having  been  there.  The  return  is  to  be  made  in  five 
months.  The  Dutch  bought  here  some  100  peculs,  which  1 
part  they  s.iit  in  the  Zelandea  for  Japan,  which  departed  the 
27th  June  past,  which  with  a  yacht  went  with  hope  and  purpose 
to  meet  the  carrack  hound  from  Macaur  (Macao)  this 
thither  richly  laden,  yet  they  have  above  60,000  rials  in  spices  in 
house,  besides  50  or  60  bales  of  cloth  proper  for  the  place, 
whereof  they  have  not  sold  this  eight  months,  as  they  say,  so 
much  as  will  clear  their  expenses.  Patanie  therefore  in  my 
opinion  I  hold  not  worthy  the  keeping  only  upon  sale  of  cloth 
as  we  have  hitherto  done;  for  considering  the  great  quant 
brought  unto  their  doors,  by  the  Portingals  and  Moors  from 
Queda,  Trange  (?)  and  Jonckseylon,  and  by  the  Dutch  and  us  by 
sea,  they  at  first  not  being  accustomed  thereto,  the  abundance  of 
all  sorts  made  here  according  to  their  desires  every  thread  and 
cheap  withal,  not  being  able  to  vent  so  much  cloth  that  the  profit 
may  defray  the  great  charge.  But  if  there  were  withal  every 
year  a  stock  of  60  or  100,000  rials  in  cash  to  employ  in  silks  for 
England,  Japan,  and  in  some  stuffs  etc.  for  Molucus  the  charge 
would  seem  easy  and  not  be  felt.  We  play  with  our  cloth,  watch- 
ing good  markets,  which  now  is  our  main  chance,  and  either 
must  we  sell  at  low  rates  and  yet  not  venting,  or  be  disappointed 
of  our  intents  for  further  employment. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  129 

I  am  in  this  and  other  letters  something  bold  and  plain 
because  if  I  could  I  would  omit  nothing  that  is  good  in  these 
parts  as  yet  unknown  to  your  Worships.  If  through  weakness  I 
touch  one  thing  twice,  I  crave  pardon,  imputing  it  to  my  good 
heart  and  honest  mind  to  your  Worships. 

The  charges  here  is  great,  by  reason  of  trimming  the  ship  and 
presents  given  at  Soungore,  besides  providing  her  here  with  oil, 
resin,  nails,  eating  fresh  beef  all  the  while,  besides  rack  and  oil 
and  all  provision  in  abundance  and  plenty,  being  the  Captain's 
pleasure  and  will  to  have  it.  The  copy  of  the  charges  I  have 
sent  your  Worships  by  him. 

They  sold  out  of  the  James  unto  the  Dutch  30  hhds.  salt  beef 
and  pork  at  22  rials  the  hhd.  pretending  it  to  help  towards  the 
charges  the  ship  hath  been  at. 

I  have  given  goodman  Thoharton  (?)  by  the  Captain's  order 
a  piece  of  cloth  for  shirts  which  with  making  of  them  cost  14 
copangs  which  is  charges  to  the  ship's  account,  and  referred  to 
your  Worships.  I  have  given  here  unto  Mathew  Saywell  and 
William  Paulie,  two  of  the  Globe's  company,  an  attestation  how 
that  Captain  Essington  did  promise  before  Mr.  Floris  and  me  to 
give  them  notes  of  their  wages,  but  by  delays  putting  them  off, 
never  giving  them  any  note  at  all  etc. 

The  Captain,  working  upon  your  Worships'  favour  here, 
through  presents  given,  did  Sombaye  to  have  35  pecul  benjamin, 
balance  and  custom  free,  being  angry  with  me,  saying  I  hindered 
him.  Lakmana  and  Orancaya  Paduca  Sirnaca  asking  me  about  it, 
I  answered  if  they  pleased  to  give  it  the  Captain,  I  was  content, 
but  would  not  accept  it  as  done  in  lieu  of  any  present  given  by 
the  godown,  but  as  a  particular  friendship  unto  the  Captain, 
neither  to  think  that  it  should  hinder  another  time  when  I  should 
ask  for  your  Worships.  "  That'  s  another  matter,"  say  they,  "  we 
thought  he  had  requested  it  in  the  behalf  of  the  trade  and  your 
Worships,"  etc.  The  6th  going  in  to  finish  accounts  of  the  cus- 
toms and  carrying  a  fair  long  piece  for  Lakmana  promised  by  us, 
upon  the  denial  of  his  goods  custom  free  etc.  he  would  not  give 
it,  so  returned  us  liars,  in  respect  of  his  own  profit  etc.  For  want 
of  paper  all  our  books  are  kept  in  China  paper,  having  not  so 
much  other  as  to  write  a  letter  to  your  Worships ;  therefore  I 
Y  1268.  K 


130  EAST   I.VDIA    COMPANY'S  KECORDS 

entreat  your  Worships  to  remember  us  with  books,  paper  and  ink 
of  which  we  have  great  need,  the  cockroaches  eating  the  China 
paper  and  so  dangerous  and  naught.  So  my  bounden  duty 
finished,  submitting  myself  at  your  Worships'  honourable  cen- 
sure and  disposing,  rest  ever 

Your  Worships'  servant  to  dispose, 

_        .     ,         ,    _  -  Adam  Denton. 

Patanie  the  5th  October  anno  1614. 

I  have  sent  by  Mr.  Tho.  Wotton  surgeon  a  bolt  black  satin, 
a  piece  charv.  |  taffeta,  and  six  small   bezoar  stones,  which 

I  humbly  entreat  your  Worships  to  see  delivered  unto  my  very 
good  friend  Mr.  George  Foxcroft,  gent.,  in  Ironmonger  Lane, 
with  this  letter  inclosed  to  him,  or  he  being  dead,  to  my  uncle, 
the  worshipful  Mr.  Tho.  Denton  of  Warne  Hall,  Esquire,  in  the 
county  of  Cumberland. 

Your  Worships'  servant  to  dispose, 

Adam  Denton. 

168 

REMEMBRANCE  of  our  conferences  or  councils  held 
after  our  coming  into  the  road  of  Swally  the  15th  of 
October  1614. 

The  15th  day  of  October  after  noon  being  arrived 
at  South  Swally,  there  came  down  two  men  making  a  waft  unto 
us,  unto  whom  I  sent  my  pinnace,  which  brought  them  aboard, 
being  servants  of  Coja  Nazan,  sent  down  to  enquire  of  what 
nation  we  were.  By  them  I  sent  a  letter  to  Mr.  Aldworthe  and 
also  alongst  with  them  I  sent  Baily  Ball,  one  of  my  factors,  desir- 
ing Mr.  Aldworthe  to  repair  aboard  my  ship  as  soon  as  con- 
veniently he  may.  The  16th  day,  Sunday  morning,  at  ten  o'clock 
Mr.  Aldworthe  came  aboard  me,  but  being  the  Lord's  day  we  passed 
the  same  without  effecting  any  business,  only  enquiring  after 
their  entertainment,  and  state  of  the  Company's  business  there. 
A  Council  held  the  iyth  of  October,  consisting  of  such  persons  as 

are  underwritten. 
The  17th  day  morning,  being  no  more  factors  here  but  only 
Mr.  Aldworthe  and  Mr.  Biddulph  (who  was  absent),  I  called  a  council 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  131 

according  to  the  Company's  commission,  and  first  required  Mr.  Ald- 
worthe's  answer  to  the  six  brief  interrogatory  articles  included  in 
the  second  article  of  the  said  Commission,  which  here  I  have  set 
down  with  the  answers  annexed  to  every  article  as  follows  : 

1.  How  Paul  Canning  hath  carried  himself  and  the  business 
at  Agra  at  the  Court  which  was  committed  unto  him.  In  what 
favour  he  is  with  the  Emperor  and  Council,  and  whether  he  be  at 
Suratte  or  remain  in  Agra  still. 

Answer. — Imprimis  that  Paul  Canning  departed  Suratte  in 
January  anno  1612,  and  was  at  his  first  coming  to  the  Court 
well  respected  by  the  Emperor,  until  such  time  as  the  Jesuits 
made  known  he  was  a  merchant  and  not  sent  immediately 
from  the  king,  but  afterwards  neglected  as  himself  com- 
plained, and  in  his  carriage  there  Mr.  Aldworthe  saith  that 
for  anything  he  knoweth  it  was  sufficient  and  well. 

2.  Whether  you  think  him  as  fit  to  reside  there,  if  need  be,  as  any 
of  our  other  people  at  Surat,  or  any  other  now  going  in  these  ships. 

Answer. — By  the  death  of  Paul  Canning  this  article  is 
answered. 

3.  Whether  it  be  needful  to  maintain  one  always  as  lieger  in 
Agra,  both  in  respect  of  holding  correspondency  with  the  Em- 
peror and  his  nobles,  and  preventing  of  such  mischiefs  as  may  be 
practised  against  us  and  our  goods  by  any  that  malice  our  trade 
there,  as  also  for  the  sale  of  such  commodities  there  as  we  bring 
out  of  England,  and  buying  such  other  commodities  as  serve  to 
be  returned  for  England,  or  transported  to  any  other  part  of  the 
Indies  in  our  trade. 

Answer. — It  is  thought  necessary  and  by  the  king  required 
that  one  of  our  nation  do  reside  at  the  Court  and  therefore 
fitting  that  he  be  a  man  of  good  respect  for  preventing  and 
righting  of  any  wrongs  that  may  be  offered  and  may  stand  in 
good  stead  both  for  buying  and  selling  of  commodities  there. 

4.  Whether  it  will  not  be  more  convenient  for  us,  more  to  the 
honour  of  our  nation  and  to  bring  us  into  the  love  of  the  people, 
and  to  their  better  content,  that  we  keep  our  mart  place  of  buying 
and  selling  in  Suratte,  or  some  other  town  near  the  sea  that  may 
be  most  convenient  and  safe  for  us,  and  thither  to  invite  the 
people  of  that  nation  to  trade  with  us  both  for  the  sale  of  the 

K  2 


i3a  BAST  INDIA   I      *  PANTS  RECORDS 

commodities  tint  we  carry  thither,  aa  also  foi  bringing  down  to 
us  such  commodities  aa  may  be  fit  foi  aa  to  buy,  either  for  our 
own  country  or  any  other  place,  in  I  ring  charges  and 

avoiding  of  adventures  in  bringing  the  commodities  down  in  that 
large  and  dang<  rous  i  ountry. 

Answer,    To  hold  our  marl   in  one  place  ia  not  10  net 
Bary,  but  to  keep  two  factories,  the  one  at  Suratte  and  the 
othei    at    \;i.i.  and  for  .ill  of  India  commodities  we 

shall  occasion  to  buy,  in  time  of  y<  u  to  repaii  foi  them  to 
the  places  where  the)  are  made,  esteeming  there  to  be  no 
t   danger    in    the    transportation    thereof   through   the 
country;   and  for  inviting    the   people  with  their 
repair  down  to  Suratte,  not  having  been  formerlj 
tomed,  he  cannol  advise  whethei  ever  to  be  effected. 

5.  Whether  we  may  procure  ind  ad  calicoes  of  all 

and  other  commoditiea  to  be  brought  unto  aa  to  Suratte  or  any 
other  convenient  place  upon  the  wat<  r,  d<  heap  with  .1  little 

more  or  less  (the  *  harg<  -  and  adventure  conaidered)  .it  the  h 
of  the  country  people  aa  we  ouraelvea  may  buy  them  .it  Biana, 
or  other  places  where  the)  are  made,  and  may  find  sale  for 
our  commoditiea  at  Suratte  without  tranaportation  of  them  higher 
up  to  other  places  of  that  country,  whereby  we  may  resolve  the 
rather  to  keep  cur  residence  .it  Suratfc  ibove  mentioned. 

Answer.  For  transportation  of  our  goods  by  water  I  1 
Suratte  will  be  very  dangerous  l>\  n  taon  oi  the  recourse  the 
Portugal  frigates  have  into  their  rivers;  therefore  by  land  will 
be  more  se<  ure,  aa  hath  formerly  been  accuatomed. 

6.  What  charges  Paul  Canning  hath  expended  for  himself  and 

his   tWO    men    allowed    him,  ami    how    far   BUCh    expenaea    may    be 

abridged  if  there  ahould  be  a  neceaaity  of  keeping  one  thi 

Answer.—  Paul  Canning's  expenses  hath  been  \hlauk\;  bnt 
to  maintain  one  there  cannot  expend  less  than  jiki/,  p<  1  y<  n. 

Nicholaa  I kw ot< >n. 
Will,  Edwards. 
Tho.  Aldworthe. 
Tho.  Elkington. 
Edward  1  todaworth. 
Thomaa  Mil  ford. 


BAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  133 

A  Council  held  the  iHlh  October,  consisting  of  such  persons  as 

are  underwritten. 
The  18th  day  morning  we  proceeded  farther  to  advise  concern- 
ing our  present  business  here  to  be  effected  ;  and  first,  that  whereas 
we  formerly  received  advice  from  Mr.  Aldworthe  of  the  necessity 
of  one  to  reside  in  Agra  and  he  to  be  a  man  of  good  fashion  and 
em,  therefore  by  the  general  consent  of  those  present  choice 
was  made  of  Mr.  William  Edwards,  as  one  most  fittest  and  agree- 
able to  the  Company's  commission  for  so  weighty  a  business. 

Also  question  being  made  whether  it  were  fit  the  aforesaid 
Mr.  Edwards  should  proceed  under  the  title  and  profession  of  a 
merchant,  according  to  the  strictness  of  the  Company's  commis- 
sion, Mr.  Aldworthe's  opinion  was  that  whosoever  should  go  up 
to  the  king  under  the  title  of  a  merchant  should  not  be  respected, 
as  by  experience  in  the  entertainment  of  Paul  Canning,  for  that 
merchants  generally  are  not  regarded  by  the  king. 

Also  we  consulted  concerning  our  privileges  formerly  granted, 
wherein  they  are  too  weak  and  had  need  to  be  enlarged,  and, 
out  of  divers  which  I  had  formerly  gathered  together,  selected  out 
and  agreed  upon  15  articles  to  be  obtained  from  the  Great  Mogul. 

Nicho.  Downton. 
Will.  Edwards. 
'I  bo,  Aldworthe. 
Thomas  Elkington. 
Edward  Dodsworth. 
Thomas  M  it  ford. 
A  Council  held  the  yd  of  November  consisting  of  such  persons  as 
are  underwritten. 
The  third  of  November  we  again   held  a  council  concerning 
our  business  here  to  be  effected,  having  been  delayed  from  time  to 
time  by  Mocrob  Chan,  to  effect  some  private  ends  of  his  own, 
until   the   second   of   November;    but    in   conclusion,  finding  he 
durst   not  deny  the  king's  firman  granted,  although  we  received 
no  great  encouragement  from  him,  yet  it  was  thought  fit  rather 
to  land   the  goods  than   to  forego  a  trade  so  well  accepted  and 
thought  of  in  England,  for  that  the  discourtesy  offered  unto  us  by 
him  proceeded  by  his  weakness,  we  not  yielding  to  his  unreason- 
able demands. 


« 34 


EAST   IXDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


A  question  was  moved  to  me  how  long  I  may  conveniently 
stay  for  the  dispeeding  of  one  ship  for  England,  in  regard  of  the 
business  to  be  effected  within  the  time  limited,  to  which  I 
answered,  and  it  was  by  all  thought  fit,  not  to  stay  longer  than 
the  fine  of  January,  doubting  of  an  unseasonable  time  for  the 
returning  of  a  ship  for  England. 


Factors  appointed  for  Surat 
and  other  places  adjoining. 
Mr.  Thomas  Aldworthe. 
Mr.  Nich.  Emsworth. 
Edward  Dodsvvorth. 
William  Biddulph. 
Timothy  Mallory. 
Thomas  Barker. 
I     ily  Ball. 
Henry  Elmore. 
Rich.  Sadler. 
Rich.  Pitt. 
Factors  appointed  for  several  employments  at  present. 

To  remain  at  Surat 


Factors  appointed  for  Agra. 

Mr.  William  Edwards. 
Thomas  Keridge. 
Thomas  Mitford. 
John  Browne. 
Robert  Younge. 
Nich.  Ufflct. 
Nich.  Withington. 
Fra.  Fettiplace. 


For  Amadavar. 

Mr.  Aldworthe. 
Edw.  Dodsworth. 
Rich.  Battye. 
Edward  Holmden. 
Badly  Ball. 
Hen.  Elmore. 

For  Cambaya. 
Humfrey  Elkington. 
Rich.  Pitt. 
Christofer  Farewell. 


For  Baroch. 

J  no.  Oxwick. 
Esay  Butt. 

For  Berodcra. 
John  Sandcrofte. 
J  no.  Crowther. 


until  the  rest  return. 
Mr.  Nich.  Emsworth. 
Mr.  Tho.  Elkington. 
Tho.  Barker. 
Ralph  Preston. 
Timothy  Mallory. 
Rich.  Sadler. 
Wm.  Biddulph. 
Jno.  Tucker. 
Timothy  Wood. 
Samuel  Juxon. 
Will.  Vernon. 

Nicho.  Downton. 
Will.  Edwards. 
Tho.  Aldworthe. 
Tho.  Elkington. 
Edw.  Dodsworth. 
Tho.  Mitford. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


'35 


A  Council  held  the  \th  of  November,  consisting  of  such  persons  as 
are  underwritten. 

The  fourth  day  of  November  proceeding  in  Council  about  our 
forementioned  business,  we  thought  fit  to  send  Mr.  Steel  to 
Mocrob  Chan  with  some  small  toys  and  in  conference  with  him 
to  feel  his  inclination  towards  us  concerning  our  entertainment, 
and  thereupon  privately  to  send  us  word,  and  we  accordingly  to 
proceed  for  the  landing  of  our  goods.  Also  it  was  agreed  what 
sorts  of  calicoes  and  quantities  with  their  prices  it  was  thought 
fit  to  send  for  England,  which,  in  regard  of  the  smallness  of  our 
stock,  it  was  determined  of  these  particulars  underwritten, 
although  it  be  not  the  full  proportion  according  to  the  Company's 
direction,  yet  through  expectation  of  some  good  quantity  of 
indigo  and  better  hope  of  profit  thereby,  this  quantity  was 
ordained  to  be  bought. 


4,000  baftas  of  3s.  per  piece    - 
2,000  baftas  of  4s.  per  piece     - 
2,000  Semians  of  6s.  per  piece 
2,000  Semians  of  8s.  per  piece- 
1,000  coloured  at  i8i.  per  piece 
1,000  chintz  at  2s.  6d.  per  piece 
250  Shashes  at  5s.  per  piece  - 
100  ditto  at  8s.  per  piece 
75  ditto  at  10s.  per  piece    - 
50  ditto  at  15s.  per  piece     - 
25  ditto  at  20s.  per  piece    - 


£ 
600 

400 

600 

800 

75 

125 

62 
40 
37 
37 
25 


10s. 


I  OS. 
IOS. 


12,500 


2,802  10 


Nicho.  Downton. 
Will.  Edwards. 
Tho.  Aldworthe. 
Tho.  Elkington. 
Edw.  Dodsworth. 
Tho.  Miti'ord. 


136  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

l6g 

A  consultation  of  merchants  on  board  the  New  Year's  Gift, 
the  20th  October  1614  in  Surat. 

An  estimation  of  such  goods  as  are  thought  fit  to  be  reladen 
for  England. 

Gumlack  tons  25  -         -         -         -         -  800 

Indigo  cirquez  (Sharkej)  tons  70  -         -  10,000 

Green  ginger  tons  3  100 

Opium  tons  2  100 

In  carpets     ------  500 

In  cotton  yarn 500 

Calicoes  all  sorts  tons  15       -        -         -  2,802 

14,802 


A  consultation  of  merchants  whose  names  are  hereunder  written, 
held  the  28th  of  November  1614  in  Snrat. 

Whereas  in  the  former  consultations  aboard  the  Gift  the 
charge  of  residency  at  Agra  is  esteemed  300/.  per  annum,  being 
so  thought  by  Mr.  Aldworthe,  from  Paul  Canning's  copy  of  his 
letters  to  the  right  worshipful  the  East  India  Company,  of  the 
25th  of  April  1613,  the  said  copy  of  Paul  Canning's  letter  being 
reviewed  by  us  whose  names  are  hereunder  written,  it  doth 
appear  therein  the  said  valuation  of  expense  to  be  four,  five  or 
six  hundred  pounds  per  annum  for  one  to  live  closely  and  with 
credit,  whereupon  a  further  consultation  of  us  the  said  merchants 
hath  been  had,  and  the  case  being  debated  between  us,  we  find 
by  the  report  and  opinions  of  Mr.  Tho.  Aldworthe,  Mr.  Wm. 
Biddulph  and  Mr.  Rich.  Steel,  a  merchant  lately  come  from  the 
court  of  the  Mogore,  that  if  any  man  should  proceed  in  the  fore- 
said employment  of  a  resident  with  the  king,  under  the  title  and 
profession  of  a  merchant,  it  were  better  that  he  went  not  at  all, 
and  so  the  voyage  to  be  overthrown. 

And  the  party  appointed  unto  the  same  charge,  Mr.  Wm. 
Edwards,  being  desirous  to  carry  it  with  the  liking  and  consent 
of  all  the  said  merchants,  either  according  to  the  strict  capitula- 
tion in  that  point  of  the  commission  or  with  such  liberty  as  the 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  137 

necessity  of  the  cause  and  time  requireth,  it  is  therefore  thought 
fit  by  us  the  said  merchants,  for  the  reasons  abovesaid,  that  the 
said  Mr.  Wm.  Edwards  do  proceed  in  the  said  employment  with 
and  under  the  title  of  a  messenger  sent  by  our  king  to  the  Great 
Mogore. 

Tho.  Aldworthe. 

Tho.  Elkington. 

Edw.  Dodsworth. 

Tho.  Mitford. 

Wm.  Biddulph. 

Rich.  Steel. 


170 

Tho.  Aldworthe  to  Tho.  Keridge  at  Agra. 
Laus  Deo  in  Surat,  the  22nd  of  October,  1614. 

OVING  friend  Mr.  Thomas  Keridge,  our  kind  commen- 
dations remembered  etc.  The  5th  of  this  instant  we 
wrote  you  per  our  pattamar  and  sent  you  Mocrob 
Chan's  letter  unto  Asaph  Chan  and  Abulasan  for  the 
delivery  of  Midnall's  goods  into  your  hands,  upon  the  receipt  of 
which  letters  we  doubt  not  but  there  will  be  an  end  of  that  busi- 
ness now,  for  that  it  hath  pleased  God  to  send  hither  in  safety 
four  gallant  ships  from  the  worshipful  Company  with  400  gallant 
men  in  them,  which  is  no  small  joy  unto  us,  as  yourself  may  con- 
ceive. You  shall  now  perceive  that  through  our  General's  good 
directions  his  letters  were  only  sent  home  but  ours  retained  by 
which  means  the  worshipful  Company  had  no  intelligence  from 
any  of  us  what  was  done  here,  neither  what  was  to  be  done  at 
home,  the  General  disgracing  all  of  us  here  in  his  letter  and 
attributed  all  good  services  to  himself;  whereas  you  know  the 
contrary,  that  if  his  pride  had  not  been  resisted  he  had  taken 
[the]  Shabunder's  ship  and  so  overthrown  all  trade  here.  Not- 
withstanding we  hear  by  these  [torn]  are  come  that  the  worship- 
ful Company  in  their  wisdoms  forbear  to  censure  ill  of  us  until 


I38  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

they  [have]  heard  from  us ;  yet  in  the  meantime  they  have  sent 
some  15  merchants  to  remain  [here?]  and  above,  being  all  men 
of  civil  conversation  and  good  fashion,  insomuch  as  we  [have  no] 
need  to  fear  to  be  troubled  any  more  with  rascals  as  heretofore. 
The  principal  [of  these?]  men  is  one  Mr.  Wm.  Edwards,  in  whom 
they  have  great  affiance  and  have  appoin  [ted  him]  as  chief  in  all 
these  parts  to  oversee  their  business,  being  a  man  of  good  suffi- 
ciency to  dis]  charge  it,  yet  it  is  here  concluded  that  he  shall 
come  up  to  Agra   [to  be  resid]  ent  there,  and  Mr.  Aldvvorthe  to 
remain  here  in  Surat  as  before.      This  Mr.  Edwards  aforesaid 
brings  with  him  a  letter  with  other  great  presents  from  our  King's 
Majesty's  own  hand  for  the   Mogul  and  not  from  the  merchants 
as  heretofore,  and  therefore  to    be    respected    thereafter.      The 
presents  are  these,  a  vest  royal  for  the  king  himself  with  the  pic- 
tures of  our  king  and  queen  ;  also  he  brings  one  picture  that  we 
think  will  content  him  above  all,  which  is  the  picture  of  Tam- 
berlaine,  from  whence  he  derives  himself,  besides  many  other  fit 
things  else  to  give  as  he  shall  see  cause.     He  means  not  to  show 
these  things  to  Mocrob  Chan  nor  any  other  great  man,  as  Paul 
Canning  did,  but  will  keep  them  close  until  he  come  to  the  king 
himself.     All  which  you  may  signify  to  the  Great  Mogul  that  you 
may  procure  his    [firman?]    to  be  sent  down  to  Mocrob  Chan  for 
the  kind  using  our  people  now  they  are  come  [  ]  to 

have  free  trade  with  all  the  king's  subjects,  banyans  and  else  with- 
out interruption  which  [  ]  we  find  here  denied,  for  as 
it  seemeth  to  us  Mocrob  Chan  and  Coja  Nazan  through  their 
[  ]  covetousness  hope  to  deal  with  us  for  all,  intending 
to  have  our  commodities  at  a  low  rate,  and  to  give  us  theirs  at  a 
high  rate,  by  imprisoning  our  shroffs  and  others  that  offer  to  go 
to  our  ships.  Now  for  that  their  intent  is  to  lade  what  store  we 
can  get  of  round  indigo  of  Agra,  we  could  wish  that  Signor 
Nicholas  remain  there  for  the  accomplishing  of  that  business, 
being  he  is  already  entered  thereunto,  and  per  the  first  we  mean  to 
pass  him  up  such  monies  as  shall  be  fitting  and  withal  he  may 
take  the  residue  of  those  goods  sent  up  by  Jadow,  provided 
always  that  what  he  sends  down  must  be  here  of  necessity  by  the 
middle  of  January  next,  for  that  the  ships  cannot  longer  stay,  and 
therefore  let  Signor  Nicholas  write  us  down  expressly  whether  we 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  139 

may  trust  upon  it  per  that  time  or  not.  We  mean  to  pass  you 
up  some  20,000  mamoodies  forthwith  that,  if  you  cannot  accom- 
plish it  in  indigo,  yet  it  may  remain  there  for  Mr.  Edwards  the 
lieger,  and  so  we  pray  you  to  write  him  earnestly  to  be  careful 
herein,  which  may  turn  to  his  own  reputation.  The  General  of 
this  fleet  is  Captain  Nicholas  Downton,  a  man  famous  and  well 
respected  by  the  Company.  He  knoweth  Nicholas  and  remem- 
bers his  love  unto  him.  Likewise  Mr.  Edward  Dodsworth,  one 
of  the  chief  men,  kin  to  Sir  Thomas  Smith,  commends  his  love 
unto  you  as  unknown,  and  hath  a  letter  and  a  token  for  you  from 
Mr.  David  Watkins,  which  shall  be  sent  you  by  the  lieger.  Thus 
in  haste  we  thought  lit  to  advertise  you,  intending  within  [three] 
or  four  days  to  write  you  again.  So  in  the  meantime  we  com- 
mend you  to  God  and  rest 

Tho.  Aldworthe. 


171 

William  Eaton  to  Richard  Cocks  in  Firando. 

Ossakey  (Osaka)  in  Japan  the  27th  of  October  1614. 

OST  loving  and  kind  friend  Mr.  Cocks,  I  commend  me 
unto  you  etc.  I  wrote  you  at  large  two  days  past  by 
John  Phebe  of  all  matters,  as  also  how  that  I  had 
received  your  letter  by  Signor  Andrea  Bulgoryn ;  so 
as  at  present  I  have  no  great  matter  to  write  you  of,  but  only 
here  is  great  enquiry  now  for  gunpowder  and  would  sell  at  a  good 
price.  I  wish  I  had  all  you  have  at  Firando  here  etc.  To- 
morrow morning  I  do  purpose,  if  I  have  not  my  fit  of  the  ague,  to 
go,  God  willing,  for  Sackeye  to  see  if  I  can  put  off  my  lead,  the 
which  I  hope  to  do.  If  in  case  I  can  sell  it  away,  I  will  advise 
you  by  the  first,  to  the  intent  you  may  send  me  the  rest  that  is  at 
Firando  so  soon  as  you  can  etc.  The  rest  of  your  timber  and 
boards  I  will  send  by  the  first  conveyance  I  can,  as  also  the 
other  things    you  write  for    and  what    besides    you  gave  me  a 


140  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

remembrance  to  buy  for  you  ;  and  thus  for  present,  being  not  well, 
I  end,  praying  to  the  Almighty  God  for  your  good  health  and  pros- 
perity, the  which  in  His  mercy  long  to  continue,  if  it  be  His  good 
will  and  pleasure  etc. 

Your  loving  friend  to  command, 

Wm.  Eaton. 

I  pray  you  to  commend  me  to  Captain  Adams,  Mr.  Wickham 
and  the  rest.  I  wish  I  had  such  another  furred  cap  as  my  mate 
gave  you,  for  that  I  am  now  so  extreme  cold  on  my  head,  besides 
all  the  parts  of  my  body  is  in  such  a  case  that  all  the  clothes  I 
can  put  on  will  not  keep  me  warm  etc. 


172 

Nicholas  Withington  to  Thomas  Aldworthe,  agent  in  Surat. 

Agra,  the  29th  October  1614. 

IR,  my  duty  remembered  etc.  My  last  unto  you  per 
Fette  Mamood  of  the  20th  August,  per  whom  I  sent 
you  musters  of  anil,  semianos  and  powder  sugars, 
also  advised  you  of  the  prices  of  English  commodities 
here,  with  other  things,  which  at  that  present  I  thought  requisite. 
Since  when  I  have  been  busied  in  recovering  the  anil,  which  hath 
proved  more  troublesome  than  I  expected,  yet  now,  I  thank  God, 
have  all  save  8  maunds,  the  debtors  whereof  (through  the  late 
damage  they  and  divers  others  received  by  the  extraordinary  ra;n 
that  fell)  not  able  to  pay  me,  I  laid  hold  of  their  surety,  who  hath 
given  me  a  true  bond  to  pay  me  my  money  again  a  month  hence, 
of  which  I  make  no  doubt. 

I  have  30  fardels,  in  each  4^-  maunds,  anil  Geree,  and  I  may 
boldly  say,  as  good  as  any  to  be  got,  and  were  ready  to  be  sent 
the  first  of  this  month,  yet  stayed  for  Mr.   Keridge  his  advice 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  141 

therein,  for  I  had  great  hope  of  our  ships  coming,  which  made 
me  make  what  speed  I  possibly  could,  but  he  advised  little  hope 
of  ships  this  year,  therefore  needless  to  make  so  much  haste 
thereof  down.  So  the  10th  ditto  I  brought  all  with  me  to  Agra, 
purposing  to  go  to  Agimeere  (Ajmir)  but  two  days  after  received 
letters  from  Mr.  Keridge,  wherein  he  wrote  me  you  required  my 
stay  here  in  expectation  of  the  cloth  etc.,  for  the  coming  of  which 
I  am  glad,  and  wish  it  were  here  at  present,  for  I  make  no  doubt 
of  the  vent  thereof.  What  will  not  away  for  ready  money  will 
away  in  truck.  My  only  doubt  is  the  goodness  thereof  is  such 
that  it  may  be  a  discredit  to  the  future  sale  of  that  commodity ; 
but  we  will  make  the  best  excuses  we  may  thereof. 

Three  days  past  I  received  yours  of  the  30th  July  which  is  all 
I  ever  received  from  you  since  my  departure  from  Suratt,  but  con- 
cerning the  books  and  papers  you  write  of,  they  were  all  burnt, 
per  the  Frenchman,  as  soon  as  Midnall  was  dead,  of  which  I 
advised  Mr.  Keridge  in  mine  of  the  25th  June,  and  amongst  the 
rest  his  journal,  which  his  man  told  me  was  a  long  paper  book  he 
used  daily  to  write  in ;  and  for  that  business  (for  anything  I  can 
perceive  per  Mr.  Keridge)  there  is  small  hope  of  present  good 
event,  without  you  may  procure  letters  to  better  purpose  than 
those  already  sent. 

Sir  Robert  Sherley  departed  hence  some  five  weeks  past.  He 
looked  to  have  been  entertained  by  the  Chiefs,  as  other  Ambassa- 
dors, but  no  such  order  from  the  king,  neither  did  Coja  Jehan  or 
Aganoro  once  visit  or  send  to  visit  him.  He  stayed  here  only 
10  days  providing  necessaries  for  his  journey,  and  so  departed, 
carrying  the  Frenchman's  elephant  with  him,  and  swore  to  me, 
he  would  make  him  juggle  for  another.  Jadow  presented  him 
with  a  matter  of  100  rupees,  and  afterwards  asked  money  for  his 
present,  but  Sir  Robert's  cashier  not  being  in  the  way,  Jadow 
entreated  for  his  present  again,  which  was  given  him.  The  Jesuits 
came  daily  to  his  house  and  there  said  mass,  their  church  being 
still  locked  up.  "What  passed  with  him  in  Agimere  I  make  no 
doubt  but  you  have  particularly  heard.  He  seemeth  to  be  no 
great  friend  to  the  Company,  yet  makes  show  to  do  something 
concerning  our  trade  in  Persia ;  but  there  may  doubt  be  made  of 
his  entertainment  there,  considering  how  barely  he  returneth. 


142  /'  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

At  my  last  coming  hither  I  found  Jadow  in  prison  for  offering 
to  cozen  Coja  Jehan  with  a  false  ring,  selling  it  him  for  2,500 
rupees.  It  was  expected  daily  he  should  h  ive  Lost  his  head,  and 
had  I  not  come  in  good  time  it  had  gone  hard  with  him.  Before 
he  reported  the  ring  was  sent  him  per  the  English  from  Surat  to 
be  sold,  and  so  shameless  he  was  that  he  entreated  me  to  aver  so 
much,  but  I  made  him  recant  his  former  confession,  and  after- 
wards he  said  he  bought  it  of  a  banyan  in  the  Laskar  for  300 
rupees  (foolishly  condemning  himself).  This  made  Coja  Jehan  so 
mad  to  be  cozened  so  much  that  I  thought  verily  he  would  then 
have  cut  his  throat,  but  in  regard  he  was  broker  to  the  English,  he 
only  sent  him  back  again  to  prison,  yet  would  not  hear  me  speak 
for  him,  though  ever  heretofore  he  hath  used  me  very  kindly  and 
still  helped  me  in  what  I  desired  of  him,  about  my  anil  business. 
But  shame  to  be  importunate  with  him  in  this  cozening  matter, 
notwithstanding  (at  Jadow's  piteous  plight  and  misery  he  lived  in, 
having  been  20  days  in  prison,  not  suffering  him  to  shift  his 
apparel  nor  wash  himself,  allowing  him  little  to  eat)  I  went  twice 
more  to  Coja  Jehan  and  with  much  ado  yet  at  the  last  agreed 
with  him  that  Jadow  should  give  a  present  of  250  rupees  for  his 
cozenage  to  the  king,  and  be  released,  for  which  sum  I  have 
passed  my  word  to  pay  in  four  days;  so  I  am  promised  he  shall  be 
released  to-morrow,  but  I  doubt  it  will  cost  him  a  greater 
sum  besides  the  loss  of  his  ring.  His  shroff  hath  paid  me  the 
250  rupees,  so  I  will  do  what  I  may  for  his  present  release  (though 
he  little  deserve  it  at  my  hands)  and  send  him  to  Mr.  Keridge,  for 
he  hath  often  bragged  to  me  he  could  recover  the  goods  in  one 
hour,  such  is  his  power  with  Asaph  Chan  ;  but  I  could  never  get 
him  to  depart  hence  nor  Mr.  Keridge,  though  ten  times  writ  to 
him  to  come.  The  reason  of  his  stay  was  for  the  sale  of  his  ring, 
which  now  he  confesseth  and  repenteth.  I  am  certainly  informed 
this  ring  belonged  to  Augustine,  which  may  well  be,  and  given 
Jadow  on  the  same  condition  as  his  100  rupees  were.  If  all 
knaves  had  the  like  luck,  there  would  be  less  cozening. 

Some  five  months  past  here  died  a  Portingal  and  now  lately 
per  the  king's  order  his  goods  are  seized  upon  to  the  value  of 
47,000  rupees.  The  other  Portingalls  that  were  resident  here, 
some  five  days  past  departed  secretly  away  towards  iBrampore?] 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  143 

with  80  camels  laden  with  anil,  semianos,  and  other  merchandise. 
So  that  at  present  there  is  no  Portingal  remaining  here,  but  one 
Jesuit  an  Italian  and  three  days  past  here  arrived  an  Italian 
which  came  from  Tutta  (Tatta).  His  merchandise,  all  looking 
glasses  and  Almain  knives,  he  is  commanded  to  carry  to  Agimeere 
to  the  king. 

So  not  remembering  further  at  present  I  take  etc. 

Your  loving  friend, 

Nich.  Withington. 


173 

William  Eaton  to  Richard  Cocks  at  Firando. 
Osakeye  in  Japan  the  30th  of  October  1614. 

IR,  my  humble  duty  unto  you  remembered  etc.  My 
last  letter  unto  you  was  by  this  same  conveyance, 
wherein  I  wrote  you  that  here  was  great  enquiry  after 
gunpowder  and  is  still  very  much  sought  after ;  so  as 
if  you  have  not  sold  it  before  this  come  to  your  hands  it  would 
not  be  amiss  if  you  think  it  good  to  send  it  away  for  Sackeye  with 
all  expedition,  as  also  what  lead  you  have  there  remaining  and 
likewise  one  stammel  cloth,  which  goods  I  doubt  not  but  I  shall 
sell  them  away.  As  yet  I  am  offered  for  my  lead  but  55  mass 
the  pecul,  but  will  not  so  sell  it,  hoping  for  a  better  price. 
Powder  is  worth  at  present  26  taels  the  pecul,  but  I  make  account 
it  will  be  better  sold  hereafter.  I  have  not  now  time  to  write  you 
as  I  would,  in  that  I  am  now  come  from  Sackeye  and  the  barque 
was  going  away  in  as  I  came.  I  am  now  abiding  at  Sackeye  in 
the  house  of  Zezay  Seemon  in  the  street  called  Zeyea.  And  thus 
for  present  being  in  great  haste  I  end,  praying  to  the  Almighty 
God  for  your  good  health  and  prosperity  etc. 

Your  loving  friend  to  command, 

Wm.  Eaton. 


144  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

John  Jourdain  and  George  Ball  to  the  East  India  Company. 

Sent  by  a  Dutch  pinnace  ;  received  out  of  Holland  in  May,  1615. 

Bantam  the  31st  October,  laus  Deo,  anno.  1614. 

]IGHT  Worshipful,  Our  most  hearty  salutations  in  all 
duty  remembered  etc.  May  it  please  you  to  under- 
stand the  Concord  arrived  here  the  8th  of  the  last 
month,  and,  praise  be  to  God,  in  safety;  and  we  being 
now  by  your  letters  possessed  of  your  minds  with  purpose  with  all 
speed  and  diligence  according  to  our  several  talents  to  join  in  exe- 
cution of  the  same  ;  the  Almighty  lend  us  His  blessing.  But  since 
the  news  here  published  of  ...  .  refusal  to  contribute  to  the  charge 
of  the  Hollanders  and  forts  in  these  parts,  the  only  difference  as 
it  is  said,  hindering  the  combination  of  the  two  companies,  that 
of  the  English  and  the  Hollanders,  they  have  taken  a  most  strange 
course  of  that  trade,  but  whether  of  compulsion  or  malice  or  both 
we  are  not  able  to  judge.  Bantam  is  stored  by  them  for  future 
years  with  the  most  vendiblest  commodities  ....  at  very  base 
rates,  selling  that  for  four  for  which  we  refused  ten,  being  withal  so 
great  hazard  for  payment  as  none  but  they  would  have  adventured. 
If  the  Hollanders  proceed  in  other  their  factories  with  the  already 
begun  project  we  shall  be  forced  to  follow  a  pernicious  if  not  a 
most  malicious  example,  perhaps  both,  for  the  Hollanders  do 
already  threaten  to  attack  us  if  we  do  but  so  much  as  peep  into 
those  countries  that  of  ....  we  desire  to  be  armed  for  the  trial, 
having  already  omitted  too  much  opportunity.  The  inhabitants 
of  Amboyna  (?)  and  those  parts  as  too  much  and  too  long  oppressed 
by  the  Hollanders  desires  at  present  nothing  more  than  a  change, 
but  more  especially  that  of  ...  .  and  if  now  we  perform  not 
with  them  they  are  like  to  fail  in  their  hopes  and  we  in  ourexpecta- 
tion.  We  have  a  pinnace  almost  in  readiness  to  solicit  A  mboyna  (?) 
and  the  adjacent  towns ;  we  wish  the  Concord  had  herein  been  at 
our  appointments,  not  having  any  certainty  when  to  be  provided. 

1  This  letter  is  partly  in  cipher.  Those  portions  which  have  been  deciphered  are 
printed  in  italics,  while  blanks  have  been  left  for  a  few  words  or  phrases  (mostly  repre- 
sented in  the  cipher  by  arbitrary  signs)  the  meaning  of  which  could  not  be  discovered. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  145 

Here  is  of  late  arrived  the  new  General  of  the  Hollanders  with 
three  tall  ships.  He  came  coasting  it  along  the  Indies,  sending  one 
ship  into  the  Red  Sea  to  perform  what  as  yet  we  know  not,  but 
hope  hereafter  to  understand.  We  have  letters  from  Peter  Floris 
giving  us  to  understand  that  the  ship  is  sheathed  and  he  ready  in 
August  last  to  set  sail,  had  he  had  water  to  have  got  over  the  bar, 
for  which  he  is  forced  to  attend  a  spring  tide  ;  hoped  to  sail  in 
September  last,  and,  making  account  thereupon,  we  hope  to  see 
them  here  within  these  20  days.  The  lading  she  hath  is  cali- 
coes (?)  and  cotton  yarn;  the  rest  she  takes  in  here  in  pepper  (?) 
about  some  four  thousand  sacks.  We  have  no  news  of  the 
Osiander,  James,  and  Darling,  but  expect  them  daily  to  be  here, 
the  first  from  Priaman,  the  second  and  third  from  Potania  and 
Siam.  There  will  be  laden  this  vintage  by  the  Hollanders  above 
sixty  thousand  sacks,  and  of  pepper  (?)  a  matter  of  400  tons,  be- 
sides calicoes  (?)  and  other  goods ;  and  great  cause  there  is  they 
lay  it  on  as  needing  new  supplies  to  maintain  A  mboyna  (?)  and  other 
the  adjacent  parts.  The  last  year  might  have  been  more  favourable 
unto  them  and  if  this  year  prove  no  worse  their  fortune  may  con- 
tent them.  And  so  for  this  time  being  compelled  to  abbreviate, 
with  my  hearty  prayers  to  Almighty  God  to  endue  your  Worships 
with  increase  of  honours,  long  life  and  felicity,  we  most  humbly 

take  our  leave.     Vale. 

Your  Worships'  servants, 

John  Jourdain. 
Geo.  Ball. 


175 

A  note  of  the  ports  in  Perscia,  observed  from  Sir  Robert  Sherley. 
In  Agemere,  October  [1614] . 

ASQUES  is  a  point  of  the  mainland  of  Perscia  at  the 

entrance  of  the  gulf  and  is  30  leagues  without  Ormus. 

It  is  full  of  rocks,  but  guided  by  a  pilot  of  that  coast 

you  may  anchor  secure  within  a  musket  shot  of  the 

shore  in  5  fathoms  water,  and  shooting  off  a  piece  of  ordnance, 

you  may  be  supplied  with  a   pilot  from    the   shore.     It  is  not 

Y 1268.  l 


,46  EAST   fXDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

fortified,  yet  hath  it  a  fit  place  for  that  purpose.  There  is  only  a 
fisher  town,  and  3  leagues  off  it  lieth  the  king's  viceroy  of  that 
province.     The  road  is  a  neck  of  land  in  fashion  of  a  half  moon. 

Damone  (Bandar  Abbas  ?)  is  the  second  port  within  Jasques, 
and  is  the  best  and  strongest  in  the  king  of  Perscia's  dominions. 
It  lieth  3  leagues  off  Ormus  right  opposite  thereunto,  where  rideth 
all  manner  of  ships,  without  fear  or  danger  except  it  be  off  at  sea. 
Batan  (Bostanah  ?)  lieth  35  leagues  within  Ormus,  a  very  good 
road.  It  hath  a  small  island  lying  in  the  mouth  thereof,  by  which 
it  is  defended  from  the  wind  which  cometh  off  the  sea,  and  is  not 
much  unlike  the  bay  of  Saldanya  at  Cape  Esperance,  save  that  it 
is  not  so  big.  It  is  not  fortified,  but  hath  a  small  city  where 
is  great  trade  of  the  pearl  which  is  brought  from  Bareyne 
(Bahrein). 

Bareyne  is  an  island  upon  the  coast  of  Arrabya,  40  leagues  off 
the  coast  of  Perscia.  It  yields  no  profit  for  commodity,  except 
only  the  fishing  of  pearls,  which  are  esteemed  to  be  the  richest 
and  best  in  the  world.  This  island  the  king  of  Perscia  took  from 
the  Portingals  and  keepeth  a  garrison  of  800  horse  thereon.  This 
place  is  environed  with  shoals  in  such  sort  that  small  fustoes  very 
often  run  aground  and  is  not  navigable  with  vessels  of  burden. 

Rashell  (Reshire)  lieth  80  leagues  from  Ormus  within  the  gulf 
of  Perscia.  It  it  well  fortified  and  hath  5  fathoms  water  on  the 
one  side  and  7  fathoms  on  the  other  side  thereof.  The  king 
keepeth  there  continually  100  fustoes  and  galleys  with  them  to  cut 
off  all  passengers  that  offer  to  go  from  Ormus  to  Balsora,  which  is 
the  Turk's  dominion,  and  no  Portingal  vessel  approach  in  sight 
but  they  chase  them,  and  some  8  years  since  they  took  a  Portingal 
ship  of  1,400  tons  for  breach  of  the  premises.  Ormus  in  ac- 
knowledgment of  gratuity  to  the  king  of  Perscia  for  sustaining 
them  with  water  and  provisions  payeth  yearly  tribute  24,000  larins 
per  annum  for  that  it  is  in  his  power  to  cut  off  their  water  at 
pleasure,  which  the  last  year  he  did,  the  Portingals  failing  in  pay- 
ment of  their  tribute,  whereupon  they  presently  gave  satisfaction. 
This  Rashell  is  a  fine  town,  and  hath  a  navigable  river  for  boats 
of  burden  in  8  days  to  go  up  to  Sherase  (Shiraz)  which  is  the  second 
city  in  Perscia  and  ten  days  journey  with  camels  from  Espahaune 
(Ispahan),  the  king's  chief  seat. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  147 

Note  that  all  parts  of  the  king  of  Perscia's  dominions  are  free 

rom  dache  or  customs,  but  there  is  a  certain  toll  taken  of  every 

beast's  lading  of  goods  which  goeth  out  of  the  kingdom  of  Perscia, 

which  the  king  commandeth  for  the  payment  of  soldiers,  to  keep 

the  country  free  from  thieves  or  robbers.1 

Per  me 

Tho.  Keridge. 


176 

Tecou,  7th  November  1614. 

TRUE   copy  of  all   the   writings   sent   home   to   the 
Honble.  Company  per  me  Wm.  Nicholls. 

Item,  One  whole  journal  of  all  accounts   passed  in 
Atchein  (Acheen). 

More,  One  Journal  of  business  passed  in  Tecou  in  anno  1614. 

One  letter  directed  to  the  honourable  Company. 

One   note  of  pepper  taken  from   the  Dragon's  company  in 
Atchein. 

One  invoice  of  goods  laden  from  Atchein  in  the  Dragon  and 
Expedition. 

One  invoice  from  Bantam  in  the  ship  Rose. 

A  [?]    of  the  king  of  Atchein's  letter  sent  to  His  Majesty  in 
England. 

A  note  of  household  expenses  and  charges  at  Tecou  in  par- 
ticular. 

The  last  will  and  testament  of  Robert  Carter. 

One  inventory  of  goods  left  at  Atchein. 

Mr.  Jackson's  account  that  died  in  Atchein. 

Balance  of  account  between  Mr.  Fursland  and  Wm.  Nicholls. 
Witness  our  hands 

Thomas  Brockedon. 
Thomas  Mill. 

1  This  last  paragraph  is  added  from  a  more  perfect  copy  enclosed  in  O.  C.  270. 

L  2 


i4S'  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


177 

William  Edwards  to  the  East  India  Company. 
By  the  Hope.     Received  2nd  December,  1615. 

J3N0URABLE  and  Right  Worshipful,  my  humble  duty 
and  service  remembered. 

My  last  unto  you  was  at  Saldania,  of  the  28th  June 
1614,  wherein  I  advised  of  our  proceedings  unto  that 
time,  which  was  with  prosperous  success,  where  we  arrived  the 
15th  June  and  delivered  ashore  that  ungrateful  Coria,  who,  after 
his  first  departure  from  the  ship,  never  appeared  in  sight  of  any 
of  our  fleet.  Our  refreshing  from  the  shore  was  very  little,  but 
from  the  river  we  had  plenty  of  fish,  whereby  our  men  were  much 
refreshed.  In  the  same  place  we  found,  as  the  custom  is,  advice 
of  divers  of  your  ships  that  had  lately  touched  there,  both  outward 
and  homeward,  viz. :  The  Dragon,  arriving  there  the  20th  Feb- 
ruary, 1613,  departed  thence  the  6th  March  next  homeward.  The 
Expedition,  arriving  the  21st  ditto  March,  departed  the  prime 
April  next.  The  Concord,  arriving  the  gth  May  last,  departed 
28th  ditto  outwards. 

The  2nd  July  we  departed  from  Saldania  with  your  four  ships, 
and  all  our  Company  in  health  except  6  men  which  died  thither- 
ward (whereof  3  by  sickness  and  3  by  accident),  and  proceeded  for 
St.  Augustine,  upon  St.  Laurence  Island,  where  we  arrived  the 
6th  of  August,  and  departed  the  13th  ditto  from  thence  to  Socator 
(Socotra)  where  we  arrived  the  9th  September,  and  bought  of 
Mulliamer  Benzaid,  the  king  of  the  island,  27  kintals  of  aloes  at 
30  rials  of  eight  per  kintal,  who  entertained  us  with  all  love  and 
courtesy,  and  showed  us  divers  letters  of  Sir  Henry  Middleton  and 
Captain  Saris. 

From  thence  we  departed  the  14th  ditto  and  proceeded  for 
India,  and  in  our  way  we  met  with  a  junk  belonging  to  Surat  of 
100  tons  with  100  men  in  her,  who  being  distressed  by  want  of 
water,  and  fearful  of  being  taken  by  the  Portingals,  we  supplied 
her  wants,  and  towed  her  at  the  Hector's  stern,  as  being  the  best 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  149 

ship  of  sail,  which  we  delivered  safe  in  her  port,  the  which  the 
people  of  these  parts  take  in  very  thankful  part,  and  begets  us 
much  love  here,  where  we  arrived  on  the  coast  near  unto  Dabull 
the  prime  of  October,  and  plying  along  the  shore  with  variable 
winds,  there  came  aboard  our  General  a  frigate  from  the  Captain 
of  the  Castle  of  Gingeere  Rashpoorie  (Danda  Rajpur  ?)  who  in- 
formed us  of  the  wars  that  is  between  the  Mogul  and  the  Portin- 
gals,  which  proceeded  of  the  Portingals  taking  of  one  of  the 
Mogore's  ships  richly  laden,  and  tendered  unto  us  whatsoever 
that  place  afforded  for  refreshing  of  our  people,  and  earnestly 
desiring  us  to  put  into  that  place  with  our  ships ;  unto  whom  our 
General  sent  a  present  of  two  sword  blades,  and  some  few  knives, 
with  a  letter  to  Mr.  Aldworthe  to  be  conveyed  by  land  to  Suratt. 
And  passing  along,  the  next  day  there  came  aboard  our  General 
two  Portingal  frigates,  armed  with  store  of  men,  of  purpose,  as  it 
appeared,  to  view  our  ships,  who  also  told  us  of  the  wars  before, 
with  some  compliments  of  courtesy,  and  so  departed. 

The  15th  ditto  we  arrived  at  South  Swally,  or  near  where  we 
now  ride.  The  next  day  Mr.  Aldworthe  came  aboard  our  General, 
who  gave  great  encouragement  for  our  welcome  and  trade  in  these 
parts,  although  since  our  coming  hither,  through  the  imbecility 
and  weak  judgment  of  Mocrob  Chan,  Viceroy  of  Suratt,  whose 
disposition  savours  more  of  child  than  man,  being  very  vain  and 
toyish  in  all  his  proceedings,  we  have  had  many  delays  in  the  dis- 
charge of  our  goods  unto  our  great  loss  of  time ;  yet  the  general 
encouragement  we  have  by  the  town,  of  all  the  better  sort  of 
people,  and  appearance  of  fear  in  the  Viceroy  that  our  uncour- 
teous  entertainment  should  come  to  the  ears  of  the  Mogore,  gives 
great  hope  of  better  in  this  place  hereafter.  The  principal  pre- 
tence of  his  delaying  us  consisted  of  these  two  demands :  First, 
that  we  would  go  with  our  ships,  and  ride  at  the  river's  mouth  of 
Suratt,  and  fight  with  the  Portingals  if  they  should  come  thither ; 
the  next,  that  our  General  would  give  under  his  hand,  to  defend 
the  city  of  Suratt  if  the  Portingal  should  seek  to  invade  the  same  ; 
both  which  our  General  refused,  as  being  forbidden  by  our  king's 
commission,  and  in  these  and  such  like  much  time  was  spent. 
But  in  fine,  seeing  he  could  not  enforce  what  he  attempted,  he 
gave  us  free  leave  to  land  our  goods  and  proceed  in  our  trade. 


,5o  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

The  consultation  of  the  council  of  merchants  appointed  for  the 
entrance  of  this  trade,  and  the  answers  of  Mr.  Aldworthe  unto  the 
divers  articles  that  concern  Paul  Canning  and  the  needfulness  of 
residency  in  Agra,  with  the  circumstances  thereon  depending,  go 
hereinclosed,  underwritten  by  the  parties  present,  with  some 
further  considerations  annexed  thereunto  as  appeareth. 

On  the  8th  November  we  put  ashore  ioo  broad  cloths  and 
12  chests  of  rials  with  the  two  chests  of  looking-glasses;  but  in 
customing  the  same  we  have  had  much  toil,  by  reason  of  the 
foresaid  inconstant  condition  of  Mocrob  Chan,  his  carriage  and 
entertainment  in  our  affairs  being  very  base  and  vile,  whereof  the 
people  of  the  country  speak  much,  desiring  some  opportunity  to 
remove  him  out  of  these  parts,  whereof  they  have  good  hope. 

Divers  places  on  this  coast  is  besieged  by  the  Mogore,  viz.  : 
Chaule,  Damon,  Bassine ;  the  Governor  of  Surat  under  Mocrob 
Chan,  whose  name  is  Hoginozan,  is  gone  to  Damone  with  an  army 
to  supply  the  siege  there,  and  others.  Great  means  is  made  by 
the  Portingals  for  a  reconciliation,  offering  restitution  of  the  afore- 
said ship  and  goods,  but  no  acceptance  will  be  had.  The  Mogore 
his  answer  is :  he  will  have  all  his  country  under  his  own  subjec- 
tion, and  will  be  no  more  subject  to  them  as  heretofore.  No 
Portingals  are  suffered  to  remain  here  or  elsewhere  within  the 
command  of  the  Mogore,  except  two  Jesuits,  who  are  here 
imprisoned. 

The  Portingals,  by  the  report  of  Mr.  Aldworthe  and  others, 
upon  the  taking  of  the  foresaid  ship,  offered  to  restore  the  same, 
if  the  Mogore  would  deliver  the  English  that  were  here  into  their 
hands,  which  the  Mogore  refused  to  do. 

Upon  our  coming  ashore  here,  we  have  particularly  run  with 
Mr.  Aldworthe  into  the  state  of  this  country,  for  the  divers  com- 
modities fit  to  be  reladen  for  England,  and  understand  by  him 
that  great  plenty  of  all  such  sorts  are  here  to  be  had ;  but,  com- 
puting the  charge  of  relading,  we  find  our  stock  to  be  very  short 
for  the  lading  of  one  of  your  ships  with  such  commodities  as  you 
desire  and  are  here  to  be  had.  Wherefore  we  shall  be  constrained 
to  lade  some  store  of  cotton  yarn  more  than  else  we  should  have 
done.  The  particulars  of  goods  to  be  reladen  by  our  consultation 
will  herein  appear. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


IS' 


December  the  20th  [1614] ,  in  Amadavar. 

Since  the  writing  of  the  above,  we  have  been  by  the  aforesaid 
Mocrob  Chan  delayed  in  the  town  of  Suratt  very  long,  and  as  we 
suspect  through  some  vile  designs  of  his,  which  is  thought,  being 
discovered  to  the  Mogore,  will  hazard  the  loss  of  his  head,  for  that 
he  hath  many  great  enemies  near  the  king,  with  whom  some 
respondency  must  be  held  in  that  point ;  for  so  long  as  he  doth  re- 
main Governor  in  Suratt,  we  are  not  like  to  have  any  fair  enter- 
tainment in  our  trade.  He,  being  a  great  friend  to  the  Portingals, 
worketh  underhand  to  bring  them  in  again,  which  the  king  will 
by  no  means  hear  of.  We  came  into  Suratt  the  8th  November 
and  were  detained  till  the  30th  ditto,  not  being  permitted  either  to 
proceed  to  the  court  with  the  king's  presents  or  to  return  to  our 
ships  ;  and  one  principal  cause  was  that  he  might  not  have  a  sight 
of  the  king's  presents,  whereof  Mr.  Aldworthe  had  written  to  the 
court,  and  that  they  were  sent  by  such  a  man  as  would  not  show 
them  to  any  until  they  came  before  the  king,  which  he  saith  he 
would  take  in  very  good  part,  for  he  is  very  toyish  and  desirous 
of  novelties  and  esteems  not  of  things  of  this  kind,  whereof  himself 
hath  not  the  first  sight.  Yet  the  said  Mocrob  Chan  hath  forcibly 
seen  them,  and  written  thereof  to  the  king,  which  thing  being 
seconded  by  the  discontents  we  have  received  from  him  since  our 
coming  ashore,  will  work  him  much  disgrace  with  the  king,  which 
being  so,  will  give  a  great  furtherance  to  our  proceedings  in  all 
these  parts.  The  presents  having  been  seen  of  Mocrob  Chan  and 
known  of  the  king  what  they  are,  they  must  of  necessity  be 
delivered  all  at  once,  or  within  some  few  days  respite  allowed  by 
the  king,  for  his  condition  in  these  things  will  admit  no  delays. 

Since  our  arrival  in  this  place,  and  proceeding  in  our  employ- 
ments, we  find  indigo  to  be  at  such  reasonable  rates  and  our 
quicksilver,  lead,  elephants'  teeth  and  vermilion  to  give  such 
reasonable  profit,  beyond  our  computation  in  our  consultations, 
for  relading  that  I  hope  we  shall  be  able  to  relade  the  Hector 
and  Solomon,  or  at  the  least  the  Hector ;  the  certainty  whereof 
I  cannot  advise,  for  that  I  am  presently  to  set  forward  for  Adgi- 
meare,  where  the  king's  court  is  kept,  whereunto  I  am  appointed, 
as  in  our  consultations  will  appear,  and  under  what  title  and 
circumstances,  with  the  reasons. 


152  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

If  sufficient  indigo  be  here  to  be  bought,  as  I  hope  there  will, 
then  it  is  resolved  to  lade  few  calicoes  or  other  commodities,  for 
that  the  indigo  of  Cirques  (Sarkhej),  which  usually  hath  been  sold 
at  18  rupees  the  maund,  is  now  bought  for  12  rupees  little  more  or 
less,  which  I  suppose  will  be  more  profitable  than  any  other 
commodity  that  can  be  laden  from  these  parts. 

Things  best  for  presents  generally  with  all  the  people  of  these 
countries  are  novelties  and  things  of  little  worth,  and  are 
esteemed  for  their  rarity  and  not  for  their  value.  Wherefore  if  it 
please  you  to  send  by  your  next  ships  for  the  Mogore,  an  English 
coach  and  coachman,  to  bring  their  horses  to  that  labour,  it 
would  be  very  acceptable  with  the  king ;  and  to  send  some  curled 
water  spaniel  of  the  greatest  size,  with  a  bloodhound  or  two, 
they  would  be  very  welcome,  for  they  will  hardly  be  persuaded 
that  they  can  be  taught  to  fetch  or  find  things  lost.  The  mastiffs 
that  came  along  in  these  ships  are  all  dead  except  one,  whereof 
we  are  very  chary,  for  that  I  understand  it  will  be  very  acceptable 
with  the  king. 

All  the  small  commodities  which  were  sent  in  these  ships,  as 
looking-glasses,  comb  cases,  knives,  pictures,  fowling  pieces,  Mus- 
covy hides  and  such  like,  serve  only  for  presents,  but  will  not 
sell  at  any  price.  Pewter  is  here  worth  8d.  the  pound  and  copper 
to  be  bought  is  worth  loci,  per  lb.  and  raw  Persian  silk  not  to  be 
had  in  these  parts,  nor  are  at  any  time,  for  it  is  here  worth  as 
much  as  in  England.  Gumlac  is  not  now  to  be  had,  but,  being 
bespoken  at  some  reasonable  warning,  may  be  had  some  reason- 
able quantity.  We  have  brought  along  with  us  from  Suratt  to 
this  place  36,000  rials  of  eight,  though  with  some  charge  and 
hazard  by  reason  of  the  multiplicity  of  robbers  in  great  troops, 
yet  unto  good  profit,  for  it  gives  them  picas  (pice)  upon  every 
rial  auanto,  above  the  value  at  Suratt,  the  plain  cross  being 
worth  two  rupees  and  ten  pice  but  the  new  cross  is  five  pice  less, 
and  abatance  in  both  for  what  they  lack  of  weight,  for  they 
weigh  all. 

The  rest  of  the  former  voyage  in  these  parts  under  the  charge 
of  Mr.  Tho.  Aldworthe  will  be  about  3,000/.  sterling,  as  Mr.  Ald- 
worthe  saith.  The  accounts  are  not  yet  agreed,  nor  could  well 
be,  for  the  daily  trouble  and  employment  given  us  by  Mocrob 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  153 

Chan,  but  the  rest  goeth  along  in  these  ships,  employed  in  indigo 
and  white  baftas.  In  your  succeeding  trade  in  these  parts,  it 
will  require  that  a  reasonable  stock  be  left  here  for  the  daily  buy- 
ing of  indigo,  which  are  to  be  had  at  all  times  of  the  year  in  the 
hands  of  the  country  people,  whereby  much  good  may  be  done, 
for  that  divers  of  the  country  people  are  constrained  to  sell  to 
engrossers  at  very  low  prices  for  want  of  money  to  supply  the 
needful,  and  this  being  the  chief  place  for  Cerques  indigo,  a 
factor  would  be  settled  here. 

Mr.  Richard  Steel,  an  Englishman,  coming  through  Persia 
in  pursuit  of  certain  monies  in  the  hands  of  Jo.  Midnall  of  the 
account  of  Mr.  Leat  and  Company,  which  Midnall  fled  out  of 
Turkey  into  these  parts,  thereby  to  abuse  his  employers,  came 
about  seven  months  since  to  Suratt  and  discovered  unto  Mr.  Ald- 
worthe  part  of  what  he  had  gathered  in  his  travels  through 
Pearsia,  concerning  the  hope  and  likelihood  of  trade  there  by  the 
way  of  the  Red  Sea  and  near  unto  Ormus,  at  a  place  called 
Jasques,  which  is  an  open  road,  but  the  wind  blows  at  north 
seven  months  in  the  year,  which  is  from  the  beginning  of  Sep- 
tember to  the  end  of  March.  It  lieth  from  Ormus  60  courses, 
each  course  a  mile  and  a  half,  and  from  Synda  200  courses,  and 
from  Jasques  to  Sphan  (Ispahan),  which  is  the  emperor's  court, 
450  courses ;  but  the  description  thereof  our  General  will  more 
particularly  advise  of,  for  that  since  my  coming  ashore  he  hath 
questioned  some  of  the  pilots  of  those  parts. 

This  Richard  Steel  hath  been  detained  here  by  Mr.  Ald- 
worthe  ever  since  his  first  coming  hither,  under  pretence  of 
employing  him  in  the  discovery  of  the  said  trade  of  Pearsia,  fur- 
ther to  strengthen  himself  in  the  understanding  and  knowledge 
of  those  countries,  and  the  several  commodities  vendible  and  to 
be  bought  there,  which  it  seems  he  hath  very  willingly  and  cheer- 
fully attended,  and  hereupon  a  consultation  was  had  by  such  of 
the  merchants  factors,  whose  names  are  to  the  said  consultation 
(the  copy  whereof  I  send  here  inclosed),  wherein  was  determined 
and  agreed  that  for  better  satisfaction  of  your  Worships  and  more 
full  discovery  of  the  hoped  trade,  the  said  Richard  Steel  and 
John  Crouther,  one  of  your  Worships'  servants,  should  proceed 
therein,  viz.  the  said  John  Crouther  to  go  along  with  Richard 


154  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

Steel  as  far  as  Sphane,  which  is  the  principal  place  aimed  at, 
and  thence  to  return  for  these  parts  with  a  relation  of  wh.it  dis- 
covery they  shall  have  made,  under  both  tin  ir  hands,  and  the 
said  Steel  to  proceed  for  England  by  the  way  of  Alleppo,  like- 
wise to  certify  unto  your  Worships  both  what  they  both  shall 
have  done  and  also  himself  in  particular  after  his  departure  from 
Sphan,  whereby,  if  a  liking  shall  be  had  thereof,  you  may  with 
more  certainty  proceed  in  the  same  ;  and  for  the  needful  to  defray 
the  expense  it  is  ordered  they  shall  carry  along  with  them  by  bills 
of  exchange  or  in  specie  600  rials  of  eight,  which  we  esteem  may 
be  the  charge  of  the  whole  journey  little  more  or  less,  whereof 
the  said  Mr.  Steel  will  give  your  Worships  a  reason  upon  his 
arrival  in  England.  He  is,  both  by  the  report  of  Mr.  Aldworthe 
and  by  the  little  experience  of  him  in  myself,  honest  and  fair 
conditioned,  and  I  mistake  him  much  if  he  prove  not  so.  He  is 
very  desirous  to  do  your  Worships'  service,  and  although  some 
opportunity  offered  him  preferment  with  the  Dutch  at  Moslipatan 
(Masulipatam)  yet  he  refused  the  same,  to  attend  on  his  hopes  in 
your  business,  the  which  he  hath  done  these  7  months  past  upon 
his  own  charge  without  any  allowance  from  hence.  Wherefore  if 
your  Worships  shall  out  of  your  liberal  dispositions  consider  him 
for  his  good  intents  and  expense,  I  suppose  it  will  not  be  ill 
bestowed.  His  desire  is  that,  as  he  hopes  to  be  the  first  that  shall 
discover  this  hoped  trade,  so  he  may  have  such  employment 
therein  as  his  endeavours  and  your  good  opinions  shall  make  him 
worthy  of,  wherein  I  think  your  Worships  shall  think  and  find 
him  very  fit. 

Whereas  I  understand  that  Mr.  Aldworthe  in  his  advice  for 
England  hath  encouraged  the  sending  of  1,000  broadcloths  for 
this  place  by  the  first,  I  wish  that  either  his  letter  may  have  mis- 
carried or  that  you  shall  have  suspended  upon  further  reasons 
than  his  little  time  could  then  areme(?)  for  such  advice,  for  more 
experience  hath  since  showed  him  the  error  (which  any  man 
might  easily  have  run  into,  the  reasons  truly  considered)  for  one 
quarter  of  that  quantity  is  more  than  all  these  parts  will  vent,  for 
little  use  is  here  made  thereof  except  covering  of  saddles.  So  as 
if  you  shall  have  sent  by  this  next  fleet  according  to  the  foresaid 
advice,  they  must  of  necessity  remain  here  until  your  further  order. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  155 

For  the  river  of  Synda  I  have  informed  myself  what  is  needful, 
and  understand  that  no  vent  for  cloth  is  to  be  expected  there,  nor 
hope  of  returns  worthy  the  sending  thither. 

Whereas  it  pleased  our  worthy  Governor,  his  deputy  and  com- 
mittees, in  their  commission  to  deliver  their  opinions  whom  they 
thought  fit  of  their  servants  factors  for  residence  at  Agra,  or  the 
court  of  the  Great  Mogore,  if  of  necessity  there  must  be  one 
residing  there,  the  council  of  merchants  appointed  for  determining 
the  same,  respecting  the  said  commission,  have  proceeded  in  their 
choice  accordingly  and  appointed  me  unto  the  same  employment, 
as  in  our  consultation  with  the  circumstances  will  appear,  and  I 
like  an  unskilful  pilot  in  the  wayfaring  mysteries  of  this  court's 
conditions,  have  been  glad  to  embrace  the  direction  of  better 
experience,  and  herein,  as  in  whatsoever  else,  I  desire  to  be 
engaged  unto  your  Worships'  temperate  censures  in  case  of 
calumny  or  misreports,  which  are  incident  unto  foreign  employ- 
ments. 

The  Portingals  it  seems,  being  weary  of  their  wars  with  the 
Mogore,  use  their  best  diligence  to  reconcile  the  difference  both 
by  sinister  and  violent  means,  first  closing  with  the  banyans  of 
Cambaia,  who  before  our  coming  offered,  in  the  behalf  of  the 
Portingals,  to  make  restitution  of  whatsoever  was  taken  in  the 
foresaid  ship  of  the  Mogore's,  but  the  king  would  by  no  means 
hear  thereof,  forewarning  all  men  any  more  to  solicit  that  cause. 
The  next  means,  the  Portingal  fathers  have  writ  for  Spayne  for 
toleration  unto  the  English  for  trade.  And  lastly  their  frigates 
run  to  and  fro  upon  the  coast  burning  and  destroying  all  they  can, 
and  lately  they  have  prevailed  upon  part  of  Baroch  and  burnt 
divers  of  the  houses  in  the  suburbs,  and  divers  ships  and  boats 
there  and  left  it.  They  have  also  burnt  the  greatest  part  of 
Goga,  with  three  of  their  ships  riding  at  anchor,  with  divers  petty 
places  on  the  coast ;  all  which  the  king  is  very  impatient  for  and 
fortifies  in  all  parts  on  the  sea  coast.  Three  galleons  are  lately 
arrived  at  Goa,  about  the  20th  of  October  last,  who  upon  their 
arrival  as  we  are  advised  made  way  to  come  to  our  ships,  but  we 
have  little  fear  of  them  that  they  will  be  seen  of  our  ships,  for 
their  last  conflict  is  not  yet  forgotten  but  is  very  famous  in  all 
these  parts. 


156  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

Our  good  friend  Mr.  Nich.  Emsworth  deceased  the  [blank] 
and  the  same  day  died  Timothy  Wood,  both  of  the  bloody  flux. 
Divers  others  of  our  friends  here  have  been  touched,  but,  praised 
be  God,  we  are  all  at  present  in  good  health. 

My  stay  in  this  city  hath  been  somewhat  the  longer,  to  put 
and  see  some  forwardness  in  our  business  of  indigoes,  whereof  we 
have  bought  unto  this  time  about  500  churls  and  I  doubt  not 
that  the  Hector  and  Solomon  will  return  from  hence  laden  for 
England  whither  God  send  them  in  salvo.  So  with  my  humble 
service  I  commend  you  to  God's  protection,  who  direct  all  your 
actions. 

Your  Worships'  in  all  humble  service, 

Will.  Edwards. 


178 

Copy  of  Tho.  Keridge  his  letter  to  Mr.  Aldworthe  and  Wm. 
Biddulph,  sent  from  Surat  by  Mr.  Tho.  Elkington  to  Nich. 
Downton  in  Swally  road. 

Agimeare  (Ajmere),  the  15th  November  1614. 

ORSHIPFUL  Sir  and  loving  Friend,  The  4th  present 
by  your  pattamar  I  wrote  you  an  answer  of  yours  of 
the  5th  of  October,  whereunto  I  refer  you.  Since 
have  urged  unto  the  king  for  restitution  of  Midnall's 
goods,  showing  him  Mocrob  Chan's  letter  to  that  purpose,  which 
he  hath  given  order  shall  be  delivered  unto  me,  and  Aseph  Chan 
hath  affirmed  it  under  his  seal ;  but  must  use  the  same  course 
therein  as  in  getting  Mr.  Canning's  goods,  so  it  will  be  some  time 
ere  obtained.  The  goods  are  disposed  for  the  king's  use,  but 
monies  will  be  paid  as  they  have  rated  them,  which  I  have 
formerly  written  you  is  the  custom.  And  now  have  received 
yours  of  the  22nd  October,  22  days  after  the  date  thereof,  whereby 
I  perceive  the  arrival  of  the  English  ships,  which  doubtless  is  a 
great  comfort  unto  us  all ;  and  blessed  be  God  for  the  safe  arrival. 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  157 

Here  was  news  of  them  eight  days  before  mine  came ;  and  this 
people  rejoiceth  thereat,  for  that  they  hope  it  will  be  a  means  to 
bring  the  Portingals  to  a  better  conclusion  with  them  than  else, 
which  the  king  longs  for  and  is  wearied  with  Mocrob  Chan's 
profitless  being  there.     I  marvel  not  so  much  at  our  General  for 
attributing  all  good  services  to  be  done  by  himself  in  settling  of  the 
factory  as  at  that  he  should  use  means  for  the  defaming  [detaining  ?] 
of  our  letters  to  the  worshipful  Company.     I  estrange  thereat  and 
cannot  conceive  with  honesty  it  should  be  contrived  or  answered, 
neither  by  him  nor  the  messenger.     For  his  disgrace  of  all  of  us 
in  his  letters,  for  my  own  part  I  allege  no  desert,  yet  took  pains 
by  his  commandments  as  other  men ;  but  this  is  most  manifest : 
had  not  Mr.  Aldworthe  directly  refused  to  follow  his  will,  we  had 
left  this  place  and  trade,  as  letters  extant  may  prove ;  whereon 
grew  that  dissension  betwixt  them ;  whether  did  well  I  refer  me 
to  those  who  must  censure  either.     I  rejoice  to  hear  of  the  civil 
conversation  of  those  appointed  by  the  worshipful  Company  to 
reside  here,  but  more  especially  for  Mr.  Wm.  Edwards  the  ap- 
pointed lieger  being  a  man  so  sufficient  as  you  advise,  which  will 
be  needful  here  amongst  this  inconstant  people,  the  king  carried 
away  as  a  child  pleased  with  toys  from  the  adverse  and  from  us, 
wherewith  I  doubt  not  Mr.  Edwards  cometh  better  furnished  than 
any  heretofore  hath  been,  by  which  means  his  respect  will  be 
continued  the  greater;  and  it  is  requisite  that  honour  be  done' 
him  below  by  the  English,  whereof  the  king  will  have  notice  and 
regard  him  accordingly.     Concerning  the  present  he  bringeth  I 
think  the  king  will  like  well  thereof  and  esteem  it  the  more,  if  it 
be  not  seen  by  any  until  it  come  to  his  view.     The  particulars  I 
inform  not,  though  some  inquisitive  to  know,  for  that  the  things 
unthought  on  or  once  expected  will  most  content  him.     Concern- 
ing the  king's  letters  to  Mocrob  Chan  for  the  kind  usage  of  our 
people,  free  trade  and  so  forth,  by  means  of  Aseph  Chan  I  urged 
unto  the  king  and  he  granted  his  firman  should  be  written  unto 
him ;  which  obtained  I  will  send  it  by  your  pattamar  and  some 
other,  for  the  safe  conveyance.     As  for   Mocrob  [Chan] ,  all  busi- 
ness concerning  us  and  our  trade  is  referred  unto  him,  and  as  he 
adviseth  so  things  here  will  pass,  and  what  he  granteth  there  will 
be  confirmed  here.     Therefore  all  good  means  must  be  used  to 


i58  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

give  him  content  and  to  frustrate  his  expectation  [of]  dealing  for 
your  goods.  If  the  Company  resolve  to  Leave  so  great  a  stock 
here,  I  think  you  shall  do  best  to  be  slow  in  sales  until  the  ships' 
departure  and  buy  your  commodities  for  ready  money,  which  will 
advance  your  sales.  The  country  is  void  of  our  commodities  and 
here  scarcity  of  cloth,  where  greatest  quantity  will  vent,  where- 
with the  lieger  coming  well  furnished  will  soon  have  vent  for  the 
same. 

For  round  indigo  of  Agra  bought  by  Signor  Nicholas  is  in  a 
readiness  to  come  down,  and  upon  news  of  the  ships,  before  the 
receipt  of  your  letters,  I  wrote  him  and  wished  him  underhand 
to  vent  there  in  expecting  you  would  advise  to  that  purpose,  and 
that  [on]  receipt  of  your  letter  sent  him  the  copy  thereof,  so  as 
you  sent  the  20,000  mamoodies  it  will  be  invested  and  sent  you 
down  by  the  time  prescribed.  There  is  great  quantity  of  old  and 
new  in  Agra  and  no  buyer,  and  cheaper  now  than  before  it  was 
ready ;  and  for  the  speedier  conveying  of  it  I  have  advised  him  to 
send  it  hither,  and  so  by  the  way  of  Amadavas,  which  is  much 
the  nearer,  and  if  need  require  I  will  procure  the  king's  letter  for 
safe  conducting  of  it ;  though  I  think  there  is  no  danger  in  such 
commodities,  and  people  daily  pass  secure. 

The  broker  Jadow  four  days  since  is  come  unto  me  and 
denieth  the  receipts  of  the  Frenchman  ;  saith  he  will  justify 
himself  of  his  enlargement.  I  doubt  not  Nich.  Withington  hath 
written,  whereunto  I  refer  me.  The  Dutch  letter  I  herewith  send 
you,  hoping  you  will  now  get  them  interpreted  below,  for  the 
Dutchman  is  not  returned  from  the  Prince's  Leskar.  My  letters 
for  England  I  sent  you  to  be  conveyed  for  Mosolopatan,  which  I 
hope  you  have  received,  whereof  I  pray  you  advise  me.  You 
have  been  sparing  of  news  within  your  promised  letters  I  now 
hourly  expect.  I  pray  you  commend  my  duty  to  the  General, 
Captain  Downton,  and  to  Mr.  Edwards,  unto  whom,  though 
unknown,  yet  by  your  foot-post  I  will  write  unto  him.  I  perceive 
my  old  acquaintance  Mr.  Watkins  hath  been  more  mindful  of  me 
than  I  have  had  opportunity  to  remember  him.  I  wish  you  had 
sent  his  letter,  that  I  might  have  answered  it  by  the  ships.  To 
Mr.  Dodsworth  I  pray  you  to  commend  my  love  until  the  next, 
when  in  a  few  lines  I  purpose  to  gratulate  his  courtesy.     And 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  159 

thus  with  my  prayers  and  best  wishes  for  the  whole  fleet  in 
general,  not  forgetting  my  duty  to  yourself  and  kind  commenda- 
tions to  Mr.  Biddulph,  I  rest 

Your  loving  friend  to  be  commanded 

Tho.  Keridge. 

If  you  have  occasion  to  send  a  foot-post,  employ  this  bearer, 
who  is  the  speediest  in  Surat  and  enjoins  you  2  days  for  the 
journey;  otherwise  they  attend  for  other  letters  after  their 
dispeeding. 


179 

The  copy  of  the  opinion  of  all  the  factors  concerning 
the  behaviour  of  Richard  Cobb. 

16th  November,  1614. 

T  is  not  unknown  unto  you  all  in  general  that  Richard 
Cobb  is  a  man  which  is  ordinarily  given  to  drink, 
at  which  time  he  is  subject  to  talk  much  and  reveal 
the  secrets  of  the  worshipful  Company  to  any  that 

at  such  time  is  familiar  with  him ;  and  therefore  not  fit  to  be  of 

a  council. 

2.  When  he  is  a  little  in  drink,  as  also  in  his  best  wits,  is  apt 
to  brawl  with  any  man  upon  the  least  occasion  with  such  bitter, 
vile,  and  base  terms,  provoking  anger,  that  a  patient  man  is  not 
able  to  suffer  it. 

3.  Further,  he  is  a  man  given  to  sloth  and  idleness,  not  en- 
deavouring himself  to  do  any  service  which  concerns  the  worship- 
ful Company's  business,  scorning  to  be  commanded,  thinking 
himself  to  be  in  rank  of  the  best,  and  therefore  not  under 
command. 

4.  Also  he  will  upon  the  least  occasion  given  scandalize  any 
man  without  respect  of  place  or  person,  as  well  in  public  as 
private,  and  at  all  times  when  he  meets  with  his  companions. 


160  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

5.  For  which  cause,  and  many  other  disorders,  he  was  left 
behind  the  James  when  she  went  for  Potanye  (Patani),  having 
made  great  strife  between  the  captain  and  cape  merchant. 

6.  And  having  divers  times  misbehaved  himself  since  his  being 
here  in  Bantam,  to  the  great  disgrace  of  our  nation  and  the  rank 
of  civil  merchants,  and  now  last  of  all,  the  nth  of  November, 
1614,    having   been    abroad   and   taken    some    drink    more   than 
ordinary,  began  to  rail  at  some  of  the  merchants,  breaking  into 
their  chambers  perforce  to  brawl  with  them,  for  which  cause  I 
took  him  into  my  chamber,  thinking  to  pacify  him  by  fair  means, 
entreating  him  to  go  to  bed,  which  with  much  ado  he  promised 
and  so   departed ;    but  within    two    hours   he   went    out    of  his 
chamber  and  sought   to  break  open  the  merchants'  doors,  they 
being  abed,  railing  on   them  with  such  an  outcry  and  noise  that 
all  our  neighbours  might  hear  it,  and  especially  the  Hollanders 
who  dwell  near  us;  whereupon  awaking,  I  went  forth  to  pacify 
him,  but  the  more  I  entreated  the  more  he  railed ;  and  seeing  no 
remedy  I  called  for  the  bilboes  and  put  in  one  of  his  legs,  and 
within  a  quarter  of  an  hour  I  sent  the  steward  to  let  him  out  if 
he  were  quiet  ;  which  he  refused,  saying  that  he  would  be  cleared 
by  justice.     Therefore  I  have  thought  good  to  set  down  in  writing 
these  his  ordinary  pranks,  with  others  which  I  omit,  desiring  you 
and  every  of  you  in  particular  to  set  down  in  writing  your  opinions, 
without  envy  to  him  or  favour  to  me,  whether  he  deserves  the 
place  of  a  merchant  or  not,  all  these  things  being  considered, 
which  you  know  to  be  true. 

[John  Jourdain.] 
Bantam  the  14th  of  November,  1614. 

The  opinion  of  George  Ball  upon  the  abuses  and  defaults 
approved  against  Richard  Cobb,  one  of  the  merchants  of  the 
Ninth  Voyage  is  that  he  is  not  sufficient  to  negotiate  as  a 
merchant  in  affairs  of  weight  and  trust,  as  are  the  employments 
of  the  Company  in  these  parts,  he  wanting  both  wit  and  ex- 
perience to  counsel,  secrecy  to  conceal,  and  will  and  ability  to 
perform.  But  since  it  is  his  desire  (as  finding  himself  in  the 
judgment  of  himself  much  wronged,  to  be  subject  unto  the 
correction  of  authority)  to  go  for  his  native  country,  I  do  freely, 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  161 

as  finding  no  reason  for  his  stoppage,  give  my  consent  to  his 
passage,  knowing  with  others  that  the  Company's  affairs  hath  no 
need  of  him  nor  his  like,  howsoever  others. 

Whereas  it  hath  been  required  by  John  Jourdain,  Captain  of 
the  house,  for  the  opinions  of  the  rest  of  the  merchants  of  the  said 
house,  whether  Richard  Cobb,  now  resident  in  Bantam,  be  fit  to 
negotiate  the  place  of  a  merchant,  and  to  know  the  secrets  of  the 
Company's  affairs  and  the  course  of  their  business  as  one  of  the 
Council,  my  opinion  is  that  he  is  not  nor  no  way  worthy  the 
place  of  a  merchant.  My  reasons  are  these  :  First,  he  is  much 
given  to  drink,  and  in  his  drink  to  reveal  what  hath  been  declared 
and  spoken  of  in  private  council  concerning  the  Company's  affairs, 
not  only  to  men  of  our  own  house  but  also  unto  strangers. 
Secondly,  he  is  not  a  man  fit  for  any  business,  being  very  lazy  and 
not  desirous  to  put  himself  forward  in  that  which  belongeth  to  a 
merchant.  Thirdly,  in  his  drink  much  given  to  scandalize  and 
slander  any  man  that  he  taketh  disgust  against,  and  in  his  best 
wits  so  contentious  that  he  is  not  fit  to  live  in  a  place  of  civil 
government  nor  come  into  the  company  of  any  man  that  desires 
to  live  quietly ;  therefore,  as  his  desire  is,  more  fitter  to  be  sent 
home  to  his  native  country  with  the  first  than  to  remain  here, 
where  there  is  no  need  of  so  ill  a  member  in  so  small  a  common- 
weal as  is  our  house  at  Bantam,  or  any  other  the  Company's 
factories  in  the  East  Indies. 

Upon  a  Council  held  concerning  the  misbehaviours  of  Richard 
Cobb,  I  was,  with  the  rest  of  the  factors  here  in  Bantam,  required 
to  give  my  opinion  unto  Captain  John  Jourdain,  chief  of  the 
factory,  concerning  him,  which  is  as  followeth,  viz.  :  First,  I 
know  it  to  be  true  that  he  is  a  man  given  to  drunkenness  and  in 
that  humour  much  given  to  brawls  and  making  of  bait  betwixt 
parties,  and  scandalizing  any  man  upon  any  small  occasion, 
although  no  otherwise  grounded  than  upon  his  own  invention  and 
rash  folly,  and  also  in  such  humours  easy  per  circumstances  to  be 
drawn  to  reveal  secrets.  He  is  so  much  a  lover  of  his  own  ease 
that  since  his  coming  to  Bantam  he  hath  not  been  found  forward 
nor  fit  in  or  for  any  business  whatsoever,  but  rather  a  hinderer  of 
Y 1268.  m 


i6a  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

other  men's  proceedings  concerning  the  worshipful  Company's 
affairs,  for  which  causes,  for  the  better  and  more  quiet  proceeding 
of  the  rest  of  the  factors  in  the  Ninth  Voyage  he  was  left  here  at 
Bantam,  where  he  hath  not  omitted  to  verify  that  in  himself  by 
his  evil  carriage  which  formerly  he  was  accused  of,  for  part  of 
which  causes  he  hath  lately  suffered  a  small  punishment  for  a 
malefact  committed  per  him,  which  he  justly  deserved,  being 
drunk.  Wherefore  my  opinion  is,  in  regard  of  his  infirmities, 
that  he  is  a  man  not  worthy  to  know  the  secrets  of  the  worshipful 
Company's  affairs  determined  in  council,  but  rather  that  he  be 
sent  home  for  England,  discharging  the  worshipful  Company  of 
that  charge,  rather  than  he  stay  longer  here  in  the  country  and 
do  them  no  service. 

A  proposition  related  by  Captain  Jourdain,  wherein  is  required 
all  our  opinions  of  the  carriage  and  behaviour  of  Mr.  Richard 
Cobb,  whether  that  he  doth  deserve  to  be  in  the  rank  of 
merchants  or  worthy  to  know  the  affairs  of  the  worshipful 
Company,  being  a  man  inclined  to  ill  carriage  as  he  hath  been 
hitherto. 

I  have  hitherto  found  Mr.  Cobb  in  his  actions  to  be  so 
perverse  in  making  of  brabbles  and  slanders  of  the  factors  here 
resident  that  it  is  impossible  for  a  patient  man  to  endure  his  most 
vile  and  outrageous  railing ;  besides  that  I  do  truly  speak,  that  he 
is  very  unwilling  to  give  his  aid,  help  and  assistance  in  furthering 
of  any  business  for  the  Company  ;  and  being  desirous  to  go  for 
his  native  country  at  this  present,  I  rather  give  my  opinion  in 
letting  his  mind  be  fulfilled  therein  than  to  stay  him  here,  because 
he  is  not  a  man  to  live  under  a  command  or  government,  and 
therein  I  hope  he  shall  be  well  contented,  and  the  rest  here  might 
hereafter  enjoy  peace  and  quietness,  which,  if  it  be  otherwise,  I  do 
expect  more  contentions  than  have  any  reformation.  Moreover 
in  conclusion,  because,  through  difficulty  in  overseeing  himself  in 
drink,  he  is  apt  to  speak  and  reveal  the  secrets  of  the  Company, 
and  therefore  a  man  not  fit  for  such  a  place,  that  the  Company 
might  receive  any  further  harm.  Thus  referring  the  same  to  the 
rest  of  your  opinions  that  it  may  be  for  the  best,  I  commit  you  to 
God  Almighty's  protection. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  163 

The  opinion  of  Samuel  Boyle  is,  that  Richard  Cobb  doth 
justly  deserve  to  be  displaced  from  being  a  merchant,  in  regard  of 
his  manifold  abuses  and  misdemeanours ;  first,  in  regard  the  said 
Richard  Cobb  is  much  addicted  unto  drinking ;  secondly,  that  he 
doth  disclose  the  secrets  of  the  Company,  and  also  is  held  and 
reputed  to  be  a  turbulent  and  contentious  person,  and  one  that 
hath  caused  much  strife  and  dissension  between  many  of  the 
Company's  chief  servants,  which  is  an  evil  precedent  and  very 
prejudicial  unto  the  worshipful  Company.  Yet  under  correction 
and  your  favourable  censure  it  may  please  you,  upon  his  sub- 
mission with  hearty  promise  of  reformation  of  his  former  abuses, 
to  remit  his  punishment,  I  doubt  not  but  that  he  will  hereafter 
endeavour  to  give  good  satisfaction  and  content  unto  all  men. 

Having  taken  the  opinions  of  all  the  merchants  in  Bantam 
concerning  the  abuses  of  Richard  Cobb,  and  finding  all  of  them  to 
concur  in  one :  to  be  a  seditious  person  and  such  a  one  as  can 
conceal  no  secrets  nor  fit  to  be  employed  in  the  Company's 
affairs  ;  and  myself  having  seen  some  part  of  his  proceedings  to  be 
corresponding  to  their  opinions,  finding  him  to  be  a  man  which 
will  obey  no  command  :  these  things  being  considered,  I  hold  it 
necessary  that  in  the  first  convenient  passage  he  repair  for  his 
country,  there  to  make  satisfaction  to  the  worshipful  Company  of 
his  wilful  proceedings ;  and,  in  the  meantime  of  his  being  here,  I 
do  exclude  him  from  the  council  of  merchants  until  such  time 
as  his  merits  may  deserve  better,  etc. 

Bantam,  the  16th  of  November,  1614. 


N  2 


164  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


180 

Piete  Willems  Floris  and  George  Chauncey  to  Thomas  Aldworthe 

at  Surat. 
16th  November,  1614. 

OOD  Mr.  Thomas  Aldworthe,  my  kind  commendations 
remembered  etc.  Yours  of  the  19th  of  August  last  I 
received  the  nth  September,  whereby  I  perceive  the 
long  time  that  the  pattamar  hath  been  in  the  coming 
thither,  which  might  have  been  a  great  hindrance  to  the  right 
worshipful  Company's  service,  if  it  so  had  fallen  out  as  we  did 
make  account  at  first,  but  it  is  fallen  out  contrary  to  our  expec- 
tations, because  that  the  ship,  being  trimmed  this  four  months 
past,  could  not  come  over  the  bar  till  the  third  of  October  last, 
at  which  time  she  had  a  happy  hour,  because  if  she  then  had  not 
come  over,  at  this  day  she  should  still  have  been  within  the  river; 
but  God  be  praised  for  His  assistance  and  blessings  bestowed 
upon  us,  so  that  the  23rd  she  came  here  into  the  road,  and  now 
we  are  shipping  our  goods  ;  so  that  I  hope  by  the  grace  of  God 
to  be  ready  to  set  sail  from  hence  about  primo  December  next, 
and  to  touch  first  at  Bantam  and  so  for  England.  The  Lord  of 
Heaven  give  us  His  blessing,  and  send  us  well  into  our  country ; 
and  then  the  letters  which  you  send  to  the  right  worshipful  Com- 
pany shall  be  well  and  safely  delivered.  In  the  meantime  I  shall 
take  a  special  care  of  the  keeping  of  them.  I  perceive  what  you 
write  about  the  cotton  yarn,  calicoes  and  indigo.  If  the  calicoes 
would  yield  no  more  than  three  for  one  then  they  are  not  worth 
the  charge  which  the  Company  must  bear.  Concerning  indigo, 
that  you  esteem  your  flat  indigo  better  as  our  best  muster  which 
we  did  send  you,  we  are  here  wholly  contrary  of  opinion,  because 
this  indigo  is  higher  of  colour  and  much  more  coppered  than  the 
flat  indigo  is.  It  is  true  that  there  is  more  dross  in  this  indigo ; 
yet  nevertheless  this  indigo  is  sold  in  the  Low  Countries  at 
15  and  16s.  Flemish,  and  the  flat  indigo  is  worth  no  more  than 
11  and  12s.  Flemish  the  pound.  The  time  will  learn  as  it  please 
God  to  send  us  well  home.     Gion  Maria  di  Moreth  is  arrived 


EAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECORDS  165 

here  in  a  very  poor  estate.  I  have  delivered  him  the  letter  which 
was  enclosed  in  yours.  He  is  willing  to  go  with  the  ships  for 
Bantam.  I  shall  advise  me  about  this  matter,  considering  he  is 
in  a  poor  estate  and  destitute  of  all  help  and  friends.  But  as  for 
that  roguish  John,  whereof  I  did  write  you  in  my  last,  he  is  run 
away ;  he  hath  sought  to  cozen  me,  but  if  I  could  catch  him  I 
would  cozen  him.  I  have  kept  this  bearer  till  now  because  that 
I  might  write  you  certainly  of  our  estate,  which  is  as  I  have  noted 
before,  five  or  six  days  more  or  less,  because  I  have  here  yet  some 
debts  to  receive ;  and  so  soon  as  I  have  them  I  hope  to  set  sail, 
having  nothing  more  to  sell  or  to  buy. 

The  first  of  this  month  arrived  here  a  Dutch  ship  coming  in 
three  months  from  Bantam,  and  in  her  there  comes  the  Visitador 
General  for  the  Dutch  to  visit  these  coasts,  and  they  look  for 
two  ships  more  within  a  month.  News  they  bring  that  Prince 
Henry  is  dead,  the  Duke  Charles  established  into  his  place,  the 
Princess  is  married  with  the  Prince  Elector  of  Heidelberch,  com- 
monly called  Palsgrave  of  the  Rhine,  of  whom  he  hath  a  young 
son,  whereof  there  is  great  joy  throughout  all  countries.  The 
king  of  Spain  did  make  great  suit  for  her,  but  he  was  denied,  who 
is  now  to  marry  with  the  daughter  of  the  duke  of  Savoy.  Den- 
mark and  Sweden  are  united  together.  The  war  of  Muscovy  and 
Poland  continues.  The  truce  betwixt  Spain  and  the  Low 
Countries  continued,  but  at  home  and  not  abroad.  Prince 
Maurice  is  established  Knight  of  the  Garter  of  England. 
These  are  the  general  news  of  Europe.  At  Bantam  there  are 
no  English  ships.  The  James  is  gone  for  Siam  and  Patania, 
and  the  Osiander  for  Priaman,  where  the  English  are  in  great 
danger,  for  the  king  of  Acheene,  who  is  [blank]  very  angry 
that  the  English  have  set  a  factory  in  Priaman  without  his 
leave  and  he  hath  sent  some  prows  and  other  fustes  to  fetch 
them  from  thence  and  to  bring  them  for  Acheene,  although 
I  hope  the  Osiander  shall  prevent  them,  which  the  time  will 
learn.  In  February  last  came  a  small  ship  from  Holland  with 
advice,  who  did  arrive  in  August  at  Bantam.  He  hath  encoun- 
tered and  spoken  with  an  English  ship  who  was  full  of  men,  who 
came  expressly  to  succour  the  Trades  Increase ;  which  ship  was 
not  yet  arrived  at  Bantam.     As  for  any  other  ships  I  cannot  learn 


166  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

what  quantity  the  Company  is  to  send ;  only  they  say  that  the 
next  spring  was  to  come  a  fleet  of  ships  from  England. 

In  the  Moluccoes  continues  the  war  betwixt  the  Spaniards 
and  the  Dutch  ;  albeit  that  the  Dutch  have  the  strongest  part, 
yet  they  cannot  beat  out  the  Spaniards. 

The  Darling  is  departed  from  Bantam  now  almost  a  year  ago, 
and  was  bound,  as  the  Dutch  tell,  for  this  place  ;  but  we  have 
here  no  news  of  her,  neither  have  they  at  Bantam,  so  that  it  is  to 
be  afraid  she  is  not  well,  wheresoever  she  may  be.  I  pray  God 
prevent  the  worst. 

The  trade  in  the  Moluccoes  as  at  Bantam  is  very  bad,  espe- 
cially cloths  of  all  sorts  almost  in  no  request ;  therefore  if  you  are 
providing  some  cloths  for  Bantam  I  could  wish  that  you  only  did 
buy  some  red  Carricanns  and  black  Candekins  with  some  chintz 
and  patales  of  silk  for  girdles,  and  a  small  quantity  of  black 
baftas ;  the  rest,  I  believe,  will  be  but  small  profit.  The  opium 
they  say  is  worth  almost  nothing.  This  is  the  news  which  I  have 
learned  by  this  ship.  As  for  letters,  I  have  received  none,  ac- 
cording to  the  fashion  of  Bantam,  who  are  very  loath  to  spoil  a 
sheet  of  paper.  And  so,  not  having  other  news  at  present  to 
advise  you  of,  only  to  take  a  kindly  and  honest  leave  of  you, 
beseeching  God  to  bless  and  prosper  you  in  all  your  business, 
and  to  send  you  well  home,  as  I  hope  He  will  do  us,  that  we  may 
have  more  acquaintance  one  with  the  other.  In  the  meantime  I 
pray  that  you  will  have  a  good  honest  opinion  of  me  as  I  have  of 
you,  and  because  of  the  uncertainty  of  men's  lives,  if  so  should 
fall  out  that  it  pleased  God  to  call  me  out  of  this  world  before  I 
come  into  England,  that  you  then  will  give  no  other  report  of  me 
than  you  well  and  surely  are  informed  of,  because  a  man  after  he 
is  dead  can  have  no  better  or  greater  treasure  than  a  good  name. 
And  so  I  commend  you  to  the  holy  protection  of  the  Almighty 
Lord.  Mr.  Geo.  Chauncey,  merchant,  commends  him  very 
kindly  unto  you.  The  like  I  pray  have  me  commended  unto  the 
rest  of  the  friends  which  are  with  you. 

From  Mussilpatam,  this  16th  of  November,  1614,  stilo  Ang. 
Your  very  loving  friends, 

Pieter  Willems  Floris. 
George  Chauncey. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  167 

l8l 

Captain  Nicholas  Downton  to  the  East  India  Company. 
Swally  Road,  the  20th  of  November,  1614. 

IGHT  Worshipful,  These  are  to  give  you  to  understand 
in  briefest  sort  of  our  proceedings  since  the  seventh  of 
March,  when  we  departed  Dover  Road.  Without  any 
touch  or  stay,  more  than  contrary  winds  enforced,  by 
our  best  endeavours  we  attained  to  Saldania  the  15th  of  June, 
where,  to  the  great  hindrance  of  our  business,  by  loss  of  our 
boats,  we  wore  out  the  tail  of  a  long  storm,  many  of  our  people 
now  appearing  somewhat  touched  with  the  disease.  Refreshing 
of  flesh  we  had  in  manner  none ;  we  had  some  little  fish,  by  our 
continual  endeavours  in  the  river.  For  Cory,  soon  after  our 
coming  thither,  we  in  hope  of  his  better  performance,  and  nothing 
doubting  of  his  love,  I  let  him  go  away  with  his  rich  armour  and 
all  his  wealth  in  the  company  of  his  friends,  but  what  became  of 
him  after  we  know  not,  neither  could  ever  understand.  Having 
dispatched  our  watering  and  some  time  tended  on  the  wind,  we 
set  sail  and  put  to  sea,  the  2nd  of  July,  1614 ;  and  after  much 
contrary  winds  and  a  long  passage,  we  arrived  at  the  bay  of 
St.  Augustin  the  6th  of  August,  where  we  took  in  water  and  wood 
and  somewhat  refreshed  our  people  with  very  good  beef,  so  far  as 
we  had  any  silver  chain  or  links  of  whistles  to  buy  them,  for 
otherwise  we  could  procure  very  little.  For  a  cow  we  paid 
twelve  new  English  sixpences,  which  they  hang  about  their 
necks ;  if  we  had  not  had  sixpences  they  would  have  had  so  many 
shillings.  Spanish  money  they  will  take  none.  They  seem  to 
be  people  well  inclined  and  just,  though  I  wish  none  to  be  bold 
thereof,  for  one  good  or  bad  man  in  authority  may  sway  much 
among  the  multitude.  From  thence  we  departed  the  12th  day, 
directing  our  course  so  near  the  shoals  of  St.  Lawrence  as  fitly 
we  might.  We  passed  along  leaving  the  islands  of  Moyella  and 
Commora  on  our  larboard  side  and  the  great  island  of  Moyetta 
on  our  starboard  side,  but  touched  at  neither,  in  regard  of  our 
haste  to  save  the  monsoon.  The  gth  of  September  at  night  we 
anchored  in  the  road  of  Delisha  at  Zoccatra  (Socotra)  where  by 


i68  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

the  king  and  some  Indians,  which  in  a  small  ship  were  then  I 
endeavoured  to  inform  myself  of  the  state  of  our  business  at 
Surat,  of  Captain  Best  Ins  last  proceedings  with  the  Portuj 

whose  report  suited  my  content.  We  lingered  sometime  about 
the  aloes,  which  at  a  dear  rate  we  bought  at  30  rials  per  kint.il, 

which  is  o,61bs  ;  and  the  14th  day  we  set  sail  towards  Surrat. 
The  23rd  day  the  wind  ti><>k  us  short,  being  [68  leagues  short  of 
the  coast  of  India.  The  2nd  of  October  we  had  sight  of  land  so 
far  to  leeward  as  Dabull,  and  against  the  wind  we  turned  up  and 
arrived  in  Swally  Road  the  15th  day,  and  to  my  great  comfort 
not  having  above  four  sick  men  in  the  whole  Beet.  We  find  by 
report  Chaull  and  Bassaim  slightly  besieged  by  the  Decans,  and 
Damon  and  Diu  by  the  Mogore's  forces,  and  Mocrob  Chan  our 
arch-enemy  general  of  the  forces  against  Damon.  Great  report 
was  of  his  gladness  of  our  being  come;  but  we  find  for  no  other 
cause  but  to  serve  his  own  turn,  thinking  to  have  had  us  at  com- 
mand to  have  battered  the  castle  of  Damon  with  our  ships 
(which  would  have  been  his  honour)  wherein  the  Portugals  are 
contained  ;  which  business  and  attempt  my  commission  barred 
me.  Then  he  would  have  had  me  under  my  hand  to  keep  the 
Portugals'  forces  out  of  the  river  of  Surat,  which  I  could  neither 
grant ;  for  that  there  was  room  for  frigates  and  galleys  divers 
ways  to  pass  in,  where  wanted  water  for  my  ships  to  ride  to  stop 
them  ;  neither  had  I  warrant  to  begin  wars  with  the  Portugals, 
unless  they  first  gave  me  cause.  Many  days  have  we  spent  in 
frivolous  debating  of  our  business,  long  doubting  whether  we 
might  resolve  to  stay,  land  our  goods  and  do  our  business  here, 
or  seek  some  other  place  where  we  might  have  more  hopes  in  the 
governors,  who  are  all  greedy  of  presents.  At  length  it  seemed  to 
us  that  there  was  no  doubt  of  danger  in  landing  of  our  goods,  but 
only  that  he  had  crossed  us  for  not  having  his  will,  both  in  the 
use  of  our  ships  and  appointment  of  men  for  the  buying  of  all 
our  goods  to  his  own  use  and  benefit,  unfit  for  us  to  grant  ;  in 
which  time  the  people  were  often  restrained  their  boats  and 
carriages  to  transport  us ;  so  that  when  our  merchants  were  sent 
to  the  town,  we  could  not  in  long  time  get  them  again,  nor  well 
hear  from  them  ;  not  that  they  were  much  ill  entreated,  but  all 
boats  restrained  to  carry  them  back  over  the  river.     He  so  much 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  169 

presumeth  on  the  king's  favour  that  he  doth  what  he  list.  We 
have  hope  when  Mr.  Edwards  shall  come  to  the  court  by  his 
good  endeavours  with  the  king  to  help  much.  He  is  now  setting 
forwards  for  Agra,  and  others  with  money  towards  Amadavar  to 
buy  commodities  for  return  home.  I  pray  God  bless  their 
journey  and  endeavours. 

At  my  first  speaking  with  Mr.  Aldworthe,  who  through  his 
desire  of  the  good  of  the  Company,  which  in  my  conceit  (upon 
new  acquaintance)  he  is  very  zealous  of,  he  informed  me  that  in 
Persia  may  yearly  be  vented  a  good  quantity  of  cloths  and  kerseys, 
so  the  colours  be  good,  and  dyed  in  the  wool,  and  that  there  may 
be  silk  returned  at  reasonable  rates,  so  as  place  may  be  found  for 
to  contain  ships  within  the  king  of  Persia  his  dominions,  which 
is  near  unto  Ormus ;  where  may  arise  some  opposition  by  the 
Portugals  when  they  grow  to  strength,  though  now  they  seem 
but  weak,  and  if  the  Indian  princes  do  exercise  their  own 
strength  they  will  be  every  day  weaker,  yet  it  is  like  by  reason  of 
their  many  occasions  the  next  year  there  will  go  some  good 
forces  out  of  Portugal,  from  whence  the  report  is  there  hath 
come  no  ships  to  India  these  two  years,  by  which  they  are  much 
at  present  disabled ;  yet  there  is  still  a  report  that  the  Viceroy  will 
come  for  Surat  with  all  the  forces  he  can  make,  which  I  think 
cannot  stand  with  good  discretion  in  regard  they  are  so  many 
ways  beset.  Though  I  purpose  to  seem  no  more  secure  than  if 
they  were  to  come  to-morrow,  for  I  more  think  of  their  wily 
stratagems  by  fire  and  otherwise  than  of  their  force,  which  I 
think  cannot  be  much ;  true  intelligence  what  it  is  I  have  none. 

It  seemeth  to  me  the  ill  sales  of  cloth  in  India  put 
Mr.  Aldworthe  into  an  extraordinary  desire  by  inquisition  to  seek 
out  a  better  place  in  regard  of  their  cloths  yet  remaining  on  their 
hands,  as  for  such  as  he  feared  were  to  come  by  the  next  ship- 
ping, and  the  next  after  that,  before  advice  can  be  sent  home  to 
forbear.  By  his  industry  he  learned  of  a  port  some  40  leagues 
without  Ormus  called  Jasques.  Moreover  there  came  one  Richard 
Steel,  born  in  Bristoll,  who  had  lived  some  time  in  Turkey  and 
afterwards  spent  some  time  in  Persia,  who  by  an  occasion  of 
business  with  John  Midnall  in  the  behalf  of  Mr.  Morris  Abbott, 
Mr.  Robert  Offley  and  Mr.  Leat  and  others  of  the  Committees 


i7o  EAST   IX  PI  A    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

was  also  drawn  unto  bene  he  caused  tti'   i^oods  of  the  said 

Midnall  to  be  ;  ring  aid  of  Mr.  Thomas  Aldworthe 

from  Surr.it,  who  Bent  Th  '.  Keridge  I  i  A  t  i  about  the 
himself  forced  to  fly  to  avoid  the  i  of  Midnall  and  his 

conft  ■■:■  for  his  destruction,  whereof  it  seemeth  Richard  Si    1 

had  b  t  i  ite  by  wounds  i  Surrati 

when.-  being  arrived  he  confirmed  Mr.  Aldworthe's  former  intelli- 
gence «  .hi,  erning  the  ns  lish  cloths  in  Persia  by  reason  of 
the  cold  there  in  the  winter  time,  as  also  making  a  hopeful  n 
of  silk  at  turned  from  thence;  th  il  of 
which  grew  to  such  strength  in  Mr.  Aldworth  ,  I  ther  with  the 
and  disa  riour  of  th<  I  Sted  that  he 
invited  him  1)\-  p  i  an.l  kind  usage  to  stay  with  him  until 
the  coming  of  th  I  without  giving  him  some  hope 
of  tit  employment. 

Amongst  oui  coherences  concerning 

th.it  business,  and  though  tl.  th  great  in  perform- 

ance of  the  same,  yet  I  wish  not  to  let  slip  the  l<  a  t  h<  ipe  tending 
to  the  future  good  <>f  my  employers  and  country.  We  once 
thought  of  sending  Richard  Steel  and  Mr.  Munday  with  him,  by 
land,  to  search  and  sound  the  place  of  Jasques,  how  fit  it  may  be 
in  safety  to  contain  ships;  but  upon  better  advisement 
altered  that  determination,  in  regard  it  is  not  pas  land  by 

i       on   of  great    numbers   of  outlaws   and  discontented 
which    permit    none    in    safety    to   pass,    and    a!  that  this 

business  could  not  be  effected  without  license  from  the  P 
Emperor,  which  would  ask  long  time  and  great  charge  to  per- 
form. Since  when,  by  great  means  made,  I  have  attained  to  the 
conference  with  a  Guzerat  pilot  who  informs  me  that  Jasques  is 
neither  bay  nor  indraft,  but  a  town  standing  upon  the  Persian 
shore  some  30  leagues  without  Ormus  and  is  a  straight  coast 
whore  a  ship  may  ride  in  8  fathom  within  saker-shot  of  the  shore, 
or  nearer  if  they  will  to  6  fathom,  where  he  saith  is  good  riding 
for  the  most  part  from  September  to  the  end  of  February  with 
reasonable  weather  and  wind  at  north,  which  bloweth  trade  along 
the  coast.  Upon  which  information  I  esteemed  it  needless  to 
spend  long  time  and  waste  of  charge  by  sending  a  seaman  to 
sound  the  place,  where  I  perceive  is  no  danger  or  difficulty,  and 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  171 

a  discreet  mariner  will  not  miss  much  of  the  length  of  the  place. 
If  he  cannot  formerly  get  a  pilot  he  must  help  himself  by  a 
linguist  by  the  Arab  or  Persian  tongue.  So  that  now  we  purpose 
to  send  Mr.  Steel  and  another  merchant  by  land  into  Persia,  with 
a  letter  to  Sir  Robert  Sherley,  entreating  his  help  to  move  the 
king  for  his  allowance  and  license  for  our  peaceable  and  quiet 
trading  within  his  dominions,  which  Mr.  Richard  Steel  thinketh 
it  will  please  him  well  to  grant ;  which  being  obtained,  by  all  fit 
endeavours  to  inform  themselves  like  merchants  in  every  respect 
of  the  state  of  the  business.  Then  from  thence  Mr.  Steel  to 
hasten  for  England,  there  to  acquaint  the  governor  and  assistants 
of  the  Indian  Company  what  is  herein  done ;  and  if  God  give 
him  health,  I  make  no  doubt  that  he  will  give  you  good  account  of 
his  proceedings ;  and  the  merchant  to  return  to  Surat,  there  to 
make  known  the  like.  For  Sinde,  to  travel  by  land,  by  reason  of 
discontented  people  as  aforesaid,  we  are  wholly  discouraged  ;  but 
I  make  no  doubt  but  that  you  are  well  informed  of  that  place  by 
Captain  Newport.  For  the  country  near  Sinde,  we  cannot  under- 
stand of  any  hope  for  us  there,  but  only  by  that  fair  river,  whereby 
we  may  transport  our  goods  to  and  from  that  goodly  city  and 
country  near  Lahor.  I  wish  by  any  means  we  may  find  it  fit  for 
our  use,  for  while  Mocrob  Chan  hath  authority  at  Surat  we 
shall  be  ever  crossed ;  besides  the  carriage  to  and  from  thence 
into  the  country  is  chargeable,  and  customs  at  divers  places, 
which  I  doubt  by  his  means  will  not  be  abated,  which,  if  we  can 
with  our  ships  come  to  Sinde,  the  river  will  be  our  good  friend 
for  transportation. 

Besides  Mocrob  Chan  hath  sent  to  Messalapatan  for  the 
Hollanders  to  come  hither,  promising  them  Damon  when  it  is 
taken  from  the  Portugals,  but  is  like  they  will  be  here  ere  long, 
for  they  had  a  factory  here  before  we  knew  the  place,  and  they 
have  still  a  stock  remaining  here  in  the  Shabunder's  hands,  ever 
since  all  their  factors  here  died.  You  sent  now  divers  cloths 
which  you  have  been  warned  of  and  it  is  in  vain  to  show  them 
here,  nor  anywhere  else  in  these  parts  for  ought  I  know,  which 
are  all  your  musk  colours  and  sand  colours  and  all  other 
inclining  to  sadness.  The  most  in  request  are  in  disgrace  by 
reason  of  the  deceitful  colours.     We  are  so  long  delayed  here, 


i72  EAST  INDIA    COM  PASTS  RECORDS 

and   for   fear   of  the    1"       lis,    I    dan-   not    leave    the    ship   that 

should  be  sent  home  alone,  which  I  doubt  will  brin 

iiul  she  will  be  bo  long  blading  th.it  I  doubt  her  filling 
on  oar  coast  in  an  unseasonable  rime.  In  this  fleet  we  brought 
neither  weights  n<>r  scales  to  weigh  half  .1  ban  :  ight.     1 

know  not  what  shirt  to  make  here  nor  in  any  other  place  ti' 
come  to  Bantam.   All  oat  will  not  one  of  them 

1  i  m  f« >r  that  I  can  main  bat  a  weak  accoant  <>f 

our  ha  iness  thai   w 

beginning ;  therefl  are  most  refer  y< m  t< i  the  report  of  Mr.  Edwards 
from  fter  his  speech  with  the  king,  being  at  present  bound 

thither.    Tl  wishing  ;i  happy  success  to  this  and  ;ill  other 

your    adventures,    I    remember    my  humble    service    I 
Worship,  Mr.  Deputy  and  all  the  Committees.     I   i 
\\    :  I  ip'    firmly  affectiona] 

Nil  h.  D<  wnton. 

Aboard  the  New  Year's  ("iift  in  the  Road 
of  Swally,  the  joth  of  Novi  mber  [614. 

If  it    please  God  to  send   Richai  well  home,  and  that 

he  give  you  a  pood  account  of  his  employment,  as  I  make  no 
douht  but  he  will,  then  I  d^irc  your  Worships  to  use  him 
kindly. 


-<v;*  :-."..• 


182 

HE   report  of  Brinzec,  Nahuda  of  a  junk  from  Larree 

describing  the   Province    of  "  Zinde,"  subject  to  the 

Mogul ;    the  value    of   English  commodities   at    that 

market ;  and  of  exports  thence  fit  for  England  ;  with 

the  coins  in  circulation    at    Negrotat    (Tatta),  the    capital,  and 

Bunder  Larree  (Lahori  Bandar)  the  Port. 

[Nov.  20,  1614.] 

[Now  missing.     The  particulars  given  arc  taken  fron  the 
1 83 1  catalogue. ~] 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  173 

183 

ARTICULARS  desired  by  Mocrob  Chan  to  be  pro- 
vided in  England  and  sent  by  the  next  ships  for 
Surat,  for  the  Great  Mogore,  1614. 

The  copy  of  a  note  given  in  by  Mocrob  Chan  of 
such  things  as  he  desireth  to  be  furnished  of  by  the  next  ships 
that  come  out  of  England. 

a.  Two  complete  armours  wrought,  but  light,  and   easy  to 

wear. 

b.  Crooked  swords,  broad ;   hard  to  be  gotten,  for  they  try 

them  with  their  knee  and,  if  they  stand,  in  no  request. 

c.  Knives  of  the  best,  large,  long  and    thin  to  bow   almost 

round  and  come  straight  again  of  themselves. 

d.  Satin  of  red,  yellow,  green,  tawny. 

e.  Velvet  of  the  best,  of  red,  yellow,  black,  green. 
/.  All  manner  of  toys  that  may  content  the  king. 

g.  Broadcloth  of  the  finest  that  will  not  stain,  of  yellow,  red 

and  green. 
h.  All  manner  of  toys  for  women. 
i.  Pictures  in  cloth,  not  in  wood. 
k.  Perfumed  leather. 
I.  Cloth  of  Arras,  wrought  with  pictures. 
m.  The  greatest  looking-glasses  that  may  be  got. 

( Any  figures  of  beasts,  birds  or  other  similes  made  of 
n'    \      glass,  of  hard   plaster,  of  silver,  brass,  wood,   iron, 

I      stone,  or  ivory. 
p.  Perfumed  sweet-bags,  embroidered  with  gold. 
q.  Rich  cabinets  with  a  glass,  embroidered. 
y.  Rich  shag  of  red  colour. 
s.  Mastiffs,   greyhounds,   spaniels   and   little   dogs,   three    of 

each. 
t.  Large  Muscovia  hides. 
V.  Vellum  and  parchment  good  store. 

[Notes.] 
d    Satin  some  small  quantity,  for  I  think  they  will  give  little 
more  than  it  cost  in  England  ;  of  that  least  gummed. 


174  \ST   INDIA    COMTAMY'S  RECORDS 

e.  Velvet  we  brought  by  Sir  Henry  Middleton  mad.-  but  little 

fit  and  is  DO  man's   money  but   the   1 

the  I 
/.  Things  will  ask  s^nic  labour  to  find. 
.  I  i    idcloths.     His  m  ry  fine  cloths  ai 

colours  ;  and  the  red  he  DO  t. 

j.  Pictures  on  cloth  I  London,  not  ti  the 

I  ■    Dch,  whi.  h  warp,  rend,  and  break. 

/.  Cloth  of   '  «tly ;    t  I    think 

make  shew  alty  in  th<-  getting  thereof,  nnL 

little,  but  tapestry  instead  then 
v..  Figun    ■  t  •!.  m  stone  or  pi    I  i  I  have 

me  from  Frainckford  (Frankfort).     I  think  at 
had. 

S.    DogS  hard  tO  b< 

/.  They  thought  much  to  give  the  price  they  cost  in  England. 
v.  Parchment  you  may  fit  them  with  store,  for  I  think  it  be 
but  to  write  books  on. 

:.  Downton. 


*m^* 


184 

Captain  Nich.  Downton  to  Sir  Tho.  Smith. 
Surat,  November  20th,  1614. 

IONOURABLE  Sir,  if  it  be  conceived  that  covetous- 
ness  drew  me  again  into  this  troublesome,  pining  and 
weary  business,  I  answer  no,  but  the  conceit  I  had  of 
your  love,  with  the  love  of  divers  others  which  I 
esteemed  by  your  means,  drew  me  (though  my  body  unrecovered) 
with  greedy  desire  to  frame  my  mind  to  your  wills,  neglecting  my 
own  ends,  applying  myself  wholly  to  yours,  rather  wishing  you 
should  find  my  zeal  to  you  by  proof  than  by  bragging  promises  ; 
which  affection  might  be  perceived  in  that  (notwithstanding 
your  small  gratuity  in  regard  of  my  expense  the  former  voyage, 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  175 

imputing  it  to  none  of  the  worthiest,  but  most  inconsiderate  sort) 
I  did  of  purpose,  to  show  how  much  I  was  yours,  commit  my 
monthly  salary  to  be  set  down  at  your  own  pleasure,  at  such  a 
rate  for  which,  but  to  show  my  love  and  to  hold  my  word,  I 
would  not  then  have  been  so  hired,  nothing  doubting  that  my 
tractable  and  easy  yielding  would  have  incurred  your  more  base 
conceit  of  me,  who  without  offence  to  my  friends  dare  say  that  in 
commonwealth  business  my  deserts  have  not  been  inferior  to  any 
man's  which  in  this  kind  you  have  formerly  employed ;  neither 
doubted  I  that  the  king's  commission  should  have  been  otherwise 
than  Sir  Henry  Middleton's  was,  for  while  I  live  I  would  not 
therein  have  been  partner  with  any,  which  being  so  unfitly  yoked 
hath  brought  me  much  disturbance.  I  have  a  place  in  show,  but 
by  your  commission  I  have  not  power  to  determine  of  any 
material  thing  but  by  the  counsel  of  such  as  may  partake  or  band 
against  me ;  which  if  it  were  well  for  you,  there  would  be  less  dis- 
like in  me.  I  do  not  move  this  in  hope  of  remedy  from  you,  but 
as  a  caveat  for  the  future  good  of  your  business  and  quiet  of  such 
as  you  may  hereafter  in  principal  place  employ.  The  sharing  of 
the  authority  of  a  commander  among  divers  doth  much  increase 
pride,  cause  divisions,  and  greatly  hinder  the  common  business. 
Many  are  ready  to  tax  a  commander  with  weakness,  when  it  is 
their  own  deeds  at  home  in  clipping  the  wings  of  his  authority,  in 
raising  great  spirits  and  green  heads  to  partake  in  government. 
If  my  haste  and  often  provoked  occasions  were  not  qualified  by  a 
conscionable  care  of  the  common  good,  I  could  quickly  fall  into 
rigorous  courses,  thereby  to  stay  the  insulting  carriage  of  the 
proudest ;  but  then  I  must  expect  to  follow  the  breakneck  of  fit 
government  in  the  generality,  for  these  unsteady-minded  and 
giddy-headed  people,  if  they  once  perceive  divisions  amongst  the 
principals,  whereby  authority  is  weakened,  will  soon  run  into 
sides  or  factions  as  their  humours  lead  them ;  or  else,  if  trusting 
to  their  own  strength,  will  not  care  for  either.  I  have  not  failed 
by  all  upright  means  possible  in  hope  to  stop  the  mouths  of  all  ill- 
willers  to  this  journey,  and  to  remove  the  scandal  laid  upon 
former  voyages,  so  carried  the  business  that  I  make  least  doubt  of 
the  love  of  the  common  people,  yet  so  little  trust  thereto  that  I 
have  always  thought  most  discretion  by  patience  to  pass  over  the 


176  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

things  which  often   grieved  me.     Though   I  expect  thi- 
will  fully  wear  me  out,  yet  my  loi  irernmenl  i-  such,  and  to 

foreign  journeys  which  most  need«  th  the  same,  whereby  I  wish  to 
deliver  my  poor  opinion,  referring  the  determination  to  your 
better  understandings  and  judgments;  which  is  that  in  these 
journeys  you  let  the  government  rest  principally  upon  one  man, 
whose  discretion  and  honesty  you  have  assurance  "f.  by  which  he 
may  do  most  right  to  you,  right  to  himself  and  to  all  well- 
deserving  men  who  by  their  honest  behaviour  and  discreet 
carriage  deserve  th.-  same,  by  which  mean-;  they  will  he  drawn  to 
your  best  service,  being  tractable  to  the  content  of  their  com- 
minder,  which  will  also  restrain  pride,  stop  combining  into 
factions  and  other  careless  negligences,  whereof  all  are  not  I 
and  make  them  strive  by  industry  and  diligence  to  deserve  well, 
and  to  In-  let  know  that  their  employment  shall   he  accordifl 

their  desert,  by  the  judgment  of  their  commander,  though  in 
private  you  may  ordain  otherwise;  for  when  they  bring  all  their 

grace  from  home  and  know  how  they  are  appointed  in  the  com- 
mission, knowing  that  it  shall  not  he  altered,  grow  negligent  and 
careless  of  any  command.  It  will  be  good  that  such  factors  as 
you  employ  that  divers  of  them  may  write  well,  which  good 
property  is  wanting  among  most  of  them  you  now  employed  ;  and 
as  your  factors  have  been  fed  at  full  cannot  endure  so  straight  a 
diet  as  the  poor  seamen  must,  and  also  if  they  should  have  more 
allowance  out  of  the  hold  than  the  rest  it  will  cause  much  grief 
and  dislike  in  the  common  people,  who  are  kept  in  best  order 
seeing  provisions  justly  divided,  wherefore  it  may  please  you  to 
give  your  factors  some  allowance  for  private  provisions.  Henry 
Smith  and  Roger  Prowd  have  continued  all  this  voyage  in  health 
and  are  now  bound  up  to  Agra  with  Mr.  Edwards  ;  so  also  is 
Mr.  Rogers.  I  would  have  had  them  stay  at  Suratt  with  Mr. 
Dodsworth  till  their  bodies  were  seasoned  with  the  air  and  with 
the  feeding  of  the  country,  but  they  desired  it  and  Mr.  Edwards 
threatened  to  have  them  thither  when  I  was  gone,  which  then  I 
thought  better  they  should  go  now  than  at  any  other  time  in  less 
company,  when  less  care  might  be  had  on  them,  and  Will. 
Nelson  goeth  up  therefore  to  attend  on  them.  We  have  been 
long  pestered  here  with  delays  and  unkind  crosses  bv   Mocrob 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY S  RECORDS  177 

Chan,  but  I  hope  that  Mr.  Edwards  will  so  behave  himself  with 
the  king  by  presents  that  for  future  times  he  may  alter  it ;  but  for 
the  present  I  pray  God  send  us  a  good  despatch.  I  fear  it  will 
be  long  ere  we  shall  have  means  to  despatch  a  ship  homeward, 
and  so  she  will  fall  on  our  coast  in  an  unseasonable  time.  We 
find  not  above  3,000/.  stock  remaining  of  the  Tenth  Voyage  and 
much  of  that  is  about  Agra,  so  that  thereby  we  know  not  the 
certainty  thereof.  Presents  here  will  go  deep  and  charges  in 
transportation  will  be  great.  In  many  particulars  Mr.  Edwards 
may  better  inform  you  from  Agra  than  I  can  here,  since  we  have 
scarce  yet  made  a  beginning  to  our  business.  So  with  my  most 
respective  and  good  wishes  and  my  earnest  prayers  directed  to 
heaven  for  the  continuance  of  your  health  and  safety,  I  rest 

Yours  in  all  humility, 

[Nich.  Downton] . 


185 

A  copy  of  181,  with  the  exception  of  the  postscript,  which  is  as 

follows : 

|.S. — If  it  please  God  this  Persian  business  fall  out  to 
your  content,  and  that  you  think  fit  to  adventure 
thither,  I  think  it  not  amiss  to  set  you  down  as  the 
pilots  have  informed  me  of  Jasques,  which  is  a  town 
standing  near  the  edge  of  a  straight  sea  coast,  where  a  ship  may 
ride  in  8  fathoms  water,  saker-shot  from  the  shore,  and  in 
6  fathoms  you  may  be  near.  Jasques  is  six  gemes  from  Ormus 
southwards ;  every  geme  is  60  cosses,  makes  30  leagues. 
Jasques  is  no  high  land,  yet  there  are  some  mountains  near  the 
port.  Jasques  lieth  from  Muschet  (Muskat)  east.  From  Jasques 
to  Sinda  is  200  cosses  or  100  leagues.  At  Jasques  commonly 
they  have  north  winds,  which  bloweth  trade  out  of  the  Persian 
Gulf.  Mischet  is  on  the  Arabian  coast,  and  is  a  little  port 
of  Portugals. 

Y  1268.  N 


I78  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

186 

Thomas  Keridge  to  Captain  Downton. 

Received  by  the  Hope. 

Agmier,  November  22nd,  1614. 

IORSHIPFUL  Sir,  by  Mr.  Aldworthe's  of  the  22nd  of 
October  I  had  intelligence  of  the  arrival  of  your  ships 
at  the  bar  of  Suratte  in  safely,  which  as  it  is  the  joy- 
fullest  tidings  we  here  resident  could  hope  for,  so  it 
bringeth  the  greater  comfort  in  that  the  time  of  our  expectation 
was  now  fully  expired ;  blessed  be  God  for  so  high  a  favour. 
Mr.  Aldworthe  advised  me  of  our  king's  letter  and  present,  sent 
by  Mr.  Edwards,  the  appointed  lieger,  for  the  Great  Mogul,  and 
of  his  purposes  in  not  showing  the  same  until  it  came  unto  the 
king's  hands,  whereof  he  willed  me  to  certify  the  king,  as  also  to 
procure  his  letter  to  Mocrob  Chan  for  the  kind  usage  of  our 
people,  and  to  permit  them  free  trade,  which  he  seemed  to  doubt 
of  by  Mocrob  Chan's  imprisoning  of  some  people  that  came 
aboard  the  ships,  wherewith,  the  latter  excepted,  I  acquainted 
Asaph  Chan,  the  king's  brother-in-law,  requiring  his  furtherance 
in  my  suit  to  the  king,  who  answered  he  held  it  not  fitting  I 
should  speak  of  free  trade,  for  that  Mocrob  Chan  had  order  to 
buy  goods  for  the  king,  and  that  our  business  were  altogether 
referred  to  him,  wherefore  he  could  not  urge  it ;  but  I  alleging 
reasons  to  move  him  thereunto  he  promised  to  do  it,  and  the  same 
day  by  him  I  erzed  unto  the  king,  who  granted  his  letter  ;  which 
procuring  to  be  effected,  and  searching  for  the  contents  thereof, 
I  understood  there  was  a  letter  written  for  the  sending  up  of  the 
lieger  with  the  present  unseen,  but  nothing  concerning  our  trade  ; 
whereupon  I  repaired  again  to  Asaph  Chan,  desiring  the  letter 
might  be  written  as  I  required,  who  expostulated  the  business 
with  me  and  told  me  we  should  make  Mocrob  Chan  our  enemy 
thereby  ;  which  when  I  cleared,  he  in  conclusion  said  the  king 
had  thus  ordained,  and  that  until  Mocrob  Chan's  crzedach  or  letter 
came  to  that  purpose  it  would  not  be  granted,  for  that  yet  he 
had  not  written  to  the  king  concerning  us ;  whereupon  I  ac- 
quainted Coge  Abullosan   herewith,   a   man  of  as   great   place, 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  179 

though  not  so  highly  in  favour,  by  whom  I  erzed  unto  the  king 
again,  who  answered  Asaph  Chan  had  already  order,  and  de- 
manded him  for  the  letter,  which  he  had  ready  in  his  hands  and 
delivered  it  unto  me,  and  though  I  replied  in  the  king's  hearing 
that  the  principal  of  our  request  was  omitted,  yet  they  urged  the 
ceremonies  accustomed  and  dismissed  me,  which  letter  herewith 
you  shall  receive.  Concerning  Mocrob  Chan,  you  shall  perceive 
that  he  and  all  seaport  governors  whatsoever  have  express  order 
given  them  to  buy  the  chiefest  of  all  the  commodities  for  the 
king,  but  more  especially  for  jewels  and  all  sorts  of  strange 
things,  wherewith  he  is  extraordinary  delighted,  which  will  cause 
Mocrob  Chan  to  prohibit  all  men  dealing  with  you  until  his  turn 
be  served  and  he  hath  had  sight  and  knowledge  of  all  things  ; 
and  after,  I  think,  he  will  not  so  much  disparage  himself  as  to 
urge  you  to  an  inconvenient  sale.  I  doubt  not  but  Mr.  Ald- 
worthe  hath  fully  acquainted  you  with  the  estate  of  our  business 
here,  which  hitherto  hath  been  fickle  and  uncertain.  Mr.  Can- 
ning at  his  coming  to  the  court  was  referred  to  Mocrob  Chan  to 
determine  of  and  to  answer  all  things  concerning  us  and  our 
trade,  and  at  my  coming  hither  I  was  referred  also  unto  him 
and  always  with  promises  delayed  (nothing  at  all  effected)  ; 
neither  could  answer  to  our  king's  letter  be  obtained,  though 
I  got  it  translated  into  the  Persian  and  delivered  it  unto  the  king. 
The  reasons  in  their  councils  was  they  could  not  hold  friend- 
ship with  the  Portugal  and  permit  us  trade,  though  themselves 
willing  thereunto.  Yet  the  merchants  of  Surat  wrote  earnestly 
to  the  nobility  in  the  behalf  of  the  English,  and  being  Mocrob 
Chan  is  best  acquainted  with  the  affairs  of  those  parts,  it  was 
referred  unto  him,  being  then  appointed  for  Surat,  at  his  coming 
thither  to  determine  of  those  things.  But  in  the  interim  the 
Portugal  took  their  ships,  as  you  have  heard,  whereupon  the 
king  gave  forth  firmans  denying  them  trade  in  his  dominions, 
debarring  them  provisions  etc ;  and  withal  delivered  another 
firman  authorizing  Mocrob  Chan  to  give  place  to  the  English  to 
fortify  in,  always  provided  it  might  redound  to  the  profit  of  the 
king,  which  I  presume  was  rather  given  in  policy  to  bring  the 
Portugal  to  a  better  conclusion  in  the  restoration  of  their  goods 
than  in  favour  unto  us  as  they  pretend,  whereof  you  will  now 

N  2 


180  EAST   l.VDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

have  trial.  The  articles  of  General  Tho.  Best  concluded  at  his 
being  there  were  firmed  by  the  Governors  of  Amadavar  and 
Suratte,  and  since  both  of  them  are  deceased ;  besides  the  sup- 
posed governor  of  Amadavar  was  only  a  deputy  and  not  so  great 
in  respect  with  the  king  as  we  accounted.  Wherefore  hither- 
unto  none  here  will  take  notice ;  and  whatsoever  you  intend  to 
require  of  the  king  demand  it  first  there  of  Mocrob  Chan,  for 
matters  of  consequence  will  not  be  obtained  without  his  advice, 
and  far  more  facile  to  obtain  anything  now  while  your  ships  are 
there  than  hereafter  when  they  are  gone.  I  rejoice  that  the 
worshipful  Company  have  so  well  provided  themselves  with  fit 
men  to  reside  in  these  parts,  but  more  especially  in  the  suffi- 
ciency of  the  lieger,  which  for  this  place  is  most  requisite,  having 
to  deal  with  a  people  subtle  and  deceitful,  full  of  delays  in  all 
businesses  except  to  serve  their  own  turn,  and  no  truth  in  them, 
and  the  king  ruled  by  those  men  near  him,  too  much  delighted 
with  toys,  wherewith  the  lieger  must  come  so  well  provided  that 
once  in  eight  days,  or  at  least  when  he  hath  occasion  to  proffer 
speech,  he  hath  something  or  other  to  present.  Any  toy  that  is 
not  of  his  country,  though  not  worth  two  shillings,  sometime  is 
sufficient,  which  may  move  the  king  not  only  to  favour  our  busi- 
ness and  to  grace  him,  but  in  short  time  to  give  some  pension  or 
allowance  towards  his  maintenance,  for  the  better  obtaining 
whereof  fit  presents  must  be  for  the  nobility  brought  which  are 
chief  in  grace.  Cloth  and  such  things  as  are  to  be  bought  for 
money  they  esteem  not ;  good  sword  blades  of  the  country  fashion, 
rich  knives,  cases  of  bottles  with  hot  waters,  they  (as  the  king) 
affecting  toys ;  our  pieces,  being  long  and  heavy,  they  esteem 
not.  And  for  that  the  king's  esteem  of  him  may  be  the  more 
(whereby  our  business  will  be  the  better  effected),  respect  must 
be  given  him  there  below,  attended  on  by  those  fit  and  such  as 
know  duty,  whereof  the  king  will  have  intelligence.  Our  English 
cloth  is  at  present  scarce  and  in  good  request,  viz.  stammels, 
Venice  reds,  popinjay  greens,  and  such  like  light  colours,  good 
quantity  will  vend  speedily,  so  that  the  lieger  need  not  fear  the 
present  sale  of  two  or  three  hundred  cloths,  and  some  Devon- 
shire kerseys  also,  which  here  they  begin  to  wear  in  garments. 
Sir  Robert  Sherley  sold  some  two  or  three  hundred  covadas  of 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  181 

broadcloth  at  14  and  15  rupees  per  covada,  which  cost  in  Eng- 
land 12, 13, 14  and  15s.  per  yard,  but  most  of  them  were  stametts, 
which  are  best  liked.  Quicksilver  is  worth  280  rupees  the 
great  maund,  the  seer  being  30  pisas  in  weight ;  vermilion  at 
290  rupees ;  at  present  no  great  quantity  here,  but  oftentimes  it  is 
brought  from  Bengala,  and  then  to  be  had  reasonable  ;  so  that  I 
think,  the  danger  of  the  bringing  of  the  quicksilver  considered,  it 
will  be  better  sold  there  or  at  Amadavar.  Elephants'  teeth  are 
of  different  prices,  according  to  their  goodness ;  the  small  round 
teeth  which  are  white  and  sound  are  worth  100  rupees  per 
maund,  and  those  best  esteemed,  the  hollow  of  them  being  little 
worth.  Lead  is  worth  6£  rupees  per  maund,  but  that  too  heavy 
so  far  to  be  carried.  If  the  lieger  so  advise,  I  will  procure  the 
king's  letter  for  his  safe  conducting  hitherwards,  for  that  the  way 
is  dangerous  for  Christians  ;  yet  from  Amadavar  there  cometh 
monthly  caphilas.  Concerning  Midnall's  goods  which  I  got  de- 
posited, upon  Mocrob  Chan's  letters  received  from  Mr.  Aldworthe, 
I  sued  unto  the  king  for  it,  the  delivery  whereof  he  granted,  but 
yet  I  have  not  received  it,  for  I  must  have  his  second  confirma- 
tion of  the  said  grant,  and  being  the  goods  of  a  deceased  it  is  a 
difficult  business,  for  that  all  dead  men's  goods  are  disposed  to 
the  king's  use  as  his,  and  had  not  Mocrob  Chan  written  we 
should  not  have  had  it,  notwithstanding  the  article  for  that  pur- 
pose, though  it  had  been  the  goods  of  one  of  our  own  people,  (as 
by  experience  of  Mr.  Canning) ;  and  restoring  they  deliver  not 
the  goods  but  monies  for  it,  rated  as  themselves  please,  for  future 
preventing  whereof  you  must  now  provide,  lest  haply  the  least 
occasion,  which  is  incident  to  any  of  us,  may  be  detrimental  to 
the  worshipful  Company  in  matters  of  greater  consequence.  For 
indigo  to  be  sent  down  I  have  advised  Signor  Nicholas  Withing- 
ton  by  two  or  three  several  conveyances  on  purpose,  and  doubt 
not,  if  your  bills  of  exchange  came  safely,  the  quantity  written 
for,  or  the  greatest  part  thereof,  will  be  with  you  by  the  time 
prescribed  by  Mr.  Aldworthe,  together  with  that  formerly  bought. 
Mr.  Aldworthe  adviseth  me  our  letters  sent  home  unto  the  wor- 
shipful Company  by  the  General's  direction  were  detained  from 
them,  and  that  in  his  letter  he  wrote  disgracefully  of  all  of  us. 
At  the  first  I  much  marvel,  considering  the  General's  profession 


1 82  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  XECORDS 

and  cannot  conceive  how  so  evil  an  action  should  be  contrived. 
For  the  latter  there  happened  a  controversy  betwixt  him  and  the 
agent,  occasioned  at  the  first  by  their  differences  in  opinion  con- 
cerning the  settling  of  our  factory;  whereon  it  seems  the  General 
aimed  at  his  displacing,  which  if  he  had  done,  the  Company's 
loss  had  been  the  greatest,  he  being  a  man  of  so  well  known 
government  and  now  experimented  in  these  parts,  both  which  in 
my  opinion  maketh  him  fitter  for  that  place  than  any  that  could 
be  left  here.  For  my  part  I  have  received  favour  of  the  General, 
and  will  acknowledge  his  love,  yet  for  that  I  may  not  be  partial 
to  the  prejudice  of  our  employers.  Thus  I  have  enlarged  of  those 
things  at  present  needful,  and  have  showed  you  the  particular 
passages  in  procuring  of  the  king's  letter,  that  thereby  you  may 
perceive  the  managing  of  our  affairs  here,  and  their  shifting  of 
business  when  they  like  them  not.  And  thus  as  unknown,  wish- 
ing all  prosperous  success  to  your  affairs,  I  commend  my  duty  to 
the  General  and  to  Mr.  Edwards  and  with  remembrance  of  my 
love  unto  the  whole  company,  I  rest 

Your  Worship's  to  be  commanded, 

Tho.  Keridge. 


187 

OLLECTIONS  from  all  the  letters  received  from 
Surratt  and  Bantam  by  the  Hope,  who  arrived  in 
Ireland  November  5th  and  came  to  anchor  in  the 
Thames  [November  24th,]  1615.1 


Captain  Downton's  letter,  being  a  copy  of  one  sent  by 
Richard  Steel  by  the  way  of  Persia,  dated  22nd  November,  1614. 

[See  No.  185.] 

1  These  abstracts  are  printed  only  in  the  cases  in  which  the  originals  are  no  longer 
extant.     In  other  cases  a  reference  to  the  original  has  been  deemed  sufficient. 


EAS7  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  183 

2 

A  letter  from  John  Young,  25th  February,  1614. 

He  going  out  for  Mr.  Aldworthe's  boy  had  no  salary  allowed 
unto  him ;  now  doth  entreat  the  Company  to  allot  him  salary 
amongst  the  rest  of  their  factors.  Captain  Downton  doth  com- 
mend him  and  soliciteth  for  him. 

3 

A  note  of  divers  particulars  desired  by  Mocrob  Chan  to  be 
provided  in  England  for  the  Mogore. 

[See  No.  183.] 

4 
Edward  Holmeden,  dated  the  7th  of  March,  1614,  in  Surratt. 
He   was   employed   in  Cambaya  in  buying   quilts   and   con- 
serves.    He  humbly  desireth  Sir  Thomas  Smith  to  be  good  to 
him  in  procuring  him  increase  of  allowance  of  his  salary,  as  he 
shall  be  found  to  deserve. 

5 

Thomas  Keridge  from  Agimere,  20th  September,  1614. 
[See  No.  165.] 

6 

Wm.  Edwards'  private  letter  to  Sir  Thomas  Smith, 

[26th  December,  1614  and  14th  March,  1614.] 

[See  No.  219.] 

7 
Richard  Baker's  letter  in  Saldania,  20th  June,  1615. 

All  the  masters  erred  in  their  course,  bringing  all  the  fleet 
in  great  hazard  upon  the  main  shore  of  Barbarie  at  Cape 
Boyador.  His  direction  for  the  best  course  from  England  to 
the  Cape  Bone  Spei.  The  mariners  will  not  be  brought  to 
confer  their  observations  together  notwithstanding  your  com- 
mission ;  therefore  fit  to   be   enjoined   unto   it  upon    a   penalty. 


184  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

They  attained  Saldania  in  gi  days,  notwithstanding  they  had 
23  days  contrary  winds.  Mr.  Woodall's  great  abuses  in  the 
chirurgeon's  chest,  putting  divers  boxes  of  one  simple,  whereas 
he  writeth  in  their  superscriptions  to  be  diverse  ;  drugs  rotten, 
unguents  made  of  kitchen  stuff.  Boys  that  have  no  skill 
thrust  into  place  of  chirurgeons.  He  is  to  be  accounted  guilty 
of  the  death  of  so  many  men  as  perish  through  his  default. 
The  abuse  of  carpenters  also,  that  place  their  unskilful  boys  in 
place  of  that  weighty  charge.  Barret  hath  put  into  this  fleet 
six  unfit  men  instead  of  sufficient.  Old  salted  beef  not  noted  or 
distinguished  from  the  new,  that  so  it  might  have  been  first 
spent ;  and  some  hogsheads  miscontented.  The  masters  will 
not  yield  unto  any  good  article  concerning  dead  men's  goods, 
which  Captain  Keeling  had  made.  Tho.  Barwick,  master  of  the 
Peppercorn,  was  (for  falling  out  with  Captain  Harris)  put  master 
into  the  Lion.  Wm.  Cradle  dismissed  from  being  a  master. 
Divers  men  changed  out  of  one  place  into  another.  All  your 
pursers  (except  Tho.  Arthington)  were  exempted  from  being  of  the 
council.  They  take  900  and  odd  breams  at  one  draught  at  the 
Cape.  Higgons  and  Starkey  dead  in  the  Dragon  between  Eng- 
land and  the  Cape.  He  adviseth  to  preserve  all  your  old  sails  to 
make  tents  in  Saldania,  &c,  for  the  refreshing  of  your  sick  men, 
for  the  storms  do  spoil  your  new  sails.  Contentions  between 
Captain  Harris  and  Robert  Gipps,  the  cape  merchant  in  the 
same  ship,  striving  who  shall  have  the  charge  and  managing  of 
the  merchandise.  Captain  Keeling  demurreth  upon  the  question 
and  inclineth  to  the  captain's  part  in  this  kind  of  voyages.  It  is 
good  to  distinguish  or  limit  the  offices  and  charges  of  captain  and 
cape  merchant,  for  the  captains  do  arrogate  all  authority  to 
themselves  from  your  merchants.  Nine  condemned  men  landed 
at  Saldania  to  shift  for  themselves,  etc.  Cory  the  Saldanian  is 
returned  to  his  old  bias  of  guts  about  his  neck  ;  he  hath  done  some 
good  and  some  harm  there.  The  Hope  from  Surratt  arrived  at 
Saldania.  The  General,  Captain  Keeling,  maketh  much  of  his 
men.  The  Lord  Ambassador  setteth  up  a  pillar  at  the  Cape  with 
inscription  of  his  embassage. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  185 

8 

Tho.  Keridge  to  Sir  Thomas  Smith,  dated  in  Agimer, 

20th  September,  1614. 

[See  No.  166.] 

9 

Nicholas  Downton  by  the  copy  of  his  letter  written 
to  Mr.  Edwards  from  Swally  to  the  Court  [?  March,  1615.] 

He  reproveth  Wm.  Edwards  very  sharply  of  many  abuses  in 
general  and  particular,  and  wishes  him  to  take  measure  of 
himself  with  reformation ;  wherein  I  gather  that  if  Captain 
Downton  be  truly  humble,  charitable  and  sincere,  then  is  William 
Edwards  very  blamable. 

10 

George  Umngton  in  Saldania  [to  the  East  India  Company] , 
20th  June,  1615. 

Danger  of  our  whole  fleet  upon  the  main  of  Barbary ;  better 
sometimes  to  be  fortunate  than  wise,  for  all  our  wise  men  erred. 
Captain  Harris  and  his  men  would  not  underwrite  the  act  made 
by  Captain  Keeling  concerning  dead  men's  goods.  France 
Johnson  and  Edward  White  died  in  the  way  to  the  Cape.  But 
20  men  sick  in  all  the  fleet  to  Saldania.  Mr.  Cradle,  master  in 
the  Expedition,  displaced  and  made  a  mate  in  the  Dragon,  and 
Tho.  Bonner  made  master  in  his  place.  Discord  between  Cap- 
tain Harris  and  Robt.  Gipps,  cape  merchant  in  the  Peppercorn. 

11 

Captain  Downton  from  Surratt  or  at  sea  [to  the  East  India 

Company] ,  the  7th  March,  1614. 

Many  distastes  offered  by  Mocrob  Chan  at  our  ships'  first 
coming.  By  a  letter  from  Tho.  Keridge  it  appeared  that 
Mocrob  Chan  was  but  the  king's  instrument  to  fulfil  the 
desire  of  the  king,  etc.,  and  that  there  was  no  hope  from  the 
king  but  through  him.  I  therefore  endeavoured  by  all  means 
to  win  him  to  us.     Mocrob    Chan   takes   occasion  to   think   us 


1 86  EAST  INDIA    COMTAXTS  RECORDS 

confederates  with  the  Portugals  because  we  denied  with  our 
ships  to  go  against  Damon,  nor  otherwise  to  promise  him  to 
fight  with  the  Portagals  except  they  gave  us  first  cause,  notwith- 
standing he  offered  us  large  sums  of  moneys  to  fulfil  his  desire. 
The  said  Mocrob  Chan  was  the  more  suspicious  of  us  to  be  con- 
federates with  the  Portugals  because  when  a  fleet  of  60  frigates 
came  within  shot  of  me  I  would  not  shoot  at  them,  I  being  un- 
willing to  break  the  peace.  The  said  Mocrob  Chan,  after  I 
endeavoured  to  give  him  the  best  content  I  could,  did  ever  show 
me  great  kindness.  He  suffered  us  to  carry  our  goods  (which  we 
bought  in  the  country)  aboard  without  bringing  the  same  into 
the  customhouse.  The  Mogul  commanded  Mocrob  Chan  to 
make  no  peace  with  the  Portugals.  If  your  ships  come  yearly 
for  a  little  while  of  sufficient  strength  to  encounter  the  Portugals, 
the  Indians  in  short  time  would  little  care  for  them,  and  the 
Portugals  for  want  of  trade  would  be  discouraged  and  grow  weak, 
for  the  inhabitants  love  them  not.  I  had  by  mine  intelligencer 
advice  of  a  letter  which  Mocrob  Chan  received  of  the  Jesuits, 
declaring  that  the  Viceroy  had  express  commandment  from  the 
king  his  master  first  to  drive  away  the  English  and  then  to 
take  the  town  of  Surratt.  This  letter  I  obtained  of  Mocrob  Chan ; 
the  copy  Englished  I  herewith  send  you.  The  manner  of  the 
Portugals'  coming  with  his  fleet,  their  force,  etc.,  pride,  etc., 
never  speaking  to  us,  nor  showing  the  cause.  Our  consultation, 
accord  and  resolution  to  fight  with  them.  Their  manner  of 
fighting  with  us  and  success.  The  Guzerats  ready  to  embrace  a 
peace  upon  a  parley  with  the  Portugals,  doubting  of  our  success ; 
for  the  force  of  the  Portugals  was  great,  insomuch  that  it  would 
not  have  gone  well  with  us  if  God  had  favoured  their  cause.  I 
never  see  men  fight  with  greater  resolution  than  the  Portugals ; 
therefore  not  to  be  taxed  with  cowardice  as  some  have  done. 
The  gallants  of  the  Portugals'  army  were  in  this  business,  whereof 
divers  killed  and  afterwards  burnt  in  the  ships ;  and  yet  the 
report  cometh  from  Damon  that  the  frigates  carried  thither  to  be 
buried  above  300  Portugals.  For  others  they  took  not  so  much 
pains  or  care,  besides  many  drove  ashore  and  swam  about.  If 
the  Portugals  had  not  fallen  into  an  error  at  the  first  they  might 
have  destroyed  the  Hope,  and  by  likelihood  the  rest  hastening  so 


EAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECORDS  1S7 

to  her  aid.  They  renew  their  strength  again  within  ten  days ;  we 
feared  new  dangers  and  prepared  accordingly.  They  set  upon  us 
by  fireworks.  The  Portugals  with  all  their  power  departed  from 
us  and  went  before  the  bar  of  Surratt.  We  were  afraid  they 
would  set  up  their  rest  against  the  town  ;  but  they  were  wiser. 
Much  quicksilver  lost  for  want  of  good  packing.  The  ships' 
muskets  break  like  glass ;  the  cocks  and  hammers  of  snaphances 
evilly  made.  The  false  making  of  sold  pieces  hath  disgraced 
them.  The  axletrees  of  your  great  ordnance  made  of  brittle  wood. 
The  tracks  must  be  turned  when  the  timber  is  seasoned.  Match 
too  scanty.  Want  of  iron  chains  to  lay  upon  our  cables  to  keep 
them  from  cutting.  Defect  in  our  flesh;  our  oil  most  part  run 
out ;  our  meal  also  spoiled  by  green  casks ;  so  of  our  pease  and 
oatmeal.  No  scales  nor  weights.  Much  of  our  beer  cast  over- 
board, being  put  into  bad  casks. 


12 

William  Biddulph  [to  the  East  India  Company] ,  28th  February, 

1614,  in  Surratt. 

[See  No.  254.] 


13 

Wm.  Edwards  [to  the  East  India  Company].     In  Amadavar, 
the  20th  December,  1614. 

[See  No.  177.] 

Tho.  Mitford  [to  the  East  India  Company] , 
26th  December,  1614. 

[See  No.  217.] 


1 88  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

Edward  Dodsworth  [to  the  East  India  Company]. 

Aboard  the  Hope,  in  Ireland,  in  Gelbege  [Killybegg]  Harbour; 
written  at  his  first  arrival ;  5th  November,  1615. 

At  our  arrival  at  Surratt  we  found  small  store  of  goods 
provided  for  our  ships ;  therefore  we  concluded  to  send  up  into 
divers  places  of  India  to  buy  goods  both  for  England  and 
other  parts  of  the  Indies.  It  was  the  last  of  November 
before  we  could  be  permitted  to  go  forward  by  reason  they  of 
Surratt  feared  that  the  Portugals  would  assault  Surratt.  We 
go  along  to  Amadavar,  having  Mr.  Edwards  in  company  towards 
Agra.  We  came  to  Amadavar  the  15th  December,  being  limited 
by  our  General  to  return  with  our  goods  by  the  last  of  January. 
Some  of  our  factors  sent  to  one  place  and  some  to  another 
to  buy  several  commodities.  We  buy  indigoes  at  Amadavar 
and  Sirques  (Sarkhej).  The  country  people  wanting  money 
were  desirous  to  put  off  their  indigoes  at  reasonable  rates.  De- 
scription of  the  Portugals'  arrival,  forces,  attempts  and  success. 
The  governors  of  the  whole  country  generally  do  not  well  affect 
Christians,  but  for  their  own  peace  and  profit  ready  to  take  part 
with  the  strongest.  The  trade  at  Surrat  like  to  be  commodious, 
for  vending  of  some  cloth,  quicksilver,  lead,  elephants'  teeth,  etc. 
and  goods  to  be  bought  to  relade  two  ships  for  England  yearly. 
Good  trade  there  will  be  also  for  spices,  etc.  from  Bantam,  where- 
with he  adviseth  that  one  ship  be  yearly  laden,  and  from  Bantam 
to  go  at  such  season  as  she  may  meet  with  our  fleet  going  from 
hence  towards  Surratt  (at  such  a  convenient  place  as  may  be 
appointed),  which  will  be  a  good  strengthening  each  to  other  ; 
and  of  such  India  commodities  so  laden  at  Bantam  to  make  sale 
at  Surratt  as  that  place  will  profitably  carry ;  and  for  the  rest  of 
the  spices  in  the  same  ship  to  be  shipped  for  England  among  the 
indigoes  which  shall  be  laden  at  Surratt,  being  very  fit  stowage, 
and  the  rather  because  much  room  is  lost  in  stowing  the  indigoes 
alone,  as  in  this  ship  the  Hope  experience  showeth.  The 
Portugals  having  felt  the  sweetness  of  the  trade  at  Surrat  a  long 
time,  being  the  nursery  of  all  their  trade  both  for  buying  and 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  189 

selling,  will  not  easily  be  put  out ;  but,  as  they  have  received 
authority  from  their  king,  I  make  account  will  this  next  year 
following  make  their  strength  to  give  us  a  general  overthrow, 
whereby  utterly  to  discourage  us  and  redeem  their  graces  lost.  I 
think  fit  to  write  you  thus  much  and  not  to  defer  the  relation  hereof 
till  my  coming,  fearing  it  would  be  too  late  for  you  to  provide  a 
sufficient  fleet  this  year,  which  being  omitted,  questionless  Surratt 
will  be  taken  and  we  then  frustrated  of  our  present  hopes,  for  that 
the  Mogore's  timorousness  will  then  bring  him  to  compound.  I 
arrived  at  Saldania  the  17th  June,  where  meeting  happily  with 
Captain  Keeling  I  advised  him  of  all  matters,  and  spared  him 
what  ordnance  I  had  least  use  of,  he  also  supplying  unto  me  what 
we  wanted.  At  Saldania  you  may  have  a  plantation  if  you 
please,  which  will  be  good  comfort  to  such  of  your  shipping  as 
shall  have  recourse  that  way.  I  in  27  degrees  north  latitude  met 
with  a  Holland  ship  which  went  to  Mouris  Island  (Mauritius)  to 
lade  woods,  which  seemeth  to  be  bastard  ebony  ;  but  there  found 
3  Holland  ships  cast  away  and  split  upon  the  rocks,  of  two 
whereof  all  the  men  and  goods  wholly  lost,  but  of  one  the  men 
and  best  part  of  the  goods  saved,  with  which  goods  this  ship  was 
laden.  Sir  Henry  Folliot's  kindness  and  good  offices  performed 
to  us  in  Ireland.  Captain  Mainwaring  came  into  Ireland  with 
two  ships,  having  received  his  pardon.  If  this  ship  the  Hope 
could  come  soon  enough  about,  it  would  be  a  good  strengthening 
to  your  fleet  now  making  ready,  etc.  To  furnish  him  with 
necessaries  according  to  the  master's  letter,  and  with  what  money 
shall  be  thought  fit. 

16 

Captain  Reeling's  letter  [to  the  East  India  Company] 
from  Saldania,  dated  the  19th  June,  1615. 

He  professeth  himself  to  have  a  care  to  observe  all  your 
articles  in  the  commission,  repeating  the  particulars.  To  send 
some  store  of  thick  warm  clothes  (besides  canvas  suits)  to  clothe 
your  poor  sailors  in  cold  weather  and  wadmall  stockings.  He 
wondereth  you  will  employ  Portugals  in  your  ships  and  busi- 
ness,  a  ready   way   to   betray   all.     One   of  them   shipped  was 


igo  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

a  plotter  to  betray  Captain  Newport  in  the  Expedition.  Bad 
men  put  into  our  ships ;  not  above  12  helmsmen  in  the 
Peppercorn.  Batten,  a  master's  mate,  wholly  unfit  for  the 
voyage  and  place :  your  stewards  more  fit  to  be  under  tutors 
and  a  rod  than  in  charge ;  your  factors  very  unfit  etc.  You 
put  too  much  kintlage  into  these  ships.  The  Peppercorn 
more  fit  for  peace  than  for  these  voyages ;  she  cannot  carry  out 
her  ordnance  but  in  very  smooth  water  ;  being  deep  laden  she 
is  a  slug,  but  jocund  ;  she  saileth  well.  They  lost  many  days 
sail  by  the  sluggishness  of  the  Peppercorn  at  the  first ;  and 
the  Expedition  in  the  whole  voyage.  But  25  sick  men  in  all  the 
fleet  to  Saldania.  The  Dragon  is  undersailed  in  all  her  small 
sails  and  her  boltropes  so  small  that  they  often  break  to  the  spoil 
of  her  sails;  her  rudder  also  is  very  defective.  Mr.  Burrell  much 
blamed.  Your  lemon  water  in  that  fleet  stark  naught.  Sweet 
oil  run  out  by  reason  of  bad  casks.  Discord  between  Captain 
Harris  and  Robert  Gipps.  Captain  Newport  discontent  because 
Mr.  Barkeley  is  set  above  him  in  succession,  avowing  that  if 
Captain  Keeling  die  he  will  never  wear  his  flag  upon  the  foretop. 
Barkeley  commended.  He  challengeth  your  license  for  sending 
home  5  or  6  cwt.  pepper  in  each  ship  :  and  Wm.  Cradle  for  the 
use  of  20  or  30/.  for  private,  and  divers  others  the  like.  He 
wondereth  what  should  move  the  Company  to  bind  some  so  strict 
from  private  trade  and  yet  tolerate  others ;  the  reasons  are  that 
men's  affections  are  free.  He  wants  presents  of  worth  to  present 
unto  kings  etc.  as  former  Generals  have  done.  That  you  make 
ready  your  Surratt  fleet  to  be  in  the  Downs  by  the  15th  of 
January  at  the  furthest.  Directions  out  of  his  experience  what 
course  all  our  ships  are  to  hold  as  most  direct  unto  Cape  Bone 
Spei.  Wonderful  many  arguments  and  requests  to  have  his  wife 
sent  unto  him  or  to  permit  him  to  come  home  (in  what  fashion 
soever)  in  your  next  ship  from  Bantam.  But  three  men  lost  in 
all  the  fleet  in  the  way  to  the  Cape.  Wishing  you  not  to  suffer 
any  gentleman  passenger  to  go  along  in  any  of  your  ships. 
Merland,  whom  some  of  the  Lords  commended,  is  the  veriest 
villain  in  the  world.  A  dissension  between  Captain  Harris  and 
Robert  Gipps  about  priority  and  duty.  It  were  meet  you  dis- 
tinguish or  bound  the  offices  and  authority  of  each,  viz.,  captain 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  191 

and  cape  merchant.  Wm.  Cradle  displaced  and  Thomas  Bonner 
master  in  his  place.  Tho.  Barwick  removed  from  the  Peppercorn 
to  the  Lion  for  contention  between  Captain  Harris  and  him. 
Ningin  root  not  a  peck  yet  gotten  together  by  all  our  means. 
They  resolve  to  newlay  the  Peppercorn's  hatches.  The  quick- 
silver in  the  Lion  much  leaked  out.  Not  to  build  your  ships  so 
pinned  in  above.  He  desireth  to  be  resolved  whether  we  may 
put  the  condemned  men  ashore  where  we  will  against  their  wills, 
for  the  Lord  Ambassador  saith  no ;  therefore  do  they  purpose  to 
keep  them  till  your  advice.  At  the  Cape  the  lord  Ambassador 
found  a  rock  wherein  he  amrmeth  to  be  quicksilver  and  vermilion, 
whereof  30  or  40  lbs.  is  sent  home  for  trial  by  Edw.  Dodsworth. 
The  course  they  mind  to  take  for  Surratt  through  God's  conduct. 
He  wisheth  to  send  in  every  fleet  to  Surratt  a  ship  or  two  of 
small  draught  and  good  defence,  which,  having  done  your  service 
at  Surratt,  may  be  employed  from  port  to  port  in  the  Indies,  such 
as  are  also  roomy,  which  is  fitting  for  hot  weather.  Requests 
again  for  his  wife  with  arguments. 


17 

Thomas  Keridge  [to  the  East  India  Company] , 

[dated  in  Agimer,  the  20th  January,  1614. 

[See  No.  235.] 


John  Sandcrofte,  [to  the  East  India  Company] , 
29th  November,  1614,  in  Surratt. 

[See  No.  194.] 

Ralph  Preston's  letter  [to  the  East  India  Company] , 
the  9th  March,  1614,  before  Dabul. 

\See  No.  265.] 


192  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


20 

Robert  Gipps  [to  the  East  India  Company] , 
the  19th  June,  1615,  in  Saldania. 

Ignorance  of  our  mariners  to  the  endangering  of  all  our 
ships  upon  the  coast  of  Barbary.  Barwick  removed  from  the 
Peppercorn  into  the  Lion  for  discord  with  Captain  Harris. 
Curtis  is  put  master  into  the  Peppercorn.  Edward  White  dieth 
out  of  the  Peppercorn  the  26th  May,  1615.  Discord  between 
Captain  Harris  and  Robert  Gipps ;  the  captain  revileth  the 
merchant  and  threateneth  him.  Complaints  of  Captain  Harris, 
who  refuseth  to  advise  with  his  council  and  would  not  enter- 
tain the  Company  and  General's  order  concerning  dead  men's 
goods,  being  faulty  himself.  Captain  Harris  brought  100/.  to  sea 
for  private  trade.  At  Saldania  they  esteem  brass  better  than 
copper.  The  captains  arrogate  much  over  the  merchants.  Mr. 
Cradle  displaced  from  master  out  of  the  Expedition,  and  Tho. 
Bonner  put  in  his  place,  Cradle  being  made  mate  in  the  Dragon. 
Only  four  men  dead  in  all  the  fleet  from  England  to  Saldania. 
Nine  condemned  men  put  ashore  at  Saldania. 


21 

Thomas  Elkington's  letter  [to  the  East  India  Company] ,  dated 
aboard  the  Solomon  in  Swally  Road,  25th  February,  1614. 

[See  No.  251.] 


22 

Tho.  Keridge  his  letter  from  Agra  or  Agimere  "to  Captain 
Downton],  dated  22nd  November,  1614. 

[See  No.  186.] 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  193 

23 

Thomas  Aldworthe  and  Wm.  Biddulph  [to  the  East  India  Com- 
pany] ,  of  the  last  February,  kept  till  the  2nd  March,  anno 
1614. 
Mention  of  former  letters  sent  by  the  Globe  and  James, 
whereof  herewith  also  the  copies.  The  arrival  of  Captain 
Downton's  fleet  and  receipt  of  your  letters.  William  Edwards 
ordered  to  go  for  Agra  and  Tho.  Aldworthe  to  remain  at 
Surat ;  divers  appointed  to  go  into  the  country  to  buy  goods, 
some  to  one  place,  some  to  another,  to  relade  a  ship  home. 
Fourteen  hundred  churls  of  indigo  bought  at  Amadavar  and 
Sirques  and  sent  down.  The  copy  of  their  journal  and  balance 
of  their  ledger  sent  by  the  Hope.  Sixty  churls  of  indigo  for- 
merly bought  for  the  Tenth  Voyage  now  put  over  to  the  Joint 
Stock  and  rated  at  n|  rupees  the  maund ;  but  the  baftas 
rated  and  charged  as  they  cost,  being  worth  no  less.  Some 
things  bought  formerly  which  they  keep  there  still  as  unfit  for 
England  to  sell  again  in  Surratt  and  to  be  employed  with  the 
rest  of  their  stock  in  indigoes  etc.  to  send  home  in  the  next  ships. 
Our  cloth,  quicksilver  and  vermilion  which  was  sent  up  to  Agra 
not  yet  sold,  for  anything  we  know  by  writing.  Midnall's  goods 
deposited  into  the  king's  hands.  Likelihood  of  good  trade  at 
Surratt.  Some  quantity  of  cloth  is  hoped  will  sell  yearly  in 
Agra,  wherefore  we  sent  up  thither  all  the  cloth  that  came  in 
these  ships.  Ormus  besieged  by  the  Persian.  Good  trade  ex- 
pected between  Bantam  and  Surratt  with  spices  etc.  and  from 
Surratt  to  Jasques  in  Persia ;  our  hopes  are  great  concerning  this 
business.  Our  lead,  quicksilver  and  vermilion  yet  unsold ;  the 
lead  is  worth  8  mamoodies,  but  the  quicksilver  and  vermilion 
worth  at  present  but  250  or  260  mamoodies  per  maund.  Pic- 
tures, comb-cases,  looking-glasses,  spectacles,  burning-glasses  and 
such  like  are  not  for  sale  here  but  for  gifts  ;  therefore  we  wish  no 
more  to  be  sent.  The  stock  now  left  here  at  the  departure  of  your 
ships  (which  others  write  to  be  1,700/.  in  Surratt  and  Agra)  we 
intend  presently  after  the  departure  of  these  ships  to  employ  in 
indigo  and  other  things  according  to  order  to  be  ready  to  relade 
a  ship  at  their  next  coming.  If  you  leave  here  a  stock  of  20,000 
or  25,000/.,  you  may  have  two  ships  re-laden  yearly  from  this  place, 
Y  1268.  o 


i94  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

and  that  within  forty  days  of  their  first  coming,  without  longer 
stay.  The  500/.  worth  of  Lahore  indigo  bought  at  Agra,  being 
33  fardles  containing  by  estimation  b\  maund  per  fardle,  is  now 
come  down  and  shipped  aboard  the  Hector.  Withington  sick  at 
Agra.  All  the  baftas  are  shipped  from  Surratt  to  the  southwards. 
Fourteen  hundred  and  twenty  one  churls  of  indigo  shipped  in  the 
Hope  etc.  Two  books  of  Paul  Canning's  sent  home  in  the  Hope, 
but  his  account  of  moneys  spent  in  Agra  etc.  not  yet  sent 
by  Tho.  Keridge.  The  difference  between  Captain  Best  and 
Mr.  Aldworthe. 

24 
Thomas  Arthington  [to  the  East  India  Company] ,  from 
Saldania,  18th  June,  1615.     By  the  Hope. 

Aboard  the  Dragon. 

Their  passage  from  England  to  Saldania  from  the  4th  March 
to  the  5th  June.  Williams  Higons,  Ric.  Starkey  (upon  the  packs) ; 
these  two  only  dead  in  the  Dragon  ;  Higons  the  24th  May,  1615. 
The  news  which  the  Hope  brought  from  Surratt  hath  furnished 
our  General  sufficiently.  He  commendeth  much  the  General, 
Captain  Keeling.  The  masters  of  your  ships  will  not  be  brought 
to  confer  their  observations  together.  Your  act  in  your  commis- 
sion concerning  dead  men's  goods  is  not  well  understood ;  which 
you  may  please  to  reform  and  to  write  the  construction  thereof, 
being  the  10th  article  of  your  commission  for  seafaring  causes. 
Mr.  Barwick  master  of  the  Peppercorn  is  removed  and  placed 
master  in  the  Lion.  Mr.  Curtis  master  of  the  Lion  is  put  into 
the  Peppercorn.  A  falling  out  between  Captain  Harris  and  his 
cape  merchant  about  good  [  ?  ] ,  made  friends  again  by  the 
council.  Wm.  Cradle  for  abuses  displaced  from  being  master  in 
the  Expedition  and  made  master's  mate  of  the  Dragon,  and  Tho. 
Bonner  placed  master  of  the  Expedition.  The  pursers  excluded 
the  council  and  the  causes  why.  Ten  of  the  condemned  men  set 
willingly  ashore  at  Saldania.  Commendations  of  their  bread  and 
ship-beer  unto  Saldania.  His  advice  and  directions  concerning 
our  ships'  nearest  course  for  the  Cape  out  of  England  to  the  Cape 
Bone  Spei. 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY S  RECORDS  195 

188 

Thomas  Keridge  to  Wm.  Edwards. 
Laus  Deo.     In  Agemere,  the  23rd  of  November,  1614. 

ORSHIPFUL  Sir,  Having  intelligence  from  Mr.  Ald- 
worthe  of  your  purpose  in  coming  hither  to  the  court, 
I  held  it  my  duty  to  advise  of  such  things  as  I  held 
fitting  in  the  behalf  of  the  right  worshipful  Company, 
which  in  my  general  letter  to  Captain  Downton  and  yourself  I 
have  written,  whereunto  I  refer  myself.  And  for  that  I  have  had 
some  experience  of  this  court,  I  have  advised  you  should  come  well 
furnished  with  fitting  trifles  for  continual  presents  for  the  king, 
which,  though  it  may  seem  ridiculous,  you  shall  find  that  longer 
than  something  is  to  be  given  former  favour  and  respect  will  be 
restrained,  the  king  so  exceedingly  delighted  with  toys,  which  I 
may  well  so  term,  for  anything  that  is  strange,  though  of  small 
value,  it  contents  him.  So  that  you  must  use  means  to  procure 
all  things  fitting,  as  rich  gloves,  wrought  or  embroidered  caps 
and  purses,  looking-glasses,  Venice  drinking  glasses,  curious  pic- 
tures in  stone,  in  wood,  in  wax  or  painted,  knives  great  and  small 
exceedingly  requested,  striking  clocks  ;  if  a  jack  to  roast  meat  on, 
I  think  he  would  like  it ;  or  any  toy  of  new  invention,  though  but 
for  sight  only,  will  please  him  ;  if  any  coloured  beaver  hats  or 
silk  stockings  for  his  women,  they  will  be  esteemed.  Fit 
presents  for  some  of  the  nobility  must  also  be  thought  upon, 
choice  sword  blades  of  the  country  fashion  much  requested  and, 
if  extraordinary  good  and  will  endure  bending,  nothing  is  more 
esteemed ;  if  you  have  store,  as  Sir  Henry  Middleton  had,  bring 
many,  they  will  sell  to  great  profit ;  knives  great  and  small,  cases 
of  bottles  filled  with  strong  waters  and  such-like  things,  whereof  I 
doubt  not  your  ships  are  well  provided,  being  we  suffered  the 
inconveniency  of  the  want  of  them.  I  have  advised  concerning 
broadcloth  ;  this  the  principal  place  for  sale  of  it ;  and  I  think  it 
requisite  you  should  bring  some  small  quantity  of  all  sorts  of 
other  commodities,  though  they  bear  good  price  below,  that  this 
people  may  have  the  better  knowledge  what  our  country  yieldeth ; 

o  2 


l96  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

and  if  you  advise  I  will  procure  the  king's  letter  for  your  safe 
conducting  along. 

Sir,  your  care  must  be  in  the  choice  of  your  company  and 
servants,  that  they  be  men  of  civil  conversation  and  government, 
the  contrary  a  fault  incident  to  our  nation  in  foreign  parts.  At 
Amadabaz  you  are  to  fit  yourself  with  provision  for  your  journey, 
where  all  things  are  cheapest  to  be  had,  good  horses  only  excepted, 
which  are  to  be  had  here  reasonable,  and  if  you  advise  for  any  I 
will  provide  they  shall  meet  you  at  Jalver  (Jhalra  Patan  ?)  which 
is  near  the  midway  from  Amadabaz  hither.  Saddles  and  furni- 
ture are  to  be  had  at  Amadabaz  reasonable  and  choice  [to] 
content. 

And  thus,  though  unknown,  you  see  I  am  bold  to  advise  in 
what  I  think  needful,  hoping  you  will  take  it  in  good  part  and 
excuse  my  present  haste,  with  remembering  my  duty  to  yourself. 
I  wish  all  prosperous  success  to  your  affairs  and  rest 

Your  loving  friend  to  be  commanded, 

Tho.  Keridge. 


1891 

Richard  Cocks  to  the  East  India  Company. 

(Sent  by  the  Sea  Adventure  to  Siam,  and  so  to  Bantam,  whence 

it  was  brought  by  the  Dragon.     Received,  19  May,  1617.) 

Firando  in  Japan,  the  25th  November,  1614. 

IGHT  Worshipful, 

May  it  please  you  to  understand  that  the  Clove 
being  departed  from  hence  towards  England,  the  5th 
of  December,  1613,  I  went  within  three  days  after  to 
Langasaque,  accompanied  with  Mr.  Wm.  Adams  and  Mr.  Edmund 
Sayer  to  the  intent  to  have  bought  a  junk  to  have  made  a  voyage 
for  Siam  and  have  saved  the  monsoon,  as  Captain  John  Saris  left 

1  Some  gaps  in  this  letter  have  been  filled  up  from  O.C.  201,  which  is  almost  a 
duplicate  of  it. 


EAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECORDS  igj 

order.  But  there  was  no  junk  to  be  sold,  all  being  made  ready  to 
go,  some  one  way  and  some  another,  according  to  their  owners' 
directions ;  amongst  which  there  were  four  or  five  that  were  bound 
for  Cochinchina  and  offered  us  freight  as  other  men  paid ;  where- 
upon by  general  consent  we  agreed  to  make  a  voyage  for  that  place, 
because,  some  2  or  3  years  before,  John  Joosen,  a  Dutchman,  in 
going  in  a  junk  for  Syam  could  not  get  that  place,  but  was  con- 
strained to  put  into  Cochinchina  to  Quinham  (Quinhon),  where 
he  was  well  received  of  the  king,  and  made  a  far  better  voyage 
than  he  should  have  done  at  Syam ;  which  being  considered,  as  I 
said  before,  we  made  a  cargazon  of  730^.  sterling,  wherein  was 
eight  broadcloths  and  two  hundred  pounds  sterling  in  rials  of 
eight,  the  rest  in  cloth  cambaia  and  half  our  elephants'  teeth ; 
and  Mr.  Tempest  Peacock  and  Walter  Carwarden  appointed  to  go 
with  it,  because  they  might  come  back  again  in  time  to  go  the 
next  monsoon  for  Syam.  And  for  their  better  entertainment  in 
Cochinchina,  they  carried  the  King's  Majesty  of  England's  letter 
with  them,  which  the  General  left  here  to  serve  for  such  a  pur- 
pose, with  a  present  for  the  king,  if  it  was  thought  fit.  And  they 
arrived  in  safety  at  Quinham,  delivered  his  Majesty's  letter  with 
the  present  and  were  kindly  entertained,  with  large  promises. 
But  the  Hollanders,  seeing  that  we  made  a  voyage  for  that  place, 
would  needs  do  the  like  and  sent  an  adventure  in  another  junk ; 
yet  I  advised  Mr.  Peacock  he  should  not  make  nor  meddle  with 
them  in  any  matters  of  business,  but  be  alone.  Yet  notwith- 
standing in  the  end  he  went  in  company  with  the  Flemings  to 
receive  in  certain  sums  of  money  which  the  king  owed  them  for 
broadcloth  and  other  commodities  he  had  bought  of  them,  but 
they  were  set  upon  in  the  way  and  slain,  both  English  and  Dutch 
with  all  their  juribassos  and  followers.  The  general  report  is 
that  the  king  of  Cochinchina  did  this  to  be  revenged  on  the 
Hollanders,  who  burnt  a  town  and  slew  many  of  his  people  not 
many  years  past.  The  original  grew  by  means  of  a  great  quan- 
tity of  false  dollars  or  rials  of  eight  which  the  Hollanders  carried 
in  times  past  and  bartered  them  away  for  silks  and  other  com- 
modities, but  their  false  money  being  found  out  they  laid  hands 
on  the  Flemings  and  as  it  is  said  in  their  fury  killed  someone, 
in  revenge  whereof  the   Hollanders  used  great  cruelty  against 


198  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

[  ]  and  children  which  is  the  occasion  of  their  and  our 

late  loss,  Mr.  Peacock  being  slain  because  he  was  in  company 
with  the  Hollanders.  But  Walter  Cut  warden  .  .  .  aboard  the] 
junk  escaped  and  came  away  in  her,  but  from  that  hour  to  tin 
can  hear  no  news  neither  of  the  junk  nor  him.  So  it  is  thought 
they  are  cast  away  with  other  junks  like  them  ,  for  of  five  that 
went  from  hence  there  is  but  two  returned,  one  of  them  coming 
from  thence  20  days  after  the  junk  that  Walter  Carwanlen  was  in 
was  departed  and  she  arrived  h  ere  four  or  five  months  past;  so 
that  now  I  am  out  of  hope  to  hear  any  good  news  of  him.  There 
has  never  been  such  foul  weather  and  so  much  shipwreck  in  these 
parts  as  hath  been  this  year  etc.  We  have  sold  some  part  of  our 
broadcloth,  most  of  them  blacks  at  12,  13,  14  and  15  taels  the 
tattamy  or  matt  (which  is  something  more  than  two  yards:  the 
tael  is  5  shillings) ;  for  the  Hollanders  have  sold  their  broad- 
cloth at  such  base  rates  to  make  despatch  that  they  have  marred 
our  markets ;  but  they  have  not  much  cloth  now  [toj  sell.  White 
broadcloth  and  yellow  are  much  enquired  after,  as  also  clove 
colour  and  mouse  or  rat  colour  ;  hare  colour,  cinnamon  colour, 
and  violet  colour  arc  also  good,  but  stammels  not  in  such  request 
as  heretofore ;  but  they  will  not  look  on  a  flame  colour  nor 
Venice  red ;  and  I  think  kerseys,  both  whites,  and  blacks  and  of 
such  colours  as  I  said  before,  would  sell  well,  as  I  think  both 
cloth  and  kerseys  of  mingled  colours  will  do  the  like.  It  were  not 
amiss  to  make  trial  of  bayes,  sayes,  cottons,  perpetuanoes  and 
other  stuffs,  which  may  be  afforded  at  a  low  rate,  as  also  of 
fustians  such  as  are  made  in  England  and  if  it  please  you  to 
send  a  chest  or  two  of  cony  skins,  lamb  and  budge  or  to  make 
some  of  them  into  gowns  or  kerimons,  as  they  call  them  here, 
such  as  Captain  John  Saris  our  General  carried  a  sample  of  from 
hence  (I  mean  of  such  a  fashion).  The  Emperor  took  the  four  cul- 
verins  and  one  saker  for  one  thousand  four  hundred  taels  and 
10  barrels  of  powder  at  one  hundred  eighty  and  four  taels,  and 
600  bars  of  lead  poise  115  pecul  and  10  catties  at  6  condrins  per 
catty  (ten  condrins  making  six  pence)  is  six  hundred  and  nine  [ty 
taels] .  We  have  also  sold  about  half  our  pepper  for  65  mass  the 
pecul  (the  mass  being  sixpence),  and  most  part  of  our  allejas, 
Amad  [avaz  ?]    cassidienils,  pintadoes,  pisgars  and  such  striped 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


199 


and  spotted  stuff  at  divers  prices  ;  but  for  red  zelas,  blue  byrams 
and  dutties,  they  will  not  away ;  the  reason  is  the  abundance  of 
linen  cloth  made  in  these  parts  and  far  better  cheap  than  in  any 
part  of  Christendom.  And  for  tin,  it  will  not  sell  here  for  the 
price  it  cost  in  England  ;  and  iron  is  here  both  better  and  better 
cheap  than  in  England.  Neither  as  yet  can  I  sell  any  of  the  rest 
of  our  elephants'  teeth  ;  but  if  it  please  God  we  get  trade  into 
China,  as  I  hope  we  shall,  then  they  will  be  [  ]  where  are 

three  or  four  Chinese  my  friends  who  are  labouring  to  get  us 
trade  in  their  country  and  do  not  doubt  it  will  take  effect.  The 
place  which  they  think  fittest  is  an  island  and  near  to  the  city  of 
Lanquin  (Nanking),  to  which  place  we  may  go  from  hence,  if  the 
wind  be  good,  in  three  or  four  days.  Our  demand  is  for  three 
ships  a  year  to  come  and  go  and  to  leave  only  factors  sufficient  to 
do  the  business.  If  we  can  but  procure  this,  I  doubt  not  but  in 
short  time  we  may  get  into  the  mainland  itself,  for,  as  the  Chinese 
themselves  tell  me,  their  Emperor  is  come  to  the  knowledge 
how  the  Emperor  of  Japan  hath  received  us  and  what  large  privi- 
leges he  hath  granted  us.  But  the  Hollanders  are  ill  spoken  of 
on  each  part  by  means  of  their  continual  robbing  and  pilfering 
the  junks  of  China,  which  at  first  they  put  upon  Englishmen,  but 
now  it  is  known  to  the  contrary.  The  Chinese  do  tell  me  that  if 
it  please  the  King's  Majesty  of  England  to  write  unto  their 
Emperor  and  send  a  present,  that  it  will  be  taken  in  good  part, 
and  safely  conveyed  unto  him.  If  it  please  God  this  take  effect, 
then  I  hope  your  Worships  will  let  me  have  the  credit  in  pur- 
suing of  it.  I  speak  not  this  in  respect  I  am  assured  it  will  take 
effect,  yet  my  hope  is  great  and,  as  the  saying  is :  nothing  seek, 
nothing  find.  If  somebody  did  not  seek  after  it,  it  could  not  be 
effected  ;  for  sure  I  am  the  Chinese  will  not  seek  after  us  to  come 
unto  them.  I  did  think  to  have  sent  these  elephants'  teeth  which 
are  left  to  Syam,  but  I  am  persuaded  to  the  contrary ;  and  there- 
fore will  keep  them  and  send  so  much  money  in  place.  At  present 
we  have  bought  a  junk  of  some  two  hundred  tons.  She  doth 
stand  your  Worships  with  repairing  and  setting  out  above  1,000/. 
sterling,  besides  the  cargazon  of  goods  which  go  in  her.  She  is 
called  the  Sea  Adventure,  and  now  attendeth  the  first  fair  wind 
to  set  forwards  towards  Syam.     Mr.  Wm.  Adams  goeth  captain 


200  EAST  INDIA    cWlPANY'S  RECORDS 

and  master  in  her,  and  Mr.  Richard  Wickham  and  Mr.  Edmund 
Saycr  for  merchants.  I  send  one  thousand  pounds  sterling  be- 
sides the  worth  of  the  elephants'  [teeth  .  .  .  ] ,  above  two  hand 

and  fifty  pounds  sterling  in  rials  of  eight,  with  4  chests  cl<  tth  Cam- 
baia,  which  [are  not  vendible  ?]    here  viz. :  zelas,  byrams,  candc- 
quisnill,  chader  lullawy  and  such  like,  with  5  bales  dutties  and  ten 
corge,  and  some  hundred  pounds  sterling  in  Japan  armour,  pikes, 
cattans,  bows  and  arrows  and  other  trifles  to  give  away  in  presents 
to  the  king  of  Syam  and  others,  as  the  custom  is,  and  that  is 
overplus  will  be  sold  for  profit,  and  is  better  than  to  carry  so  much 
money.     We  have  bought  the  house  which  our  General  left  us 
seated  in,  for  which  as  then  we  paid  after  forty  pounds  a  year,  in 
the  fee  simple  and  repairing  or  rather  new-building  doth  stand 
your  Worships  already  in  above  three  hundred  pounds  sterling,  it 
being  builded  with    [walls  on    every  ?]    side  a  yard  thick,  and 
covered  over  with  tiles  to  make   it  fire-free,  we  being  daily  in 
[danger  ?]  before  to  lose  all  by  fire.     The  Hollanders  have  laid 
out  above  two  thousand  pounds  sterling  already  about  building 
them  an  house  and  yet  still  a-building  etc.     Also  may  it  please 
your  Worships  to  understand  that  I  have  with  the  consent  of  the 
rest  entertained  into  your  Worships'  service  a  Dutchman  called 
Gisbright  Tuning  for  80  taels  or  twenty  pounds  sterling  per  annum. 
He  came  into  Japan  when  Mr.  Adams  came  and  speaketh  the 
language  of  this  country  perfectly  and  hath  entrance  to  speak 
with  the  Emperor,  if  need  so  require.     The  man  is  poor  and  had 
his  house  and  all  that  ever  he  had  burned  but  lately.     The  man 
is  sufficient  to  do  good  business  if  occasion  serve  to  employ  him, 
and  is   willing  and  diligent.     Mr.    Wm.   Adams   hath   paid  me 
twenty  pounds  sterling  your  Worships  lent  his  wife  in  England. 
He  paid  it  presently  after  the  Clove  was  gone.     I  find  the  man 
tractable  and  willing  to  do  your  worships  the  best  service  he  may, 
and  hath  taken  great  pains  about  the  repairing  our  junk  called 
the  Sea  Adventure  ;  otherwise  she  would  not  have  been  ready  to 
have  made  the  Syam  voyage  this  year.     He  hath  great  desire  to 
find  out   the  Northern  Passage   for   England   from    hence   and 
thinketh  it  an  easy  matter  to  be  done,  in  respect  the  Emperor  of 
this  place  offereth  his  assistance;  and  your  Worships  shall  find  me 
as  walling  as  any  man  it  shall  please  you  to  employ  into  these 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  201 

parts  to  second  him  etc.  The  Emperor  [ofj  Japan  hath  banished 
all  Jesuits,  priests,  friars,  and  nuns  out  of  all  his  dominions,  some 
being  gone  for  the  Phillippinas,  the  rest  for  Amacou  (Macao)  in 
China.  It  is  thought  wars  will  ensue  in  Japan  betwixt  the 
Emperor  and  Fidaia  Same,  son  to  Ticus  Same  the  deceased 
Emperor.  Mr.  John  Jourdain,  the  captain  and  cape  merchant 
under  your  Worships  at  Bantam,  hath  advised  me  to  my  great 
grief  of  the  mortality  happened  to  Sir  Henry  Middleton  and  his 
company  with  the  loss  of  the  Trades  [Increase  .  .  .  .  1 .  He 
also  advised  me  that  a  month  [before  the  ?]  date  of  his  letter, 
which  was  the  30th  of  May  last,  [departed  the  Darling  ?]  bound 
from  Bantam  for  Patania  and  there  to  take  [  ]  and  so  to 

come  for  Firando.  But  since  I  received  another  letter  from  Mr. 
Win.  Ebrett  [from]  Pattania  the  23rd  of  June  last,  wherein  he 
adviseth  me  he  can  hear  no  news  of  her,  [so]  he  doubteth  she  is 
cast  away.  If  it  had  pleased  God  she  had  come  hither  before  the 
[junk]  had  been  bought  (as  she  might  well  have  done)  it  would 
have  saved  your  Worships  the  best  part  of  1,000/.  sterling  in  cash. 
And  so,  beseeching  the  Almighty  [to]  bless  your  Worships  in  all 
your  proceedings,  I  rest 

Your  Worships'  in  duty  at  command, 

Ric.  Cocks. 

We  cannot  per  any  means  get  trade  as  yet  from  Tushma  into 
Corea,  neither  have  they  of  Tushma  any  other  privileges  but  to 
enter  into  one  little  town  or  fortress,  and  in  pain  of  death  not  to 
go  without  the  walls  thereof  to  the  landward,  and  yet  the  king  of 
Tushma  is  no  subject  to  the  Emperor  of  Japan.  We  could  vent 
nothing  but  pepper  at  Tushma,  neither  no  great  quantity  of  that 
and  the  weight  is  much  bigger  than  that  of  Japan,  but  sold  at  a 
better  rate.  I  am  given  to  understand  that  up  in  the  country  of 
Corea  they  have  great  cities  and  betwixt  that  and  the  sea  mighty 
bogs,  so  that  no  man  can  travel  on  horseback  nor  very  hardly  on 
foot.  But  for  remedy  against  that  they  have  invented  great 
waggons  or  carts  which  go  upon  broad  flat  wheels  under  sail  as 
ships  do ;  so  that,  observing  monsoons,  they  transport  their 
goods  to  and  fro  in  these  sailing  waggons.  They  have  damasks, 
satins,"   taffetas  and  other  silk   stuffs  made   there  as  well  as  in 


202  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

China.  It  is  said  that  Ticus  Same,  otherwise  called  Quabicondono, 
(the  deceased  Emperor)  did  pretend  to  have  conveyed  a  great 
army  in  these  sailing  waggons  to  have  assaulted  the  Emperor  of 
China  on  a  sudden  in  his  great  city  of  Paquin  (Pekin),  where  he 
is  ordinarily  resident ;  but  he  was  prevented  by  a  Corean  noble- 
man, who  poisoned  himself  to  poison  the  Emperor  and  other  great 
men  of  Japan,  which  is  the  occasion  that  the  Japans  have  lost  all 
that  which  some  twenty-two  years  past  they  had  gotten  posses- 
sion of  in  Corea  etc.  Ric.  Cocks. 


igO 

Richard  Cocks  to  Adam  Denton,  English  merchant  in  Patania. 
Firando  in  Japan,  the  25th  of  November,  1614. 

fR.  DENTON,  Your  joint  letter  written  in  that  of  Har- 
nando  Ximenes  in  Bantam  the  first  of  June,  came  to 
my  hand  in  Firando  the  27th  of  July  following,  which  is 
the  occasion  I  wrote  you  these  few  lines  in  answer  to 
Pattania,  as  you  desired.  I  cannot  as  yet  brag  of  any  beneficial 
trade  we  have  found  in  these  parts,  yet  time  may  find  it  out  for 
us  as  well  as  it  hath  done  for  others ;  and  it  may  be  into  China 
itself;  and  the  rather  for  that  the  Emperor  of  Japan  hath  ban- 
ished all  Jesuits,  priests,  friars  and  nuns  out  of  Japan  and  pulled 
down  their  churches  and  monasteries  ;  as  it  is  said  the  Emperor  of 
China  means  to  do  the  like  at  Macou  (Macao).  It  is  the  misde- 
meanour and  covetousness  of  the  Jesuits  (as  most  report)  that 
causeth  this  alteration.  Also  here  is  some  rumour  of  wars  like  to 
ensue  in  Japan  between  Ogusho  Same,  the  Emperor  that  now  is, 
and  Fidaia  Same,  a  young  man  of  22  years,  son  to  Ticus 
Same  the  deceased  Emperor.  And  for  sales  of  commodities, 
our  broadcloth  goeth  away  per  little  and  little  at  15,  14,  13, 
and  12  taies  the  tattamy  or  Japan  measure  (which  is  some- 
thing more  than  two  English  yards),  blacks  in  most  request ;  but 
stammels  not  so  much  sought  after  as  heretofore,  and  flame  colour, 
Venice  red  and  sea-water  greens  nothing  at  all  esteemed.  The 
Hollanders,  to  make  money,  have  sold  at  such  base  prices  that 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  203 

they  have  spoiled  our  markets.  And  for  cloth  of  Cambaya,  that 
in  most  request  is  allejas  of  Amad  [avaz?] ,  pintadoes,  pisgars,  broad 
pintadoes,  chader  pintadoes,  cassidienils,  cajany  harer,  bacar  Bar- 
oche,  Tabshill  macura,  Tabshill  grand  and  boralls,  as  also  white 
baftas.  These  sorts  of  cloth  will  sell  for  some  profit,  but  red 
zelas,  blue  byrams,  candequisnill  and  chaders  lullawys  will  not 
sell  at  any  price,  neither  make  they  any  great  reckoning  of  dut- 
ties.  I  write  you  thus  at  large,  because  when  you  find  fit  oppor- 
tunity you  may  advise  Captain  Jourdain  and  Mr.  Ball  thereof  to 
Bantam,  to  the  intent  that,  when  any  shipping  cometh  from 
thence  to  Firando,  they  may  send  some  of  those  sorts  that  will 
vent  here,  if  they  lie  by  the  [  ]  there.     Raw  silk  at 

present  is  not  worth  above  230  taels  the  pecul  (the  tael  is  5s.  ster- 
ling) ;  and  yet  the  Macou  ship  brought  but  300  peculs  silk  this 
year,  which  is  but  a  small  matter  in  respect  of  that  quantity  they 
were  wont  to  bring  heretofore,  but  by  means  of  this  bruit  of  wars 
everyone  looks  on  and  keeps  their  money  by  them,  it  being  a 
thing  light  to  carry.  Brazil  or  red  wood  is  worth  4  taels  the 
pecul,  and  deer  skins,  30  taels  100  skins,  and  buffalo  horns 
20  taels  the  100  horns  ;  and  for  all  other  stuffs,  as  velvets,  satins, 
grograms,  damasks  and  taffetas,  they  are  sold  at  divers  prices 
according  to  goodness.  Bantam  pepper  we  sell  for  six  taels  and  a 
half  the  pecul ;  but  the  Patania  pepper  is  better,  and  as  I  under- 
stand the  Dutch  sell  it  at  10  taels  or  100  mass  the  pecul,  and 
cloves  at  3  mass  the  catty,  and  nutmegs  the  like.  But  we  have 
none  of  those  commodities.  Lead  is  now  'worth  6  taels  the 
pecul,  because  of  the  bruit  of  these  wars ;  otherwise  it  would  be 
better  cheap.  And  tin  not  worth  so  much  here  as  in  England, 
and  iron  the  like.  This  letter  cometh  per  our  junk,  called  the 
Sea  Adventure,  we  have  bought  and  now  bound  for  Syam.  She 
is  of  burden  some  200  tons  and  Mr.  Wm.  Adams  goeth  captain 
and  master  in  her,  and  Mr.  Richard  Wickham  and  Mr.  Edmund 
Sayer  for  merchants.  I  send  you  per  Mr.  Wickham  a  jar  of  rusk 
or  white  biscuit,  which  I  pray  you  may  be  parted  betwixt 

A      you  and  Mr.  Wm.  Ebrett  and  received  as  a  token   of 
my  good  will ;    the  jar   is   marked   as   in  the   margin, 
with  a  ticket  on  it  wherein   your   name  is  written.    I 
have  written  Mr.  Ebrett  answer  of  the  receipt  of  his  letter  of  the 


204  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

23rd  of  June,  dated  in  Patania.  And  so  with  my  very  hearty 
commendations  to  you  both,  with  the  rest  of  our  good  friends 
and  acquaintances,  I  commit  you  all  to  the  protection  of  the 
Almighty,  resting 

Your  very  loving  friend, 

Kic.  Cocks. 
I  marvel  what  is  become  of  the  Darling.  If  she  had  come 
hither  before  the  junk  had  been  bought,  it  would  have  saved  the 
Company  the  best  part  of  1,000/.  sterling  in  cash.  I  am  little 
beholden  to  Mr.  Ball  and  the  rest  which  came  in  the  Eighth 
Voyage,  for  none  writes  me  who  is  alive  or  who  is  dead,  nor  so 
much  as  of  the  mortality  happened  to  Sir  Henry  Middleton  and 
his  company  nor  what  became  of  the  Peppercorn.  I  pray  you, 
as  conveniently  you  may,  write  me  what  you  know  hereof.  I 
have  written  Mr.  Ebrctt  at  large  of  our  loss  in  Cochinchina  and 
death  of  Mr.  Tempest  Peacock  and  willed  him  to  make  it  known 
unto  you.  R.  C. 


igi 

The  Commission  and  Invoice  of  goods  shipped  in  the 

Sea  Adventure  for  Siam. 

Firando  in  Japan,  the  25th  of  November,  1614. 

R.  WICKHAM,  I  know  it  is  needless  to  give  instruc- 
tions to  them  which  know  how  to  do  well  of  them- 
selves, neither  can  I  say  more  than  formerly  I  have  done 
at  your  going  up  to  Edo.  Only,  as  then,  so  now,  again 
I  wish  (and  heartily  entreat  you)  not  to  give  any  occasion  of  dis- 
content to  Mr.  Adams,  but  rather  bear  with  him  both  for  your 
own  good,  and  the  good  of  the  worshipful  Company;  for  fair 
words  are  as  soon  spoken  as  foul,  and  cause  a  man  to  pass 
through  the  world  as  well  amongst  foes  as  friends. 

Neither  is  it  needful  to  speak  unto  you  of  the  feminine  gender, 
although  the  liberty  of  these  parts  of  the  world  is  over  much  in 
that  kind  and  were  I  to  give  admonition  to  my  own  brother  I 
would  say  much  more,  and  doubt  not  but  you  my  friend  will 
accept  hereof  in  good  part  etc. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  205 

I  am  not  of  opinion,  neither  will  give  you  counsel,  to  land  any 
goods  on  the  coast  of  Camboja,  or  Cochinchina,  if  in  case  you 
should  not  get  to  your  port  of  discharge  in  Syam  (which  I  make 
no  doubt  but  you  will).  If  not,  stand  upon  your  guard  and 
barter  with  such  as  come  aboard  if  you  find  it  beneficial  for  the 
worshipful  Company,  otherwise  return  the  goods  back  in  the 
junk,  for  our  late  loss  in  Cochinchina  is  not  yet  out  of  my 
memory,  although  there  was  nothing  done  therein  but  by  a 
general  consent  as  you  yourself  can  witness.  But,  God  sending 
you  to  your  port  of  discharge  in  Syam,  then  I  pray  you  use  all 
expedition  you  may  to  procure  the  lading  of  our  junk  with  brazil 
(or  red  wood),  deer  skins,  raw  silk,  pieces  or  China  stuffs,  or  any 
other  matters  you  shall  understand  by  good  proof  may  be  for 
most  profit  for  our  worshipful  employers,  in  doing  whereof  you 
are  best  to  take  the  counsel  and  assistance  of  Mr.  Lucas 
Antheunis  and  Mr.  John  Gourney,  unto  whom  I  have  written  to 
that  effect.  I  think  brazil  wood  will  yield  the  Company  most 
profit  and  with  it  we  may  compass  the  lading  of  the  [junk]  with 
our  own  cargazon  of  moneys  and  commodities,  with  an  overplus  to 
employ  in  deer  skins  or  any  other  finer  commodities.  For  I  would 
willingly  the  whole  lading  should  come  for  the  worshipful  Com- 
pany Adventurers  in  the  Eighth  Voyage  if  our  stock  be  sufficient 
to  compass  it ;  if  not  then  had  I  rather  the  worshipful  Company's 
goods  of  any  other  voyage  should  come  in  her  than  that  of 
strangers,  in  paying  ordinary  freight  according  to  custom,  for  that 
the  junk  with  charges  of  setting  her  out  hath  cost  our  employers 
much  money  etc. 

And  if  you  buy  deer-skins,  a  care  must  be  had  in  choosing  of 
them  large  and  without  holes ;  they  are  worth  at  present  (as  I 
am  informed)  30  taels,  one  with  another,  the  hundred  skins  I 
mean,  great  and  small  together.  And  red  wood  4  taels  the  pecul, 
and  raw  silk  the  pecul  230  taels.  For  other  China  stuffs  you 
know  we  sold  according  to  goodness.  There  is  also  a  kind  of 
fish-skins  to  make  scabbards  and  handles  for  cattans,  which  is  a 
very  good  commodity  if  they  be  well  chosen,  or  else  they  are 
worth  little  or  nothing.  Also  buffaloes'  horns  are  sold  here  for 
20  taels  the  100  horns  ;  but  I  know  not  whether  any  be  to  be  had 
at  Syam,  for  these  came  from  Phillipines. 


206  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

And  for  a  present  to  be  given  to  the  king  of  Syam  or  any 
others,  take  the  counsel  of  Mr.  Lucas  Antheunis  or  such  others 
as  have  lain  longest  in  the  country,  both  for  the  quality  and 
quantity.  It  is  said  that  these  armours,  guns,  pikes,  cattans  and 
bows  and  arrows  are  most  esteemed  of,  and  to  that  intent  were 
bought ;  but  what  resteth  or  is  overplus  will  be  sold  for  profit 
and  is  better  than  to  carry  so  much  money.  Take  Mr.  Adams' 
counsel  herein  ;  it  will  give  him  content  and  do  you  no  hurt. 

And  if  you  find  it  fit  (and  for  our  employers'  benefit)  to  leave 
a  man  in  those  parts,  then  with  the  counsel  of  Mr.  Lucas  Anthe- 
unis (or  others  which  are  experienced  in  those  affairs)  you  may 
leave  Edmund  Sayer ;  but  do  it  not  except  upon  good  occasion, 
for  you  know  we  are  but  few  and  that  our  want  is  much  here,  etc. 
And  make  Edmund  Sayer  acquainted  with  such  business  as 
you  do,  which  in  some  sort  will  be  a  discharge  for  yourself,  how- 
soever matters  may  fall  out,  and  be  a  credit  and  encouragement 
to  the  young  man,  and  bring  him  to  know  how  to  do  such  busi- 
ness, for  every  man  must  have  a  time  to  learn  etc. 

And  if  you  find  any  of  the  worshipful  Company's  servants 
willing  to  come  hither,  of  what  voyage  soever  they  be,  bring  them 
along  with  you  and  let  their  goods  have  passage  upon  reasonable 
composition,  and  they  shall  find  me  here  ready  to  assist  them 
how  I  may.  And  if  you  find  Mr.  John  Gourney  at  Syam  then 
deliver  him  the  letter  I  sent  him,  with  the  worshipful  Company's 
packet  letters ;  but  if  he  be  not  there  then  open  his  letter  and 
use  the  best  means  you  can  to  send  both  his  letter  and  the  Com- 
pany's packet  to  Captain  Jourdain  for  Bantam  by  the  first  sure 
conveyance,  with  directions  to  see  the  packet  sent 
for  England  with  all  speed  possible,  for  that  it  impor- 
teth.  And  the  other  two  letters  to  Mr.  Adam  Denton 
and  Mr.  Wm.  Ebrett  I  pray  you  send  to  them  to 
Patania  per  first  sure  conveyance  etc.  And  for  the 
great  leather  bag  marked  as  in  the  margin,  wherein  is 
seven  hundred  forty  and  eight  taels  Japan  plate,  it  is  for  so  much 
received  of  John  Joosen  per  advice  from  Mr.  Lucas  Antheunis 
for  account  of  the  right  worshipful  Company  Adventurers  in  the 
Seventh  Voyage,  which  bag  of  money  you  are  to  deliver  to  Mr.  Lucas 
Antheunis  for  the  use  of  the  right  worshipful  aforesaid,  etc. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  207 

And  the  time  of  the  monsoon  for  the  return  of  this  junk  the 
Sea  Adventure  towards  Firando  in  Japan  being  come,  I  desire 
you  to  despatch  her  away  and  not  to  be  an  occasion  of  her  stay 
upon  what  surmise  soever,  as  you  will  answer  to  the  contrary  ; 
for  it  is  better  to  have  her  to  come  back  without  part  of  her 
lading  than  unadvisedly  to  adventure  the  rest.  But  I  hope  your 
forwardness  in  the  business  will  be  such  that  I  need  not  to  stand 
upon  this  point ;  and  the  rather  that  you  carry  most  part  of 
your  cargazon  in  ready  money  etc. 

And  if  I  have  forgotten  anything  that  (upon  good  ground)  you 
may  find  fitting  for  our  worshipful  employers'  benefit,  then  I  refer 
it  to  your  own  discretion,  desiring  you  to  enquire  and  look  out, 
wheresoever  you  shall  come,  what  trade  may  be  had  into  any 
other  places  whereinto  yet  we  have  had  no  entry,  and  how  we 
may  have  entrance  into  them,  with  the  benefit  that  may  arise  to 
the  right  worshipful  Company  thereby ;  in  doing  whereof  it  can- 
not choose  but  redound  to  your  great  credit  and  reputation. 
And  if  you  find  any  fit  conveyance  to  write  me  before  your 
return  then  I  pray  you  let  no  such  opportunity  overpass,  as  you 
shall  find  the  like  from  me.  And  so  I  beseech  the  Lord  God 
to  send  you  a  prosperous  voyage  and  safely  to  return.     Amen. 

Your  very  loving  friend, 

Ric.  Cocks. 

The  cargazon  of  merchandise  and  moneys  are  as  follows, 
viz. : — 

Taels.  Mass.  Cond. 

Cloth  cambaia,  36  corge  03  pieces, 

[details  omitted]  cost  -         -         -     0,313     o     3 

Armour  and  weapons,  quita  soils  (or 
sombreros),  fans,  boxes,  dried 
tunnyfish,  gunpowder,  mate- 
rials for  casting  shot  &c.  [details 
omitted]      - 

Money  in  bags       ... 

Ready  money        - 

Sum  total  of  the  whole  carga- 
zon, goods  and  money,  is 


0,387 

3 

o£ 

5,000 

0 

0 

129 

4 

5 

5,829 

7 

8* 

208  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

Besides  the  leather  bag  of  seven  hundred  forty  and  eight  tacls 
Japan  plate  in  bars  sent  to  Mr.  Lucas  Antheunis  for  account  of  the 
right  worshipful  Company  Adventurers  in  the  Seventh  Voyage. 

I  am  given  to  understand  that  there  is  some  tonnage  in 
hold  due  to  the  officers  of  the  junk.  What  it  is  let  them  have  it, 
and  rather  more  than  less,  for  I  hope  we  shall  make  more 
voyages,  and  therefore  good  to  please  these  sort  of  people,  etc. 
And  when  you  come  to  sea  if  any  lurkers  go  along,  thinking  to 
make  benefit  of  empty  cabins,  seek  them  out  and  make  them  to 
pay  or  sleep  on  the  hatches  ;  and  if  any  cabins  be  empty  at  return 
fill  them  with  light  merchandise  for  the  worshipful  Company  our 
employers ;  let  not  sharkers  go  beyond  you  in  this  case.  And  so 
the  Lord  prosper  you  in  your  proceedings  and  send  you  a  safe 
return.     Amen. 

Your  very  loving  friend  at  command, 

Kic.  Cocks. 


ig2 

A  consultation  of  merchants  whose  names  are  hereunder  written, 
held  the  28th  November,  1614,  in  Suratt,  concerning  a  dis- 
covery of  the  coasts  and  parts  of  Peartia  (Persia)  for  trade  of 
merchandising,  viz. 

NE  Richard  Steel,  an  Englishman,  who  came  lately 
through  Turkey  and  Peartia  and  now  having  been 
here  these  five  months  past  hath  from  time  to  time 
given  such  reasons  unto  Mr.  Tho.  Aldworthe  and 
Wm.  Biddulph  of  great  hope  for  trade  and  commerce  in  Pearsia, 
and  especially  the  convenience  of  place  for  shipping  to  arrive  and 
discharge  at,  whereof  General  Downton  will  make  particular 
relation,  and  the  concordancy  of  divers  reports  from  others  with 
this  of  Richard  Steel  gave  cause  of  this  consultation,  whereof 
when  we  had  with  our  best  judgments  debated  and  considered,  it 
was   generally  thought  fit  and   concluded  that   the   said  Steel, 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  209 

accompanied  with  John  Crouther,  should  proceed  in  the  said 
discovery  under  such  a  competent  charge  as  by  our  estimation 
may  amount  unto  150^. ;  the  manner  of  payment  thereof,  for  the 
avoiding  of  the  danger  of  robbery  or  other  accidents,  was  not  now 
concluded  but  referred  to  further  consideration. 

General  Nich.  Downton. 

Will.  Edwards. 

Tho.  Aldworthe. 

Tho.  Elkington. 

Edw.  Dodsworth. 

Tho.  Mitford. 


193 

Captain  Nicholas  Downton  to  Sir  Robert  Sherley. 

ONOURABLE  Sir, 

When  in  the  Peppercorn  I  parted  from  you  at 
Saldania,  my  poor  means  for  so  long  a  passage  con- 
sidered, I  little  thought  from  this  place  ever  to  have 
written  to  your  Honour  into  Persia,  yet  God  of  His  mercy  (not- 
withstanding the  great  mortality  amongst  my  people)  continued 
my  life  not  only  home,  but  also  though  in  weak  estate  carried 
by  the  desire  of  my  mind  this  far  outwards  towards  Java, 
Moluccoes,  Japan  and  China,  if  I  find  fit  encouragement.  And 
here  meeting  divers  of  my  countrymen,  as  Mr.  Thomas  Aldworthe 
of  Bristowe  and  Richard  Steel,  by  whom  I  was  informed  of  your 
landing,  and  evil  usage  by  the  Portugals  and  their  favourers  at 
Sinda,  with  the  loss  of  divers  of  your  followers,  by  name  not 
knowing  whom,  and  of  your  long  abode  in  the  Mogore's  court, 
Sir,  by  a  true  heart  I  swear  I  shall  always  rejoice  in  hearing  of 
your  happy  fortunes  and  also  have  a  friendly  feeling  sadness  if  I 
should  hear  the  contrary.  It  gladdeth  me  to  hear  that  my  Lady 
Sherley  hath  so  well  overcome  her  sea  travel,  and  departed  Agra 
in  health.  William  Hawkins  died  homewards ;  so  did  most  of 
the  people  in  that  ship.  He  was  buried  in  Ireland,  and  his  wife 
Y126S.  p 


2IO  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

is  married  to  Gabriel  Towerson.  Mr.  Towerson  did  visit  your 
son,  and  informed  me  of  his  health.  Myself  put  into  Ireland,  for 
want  of  better  winds  and  strength  of  people  to  work  my  ship,  and 
there  stayed  till  the  depth  of  winter  before  I  had  means  to  bring 
her  home  ;  where  being  arrived,  by  reason  of  extremity  of  cold 
and  other  infirmities  of  body,  I  went  little  out  of  my  chamber  till 
I  was  carried  to  these  ships  made  ready  for  this  journey,  wherein 
though  weak  I  desired  to  be  transported  into  a  warmer  climate. 
Sir,  besides  the  ancient  desire  long  dwelling  in  me,  for  to  under- 
stand or  find  out  fit  place  for  ships  safely  to  ride  and  do  business 
within  the  king  of  Persia  his  dominions,  the  little  conference  I 
had  with  your  Honour  at  Saldania  of  the  hopes  withinland  for 
sales  of  cloth,  and  other  our  country  commodities  or  to  barter  and 
exchange  them  for  the  commodities  of  those  countries,  together 
with  your  report  of  the  magnanimity  and  noble  virtues  of  that 
king,  much  increase  my  desire  that  our  countrymen  may  have 
intercourse  into  Persia.  Diligent  have  I  since  been  by  all  means 
possible  to  inform  myself  of  some  place  fit  to  arrive  on  the  coast, 
wherein  Jasques  is  the  most  hope  we  have ;  yet  that  is  no  harbour 
nor  safeguard  for  ships  at  all  times,  but  may  find  time  in  fair 
weather,  if  we  have  the  country  to  friend,  both  to  land  and  receive 
goods,  but  it  is  a  world  of  inconveniences  when  men  can  have  no 
hope  of  quiet  being  by  sea.  Also  I  hear  that  in  the  town  are 
divers  Portugals,  which  are  always  enemies  to  all  our  proceedings 
and  by  reproachful  slanders  use  ever  to  incense  all  nations  against 
us ;  besides,  according  to  their  force,  they  will  show  their  malice, 
but  I  will  leave  that  to  the  trial  of  time.  And  though  I  remain 
destitute  of  a  main  and  principal  ground  fit  to  lay  a  foundation 
upon  (which  is  safe  harbour  for  our  ships)  my  estate  or  credit  in 
this  business  stands  in  hazard,  since  my  commendations  or 
scandal  I  expect  to  follow  according  to  the  success.  And  as  the 
charge  will  be  great  and  dangerous  if  it  miss,  so  wise  men  desire 
to  be  strengthened  with  the  best  assurance  by  likelihood  that 
they  may,  before  they  will  adventure  their  goods,  yet  I  have  now 
resolved,  leaving  the  success  to  the  pleasure  of  God.  I  purpose 
to  put  the  Indian  Company  to  that  expense  in  sending  this 
bearer  Richard  Steel  to  you  into  Persia,  desiring  your  help  in  this 
business,  which  may  as  I   think  increase  your  honour  with  the 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  21  r 

king  for  bringing  trade  by  sea  into  his  country,  and  bind  your 
countrymen  more  to  honour  and  respect  you,  to  which  by  all  good 
offices  I  do  assure  myself  your  heart  is  inclined.  If  these  my 
endeavours  effect  nothing,  I  shall  be  for  ever  disgraced  for  under- 
taking a  business  beyond  my  commission.  If  it  prove  well,  the 
Indian  Company  will  not  fail  to  be  thankful  to  you,  and  I,  that 
have  no  ability  to  do  good  or  hurt,  shall  be  bound  to  pray  for  you 
for  lending  your  best  assistance  to  save  my  credit,  for  I  forget  no 
syllable  of  what  concerning  this  business  I  formerly  have  received 
from  you.  The  thing  principally  to  entreat  you  for  is  to  move 
the  king,  and  know  his  Majesty's  pleasure,  whether  he  will  grant 
and  give  his  firm  and  chop  for  the  subjects  of  the  King  of 
England  to  have  free  intercourse  and  peaceable  commerce 
throughout  all  his  dominions,  which  if  his  Highness  will  grant, 
then  that  it  may  please  him  that  Jasques  may  be  prepared  by  his 
directions  for  the  courteous  entertainment  of  the  English,  when 
it  shall  please  God  to  send  any  of  our  ships  thither,  as  also  for 
their  quiet  transportation  from  thence  to  the  court  and  other 
places  as  occasion  shall  import ;  and  also  that  it  may  please  you 
to  give  Richard  Steel,  who  is  now  the  Indian  Company's  servant, 
all  furtherance  for  his  information  concerning  merchandising 
business,  as  also  your  help  for  his  quiet  passage  out  of  Persia 
homewards,  to  give  account  to  the  Indian  Company  of  his  good 
endeavours  herein,  and  the  like  to  whomsoever  shall  come  in  his 
company,  who  is  to  return  to  Surat,  there  to  make  our  factory 
understand  the  same,  the  better  to  govern  themselves  according 
as  occasion  offereth  itself.  So  with  all  true  affection  and  friendly 
respect,  I  remember  my  service  to  your  Honour,  ever  resting 

Your  loving  friend, 

Nich.  Downton. 


p  2 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


194 

John  Sandcrofte  to  the  East  India  Company. 
Laus  Deo.     In  Zurat,  the  29th  November,  1614. 

IGHT  worshipful  Sir  and  Sirs, 

May  it  please  you,  the  igth  April  we  crossed  the 
line  in  4  degrees  43  minutes  in  circa  variation.  The 
15th  June  we  arrived  at  Saldania  thanks  be  to  God  in 
safety,  viz.  the  Gift,  Hector,  Hope  and  Solomon.  May  it  please 
you,  Captain  Best  arrived  at  Saldania  the  20th  February  last  and 
stayed  there  14  days;  Captain  Newport  the  21st  March,  departed 
the  31st  ditto  ;  Mr.  Pet  arrived  there  21st  of  May,  departed  the  7th 
of  June.  The  30th  of  June  we  set  sail  from  Saldania  ;  the  6th  of 
August  we  arrived  at  St.  Augustine  in  St.  Lawrence  with  the 
4  ships,  thanks  be  given  to  God,  having  had  many  contrary  winds 
since  we  came  from  the  Cape  of  Bona  Esperanza.  At  St. 
Augustine  we  bought  some  20  head  of  cattle,  most  of  them  ex- 
cellent good  and  fat  and  cost  5,  6,  and  7  shillings  per  head,  and 
for  a  silver  chain  worth  8  or  9  shillings  two  beasts  of  the  best 
sort.  The  people  did  much  desire  chains  such  as  came  from  the 
masters'  whistles,  being  all  silver ;  those  which  were  gilt  they 
would  not  take  at  any  rate.  If  we  had  had  more  chains  they 
would  have  sold  us  more  cattle.  The  second  of  September  we 
crossed  the  line.  The  9th  ditto  we  arrived  in  the  bay  of  Delisha 
in  the  island  of  Socatra.  The  12th  ditto  the  cape  merchants 
bought  of  the  king  all  his  aloes  which  were  merchantable,  which 
was  27  kintals  in  circa  at  thirty  dollars  per  kintal,  whereof 
14  kintales  were  dry,  the  rest  more  green ;  but  all  excellent  goods. 
The  14th  ditto  we. set  sail  from  thence.  The  23rd  ditto  the  mon- 
soon left  us.  The  second  of  October  we  fell  with  Dabul,  being  in 
17  degrees  35  minutes  in  circa.  The  15th  ditto  we  arrived  in  the 
road  of  Swallie  in  good  safety,  thanks  be  to  God,  having  lost  in 
the  four  ships  twelve  men  in  circa,  but  not  any  one  merchant  or 
other  man  of  note ;  and  the  rest  of  the  people  in  better  health 
than  they  were  when  we  came  out  of  England,  which  I  pray  God 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


2*3 


long  to  continue.  May  it  please  your  Worships,  about  a  year 
since,  the  Portingals  took  in  this  road  a  great  ship  of  a  n  or 
1,200  tons  called  the  Remewe  richly  laden,  and  divers  great  men 
were  interested  therein,  and  the  Great  Mogul's  mother  was  a 
great  adventurer,  which  caused  the  Great  Mogul  to  drive  the 
Portingals  out  of  this  place  and  hath  made  peace  with  the  king  of 
Decane  who  hath  joined  their  forces  together  and  hath  besieged 
most  of  the  forts  belonging  to  the  Portingals  between  this  and 
Goa.  The  Moors  have  vowed  to  drive  them  out  of  this  country, 
which  they  might  easily  do  with  the  help  of  these  four  ships. 
The  Viceroy  of  this  place  did  much  import  our  General  to  go  to 
Daman  with  the  ships,  which  is  some  13  leagues  off,  to  keep  the 
road  that  the  frigates  might  not  bring  in  no  victuals  to  the 
besieged,  but  in  regard  our  General  could  not  do  it,  the  Viceroy 
would  have  forced  him  to  go,  whereupon  he  hath  much  detracted 
time,  but  now  all  is  in  good  forwardness,  and  I  think  Mr.  Ed- 
wards will  be  ready  to  go  for  Agra  within  two  days  at  the  farthest, 
and  is  promised  by  the  Viceroy  to  do  him  all  the  kindness  he 
can  ;  and  he  sent  for  Mr.  Edwards  two  days  since  and  gave  him 
a  present  worth  300  dollars  in  circa.  The  23rd  of  this  month 
Mr.  Emsworth  and  Mr.  Wood  departed  this  life.  The  rest  of  the 
merchants  are  in  good  health,  thanks  be  to  God.  I  cannot  advise 
your  Worships  of  the  prices  of  commodities  in  this  place,  in 
regard  there  hath  not  anything  been  bought  or  sold  since  our 
coming,  only  a  few  swords  at  7  and  8  dollars  per  piece.  Here 
is  great  store  of  goods  in  the  country,  and  we  are  to  go  to 
Amadavar,  Cambaia  and  Brothera  to  buy  goods  for  the  lading  of 
one  of  the  ships,  but  which  of  the  ships  shall  go  home  it  is 
not  known.  Mr.  Oxwicke  and  Mr.  Young  went  to  Baroach 
the  23rd  ditto  to  buy  cotton  yarn  and  other  goods.  Here 
is  one  Mr.  Steel,  who  is  employed  into  Persia  to  discover 
trade,  and  Mr.  Crouther  is  to  go  with  him.  Mr.  Steel  do 
pretend  he  is  able  to  carry  ships  to  a  port  in  Persia  where  silk 
may  be  bought  at  js.  per  pound.  We  do  hear  of  the  death  of  Sir 
Henry  Middleton  and  of  the  most  part  of  his  men,  which  is  much 
lamented.  At  our  coming  to  this  place  we  found  Mr.  Aldworthe 
and  Mr.  Biddulph,  who  have  been  very  well  used.  Mr.  Canning 
died  long  before  our  coming.     And  thus  with  remembrance  of  my 


214  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

humble  duty  and  prayer  to  the  Almighty  for  the  long  continuance 
of  your  Worships'  good  healths  and  happy  success  in  all  your 
affairs, 

Your  Worships'  servant  in  all  duty  to  be  commanded, 

John  Sandcrofte. 


Laus  Deo.     In  Amadavar,  the  19th  December,  1614. 

IGHT  worshipful  Sir  and  Sirs, 

May  it  please  you,  the  13th  of  this  month  we 
arrived  here  in  safety,  thanks  be  to  God,  having 
brought  up  with  us  12  chests  money  to  buy  goods  for 
the  lading  of  one  of  the  ships  for  England,  and  to  send  for  Agra 
88  broad  cloths,  192  sword  blades,  a  chest  of  looking-glasses,  a 
trunk  of  comb-cases,  divers  pictures,  and  burning-glasses,  besides 
the  present ;  but  the  particulars  cannot  advise,  in  that  have  them 
not.  Mr.  Edwards,  Mr.  Rogers,  Mr.  Mitford,  Mr.  Browne, 
Mr.  Young,  Mr.  Ufflett,  Mr.  Fettiplace,  Mr.  Smith,  Mr.  Prowde 
is  to  go  for  Agra ;  Mr.  Aldworthe,  Mr.  Dodsworth,  Mr.  Pres- 
ton, Mr.  Battie  and  Mr.  Elmore  is  to  stay  here  to  provide 
goods ;  Mr.  Hamden,  Mr.  Humphrey  Elkington,  Richard  Pitt 
and  myself  are  appointed  to  go  to-morrow  to  Cambaya,  to  buy 
what  goods  we  can  at  reasonable  prices  that  serves  for  England. 
May  it  please  you  here  is  great  store  of  goods  in  the  country 
and  at  reasonable  rates.  It  is  reported  here  is  Serkesse 
(Sarkhej)  indigo  enough  to  lade  three  or  four  ships.  The 
merchants  hold  it  at  10,  11,  and  12  rupees  the  maund  (the  maund 
contains  32  or  33  lbs.  English  in  circa ;  2  rupees  5  pice  make 
a  rial  of  8,  being  new ;  the  old  rials  is  worth  2  rupees  and  10  pice, 
the  rial  being  164  pice  in  circa).  This  day  we  bought  50  maund 
of  rich  indigo  as  good  as  ever  I  saw  in  Aleppo,  for  15  rupees  the 
maund.  We  sold  this  day  6  broadcloths  at  8£  rupees  the  covad 
(being  34  inches)  and  13  sword  blades  at  14  rupees  per  blade. 
The  Portingals  here  burnt  divers  small  towns,  which  hath  brought 
these  people  to  be  their  utter  enemies.  There  stayed  nobody  at 
Brothera,  in  that  the  gumlac  did  not  prove  this  year  and  that 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


2I5 


there  was  none  to  be  had.  As  occasion  shall  be  offered  I  will  not 
fail,  God  willing,  to  write  your  Worships  by  every  conveyance. 
This  is  a  very  good  country,  a  very  good  air  and  a  quiet  sort  of 
people.  I  should  have  been  glad  to  have  spent  my  time  in  these 
parts,  if  it  had  not  pleased  your  Worships  otherwise  to  dispose  of 
me,  to  which  am  very  well  content.  And  thus,  with  remembrance 
of  my  humble  duty,  commit  your  Worships  to  the  gracious  pro- 
tection of  the  Almighty. 

Your  Worships'  servant  in  all  duty  to  be  commanded, 

John  Sandcrofte. 


195 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham,  aboard  the  Sea  Adventure, 
at  or  near  Firando. 

Firando,  in  Japan,  the  2nd  of  December,  1614. 

R.  WICKHAM,  Yours  dated  yesterday,  or  rather  at 
10  o'clock  yesternight,  came  this  morning  to  my  hands 
with  the  13^  mass,  which  I  gave  to  Mr.  Nealson.  If 
Captain  Adams  will  not  carry  John  Phebe  with  him, 
let  him  use  his  own  discretion  etc.  Even  now  per  Yasimon  Dono 
I  have  received  your  other  letter  and  am  much  grieved  at  the 
news  of  another  leak.  Captain  Adams  wrote  me  nothing  thereof, 
and  Yasimon  Dono  the  bringer  hereof  saith  it  is  a  matter  of 
nothing  and  will  easily  be  stopped  within  ship,  and  for  that  pur- 
pose is  come  to  fetch  two  or  three  barks  to  unlade  stones  into. 
I  know  Captain  Adams  will  not  adventure  his  life  in  desperate 
sort  if  he  saw  any  just  occasion.  If  the  wind  be  out  of  the  way, 
I  ^  would  be  glad  of  your  company.  I  have  not  received  any 
money  for  Ed.  Sayer.  They  which  owe  it  are  none  of  the 
Hastings  in  paying.  I  had  rather  it  were  in  his  purse  than  mine, 
etc.  (I  mean  in  Ed.  Sayer's).     You  gave  me  a  great  lock  to  put 


2l6 


EAST  INDIA    COMPAN\nS  RECORDS 


on  a  chest  or  door,  but  I  know  not  where  it  is,  neither  where  the 
key  of  the  lock  of  your  chamber  door  is.  If  Toshtro  have  that 
key  let  him  return  it  per  this  bringer ;  and  write  me  a  word  where 
the  great  lock  and  key  is.  Mr.  Nealson  saith  you  gave  it  him  but 
that  he  received  it  not.  Commend  me  to  Ed.  Sayer,  Signor 
Damian  and  Signor  John.  And  so  I  end,  with  hearty  commen- 
dations to  yourself,  resting 

Your  loving  friend  at  command, 

Ric.  Cocks. 


196 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham,  aboard  the  Sea  Adventure, 
at  Cochi,  in  Firando. 

R.  WICKHAM,  John  Japan  promised  me  to  leave  me 
the  writings  of  the  boy  Tushma,  how  he  bought  him, 
and  render  up  his  right  to  me.  Let  him  send  me  those 
writings  if  he  have  them,  or  send  me  word  where  I 
shall  find  them.  I  send  John  Phebe  of  purpose  to  bring  this 
letter  to  you,  understanding  the  junk  is  ready  to  put  to  sea. 
Vale. 

Ric.  Cocks. 
Firando,  3rd  December,  1614. 


-*>{?§ 


*•&**• 


197 

A  document  in  Japanese,  being  a  list  of  parcels,  with  their  weights : 
in  all,  seven  packages,  wrapped  tip  in  leather,  matting,  etc.    Sakuyemon 
gives  his  sealed  receipt  for  them  on  the  22nd  August  [1613] .     Pro- 
bably he  had  undertaken  to  carry  them  to  some  other  part  of  Japan? 
1  Communicated  by  Dr.  Riess,  of  Tokio  University. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  217 


I97A 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham,  aboard  the  Sea  Adventure, 
at  Cochi  in  Firando. 

Firando,  in  Japan,  the  3rd  of  December,  1614. 

R.  WICKHAM,  Your  letter  with  the  paper  in  Japan 
characters  I  have  received,  and  am  heartily  glad  the 
leaks  prove  otherwise  than  was  expected.  Also  I  have 
spoken  to  Mr.  Nealson  and  received  your  scissors  of 
him,  and  send  them  along  to  you  per  the  bearer  hereof,  John 
Phebe.  And  for  John  Ocanano  the  Spaniard,  I  know  not  what 
other  course  you  should  take  with  him  but  set  him  ashore  at 
Syam,  for  as  I  understand  him  that  was  his  desire.  Only  if  any 
English  ship  be  there  to  carry  him  to  Bantam,  I  know  you  will 
favour  him  in  what  you  may  ;  or  else  send  him  to  Patania,  if 
shipping  be  there  to  carry  him.  I  for  my  part  have  not  been  for- 
getful to  give  him  something  out  of  my  poverty.  If  you  or  others 
do  the  like,  no  doubt  God  will  reward  you,  etc.  I  verily  think 
now  that  you  will  have  a  fair  wind,  and  therefore  the  Lord 
prosper  you  in  your  affairs  and  send  you  a  good  voyage  and  safely 
to  return.     Amen. 

Your  loving  friend  at  command, 

Ric.  Cocks. 
On  back : 

I  pray  you  send  me  your  packing  bill  with  the  number  of 
chests  and  fardles,  and  what  is  in  them,  to  put  in  the  waste 
book. 


218 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


ig8 

Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxvvicke,  at  Barochc. 
In  Surrat,  this  8th  December,  1614. 

IOVING  Friend,  Your  health  desired  etc.  By  letters 
received  from  Mr.  Edwards  and  the  rest  I  have  under- 
stood of  their  safe  arrival  and  departure  from  Baroch. 
They  advise  me  for  the  payment  of  3,000/.  or  there- 
about, if  you  charge  me  therewithal ;  it  shall  be  accomplished 
whensoever  you  do  the  same  according  to  their  order.  Our 
General  for  use  of  the  ships  is  to  be  fitted  with  some  strong 
dutties,  which  here  are  not  to  be  had ;  therefore  he  would  have 
you  to  provide  and  send  him  so  soon  as  you  can  20  corge  of  the 
strongest  you  can  there  procure,  being  for  the  mending  and 
making  of  sails ;  and  hereafter  as  he  shall  have  cause  of  more  he 
will  advise  you.  Our  elephants'  teeth  we  have  sold  at  70  mamoo- 
dies  the  maund,  but  not  yet  all  delivered  or  money  received,  but 
hope  for  all.  And  this  is  all  the  sales  of  import  that  hitherto  we 
have  made.  News  we  have  not  much  to  advise  you  ;  only  on 
Sunday  last  passed  by,  within  musket  shot  of  the  ships,  60  sail  of 
frigates  of  the  Portingals,  which,  as  far  as  those  aboard  could 
perceive,  went  towards  the  northward. 

Thus  for  present  not  having  other,  I  rest  and  leave  you  to 
God. 

Your  loving  friend, 


Thomas  Elkington. 


199 

Thomas  Aldworthe  to  John  Oxwicke  in  Barocha. 
Brodera,  this  9th  of  December,  1614. 

^R.  OXWICKE,  We  hear  there  is  a  difference  between 
Narangee  and  the  other  broker,  so  must  you  with  your 
discretion  temper  it  that  the  general  business  be  not 
hindered ;  for  though  we  ought  to  respect  Narangee  as 
an  honest  man  and  our  broker,  yet  if  any  other  broker  can  fit  us 
with  better  bargains  than  he,  you  are  in  such  a  case  to  take  your 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  219 

advantage  as  heretofore  told  you  ;  when  not,  then  fitter  to  use 
one  than  two.  Only  have  a  care  the  business  be  not  delayed, 
and  for  your  better  assistance  Mr.  Farewell  is  sent  down,  for  that 
we  have  no  cause  to  leave  any  Englishmen  here  as  we  thought  to 
have  done.  So  hoping  on  your  careful  endeavours,  I  commend 
you  to  God. 

Your  loving  friend, 

Tho.  Aldworthe. 

Herewith  are  sent  you 
3  musters  2^,  3,  5,  of  white  baftas 
with  their  prices.     They  are  half  an 
inch  narrower  and  one  covad  shorter 
than  those  of  Barocha. 


200 

Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxwicke  in  Baroche. 

Laus  Deo.     In  Surrat,  the  10th  December,  1614. 

flOVING  Friend,  Hearty  commendations  with  desire  of 
your  health  etc.  Two  days  past  I  wrote  you  a  few 
lines,  requesting  you  to  provide  for  our  General  20  corge 
of  strong  dutties  such  as  may  be  fit  for  making  and 
mending  of  sails  and  that  it  be  done  with  as  much  speed  as  you 
can.  Now  you  shall  understand  that  yours  of  the  7th  present  I 
have  received  by  the  Nabob's  peon  and  according  to  your  writing 
have  sent  you  by  him  z\  covads  stammel  and  2|  covads  Venice 
red,  not  having  any  cloth  of  the  colours  you  sent  for  muster,  and 
10  sword  blades  crooked,  in  price  of  which  you  may  use  your 
discretion  and  go  the  nearer  hand  with  him  in  regard  of  the  kind- 
ness he  hath  showed  to  Mr.  Edwards.  We  have  not  here  sold 
any  under  40  mamoodies  the  piece  and  so  with  you  I  think  they 
may  be  very  well  worth.  Your  own  are  not  yet  out  of  the  custom 
house  ;  else  would  have  sent  them.  I  perceive  you  have  hitherto 
done  little  in  the  providing  of  those  commodities  that  are  there  to 


220  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

be  had.  You  being  there  present  shall  see  what  is  most  requisite, 
yet  withal  it  were  good  to  consider  of  the  small  time  we  have 
remaining  to  do  much  business  in.  You  write  of  a  note  that 
Mr.  Edwards  should  send  for  the  5  covados  cloth,  but  I  never 
received  any  such  ;  notwithstanding  upon  your  own  letter  have 
sent  them.  Thus  for  present  not  having  other,  I  commit  you  to 
God's  holy  protection,  resting 

Your  loving  friend, 

Thomas  Elkington. 

To  Mr.  Bayly  Ball  I  pray  commend  me  and  request  him  to 
hold  me  excused  that  I  write  him  not.  I  am  not  forgetful  of  his 
things  with  the  Nabob,  yet  nothing  done  therein. 


201 

See  under  No.  189. 


202 

Richard   Cocks  to   the   Company   of  Merchant   Adventurers  of 
England  resident  in  Middleburgh. 

[Firando,  10th  December,  1614.] 

IGHT  worshipful  Sir  and  Sirs, 

May   it   please  you   to   understand   that  I,   being 
[  ]  unworthy  brother  of    that   your 

right  [worshipful  Company]  of  Merchant  Adventurers 
of  England  thought  [it]  my  duty,  being  in  these  remote 
parts  of  the  world,  [to  write]  unto  your  Worships  of  my  health 
and  welfare,  not  being  [able  by]  means  of  other  employments 
to  make    my   personal    appearance   as   otherwise   I   would   do, 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  221 

if  place  and  opportunity  would  give  me  leave,  which  I  beseech 
your  Worships  to  take  notice  of  [and  not]  let  me  fall  into  any 
broke  of  the  house,  for  may  it  [please  your  Worships]  to  under- 
stand that  for  the  space  of  15  or  16  [years  I]  have  been  very 
little  or  no  time  at  all  in  England,  my  employments  being  still  in 
foreign  parts  ;  and  it  is  now  almost  [  ]  years  past  since 

my  last  departure  out  of  England  in  the  Clove  of  London,  under 
the  command  of  Captain  John  Saris  our  [General] ,  where  we 
passed  a  most  long  and  tedious  voyage  of  almost  three  years, 
doubling  the  Cape  Bona  Speranza  and  coming  along  the  southern 
parts  of  Ethiopia,  entering  in  [the  Red  Sea  ?]  and  visiting  other 
islands  and  places  along   [  ]    Cambaia  and    India, 

till  we  arrived  at  Bantam,  and  from  thence  went  and  visited 
[  ]  islands  of  Molucos,  and  so  took  [our  course  for 

the  ?]    mighty  empire   of  Japan,  arriving    [  ]    the 

1 2th  day  of  June  1613  [  ] .     Large  privileges  of  the 

Emperor  [  ]  all  parts  of  his  dominions,  with  promise 

[  ]  further  discovery  to  the  northwards  [  ].    The 

Dutch  arrived  here  some  three  years  before  [and  obtained  ?]  the 
like  privileges,  they  being  assisted  [therein  by  William  ?]  Adams, 
an  Englishman  who  hath  remained  [  ]  in  these  parts  and 

now  is  entertained  into  the  [service  of  the]  right  worshipful 
Company  of  English  Merchants  trading  [into  the]  Indies,  etc. 
Also  may  it  please  your  Worships  to  understand  that  of  late  the 
Emperor  of  Japan  hath  banished  all  [Jesuits],  priests,  friars  and 
nuns  out  of  his  whole  dominions  of  Japan,  shipping  them  away 
some  for  Amacan  (Macao)  in  China  (where  it  is  said  they  will 
have  but  cold  entertainment)  and  the  rest  for  the  Manillias  or 
Phillippinas,   and  hath  pulled  down  and   [  ]    all   their 

monasteries  and  churches.  They  lay  the  fault  of  this  [ 
or  alteration  in  the  arrival  of  our  nation  in  these  parts,  though  it 
is  well  known  their  own  merits  and  bad  behaviour  [are  the]  chief 
occasion  thereof.  Once  gone  they  are,  and  many  here  nothing 
sorrow  thereat  etc.  At  present  here  is  [rumours  of?]  wars  in 
Japan  betwixt   Ogusho    Same,    the    Emperor    [  ]    and 

Fidaia  Same,  the  son  of  Ticus  Same  [the  deceased  Emperor  ?] , 
Fidaia  Same  the  young  prince  being  strongly  [  ]  or 

fortress  of  Osekey  with  80,000  or  100,000  [  ]  come 


222  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

of  it  in  the  end  God  He  knoweth  [  ]  other  is  in 

person  [  ]   an  army  of  300,000  men.      I   know  not 

what  else  [  ]  advise  your  Worships  of,  and  leave  you 

with  all  your  [affairs  to  the]  holy  protection  of  the  Almighty  etc. 
From  the  [English  ?]  house  at  Firando  in  Japan,  the  10th  of 
December,  1614. 

Your  Worships'  most  humble  servant  at  command, 

Ric.  Cocks. 

Inclosed  I  send  your  Worships  a  Japan  almanac  whereby  you 
may  see  their  order  of  printing,  letters  and  characters,  and  how 
they  divide  the  year  into  twelve  months. 


203 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham,  aboard  the  Sea  Adventure, 

at  Cochi  in  Firando. 

Firando,  in  Japan,  the  10th  December,  1614. 

R.  WICKHAM,  I  perceive  per  the  words  of  Captain 
Adams  that  he  is  sorry  he  was  mistaken  in  advising  or 
writing  against  you  as  he  did  the  other  day.  He  tells 
me  you  and  he  are  very  good  friends  and  drank  to- 
gether this  morning.  I  am  heartily  glad  it  is  so  and  hope  it  will 
continue,  or  that  you  for  your  part  will  give  no  occasion  to  the 
contrary.  I  think  this  cold  weather  will  bring  in  a  northerly  wind, 
which  God  grant.  I  pray  you  commend  me  to  Signor  Ed.  Sayer, 
Signor  John  de  Ocanano  and  the  rest  of  our  friends,  and  so  rest 
always, 

Your  loving  friend  at  command, 

Ric.  Cocks. 
I  understand  Mr.  Eaton 
is  well  received  and  spoke 
to  Fidaia  Same  before  he  went 
to  Sackay,  who  used  him  kindly. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


223 


204 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham,  aboard  the 

Sea  Adventure,  at  Cochi  in  Firando. 

Firando  in  Japan,  the  10th  December,  1614. 

R  WICKHAM,  I  thought  you  and  Ed.  Sayer  would 
have  come  to  dinner,  as  I  expected  Captain  Adams 
would  have  done  the  like ;  but  your  host  came  and  told 
me  that  foul  weather  stayed  you.  I  send  John  Phebe 
with  a  little  fresh  fish  for  you  and  Captain  Adams,  and  did  think 
to  have  come  myself,  but  that  I  am  now  writing  to  my  country- 
man Eaton,  and  think  the  way  is  foul  if  I  should  have  come  to 
you  per  land.  Commend  me  to  Ed.  Sayer,  Signors  John  and 
Damian.     And  so  I  rest 

Your  loving  friend  at  command, 

Ric.  Cocks. 


205 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham,  aboard  the  Sea  Adventure, 
at  Cochi  in  Firando. 

Firando  in  Japan,  the  12th  December,  1614. 

R.  WICKHAM,  Captain  Adams  writes  me  he  was  your 
guest  at  supper  ashore.  I  wish  many  such  meetings 
may  be,  as  well  aboard,  which  would  give  me  much 
content,  and  so  have  I  writ  him.  I  send  30  loaves 
fresh  bread  by  John  Japan,  15  for  you  and  Ed.  Sayer  and  15  for 
Captain  Adams ;  also  two  great  sacks  rice  by  John  Japan  for 
you  ;  and  I  sent  22  great  sacks  rice  before  to  Captain  Adams,  for 
that  he  said  the  long  stay  of  the  junk  caused  the  company  to 
desire  it,  of  which  you  may  take  notice.  I  hope  the  wind  will 
be  good  in  the  morning,  at  which  time  the  Holland  ship  meaneth 


224  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

to  come  out,  and  God  willing  I  will  come  and  see  you  in  her,  if 
you  be  not  gone  out  before.  Commend  me  to  all  good  friends  in 
general,  and  the  Lord  send  you  a  prosperous  voyage  and  safe 
return.     Amen. 

Your  very  loving  friend  at  command, 

Ric.  Cocks. 


206 

A  remembrance  to  be  done  per  my  good  friend 
Wm.  Biddulph,  viz. : 

M  PRIM  IS,  to  call  for  these  things  out  of  the  Custom 
house : 

One  damask  piece  5  foot  long,  which  is  in  a  black 
case  pinned  with  fourpenny  nails. 
More,  1  dozen  of  white  hafted  knives  of  12s.  per  dozen. 
More,  2  pair  of  knives  of  4s.  6d.  p  [erj  p  [air] . 
More,  1  knife  of  2s.  6d. 

Entered  in  the  name  of  Tho.  King  these  abovesaid. 
More,  2  damask  guns  long. 

More,  6  sword  blades  with  scabbards  to  them,  bound  up  in  a 
white  woollen  cloth. 

More,  5  pair  fine  hafted  knives. 

More,  4  sword  blades  wrapped  in  two  linen  pieces  of  cloth 
next  the  hilt  bound  with  thread. 

Per  these  marks  you  may  know  all  those  things  that  remain 
in  the  Custom  house,  and    do  with   them    hereafter  as  I   shall 
write  you  more  at  large  from  Borocha. 
More,  1  suit  of  apparel  not  yet  finished. 

Your  friend  to  use, 

John  Oxwicke. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  225 

Wm.  Biddulph  to  John  Oxwicke  in  Barocha. 
Laus  Deo.    In  [Surat]  the  12th  of  December,  1614. 

OOD  Mr.  Oxwicke,  Yours  of  the  7th  I  have  received, 
perceiving  thereby  you  were  informed  by  Mr.  Ald- 
worthe  and  Mr.  Dodsworth  that  your  things  were  out 
of  the  Custom-house,  which  is  altogether  unknown  to 
me,  having  demanded  them  of  the  Customer  many  times,  but  as 
yet  they  would  not  be  at  leisure  to  deliver  them.  Howsoever  I 
will  not  rest  until  I  have  got  them  out  of  their  hands,  but,  for  the 
sending  of  them  to  you,  without  can  find  good  company  will  let 
them  rest  here,  for  the  way  is  very  dangerous.  For  the  tailors, 
have  moved  them  oft  to  come  to  you  ;  but  they  answer  they  are 
not  used  to  travel  so  far  afoot,  and  indeed  the  most  and  best  are 
at  present  aboard  the  General.  Your  suit  of  apparel  is  finished, 
and  so  I  will  do  with  that  and  the  rest  of  your  things  when  they 
come  into  my  hands  according  as  you  shall  give  order  in  your 
next,  the  way  being  very  dangerous  without  good  company.  Thus 
not  remembering  further  at  present,  but  pray  you  excuse  me  in 
not  writing  oftener  unto  you,  but,  God  willing,  as  occasion  is 
offered  I  shall  be  bold  to  trouble  you.  Praying  for  your  health 
and  to  bless  and  prosper  all  you  take  in  hand,  with  my  hearty 
love  to  yourself,  I  commit  you  to  the  protection  of  the  Almighty 
and  rest 

Your  loving  friend  to  command, 

Wm.  Biddulph. 


207 

Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxwicke  in  Baroch. 
Laus  Deo.     In  Surrat,  the  14th  December,  1614. 

OVING  friend  Mr.  Oxwicke,  Hearty  commendations, 
with  desire  of  your  health  etc.  My  last  unto  you  was 
by  the  Nabob's  peon,  by  whom  according  to  your 
order  I  sent  you  ten  crooked  sword  blades,  z\  covads 
stammel  and  2^  covads  Venice  red,  not  having  any  of  that  colour 
you  sent  the  muster  of;    the  same  I  hope  to  come  unto  your 

Y  1268.  o 


226  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

hands  in  safety.  Two  days  past  I  sent  you  a  letter  from  our 
General  by  Mr.  Biddulph's  conveyance,  wherein  I  doubt  not  but 
he  hath  writ  his  mind  touching  your  proceedings  there,  our  hopes 
now  being  that  you  are  in  some  good  forwardness  with  that 
business,  whereof  we  do  long  to  hear ;  but  if  you  should  find 
them  still  to  hold  up  their  commodities  at  extraordinary  rates,  as 
our  General's  opinion  is,  so  I  think  it  were  very  fitting  you  made 
some  certain  semblance  of  coming  away,  whereby  the  sooner  to 
bring  them  to  reason.  For  such  moneys  as  Mr.  Edwards  gave 
order  to  furnish  you  withal,  whensoever  you  charge  me  withal, 
your  bills  shall  be  paid  at  sight.  Yesterday  we  received  letters 
from  Mr.  Thomas  Keridge  from  Agemer  and  therewith  a  letter 
from  the  Mogul  to  Mocrob  Chan,  but  not  to  that  effect  we 
expected,  which  was  for  our  better  usage,  which  would  not  be 
granted  for  that  Mocrob  Chan  had  not  written  of  our  arrival,  this 
letter  being  for  the  sending  up  of  the  present  without  seeing  of  it. 
So  that  we  stand  in  some  doubt,  were  it  not  that  we  fear  it  is  too 
publicly  known  that  a  letter  is  come  unto  us,  whether  to  deliver 
it  or  no,  for  that  we  think  it  will  rather  increase  his  spleen  unto 
us,  for  that  he  will  suppose  it  was  of  our  procuring,  and  good 
none  at  all  it  can  do,  in  regard  what  hath  passed  concerning  the 
present  and  that  it  is  gone,  as  our  General  shall  advise,  to  whom 
Mr.  Keridge  his  letters  are  directed.  I  will  proceed.  For  sales 
we  find  them  very  slow  ;  no  great  inquiry  made  after  anything. 
Our  lead,  quicksilver  and  vermilion  we  will  now  hasten  hither 
and  then  shall  see  what  the  time  will  bring  forth.  God  grant  we 
may  find  it  to  content.  Thus,  with  my  hearty  commendations  to 
Mr.  Bayly  Ball  with  Esay  Butt,  I  commit  you  to  God's  holy 
protection  and  rest 

Your  loving  friend, 

Thomas  Elkington. 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


227 


208 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham,  aboard  the  Sea  Adventure, 
at  Cochi  in  Firando. 

Firando  in  Japan,  the  15th  of  December,  1614. 
R.  WICKHAM,  I  walked  yesterday  in  the  afternoon  to 
your  lodging  at  Cochi,  according  as  I  informed  you  in 
my  letter  per  John  Phebe  I  would  do,  but  found  you 
were  removed  to  the  place  where  the  junk  is.  So  I 
returned  back,  but  sent  Simon  our  juribasso  to  you  with  a  dozen 
of  bread  to  be  parted  betwixt  you  and  Captain  Adams.  I  make 
John  Phebe  did  deliver  you  the  two  fishes  and  letter  I  wrote  you 
yesterday.  He  is  now  grown  stately  and  will  not  serve  in  the 
English  house  for  comprador ;  so  he  and  I  are  parted.  God 
speed  him  well  etc.  If  the  wind  be  out  of  the  way,  I  would  be 
glad  of  your  company  with  Signor  Ed.  Sayer  and  Signor  John 
Ocanano.  Signor  Damian  is  here  looking  out  for  a  caffro  which  is 
run  from  his  master  ;  he  cannot  choose  but  meet  with  him,  for  he 
was  in  this  house  yesterday  and  is  in  town.  I  know  not  what 
else  to  write,  but  end  with  hearty  commendations  to  yourself  and 
the  rest,  resting 

Your  loving  friend  at  command, 

Ric.  Cocks. 


209 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham,  aboard  the  Sea  Adventure, 
at  Cochi  in  Firando. 

Firando,  in  Japan,  the  15th  December,  1614. 

R.  WICKHAM,  Your  letter  dated  this  day  I  have  re- 
ceived with  your  barrel  morofaco,  for  which  I  give  you 
thanks.  I  am  sorry  it  was  not  my  fortune  to  have 
met  you  yesterday  at  Cochi.  I  do  not  marvel  that 
that  fool,  John  Japan,  playeth  the  ass,  for  I  always  esteemed  him 
a  simple  fellow.     He  is  not  here,  for  I  have  sent  out  to  look  for 

Q  2 


228  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

him  ;  and  as  I  am  given  to  understand  he  is  gone  in  a  bark  for 
sea.  So  I  think  he  is  gone  for  Langasaque.  If  any  man  have 
played  the  fool  it  is  I  in  trusting  him  too  much.  The  Spaniards 
have  laid  hands  on  the  caffro  and  so  may  you  tell  Signor  Damian, 
if  he  be  not  come  away  before  this  come  to  your  hands.  George 
our  caffro  saw  him  when  he  was  taken.  I  have  done  your  com- 
mendations to  Mr.  Nealson.  I  make  no  doubt  but  Damian 
delivered  you  the  letter  I  sent  you  this  day.  That  knave  Simon 
the  caffro  is  not  he  I  took  him  for.  When  he  was  sick  I  bade  my 
boy  lend  him  a  warm  kerimon  to  walk  up  and  down  in  till  he  was 
well,  but  he  gave  it  to  a  whore  in  this  street,  on  whose  back  my 
boy  espying  it  took  possession.  .  I  also  gave  him  a  Surat  coat  of 
allejas  Amad  [avad]  which  I  saw  upon  the  back  of  a  Japan  at 
our  door  this  day.  In  fine  he  is  a  knave  and  better  lost  than 
found.  I  have  bought  a  parcel  of  live  freshwater  fish,  which  I 
mean  to  send  to  you  and  Captain  Adams  per  first  conveyance ; 
unto  whom  I  pray  commend  me  if  he  be  not  come  for  Firando, 
as  I  think  he  is.  And  so  with  hearty  commendations  in  general 
I  leave  you  to  the  holy  protection  of  the  Almighty. 

Your  loving  friend  at  command, 

Ric.  Cocks. 


210 

Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxwicke  and  Christopher  Farewell. 
Laus  Deo.     In  Surrat,  the  16th  December,  1614. 

j|0VING  friends,  Hearty  commendations,  with  desire  of 
your  healths  and  continuance  thereof  etc.  My  last  to 
you,  Mr.  Oxwicke,  was  of  the  14th  present  wherein  I 
writ  as  cause  served,  to  which  do  refer  me  ;  since 
which  I  have  received  two  of  yours,  one  of  the  13th  from  Gagara 
(Gajera,  near  Jambusar)  and  one  of  the  15th  from  Baroch,  with 
one  from  you,  Mr.  Farewell,  of  the  same  date,  with  letters  from 
our  friends  which  you  left  at  Brothera,  being  very  glad  to  hear  of 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  329 

their  safe  arrival  there,  hoping  that  [  .  .  .  .  before  ?]  this  they 
are  arrived  at  Amad  [avad  .  .  .  .  ]  indigo,  which  being  good 
[  ]  had  been  more  ;  but  Mr.  Edwards  having  advised  you 

to  withhold  it  must  be  followed,  and  so  you  did  intend,  and  to  em- 
ploy yourselves  [in]  the  buying  of  the  baftas,  wherein  you  do  well 
to  use  all  good  stratagems  to  bring  those  crafty  people  to  some 
[  ] .     Yet  I  hope  ere  this  you  have  made  some  entrance 

[  ] .     And  for  the  moneys  Mr.  Edwards  hath  ordered 

you  should  charge  [me  ?]  withal,  as  formerly  I  have  writ,  you 
may  do  it  whensoever  or  how  much  thereof  you  please,  and  your 
bills,  God  willing,  shall  be  paid  at  sight.  The  cloth  and  sword- 
blades  sent  per  the  Nabob's  peon  I  [now  ?]  understand  you  have 
received  the  same.  For  the  cloth  I  writ  you  not  the  price 
thereof,  for  that  I  thought  it  had  been  given  per  Mr.  Edwards. 
As  yet  we  have  sold  not  so  much  as  a  covad  of  any  cloth,  but 
our  order  is  for  the  stametts  at  25  mamoodies  the  covad  and  the 
red  22^  mamoodies,  the  covad  of  this  place  being  a  yard  within 
an  inch  ;  and  that  measure  we  have  sent  you,  doubting  whether 
that  of  Baroche  be  so  large  or  not.  And  as  for  the  sword  blades, 
as  I  writ  you  we  sell  not  the  worst  here  for  less  than  40  ma- 
moodies. Notwithstanding,  being  such  a  trifle,  knowing  better 
than  myself  the  Nabob's  pleasure  done  to  Mr.  Edwards  and  what 
more  he  may  do  unto  you,  may  [decide  ?]  what  you  shall  see 
most  [  ]  not  to  expect  a  price  to  be  set  [  ] 

business  to  your  [  ] . 

We  here  have  news  that    [  ]    Portugal  frigates  have 

been  at  Goga  and  there  burned  120  ships  whereof  ten  great,  the 
Remew  being  one  of  them,  and  so  are  gone  to  some  other  place. 
The  people  here  are  in  very  great  fear  of  them  and  have  re- 
quested our  General  to  ride  at  the  bar  with  two  of  his  ships,  to 
whom  I  have  writ  thereof,  and  I  think  he  will  do  it.  Thus,  not 
having  others  at  present,  I  commit  you  and  your  affairs  to  the 
protection  of  the  Almighty,  resting 

Your  loving  friend, 

Thomas  Elkington. 


230 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


211 

Richard  Cocks  to  Richard  Wickham,  aboard 

the  Sea  Adventure,  at  Cochi  in  Firando. 

Firando  in  Japan,  the   16th  of  December,   1614. 

R.  WICKHAM,  Your  answer  of  my  letter  sent  per 
Martin  I  have  received,  perceiving  how  the  hobgoblin 
led  John  Japan  through  the  mountains  but  I  rather 
take  it  to  be  his  drunken  nole,  etc.  I  wrote  you  yester- 
day how  the  Spaniards  had  laid  hands  on  the  caffro,  which  is 
true  ;  but  presently  the  king's  brother  sent  for  him  and  caused 
him  to  be  brought  to  his  house  and  that  the  Spaniards  should 
attend  his  brother's  pleasure  until  he  returned  from  hunting. 
They  came  to  me  (I  mean  the  Spaniards)  to  crave  my  assistance 
in  the  matter.  I  told  them  I  was  a  stranger  as  they  were ;  yet  at 
their  request  I  went  to  Oyendono  and  asked  his  opinion,  but  he 
resteth  doubtful  of  the  matter.  The  reason  is  as  he  told  me 
because  the  Spaniards  carried  away  our  men  the  last  year,  not- 
withstanding the  king  of  this  place  wrote  them  and  desired  the 
contrary,  as  Safiandono  did  the  like,  so  it  seems  they  mean  to  use 
the  same  measure  to  them.  It  is  said  the  king  meaneth  to 
muster  all  his  soldiers  in  barks  by  water  this  day  and  make  a 
great  show.  I  wish  you  were  here  to  see  it  and  eat  your  part  of  a 
neat's  tongue  to  dinner.  I  know  not  what  else  to  write  but  desire 
the  two  buckets  the  fresh  fish  went  yesternight  in  may  be  re- 
turned. And  so  with  hearty  commendations  to  you  and  the  rest, 
I  rest  and  remain 

Your  loving  friend  at  command, 

Ric.  Cocks. 


212 

ERONIMO    DE    VARRADA,    at    Nangasaki,   to    the 
English  at  Firando,  Dec.  ^f ,  1614.     (In  Portuguese.) 
[Missing.} 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  231 

213 

Raphe  Preston  to  John  Oxwicke  in  Barroch. 
From  Amedever  (Ahmedabad),  the  17th  December,  1614. 

JR.  OXWICKE,  My  kindest  salutes,  with  desire  of  your 
health,  etc.  Your  letter  received  with  thanks  for 
your  kind  remembrance,  wherein  I  wish  requivolence. 
Whereas  you  made  account  that  Mr.  Sandcrofte  and 
myself  was  at  Brodra,  for  that  there  was  none  of  that  commodity 
which  was  aimed  at,  as  gumlac,  it  was  thought  fitting  not  to 
leave  any  there,  as  Mr.  Farewell  our  friend  can  inform  you  if  he 
have  not  already.  For  the  news  in  these  parts,  such  as  they  be, 
understand  briefly:  for  indigo,  here  is  great  store  and  cheap, 
being  offered  the  same  for  lod.  the  seer  the  best :  but  as  yet  have 
gone  through  for  none,  but  purpose  very  speedily  to  make  a 
partido  for  a  great  quantity ;  and  here  baftas  are  reasonable,  but 
for  anything  I  know  they  are  minded  to  proceed  in  that  place. 
Some  two  days  hence  our  friends  go  for  Cambia,  whither  I  should 
have  gone  had  not  an  accident  happened,  which  I  have  touched 
on  at  large  in  my  letter  to  Mr.  Farewell,  which  party,  good  Mr. 
Oxwicke,  understand  aright.  [He]  is  one  that  I  dare  assume  is 
no  haggard  to  prey  upon  carrion.  Mistake  me  not ;  my  meaning 
is  he  will  not  seek  his  own  where  it  tends  to  the  disgrace  of 
another.  You  are  both  wise  and  both,  I  hope,  will  understand 
yourselves.  Oppositions  have  been  always  and  will  still  be.  You 
are  not  alone,  you  have  partners  to  sympathize  with  you.  Rest 
assured  all  will  be  for  the  best,  and  calumniators  will  one  day  be 
made  manifest.  Well,  I  leave  them  in  the  meantime  to  God  and 
in  the  meantime  wish  patience ;  and  rest  with  my  best  well 
wishes  to  you  both  and  end, 

Your  loving  friend, 

Raphe  Preston. 

Pray  you  commend  me  to  Mr.  Ball, 
Esay  Butt  and  John  your  lad. 


232 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


214 

Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxwicke  in  Barochc. 

Surrat,  this  17th  January,  1614. 

R.  OXWICKE,  I  heartily  commend  me  unto  you,  etc. 
Yesterday,  by  one  of  our  peons  that  went  with  18 
fardles  cloth  and  4  cases  bottles  for  Amadavar,  I  wrote 
you  a  few  lines  and  by  him  sent  you  sealed  in  a  piece 
of  canvas  87  mamoodies  10  pice  for  our  General.  After  which  I 
received  yours  per  Bamond  of  the  15th  present,  wherein  you 
write  to  have  sent  from  hence  some  of  our  packers,  which  after 
much  ado  I  procured  and  have  sent  you  six.  They  are  very  un- 
willing to  come,  fearing  they  shall  not  be  permitted  to  work 
there  ;  if  so  I  was  forced  to  promise  them  they  should  be  paid  for 
their  going  and  coming.  And  for  that  they  have  no  house  or 
friends  there,  they  desire  they  may  lie  in  yours.    Thus  for  present 

God  keep  you. 

Your  loving  friend, 

Tho.  Elkington. 


215 

A  remembrance  given  to  my  good  friend  Christopher  Farewell  for 
Baroch,  the  19th  of  December,  1614,  in  Brothera  [by  Thos. 
Mitford?]. 

OVING  Friend  Christopher,  at  your  coming  to  Baroch, 
whither  God  send  you  in  safety,  I  pray  you  deliver 
to  Mr.  John  Oxwicke  the  letters  which  you  carry  for 
him,  the  contents  importing  principally  that  whereas 
the  business  being  of  import  and  little  assistance  there  for  the 
performance  of  the  same  it  is  thought  fit  that  yourself  should 
equally  be  joined  with  him  in  the  performance  thereof,  which  I 
desire  you  would  do  with  all  carefulness  for  your  own  credit  and 
the  general  good,  and  that  you  both  run  in  the  same  in  an  equal 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  233 

yoke  of  friendship,  which  will  be  a  principal  furtherance  to  the 
business.  You  carry  with  you  a  muster  of  calicoes  of  three  sorts 
with  their  prices,  as  they  are  here  to  be  had ;  but  for  that  we 
esteem  them  dear,  and  that  the  great  plenty  of  them  in  all  parts 
of  this  country  gives  hopes  of  better  pennyworths,  you  shall  do 
well  to  be  very  careful  in  your  buying,  for  thereby  much  may  be 
advanced.  But  for  that  the  time  is  short  and  we  subject  thereto, 
you  must  proceed  the  best  you  may,  of  these  sorts  which  you 
carry  with  you.  We  have  bought  none  but  those  sorts,  expecting 
advice  from  you  by  every  occasion,  and  accordingly  Mr.  Ald- 
worthe  at  his  return  from  Amadavar  will  buy  or  leave  in  this 
place.  For  indigo  I  wish  you  forbear  to  buy  till  Mr.  Aldworthe 
further  advise  you  from  Amadavar,  for  that  it  is  hoped  it  will  be 
found  better  cheap  than  the  musters  that  we  saw  at  Baroche. 


2l6 

[Richard  Wickham]  to  Richard  Cocks  in  Firando. 

Oxima  (Amami  Oosima,  one  of  the  Liu-Kiu  Islands),  December 

the  23rd,  1614. 

|OVING  Friend  Mr.  Cocks,  My  heartiest  commenda- 
tions remembered,  etc.  Having  a  fair  gale  at  N.N.E. 
on  Saturday,  the  17th  ditto,  we  set  sail  from  the  road 
of  Cochin  (Cochi)  with  fair  weather  all  the  same  day ; 
but  all  the  same  night  we  had  much  lightning  with  much  wind, 
and  the  next  day  very  foul  weather  so  that  we  could  not  bear 
much  sail,  being  seven  leagues  to  the  southward  of  Mexma 
(Me-sima).  This  morning  our  [  ?  ]  Firando  leaks  began  to  in- 
crease, so  that  this  day  and  the  whole  night  following  the  Japan 
men  never  left  pumping  and  bailing  in  many  places  or  petackas  of 
the  hold.  The  19th  the  storm  increased  so  that  we  all  doubted 
to  see  any  more  land,  our  leaky  junk  having  almost  tired  the 
most  part  of  the  mariners  labouring  to  heave  out  and  pump  the 
water  continually,  which  struck  the   merchants   and   other   idle 


234  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

passengers  into  such  a  fear  that  they  began  to  murmur  and 
mutiny,  saying  that  we  had  brought  them  out  in  a  rotten  junk  to 
drown  them ;  and  so  they  all  agreeing  with  the  mariners  came  the 
next  morning  unto  Captain  Adams  and  afterwards  unto  me,  saying 
that  if  we  would  not  stand  with  some  of  the  Lequeos  that  they 
would  not  pump  a  stroke,  being,  as  they  said  and  so  I  do  well 
know,  all  extremely  laboured  and  tired  so  that  to  hold  on  our 
course  for  the  coast  of  China  they  would  never  agree  thereunto, 
although  both  by  Captain  Adams'  reckoning  and  mine,  as  we  told 
them,  we  were  neither  of  us  30  leagues  off  the  coast  of  China. 
And  at  that  present  the  wind  veering  to  the  northwest  so  that  we 
could  not  lie  our  course,  and  seeing  ourselves  in  extreme  peril  of 
death  if  that  our  leaks  should  increase  never  so  little  more,  having 
now  not  above  15  men,  being  the  officers,  which  could  stand  upon 
their  legs,  the  rest  being  either  sea-sick  or  almost  dead  with 
labour  ;  so  that  the  20th  about  10  of  the  morning  we  stayed  our 
course  for  the  Lequeo  Grande,  having  by  observation  at  noon,  as 
near  as  the  weather  would  give  leave,  290  25',  and  per  Captain 
Adams  280  57' ;  and  so  steering  east  and  by  south  and  east  some- 
times, our  men  bailing  and  pumping  night  and  day,  and  much  ado 
we  had  to  seek  some  of  the  leaks  within  board ;  some  few  places 
notwithstanding  the  foul  weather  we  stopped,  yet  by  no  means 
could  free  her.  And  the  22nd  by  the  break  of  day  it  pleased  God 
that  we  had  sight  of  the  island  of  Fuego  alias  Javea  with  other 
two  small  islands  adjoining,  and  within  half  an  hour  after  we 
had  sight  of  the  island  of  Oxima,  9  leagues  to  the  southwestward 
of  Fogo  and  also  of  divers  other  small  islands  to  the  southwards 
of  Oxima  or  Oshima,  being  the  northernmost  of  the  Lequeo 
Islands.  On  the  northwest  side  of  this  island  of  Oxima  we  came 
to  an  anchor  this  evening  in  a  very  fair  harbour,  where  the 
Governor  and  others  came  aboard  and  promised  us  all  the  friend- 
ship that  the  place  afforded,  upon  whom  we  bestowed  a  langanatt 
or  pike.  But  he  hath  advised  us  to  go  for  Nafe  (Nafa),  being  the 
chief  harbour  on  the  island  of  Lequeo  Grande  (Okinawa-sima), 
where  the  king  is  resident,  and  there  God  willing  we  make 
account  to  stop  our  leaks,  chiefly  by  bringing  our  ship  on  ground, 
which  otherwise  we  cannot  possibly  accomplish  without  apparent 
hazard  of  all.     The  time  and  winds  we  have  lost  doth  grieve  me 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  235 

to  write  of,  through  the  unfortunate  proof  of  our  leaky  ship.  I 
am  sorry  I  was  not  worthy  to  be  a  help  to  have  prevented  so 
great  a  hindrance,  nevertheless,  God  most  merciful,  that  hath 
delivered  us  out  of  this  danger  which  we  have  passed,  will  still 
help  us  and  further  us  in  our  proceedings ;  so  that  I  trust  within 
this  month  or  less  we  shall  be  ready  to  proceed  upon  our  voyage 
again,  which  God  willing  we  purpose  to  attempt  about  the  fine  of 
January,  if  wind  and  weather  serve.  There  hath  been  a  China 
junk  lately  cast  away  which  came  from  Satchma  (Satsuma)  and 
bound  for  Nanguin  (Nanking).  There  is  also  one  other  arrived 
on  some  part  of  this  island,  which  likewise  this  year  departed 
from  Nangasaque  or  Satchma  for  the  coast  of  China,  and 
determineth  within  few  days  to  go  to  Nafe  on  the  Lequeo  Grande, 
whither,  God  willing,  we  determine  to  go  unto,  for  we  cannot 
effect  our  purpose  in  this  place.     The  [  ]  more  than 

you  did  expect,  but  now  there  is  no  remedy  but  patience  for  all 
[  ] .     For  my  part  my  best  endeavours  shall  not  be 

wanting  to  help  what  [  ] .      If  I   see   likelihood  of 

conveyance  I  will  write  you  of  our  proceedings ;  until  which  time 
I  most  heartily  commit  you  and  all  your  [  ]  blessing 

of  the  Almighty  God,  the  giver  of  all  prosperity  and  happy 
success,  desiring  you  to  commend  me  to  Mr.  Eaton  and  to  our 
friend  Mr.  Nealson,  with  the    [  ]  Firando.     And  so 

for  the  present  I  rest 

Your  loving  friend  to  command, 

[Richard  Wickham] . 

P.S. — The  bearer  hereof  is  the  Governor  of  this  island,  being 
within  these  two  months  bound  for  Satchma,  and  hath  promised 
conveyance  of  our  letters,  for  he  is  vassal  unto  the  [  ] , 

as  also  those  of  Lequeo  Islands  are.  These  people  do  much 
resemble  the  Chinese  yet  [speak  ?]  the  Japan  tongue,  although 
with  difficulty  to  be  understood  of  the  Japans.  They  wear 
[their]  hair  long,  bound  up  like  the  Chinese,  with  a  bodkin 
thrust  through,  but  it  is  made  up  [on  the]  right  side  of  their 
heads  ;  and  are  a  very  gentle  and  courteous  people. 

Yours, 

Ric.  [Wickham]. 


236  ;t  is- ma  c  s  records 

217 

Thomas  Mitford  to  Sir  Thomas  Smith,  Governor,  And  the 

Committees  of  the  Last  Irulia  Company. 

giGHT  Worshipful, 

Mv   service    remember*  !.     Being  arrived  in  • 
Indian  country  in  good  safety  with  the  loss  of 

few  men  in  our  fleet,  whereof  two  m<  1 
Mr.    Emsworth    and    Timothy    Wood,    for    which  the  Almighty 
make  us  ever  thankful,  amongst  many  others  I  thought  it 

unfit   to  certify  you  of  our  proceedings    here   since   our 
in  the  country. 

The  14th  of  October,  1614,  we  arrived  in  the  road  <>f  Swally, 
where  our  General  sent  an 

Surrat  of  our  arrival   and    to    request    the   principal  of  thei 
come  aboard  our  ships  to  advise  us  of  the  state  and  condition  of 
the  country,  and  in  what  safety  we  might  land  OUT  goods, 
what  store  of  commodities  were  fitting  for  our  country,  with  their 
prices. 

The  16th  Mr.  Thomas  Aldwurthe  came  aboard  and 
that  the  countries  within  themselves  .  only  at  \ 

with  the  Portingals  ;  our  safeties  there  not  to  be  doubted,  all 
former  matters  being  concluded  and  ended  ;  and  for  buyio 
commodities  we  could  not  have  come  in  a  more  tit  time,  by 
reason  of  the  wars  betwixt  the  Portingals  and  the  Indians,  which 
had  continued  for  these  two  years  past,  so  that  tlv 
very  little  or  no  commodities  transported  by  sea.  Mr.  Aldworthe 
likewise  acquainted  us  of  the  death  of  Paul  Canning  and 
that  of  necessity  one  must  reside  at  Agra,  both  f<>r  holding 
respondency  with  the  Mogore  as  for  the  buying  of  commodities 
at  certain  times  of  the  year;  and  therefore  at  a  Council  holden 
the  iSth  of  October,  Mr.  William  Edwards  was  made  choice  of 
to  reside  at  Agra  with  seven  other  merchants,  and  Mr.  Thomas 
Aldworthe  to  remain  principal  at  Surrat  with  the  rest  of  the 
merchants.  And  having  so  disposed  of  the  factories  we  made  all 
haste  that  could  be  for  the  landing  of  our  goods,  that  we  might 
proceed  about  our  business  for  the  lading  one  ship  or  more  for 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  237 

England,  as  well  for  your  encouragement  in  proceeding  here  as 
to  give  you  notice  of  a  port  in  Percia  called  Jascas,  lying  betwixt 
Sinde    and    Ormouce    in    the   latitude   of    26°,   where    ships    of 
great  burthen  may  very  well  come  unto  ;  and  therefore  if  you  will 
send  shipping  thither  no   question   but  you    may  have  a  trade 
settled  there,  which  will   be   very  commodious   if  God   give   a 
blessing   unto  it.      For  I  have  been    informed    by  many  (espe- 
cially by  one  Richard  Steel,  merchant,  who  came  from  Aleppo  to 
Spahan  in  Percia  and  so  into  India,  with  one  John  Midnall,  who 
died  at  the  Mogore's  court,  and  that  by  means  of  the  said  Steel 
all  his   goods   and    moneys    are    in    deposito    in   the    Mogore's 
treasurer's  hands,  which  amount  unto  five  or  six  hundred  pounds, 
to  make  good  the  rest  of  an  account  due  unto  Mr.  Leat,  Mr. 
Abbot  and  others  that  were  interested  in  his  Percian  voyage), 
that    Percia  will   vent   five   hundred   cloths   and   one   thousand 
kerseys,  Agam  colours,  per  annum  to  very  great  profit,  besides  tin 
in  bars,  lead,  iron,  cony  skins,  fitches  and  other  commodities  of 
the  like  sorts,  for  the   Percian  country  is  so  cold  that  for  six 
months  in  the  year  they  wear   cloth;    and  also  there  is  divers 
commodities  of  India  will  give  great  profit  there.     Upon  which 
encouragements,   by  a   general   consent   of  a   council,  we   have 
entertained  the  said  Richard  Steel  in  your  sen-ice  to  come  home 
through  Percia  again  for  better  discovering  of  the  country,  and 
have  given  him  only  money  to  bear  his  charges.     More  he  did 
not  require,  but  doth  wholly  refer  himself  unto  you  for  a  reward 
when  his  labour   of  discovery  shall   be    shewn.     We  have  also 
appointed  John  Crouther  to  go  along  with  him  to  Spahan  and 
then  to  return  to  us  again  for  our  better  instruction  of  Indian 
commodities  vendible  in   those  parts  ;    but  if  either  should  die 
before  their  coming  to  Spahan  then  is  the  other  to  proceed  for 

England. 

At  our  landing  at  Surrat  we  stood  betwixt  hope  and  despair 
for  the  space  of  a  month  whether  we  should  proceed  in  these 
countries  or  no,  for  by  Mocrob  Chan,  chief  governor  of  Surat, 
we  had  many  wrongs  done  us,  ourselves  stayed  so  that  we  could 
have  no  recourse  to  our  ships,  our  goods  taken  and  used  at  his 
pleasure,  our  arms  that  we  brought  for  our  defence  taken  from  us, 
and  forced  us  to  show  the  king's  presents,  which  formerly  we  had 


238  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

certified  to  the  court  should  not  be  seen  until  they  were  ; 
to  the  Mogore  (only  to  make  us  break  promise,  to  bring  us  in 
disgrace  with  the  Emperor),  and   so  with  delays  and  by  I 
kept  us  in  Surrat  from  proceeding  about  our  businesses  until  the 

last  of  November;    and  then    with   much   ado  were  licensed   to 
proceed  for  the  buying  of  commodities.     The  3rd  we  cam< 
Barroch,  where  great  store  ofcalicoes  are  made;  and  having 
the  musters  of  many  sorts,  as  also  of  cotton  yarn  and  indi 
l.ft  three  merchants  therewith  a  commission  for  the  buyii 
these  commodities,  if  they  could  be  had  at  reasonable  pri 

The  9th  we  came  to  Brodera,  where  commonly  is  store  of 
gumlac,  where  we  purposed  to  have  left  two  merchants,  but  not 
finding  any  quantity  we  departed  without  leaving  any  thi  i 

The  13th  we  came  to  Amadavrs,  which  city  was  the  seat  of 
the  king  of  the  Gogerats ;  it  is  a  great  town  as  spacious  as  the 
city  and  suburbs  of  London,  where  we  found  not  many  commo- 
dities for  our  purpose,  only  indigoes,  of  which  there  is  commonly 
great  store,  for  the  countries  round  about  doth  bring  their  com- 
modities here  to  be  sold. 

The  20th  we  sent  three  merchants  to  Cambay  with  two 
thousand  rupees  to  be  employed  in  quilts  and  carpets. 

Here  in  Amadavares  we  stayed  20  days  to  provide  ourselves 
of  carts  and  camels  for  our  journey  for  Agra  ;  in  which  tin* 
bought   15  churls  of  indigo  Chirkes  at   10,  io.},  n,  u  and 
rupees  per  maund,  which  is  thirty-two  pounds.     Some  indi] 
of  Byana  there  were  in  town,  of  which  we  had  bought  but  little 
quantity.     Thus  having  no  further  at  present  to  certify  you  of, 
I  humbly  take  my  leave  and  rest 

Your  servant  to  be  commanded, 

Thomas  Mitford. 
December  26th,  1614. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  239 

2l8 

John  Crouther  to  the  Governor  and  Committees  of  the  East 

India  Company. 

Amadavar,  the  26th  of  December,  anno  1614. 

^GHT  Worshipful,  my  reverent  duty  in  all  humble 
manner  remembered,  etc.  Having  received  certain 
notice  of  the  return  of  one  of  the  ships  from  this  place 
for  England,  and  myself  being  to  undertake  a  long 
and  tedious  journey  as  hereafter  I  will  declare  unto  your  Wor- 
ships, I  thought  it  a  part  of  duty  before  my  departure  to  give 
your  Worships  advertisement  of  all  occurrences  according  as  the 
shortness  of  time  and  place  will  permit  me.  Wherefore,  to  let 
pass  the  tedious  discourse  of  our  voyage  betwixt  England  and 
Surat,  fearing  to  be  troublesome  and  knowing  your  Worships  shall 
receive  ample  advice  from  the  General  and  masters,  it  may  please 
you  to  understand  that  the  15th  of  October  we  arrived  in  the 
road  of  Suallye,  where  the  same  day  Mr.  Aldworthe  came  aboard 
unto  us,  who  brought  us  certain  advice  of  the  wars  betwixt  the 
Portingals  and  the  Mogul :  that  Chaoull  was  besieged  by  the 
king  of  Decanee  and  Damon  by  the  Mogul  his  forces,  and  that 
Mocrob  Chan  was  general  of  the  forces  against  Damon  and 
governor  of  the  kingdom  of  Surat.  The  next  day  Mr.  Aldworthe 
with  three  of  the  factors  went  up  to  Surat  to  entreat  Mocrob 
Chan  that  he  would  be  pleased  to  give  us  the  benefit  of  the  king's 
firman  which  he  had  granted  unto  us,  and  that  he  would  go  down 
unto  the  general  to  ratify  the  same.  He  seemed  at  the  first  to 
receive  great  content  that  we  were  arrived,  but  excused  himself 
that  he  could  not  go  down  aboard  the  ships  by  reason  that  their 
Ramdam  was  not  expired,  and,  that  being  past,  we  should  have 
what  in  reason  we  would  desire ;  yet  underhand  secretly  he  had 
given  a  special  command  that  none  should  dare  to  buy  any  of  our 
commodities  without  his  license.  He  delayed  us  in  this  kind 
three  or  four  days  till  at  last,  being  importuned  by  Mr.  Aldworthe 
and  Mr.  Dodsworth,  he  sent  Hadgeeozan,  whom  the  General 
received,  and  invited  him  to  go  aboard,  but  he  excused  himself; 


240  1ST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

so  the  General  having  bestowed  a  present   upon   himself  and 

another  upon    Mocrob  Chan  which  he  sent  l>v  him,  he  dep 
with  great  shows  of  content.     In  his  company  went   Mr.  Ald- 
worthe,  Mr.  Emsworth,  and  Mr.  Mitford.     Mr.  Elkington  three 

days  afterwards  w> nt  up  to  Mr.  Emsworth  to  \i-it  him,  he  being 

fallen  sick  of  a  tlux  and  a  fever.  Now  Mocrob  Chan,  having 
these  merchants  in  his  power,  began  to  show  himself  in  hi-  true 
colours,  discovering  the  secret  rancour  of  his  poisoned  stomach 
and  the  hidden  malice  which  he  beareth  unto  our  nation.  I  i 
ently  lie  caused  all  the  ways  to  be  kept  betwixt  the  town  and 
the  ships  by  his  servants  and  soldiers,  that  no  letters  nor  provision 
might  be  brought  unto  us;  withal  demanding  us  to  land  the 
goods  we  had,  and  to  go  with  the  ships  against  Damon,  which  if 
we  would  not  consent  unto,  then  we  should  take  what  goods  we 
had  in  the  country  and  so  depart.  Whereupon  some  few  bales 
of  indigo  and  packs  of  cotton  wools  were  sent  aboard,  which  Mr. 
Aldworthe  had  provided  before  our  coming.  Mocrob  (dun 
seeing  that  he  could  not  prevail,  and  thinking  we  would  rather 
forsake  the  country  than  yield  unto  his  demands,  rather  for  fear 
of  the  king's  displeasure  than  for  any  good-will  he  bore  unto  us, 
gave  us  the  benefit  of  the  king's  firman.  In  this  sort,  by  this 
malicious  wretch's  occasion  we  were  delayed  until  the  7th  of 
November  before  we  could  unlade  any  goods,  at  which  time  we 
discharged  and  sent  unto  Surat  by  carts  overland  all  your  packs 
of  cloth,  all  the  pictures,  two  chests  of  sword  blades,  12  chests  of 
money,  the  Mogul's  present,  3  chests  with  cases  of  bottles,  with 
all  the  trunks  of  looking-glasses.  The  8th,  Mr.  Edwards  with 
most  of  the  factors  went  up  to  Surat,  where  instead  of  a  welcome 
we  were  most  basely  searched,  Mr.  Edwards  himself  not  being 
exempted.  This  course  they  took  with  all  the  rest  of  your  goods, 
opening  the  packs  of  cloth,  the  trunks  of  looking-glasses  and 
whatsoever,  not  sparing  the  king's  presents,  whereupon  there 
grew  some  difference  betwixt  ».he  governor  and  our  cape  mer- 
chants, but  instead  of  kind  usage  he  cast  them  in  the  teeth  with 
Sir  Henry  Middleton's  doings  in  the  Red  Sea,  threatening  that 
now  he  would  seek  to  have  restitution.  In  this  manner  we  were 
detained  until  the  last  of  November,  at  which  time  Mr.  Edwards 
with  most  of  your  factors  departed  upon  the  journey  towards  this 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  241 

place  with  the  aforesaid  12  chests  of  money,  the  cloth  and  all 
other  goods  which  we  had  before  discharged.  We  arrived  here 
the  13th  of  this  month,  and  to-morrow  Mr.  Edwards  meaneth  to 
take  his  journey  towards  Agra,  with  Mr.  Mitford,  John  Browne, 
Nicholas  Uffiett,  Robert  Young,  Henry  Smith  and  Roger  Prowde, 
Francis  Fettiplace  and  myself.  Mr.  Aldworthe,  Mr.  Dodsworth 
and  some  others  do  remain  here  for  the  providing  of  indigo. 
Humphrey  Elkington,  Edward  Hamden  and  Richard  Pitt  are 
sent  to  see  what  good  may  be  done  at  Cambaya ;  John  Oxwicke 
with  three  others  are  left  at  Baroche  (two  days'  journey  from 
Surat  in  our  way  to  this  place)  to  provide  cotton  yarn  and  calicoes, 
and  Mr.  Thomas  Elkington,  Edmund  Aspinall  with  others  are 
left  at  Surat. 

Thus  far  in  the  amplest  manner  that  time  and  place  will  per- 
mit me,  I  have  showed  to  your  Worships  the  estate  of  our  business. 
Concerning  the  estate  of  the  country  for  sales  and  employments, 
it  may  please  you  to  understand  that  your  vermilion,  quicksilver 
and  elephants'  teeth  are  in  great  request  and  will  prove  good 
commodities  in  this  place ;  your  cloth  little  respected  and  there 
is  only  six  bargained  for  at  20  rupees  the  covad,  which  are  not  as 
yet  delivered.  Your  cases  of  looking-glasses  and  knives  are  little 
enquired  after  in  these  parts  ;  it  is  thought  they  and  the  cloth  will 
prove  good  commodities  at  the  court.  Your  sword  blades,  some 
few  of  the  crooked  ones  have  been  sold  at  14  rupees  and  of  the 
straight  at  12.  For  the  lead  and  iron,  I  fear  they  will  be  forced 
to  seek  a  new  market  for  it.  The  country  here  is  full  of  com- 
modities, for  by  reason  of  the  wars  with  the  Portingals  there  hath 
been  but  little  shipped  for  the  Red  Sea  or  any  other  parts  these 
two  years.  There  are  bought  here  at  several  prices,  as  from 
10  to  14  rupees  the  maund,  at  least  500  maunds  of  indigoes.  As 
yet  they  hold  up  their  indigoes  somewhat  dear,  but  when  they 
shall  perceive  the  small  quantity  that  we  intend  to  buy  they  will 
fall  apace,  for  they  have  great  store  lying  upon  their  hands  and 
no  vent  for  it. 

At  our  being  at  Surat,  upon  certain  encouragements  which 

Mr.  Aldworthe  by  letters  received  from  Sir  Robert  Sherley  for 

the  discovering  of  trade  into  Persia,  as  also  upon  a  notice  of  a 

port  in  the  king  of  Persia's  country  called  Jasques,  fit  for  our 

Y 1268.  R 


2.j2  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

ships  of  burden  to  come  unto,  and  nut  of  any  gre  it  d  f  the 

Portingals,  it  was  concluded  by  the  consent  of  the  General  and 
council  that  one  of  your  Worships'  factors,  for  which  busim 
pleased  them  to  make  choice  of  myself,  should  be  sent  hit  1 
in  the  company  of  one  Richard  Steel,  a  young  man  of  Bristol, 
which  came  hither  overland  out  of  Persia  in  the  company  of  one 
John  Midnall,  which  deceased  at  Agra;  there  by  the  means  of 
Sir  Robert  Sherley  to  learn  how  the  king  will  be  affect  d  to  this 
trade,  as  also  to  desire  his  letters  unto  the  Governor  of  J  asques 
for  our  good  entertainment,  and  to  discover  to  the  utmost  of  our 
power  what  commodities  of  ours  will  vent  in  those  parts  and  the 
fittest  places  for  the  venting  of  them.  Our  business  being  accom- 
plished there,  Richard  Steel  is  to  proceed  on  forward  to  Aleppo 
and  from  theme  with  all  speed  for  England  to  acquaint  your 
Worships  what  is  done  in  the  business,  and  myself  to  return  into 
these  parts.  This  business,  although  it  was  agreed  upon  at  Suratej 
yet  was  it  not  fully  concluded  until  yesterday,  which  is  the  r<  D 
that,  having  so  little  time  for  to  provide  ourselves  (for  we  intend, 
God  willing,  to  begin  our  journey  to-morrow),  that  I  have  not  so 
amply  advised  you  of  all  matters  nor  in  so  good  form  as  willingly 
I  would  ;  but  out  of  Persia,  if  it  please  God,  I  will  advise  you  of  all 
occurrences  from  this  forward.  In  the  mean  space  I 
your  Worships  to  pardon  these  rude  and  scribbled  lines  and 
impute  it  rather  unto  want  of  time  than  to  any  negligence  in  me. 
And  thus  ceasing  further  to  trouble  your  Worships  at  present, 
I  humbly  take  my  leave,  remaining 

Your  Worships'  servant  ever  to  be  commanded, 

Jo.  Crouthcr. 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  243 

219 

William  Edwards  to  Sir  Thomas  Smith,  Governor  of  the 
East  India  Company. 

Anno  1614,  the  26th  of  December,  in  Amadavaz. 

IGHT  Worshipful,  the  best  of  my  service  and  wishes  I 
tender  as  rightly  due  unto  your  many  favours,  etc. 

In  my  general  advice  I  have  related  what  my  little 
experience  in  those  parts  affords  my  pen  and  therefore 
needless  to  trouble  your  Worship  with  the  same  herein.  But 
forasmuch  as  the  same  is  general  I  have  thought  it  not  unfit  to 
acquaint  you  with  some  occurrences  passed  here  by  the  council  of 
merchants  in  the  point  of  residing  at  Agra,  or  the  court  of  the 
Great  Mogul,  which  is  that  whereas  your  Worship  and  Company 
out  of  your  undeserved  opinions  have  preferred  me  to  that  em- 
ployment, and  that  in  our  consultations  the  merchants,  having 
rather  respect  unto  your  Worship  and  Company's  wisdom  than 
any  desert  in  me,  have  appointed  me  thereunto,  and  howsoever 
my  intent  and  purpose  was  to  run  in  profession  and  fashion  and 
other  circumstances  of  a  merchant,  yet  my  endeavours  herein  and 
in  what  else  for  the  general  good  shall  appear  cheerfully  forwards, 
and  as  my  desire  hath  ever  been  to  show  my  thankfulness  unto 
your  Worships'  love,  so  have  I  opportunity  in  a  small  measure 
not  to  deserve  but  to  continue  your  favourable  opinions  of  my 
sincere  intentions.  Your  two  young  kinsmen,  Mr.  Henry  Smith 
and  Mr.  Roger  Prowde,  I  have  obtained  to  go  along  with  me  for 
Agra  by  their  own  desires,  but  some  oppositions  in  others.  There 
the  Persian  language  is  commonly  spoken,  which  passeth  through 
all  these  countries ;  here  in  Surat  it  is  in  little  use,  though  most 
understand  it ;  so  I  esteem  they  shall  much  more  profit  there 
than  here. 

But  in  this  employment  at  Agra,  as  it  appears  in  our  consul- 
tations, the  necessity  of  residency  with  the  king  is  such,  by  the 
report  of  Mr.  Aldworthe  and  one  Richard  Steel,  an  Englishman, 
of  whom  mention  is  made  in  my  general  advice,  as  cannot  be 
avoided,  and  he  to  be  a  man  sent  immediately  from  our  king,  for 
that  the  title  of  merchant  is  of  them  despised,  as  appears  in  the 

R  2 


244  EAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

letter  of  Paul  Canning's  sent  for  England  by  Mr.  Aldworthe. 
The  expense  answerable  must  of  necessity  follow,  and  whi  reas  in 
the  said  consultation  an  estimation  of  300/.  expense  per  annum  is 
set  down,  Paul  Canning's  letter  having  since  been  reviewed  by 
Mr.  Aldworthe  and  the  rest  it  appears  thereby  that  between  four, 
five,  or  six  hundred  pounds  per  annum  is  the  least  thai  can  defray 
the  needful  expense  for  himself  and  three  or  four  persons  more* 
These  things  have  somewhat  troubled  my  thoughts,  in  respect  of 
the  strict  capitulation  in  your  commission,  insisting  on  the  point 
of  frugality  and  abridgment  of  Paul  Canning's  charges,  which  by 
the  computation  of  Mr.  Aldworthe  is  much  to  be  enlarged.  He, 
being  known  to  be  a  merchant  both  by  profession  and  charge,  was 
wholly  neglected,  whereof  he  complained  in  his  letter  to  Mr. 
Aldworthe,  wherefore  the  necessity  being  such  as  cither  to  keep 
residency  with  the  king  or  to  give  over  this  trade,  we  have  jointly 
concluded  to  make  one  year's  experience  of  the  charge,  or  till 
your  next  ships'  arrival  here;  and  herein  hoping  of  your  Wor- 
ship's and  Company's  good  acceptance  of  my  endeavours  I  do 
with  all  willingness  undertake  this  charge,  which  God  make 
prosperous. 

Your  servant  Mr.  Nelson,  by  virtue  of  your  Worship's  letter  in 
his  behalf  and  his  own  desires,  proceedeth  to  Agra  with  me,  who 
may  in  time  be  able  to  do  your  Worship  and  Company  good 
service. 

Right  worshipful  Sir,  whereas  it  pleased  your  Worship  and 
Company  to  deliver  me  in  your  commission  fit  for  residence  in 
the  court  of  the  Great  Mogul,  and  that  the  merchants  appointed 
to  determine  the  same  have  proceeded  accordingly  in  their  choice, 
it  was  long  debating  in  what  manner  and  title  I  should  proceed, 
wherein  my  especial  aim  was  to  follow  the  letter  of  your  commis- 
sion in  observing  the  fashion  and  profession  of  a  merchant ; 
whereunto  was  answered  that  if  I  should  do  so,  it  were  much 
better  not  to  proceed,  and  so  not  to  expect  the  continuance  of  a 
trade,  for  that  the  title  of  a  merchant  is  despised  in  the  court,  as 
by  experience  in  Paul  Canning  and  Thomas  Keridge,  who  while 
they  professed  to  belong  to  our  king,  and  of  his  followers,  they 
were  gracious  in  the  eyes  of  the  king  and  nobles,  but  afterwards 
were    much    neglected.      Wherefore,   though    jealous   of  giving 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  245 

offence,  yet  the  necessity  of  the  present  occasion  makes  me 
presume  on  your  allowance  and  good  acceptance  of  my  sincere 
endeavours  herein,  and  so  it  is  ordained  I  proceed  under  the  title 
of  the  king's  messenger  and  servant,  as  will  appear  in  our  consul- 
tation. My  humble  request  is  that  your  Worship  and  Company 
will  conceive  my  intentions  to  be  as  I  have  professed  and  shall  by 
God's  assistance  manifest  loyal  and  sincere. 

Some  disquiet  it  hath  given  me  for  the  breach  of  your  commis- 
sion, though  with  all  the  allowance  that  this  place  can  give,  which 
makes  me  bold  to  be  thus  tedious  unto  your  Worship  in  my  own 
excuse  herein,  but  I  am  too  bold  with  your  patience. 

There  is  a  lewd  fellow  in  the  Hector,  of  whom,  though  against 
my  custom,  I  must  give  notice  of,  Henry  Brighust,  one  of  the 
quartermasters,  of  whom  our  General  can  say  much  for  the  times 
past ;  he  is  mutinous  and  scandalous  and  fit  to  work  the  destruc- 
tion of  a  fleet.  One  thing  among  many  I  shall  acquaint  your 
Worship  with,  and  is  that  gathering  divers  together  of  his  consort- 
ship  he  professeth  in  these  words,  that  if  this  trade  were  continued 
Sir  Thomas  Smith  and  his  crew  for  their  private  benefits  will 
overthrow  the  state  of  the  commonwealth  of  England ;  which 
grew  unto  a  public  question  among  themselves  pro  and  contra  a 
long  while,  for  which  he  hardly  escaped  severe  punishment ;  but 
by  the  mediation  of  divers  in  the  ship,  I  was  content  to  refer  him 
to  your  Worship  and  Company  for  his  reward.  He  is  generally 
evilly  conditioned  and  therefore  I  thought  it  my  duty  to  advise  of 
so  disdeserving  a  man. 

I  have  been  bold  to  consign  unto  your  Worship  by  the  order 
of  Mr.  Robert  Bell  one  truss  of  quilts  and  carpets 
ffi  -OlZ?  marked  as  in  the  margin,  which  he  ordained  me  to  buy 
for  his  particular  use,  which  it  may  please  your  Wor- 
ship to  cause  to  be  delivered  him.  So  with  my  humble  service 
and  prayer  for  your  Worship's  many  happy  years  of  government 
over  us  I  commend  you  to  God's  protection. 

Letter  continued  from  Ajmere. 

Right  worshipful  Sir,  we  are  now  in  the  14th  March,  and  the 
above  is  copy  of  one  sent  by  sea  in  your  returned  ships.  And 
now  it  may  please  you  to  understand  that  our  entertainment  by 


246  EAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  XECOA'DS 

the  Great  Mogul  hath  been  very  honourable,  as  in  my  general 
advice  at  large  appeareth,  and  our  expectation  of  a  contenting 
trade  hereafter  without  obstacle  or  impediment,  the  Portin 
being  at  present  in  deep  disgrace  with  the  king  and  people  and 
wearied  in  their  proceedings,  and  hopeless  of  prevailing  in  their 
purpose  of  surprising  of  or  burning  of  Surat,  whereby  they  hoped 
to  have  fashioned  their  own  peace;  and  now  that  they  perceive 
our  ships  to  arrive  on  the  coast  at  the  last  of  the  westerly 
monsoons,  and  depart  about  the  last  of  the  easterly  monsoons, 
in  the  interim  whereof  no  ships  can  stir  on  the  coast,  whereby 
they  arc  prevented  in  their  purposes,  they  doubtless  will  give  ov<  r 
this  place  (so  the  king  thinketh  and  so  he  wisheth)  ;  and  the 
country  being  full  of  commodities,  viz:  of  indigoes  of  all  sorts,  and 
calicoes  also  of  all  sorts,  with  cotton  yarn,  drugs  and  Others, 
sufficient  to  lade  every  year  1,000  tons  by  weight.  And  as  the 
people  of  this  country  of  all  sorts  pretend  to  love  us,  so  I  am  sine 
they  fear  us  concerning  their  seas,  for  great  and  small  are  mer- 
chants, and  hereafter,  the  Portingals  standing  in  these  present 
terms  with  them,  they  either  will  desire  our  waft  of  their  ships  for 
the  Red  Sea  or  to  freight  our  ships  thither,  wherein  a  course 
would  be  thought  upon,  and  order  given  in  the  same. 

I  presented  the  Mogul  with  your  Worship's  picture,  which  he 
esteemed  so  well  for  the  workmanship  that  the  day  after  he  sent 
for  all  his  painters  in  public  to  see  the  same,  who  did  admire  it 
and  confessed  that  none  of  them  could  anything  mar  imitate  the 
same  which  makes  him  prize  it  above  all  the  rest,  and  esteems  it 
for  a  jewel. 

In  the  returned  ship  gocth  a  pair  of  playing  tables  without 
tablemen,  which  will  follow.  Let  it  please  your  Worship  to 
accept  of  them  as  a  token  of  my  remembrance,  and  acknowledg- 
ment of  the  great  debt  I  owe  you.  And  so  committing  your 
Worship  to  the  merciful  protection  of  God's  providence,  I  rest 
Your  Worship's  humble  ever  at  command, 

Will.  Edwards. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  247 

220 

Thomas  Aldworthe  to  the  East  India  Company. 

Amadavas,  this  27th  of  December,  1614  (stilo  anglicano). 

IGHT  Worshipful,  my  duty  remembered,  etc.      These 
are  certifying  your  Worships  that  in  November  last 
was  twelvemonth,   I    wrote  you    from   this   place    by 
letters  I  sent  to  Meselapatan  with  the  James,  wherein 
I  certified  you  at  large  of  all  things  that  passed  here  with  us  until 
that  time  ;  after  which  I  wrote  you  again  in  September  last  by  the 
aforesaid  way  with  Mr.  Peter  Floris,  who  wrote  me  that  he  meant 
to  depart  from  Meselapatan  in  October  last,  and  so  for  Bantam, 
and  after  that  for  England  ;  and  although  he  make  a  long  voyage 
of  it,  yet  by  his  writing  me  it  seems  it  will  prove  profitable  in  the 
end,  which  God  grant.     Your  Worships  shall  now  perceive  that 
it  hath  pleased  God  to  send  safe  to   Suratt    Captain    Nicholas 
Downton  with  his  four  ships,  who  arrived  at  Sually  Road  on  the 
15th  of  October  last,  with  all  his  people  in  health ;  whereupon  I 
repaired  aboard  them  the  next  day  following,  and  after  consulta- 
tions had  according  to  your  orders  given,  it  was  concluded  that 
Mr.  William  Edwards  should  go  up  to  Agra  to  be  resident  there, 
with  the  king,  and  myself  to  remain  in  Suratt  as  before  for  the 
ordering  of  your  business  in  these  parts.     In  which  consultations 
aforesaid  it  was  determined  that  present  provision  should  be  made 
for  the  relading  of  the  Solomon  with  the  greater  part  indigo,  and 
some  baftas  and  cotton  yarn  to  fill  her,  for  which  purpose  Mr. 
Dodsworth  with  three  or  four  more  came  up  with  me  to  this 
place,   in  company  of  Mr.  Edwards,  the  better  to  safeguard  our 
moneys.    We  came  hither  on  the  13th  of  this  instant  having  been 
long  detained  in   Suratt  by  Mocrob  Chan  his  foolish  weakness, 
who  is  now  Viceroy  of  those  parts,  yet  no  fear  of  danger.     And 
here  we  find  indigo  of  Sarques  at  a  more  reasonable  rate  than  we 
expected,  by  reason  of  the  wars  between  the  Portingals  and  the 
Moors,   which   yet  continues,  through  the  taking  of  a   ship    of 
Suratt  as  I  have   formerly   written   you ;    by   which   means   we 
shall  be  able  to  lade  a  greater  quantity  of  indigo  than  was  deter- 
mined aboard  the  ships,  insomuch  that  we  are  yet  in  good  hope 


24«  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY  's  RECORDS 

to  lade  two  ships  herehence  ;  when  not,  to  lade  the  Hector  at 
least.  God  willing,  our  best  endeavours  shall  not  be  wanting. 
We  are  at  present  in  some  good  forwardness  and  have  (as  it  \\ 
under  hand  and  packed  near  500  churls,  which  will  stand  us  in 
about  12  and  13  rupees  per  maund,  one  with  the  other;  our  time 
limited  to  be  ready  by  the  last  of  January  next,  or  within  15  da)  3 
after.  I  hope  we  shall  not  much  exceed  it,  yet  for  the  lading  of 
two  ships  a  little  more  will  break  no  square.  Mr.  Edwards  is  at 
present  on  his  departure  for  Agra.  Mr.  Emsworth,  and  one  Mr. 
Wood  a  young  merchant,  both  died  at  Surat  before  our  coming 
therehence;  all  the  rest  of  our  merchants  in  health. 

And  whereas  I  have  heretofore  written  your  Worships  con- 
cerning the  state  of  Persia  for  venting  of  our  cloth,  so  did  I  make 
known  unto  General  Downton  with  the  rest  of  your  merchants  as 
much  as  I  had  learned  touching  the  same,  who  upon  hearing  ol  it 
they  all  embraced  it,  and  liked  well  of  the  course.  And  to  this 
purpose  have  they  chosen  one  Mr.  Richard  Steel,  who  came  from 
Aleppo  through  Persia,  of  whom  I  have  formerly  written  you, 
and  another  of  your  merchants  named  John  Crouther  to  accom- 
pany him  overland  to  Persia  with  letters  to  Sir  Robert  Sherley, 
who  hath  formerly  written  me  for  that  business.  Richard  Steel  is 
to  pass  through  Turkey  homewards  and  John  Crouther  to  return 
back  hither  with  informations  from  Persia.  We  all  are  in  good 
hope  of  this  b.usiness,  being  a  matter  of  good  consequence  and 
are  much  encouraged  by  the  bearer  hereof,  Mr.  Richard  Steel,  to 
whom  for  particular  passages  here  with  us  I  refer  me,  for  that  he 
hath  been  remaining  with  us  these  5  or  6  months  at  Surat,  being 
I  partly  stayed  him  for  the  Persian  business,  for  that  I  stand  still 
in  doubt  that  our  cloth  will  not  vent  here  as  we  first  hoped.  Mr. 
Edwards  carrieth  up  with  him  about  80  broad  cloths  to  try  what 
they  will  do  at  Agra.  Your  elephants'  teeth  are  sold  in  Suratt  at 
70  mamoodies  per  maund  ;  but  your  lead  and  quicksilver  remain 
there  yet  unsold.  Howsoever,  I  hope  to  do  them  away  to  serve 
our  turn.  Thus  being  in  the  midst  of  our  business  and  this 
bearer  on  his  departure,  I  crave  pardon  for  writing  short,  and  so 
will  commend  your  Worships  all  to  God's  merciful  protection. 
Your  Worships'  to  be  commanded, 

Tho.  Aldworthe. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  249 

I  have  formerly  written  and  sent  to  Mr.  Nich.  Crispe  the  copy 
of  Mr.  Best's  letters  and  mine,  whereby  may  plainly  be  seen  how 
dishonestly  he  hath  dealt  with  me  in  his  writing. 

Tho.  Aid. 

Since  the  above  written  I  received  letters  from  Meselapatan 
that  the  Globe  was  to  depart  well  laden  for  Bantam,  and  so  for 
England,  in  the  beginning  of  this  December. 


221 

William   Edwards,  Thos.  Aldworthe  and  Edward  Dodsworth  to 
John  Oxwicke,  Chris.  Farewell  and  Bayly  Ball  at  Barocha. 

Amadavas,  this  29th  of  December,  1614. 

,R.  OXWICKE,  Mr.  Farewell  and  Mr.  Ball,  my  kind 
commendations  unto  you  all  remembered  etc.  Yester- 
day we  received  Mr.  Farewell's  and  Mr.  Ball's  letters, 
perceiving  the  quantity  of  indigo  there  to  be  had  and 
at  reasonable  rates,  insomuch  that  Mr.  Ball  writes  us  that  he  may 
now  buy  for  18  mamoodies  as  good  as  that  which  cost  20  ma- 
moodies  before,  but  that  Mr.  Oxwicke  tells  him  that  he  is  not  to 
meddle  with  the  prices  thereof,  save  only  in  the  choice  of  it, 
which  makes  us  much  to  marvel,  being  you  are  all  there  for  the 
general  business,  and  so  should  all  join  together  for  the  general  good 
thereof.  Wherefore  we  pray  you  all  to  consider  better  hereof  and 
not  to  have  the  business  done  as  it  were  in  corners,  secretly,  but 
with  a  mutual  consent  and  with  clear  hearts  openly.  For  the 
packing  up  cf  your  indigo  it  must  be  done  after  the  manner  of 
Sarques  in  round  fardles  containing  5  maunds  per  fardle  with 
leather  and  straw  accordingly,  even  as  it  must  go  aboard,  for  we 
intend  not  that  it  shall  go  to  Suratt  but  directly  from  Vriaw  to 
Sually,  Mocrob  Chan  having  promised  us  so  for  that  and  all  the 
rest  of  indigo.  Our  request  is  that  you  will  get  of  the  best  as  near 
as  you  can  ;  and  whereas  you  write  about  the  rupees,  they  are  of 


250  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

84  pice  the  piece,  and  we  here  buy  of  good  Sarques  indigo  for 
11  rupees  the  maund,  they  allowing  us  42  seers  of  the  new  and 
41  seers  of  the  old  to  the  maund,  the  seer  being  of  18  pisas  ;  and 
out  of  the  net  of  the  money  they  deduct  i|  per  cent  for  vataw,  in 
all  which  you  must  be  careful  and  to  take  the  advice  of  Narangee. 
Thus  in  haste,  as  you  see,  we  leave  you  until  next  conveyance, 
and  commend  you  all  to  God's  protection. 

Your  loving  friends, 

Will.  Edwards. 

Tho.  Aldworthe. 

Edward  Dodsworth. 


222 

Edward  Dodsworth  to  the  East  India  Company. 

Amadavas,  the  30th  December,  1614. 

IGHT  Worshipful,  and  Worshipful,  my  service  re- 
membered etc.  My  last  from  Saldania  I  doubt  not 
but  you  have  received,  which  although  importing  but 
only  of  our  safe  arrival  there,  with  the  state  of  our 
people,  yet  doubt  I  not  of  your  friendly  acceptance  thereof,  which 
is  as  much  as  I  desire  ;  and  now,  right  Worshipful,  having  such  an 
opportunity  as  by  this  bearer  Mr.  Richard  Steel,  who  is  deter- 
mined of  by  our  General  and  the  rest  of  that  council  appointed 
by  your  Worships,  to  return  for  England  by  the  way  of  Persia  for 
the  discovery  of  that  trade,  I  thought  it  the  least  part  of  my 
duty  to  acquaint  your  Worships  with  the  rest  of  our  proceedings. 
May  it  therefore  please  you  that  after  our  departure  from  the 
Cape  we  arrived  at  St.  Lawrence  in  the  Bay  Augustine  by  the 
sixth  of  August,  where,  after  7  days  staying,  for  some  small  chains 
of  silver  to  the  value  of  13s.  sterling  we  bought  to  the  number  of 
twenty  beasts  to  the  great  refreshing  of  our  people.  From  hence 
we  departed  the  12th  ditto,  and  having  a  prosperous  passage  and 
no  hindrance  with  currents,  for  that  we  held  our  course  on  the 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  251 

eastern  side  of  John  de  Nova  and  not  on  the  western  as  with 
Captain  Saris  which  was  a  great  help  unto  us,  rather  finding  helps 
than  hindrances  of  the  tides  with  fair  shoalings,  we  arrived  at 
Socotora  by  the  9th  of  September  in  the  road  of  Delishaw,  where 
we  were  kindly  entertained  by  the  king  and  acquainted  by  him  of 
the  state  of  our  English  at  Surat,  likewise  that  the  Moors  and 
Portingals  were  at  wars  each  with  other,  and  had  so  continued 
ever  since  their  entertaining  of  Mr.  Aldworthe,  the  Portingals 
having  taken  one  of  their  ships  which  came  from  the  Red  Sea, 
worth  in  ready  money  130,000  pounds. 

After  the  buying  of  some  small  quantity  of  aloes  we  departed 
Socotora  the  13th  of  September  and  arrived  at  the  bar  of  Surratt 
by  the  20th  of  October  in  health  and  safety,  God  be  praised ; 
where  we  only  found  Mr.  Thomas  Aldworthe,  William  Biddulph 
and  John  Young,  Mr.  Aldworthe's  servant,  Mr.  Canning  being 
departed  this  life  in  January  1612,  in  whose  stead  Mr.  Thomas 
Keridge  was  sent  to  remain  at  Agra,  but  neither  of  them  respected 
by  the  Mogore,  for  that  by  their  report  his  greatness  cannot 
descend  to  affect  the  title  of  merchant.  Consultations  being  had 
for  the  settling  of  our  business  according  to  your  Worships'  order 
in  your  commission,  it  was  thought  fitting  that  Mr.  William 
Edwards  should  proceed  to  remain  at  Agra,  for  that  of  necessity 
there  must  be  one,  and  Mr.  Thomas  Aldworthe  to  remain  at 
Surat  in  regard  of  his  acquaintance  and  experience  there.  And 
not  having  any  cause  to  distrust  of  these  people,  we  proceeded  for 
the  landing  of  our  goods,  desiring  of  Mocrob  Chan  (who  is  Viceroy 
appointed  for  those  parts)  leave  for  free  passage  thereof.  But  he, 
except  we  would  with  our  ships  assist  them  against  the  Por- 
tingals, made  us  absolute  denial,  wishing  us  to  depart  the  country, 
whereupon  Mr.  Aldworthe,  much  discontented  in  regard  that 
through  his  encouragement  we  were  most  of  us  come  ashore, 
began  to  make  sale  of  the  goods  remaining,  which  the  Governor 
perceiving  and  that  he  could  not  draw  us  to  his  desire  but  that  we 
were  resolved  to  depart,  permitted  us  to  land  our  goods,  yet  with 
the  rifling  of  all  our  commodities  to  furnish  himself  with  what  he 
pleased,  as  also  with  other  delays,  insomuch  that  it  was  the  first 
of  December  before  we  departed  Suratt  towards  Amadavar  to 
accomplish  lading  for  the  Solomon  according  to  our  determination 


252  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

aboard,  and  the  13th  before  our  coming  [to]  Amadavar.  So  that 
our  time  is  short  to  accomplish  such  a  business,  yet  doubt  not 
but  to  effect  it,  for  that  here  is  reasonable  store  of  Cirques  indigo, 
sufficient  for  the  lading  of  all  our  four  ships  if  our  stock  were 
more.  For  the  prices  and  hopes  of  this  trade,  in  regard  this 
bearer  is  to  pass  through  so  many  dangerous  countries,  and  being 
uncertain  to  whose  hands  this  letter  may  come,  I  cease  to  write, 
purposing  to  certify  your  Worships  more  at  large  by  the  ship  that 
returns  from  hence.  This  bearer  Mr.  Steel,  through  the  good 
encouragement  received  from  Mr.  Aldworthe  for  obtaining  a  trade 
in  Persia,  who  hath  ever  since  his  understanding  of  the  commo- 
diousness  of  that  trade  (both  for  the  vending  of  our  English  as 
also  of  the  good  return  to  be  made  from  thence  to  England)  been 
diligent  in  searching  how  the  same  might  be  accomplished,  and 
understanding  by  sufficient  pilots  of  a  commodious  place  for  ships 
of  1,000  tons  to  ride  and  anchor,  but  which  is  within  30  leagues 
of  Armous  (Ormus),  called  Jasques,  and  again  confirmed  by 
this  bearer  through  his  experience  in  his  travels  through  those 
countries,  emboldened  us  to  entertain  him  for  the  discovery 
thoroughly  of  that  trade,  to  obtain  if  possibly  he  can  the  king's 
letters  for  our  free  trade  and  commerce  within  his  dominions, 
and  he  to  advertise  your  Worships  thereof  in  England.  We 
have  likewise  as  assistant  joined  Mr.  John  Crouther  (one  of  our 
merchants)  with  him  in  this  business,  to  proceed  with  him  to 
Hisphaon  (Ispahan)  and  from  thence  to  return  to  Suratt  for  to 
advise  us  of  what  vent  there  will  be  for  our  cloth,  in  regard  we 
doubt  of  some  quantity  to  be  sent  in  the  next  ships  for  these 
parts,  which  to  be  kept  here  will  be  much  prejudicial  to  it,  for 
that  this  place  will  not  vent  (by  Mr.  Aldworthe's  experience) 
100  cloths  in  a  year.  They  are  furnished  with  160/.  for  their 
journey  with  letters  of  recommendation  to  Sir  Robert  Sherley  for 
his  assistance  in  this  business,  which  God  grant  by  His  will  a 
blessing  unto. 

Mr.  Emsworth  and  Mr.  Wood  departed  this  life  shortly  after 
their  coming  ashore,  who  had  been  visited  with  the  flux,  which  is 
incident  to  our  English  in  this  place.  Of  Mr.  Emsworth,  who 
was  to  remain  here  with  us  at  Suratt,  we  shall  have  a  want  both 
in    respect  of  his   discretion  and  staid   carnage   as  also  of  his 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  253 

sufficiency.  Further  at  present,  for  the  dangers  this  bearer  is  to 
pass,  I  have  not  to  enlarge  but  purpose  by  the  ships  to  acquaint 
you  with  our  proceedings  in  particular.  And  thus  with  the 
remembrance  of  my  duty  I  commit  you  with  your  whole  pro- 
ceedings to  God's  merciful  protection  and  rest  ever  at  your 
Worships'  service, 

Edward  Dodsworth. 


223 

Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxwicke  and  Chris.  Farewell  at 

Baroche. 

Laus  Deo.     In  Surat,  the  31st  December,  1614. 

OVING  Friends,  I  heartily  commend  me  unto  you  with 
desire  of  your  health  etc.     Yesterday  I  wrote  you  a 
few  lines  for  the  enclosure  chiefly  of  one  to  Amadar  to 
our  friends  there,  which  I  pray  so  send  as  you  find 
conveyance  to  send  away. 

You  shall  understand  that  of  late  here  is  much  of  that  sort  of 
indigo  you  have  there  about  you  come  hither,  which  is  called 
Jambusy  (Jambusar),  with  some  of  Jengulie,  which  I  conceive  will 
be  had  here  at  most  for  20  mamoodies  the  maund  and  the  seer  of 
18  pisas,  but  it  is  such  stuff  that  I  dare  not  meddle  with  it  at  any 
rate,  being,  I  doubt  me,  of  a  sort  that  Mr.  Dodsworth  told  me  by 
chance  amongst  the  rest  of  the  indigo  they  had  in  the  Red  Sea  a 
fardle  or  3  or  4  thereof  was  mingled,  which  they  could  not  sell  to 
any  reasonable  returning  in  England.  Therefore  thought  good  to 
advise  you  thereof  to  the  end  you  might  advise  yourself  well  of  it 
for  entrance  into  any  great  parcel  thereof  till  such  time  as  your 
pattamar  were  returned  from  Amadavar  whereby  you  may  have 
Mr.  Aldworthe  and  Mr.  Dodsworth's  opinion  at  large  thereof.  I 
also  thought  good  to  give  you  some  sight  of  the  prices  here  and 
quantity  whereby  you  may  the  better  rule  yourself,  persuading 
myself  that  after  a  small  time  of  forbearance  it  will  be  had  here 


254  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

for  18  mamoodies  ;  besides  there  is  a  sixth  part  difference  in  weight, 
and  somewhat  will  be  saved  in  charges;  and  for  that  you  ma\  the 
better  see  what  it  is,  I  send  you  here  the  muster  of  a  p 
offered  me  which  I  seemed  (?)  not  to  hearken  after,  which  you 
may  compare  with  yours  there  and  write  me  your  mind.  What  I 
write  is  not  to  d  you  from  what  you  have  order  for,  or 

what  you  think  shall   be   m  :icial  for  the  Company;   but 

only  do  advise  you  how  matters  pass  here,  whereby  you   may  the 
better  govern  yourself  there. 

The  frigates  still  remain  in  the  river,  by  means  whereof  wc  can 
discharge  no  goods  by  water.  Our  ships  I  hear  to  be  gone  to 
Swallv  again,  but  have  n<>  certainty  thereof.  If  so,  I  will  procure 
to  have  the  rest  of  our  goods  ashore  by  land,  to  effi  ct  whi<  h  the 
Nabob  hath  promised  his  furtherance.  So  for  the  present  not 
having  others  I  commit  you  to  God,  and  rest 

Your  loving  friend, 

Tho.  Elkington. 


224 

Ralph  Preston  to  the  East  India  Company. 

Laus  Deo.     In  Amadaver,  the  1st  of  January,  1614. 

(IGHT  Worshipful  and  Worshipful,  my  duty  premised 
etc.  Being  at  this  place  and  but  newly  entered  into 
our  business,  betwixt  hope  and  fear  rested  doubtful, 
being  at  war  within  myself  whether  I  might  not  be 
taxed  of  arrogancy  as  not  fitting,  being  for  Bantam,  or  not  so 
convenient,  being  hitherto  kept  ignorant  of  the  occurrences  other 
than  they  were  general,  unless  I  would  seek  it  out  of  my  own 
brain,  in  regard  whereof  at  an  ecstasy  with  myself  whether  I 
might  write  or  no,  lest  the  subjects  thereof  should  be  unsound 
and  the  matter  impertinent :  again  the  conveyance  somewhat 
uncertain  whether  that  this  by  the  bearer  or  that  by  the  ships 
might  first  come  to  your  hands  :  in  fine  to  write  of  any  cer- 
tainty other  than  to  this  present  hath  passed  till   Mr.  Edwards 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  255 

have  been  aloft  with  the  Great  Mogul  we  cannot,  being  the  place 
where  all  injuries  done  our  nation  must  be  reformed  and  our 
trade  better  settled.  In  the  end  resolved  to  write  to  someone  in 
particular ;  but  then  considering  how  far  I  might  incur  imputa- 
tion in  general  reconciled  my  doubtings  and  aimed  at  all  chiefly 
to  tender  my  duty  to  all,  entreating  your  favourable  censures  both 
in  the  manner  and  matter,  wherein  to  avoid  prolixity  will  be  brief 
and  leave  the  rest  to  be  enlarged  by  others. 

Now  pleaseth,  right  Worshipful  and  Worshipful,  to  under- 
stand that  the  7th  of  March,  1613,  we  set  sail  from  the  Downs 
and  passed  the  island  of  Canaries  the  25th  ditto.  In  the  interim 
we  in  the  Hope  lost  a  man  by  the  board  and  the  Gift  had  another, 
as  it  was  reported,  killed  himself  with  drinking  hot  waters ;  and, 
as  I  take  it,  the  Hector  lost  another  of  a  natural  death.  The 
15th  of  June  we  arrived  in  Saldania  Road,  where  we  understood 
General  Best  was  gone  home  for  England  in  the  Dragon  and  like- 
wise Captain  Newport,  and  upon  Pengwyne  Island  found  the 
cooper's  name  of  the  Clove,  one  Silver,  who  writ  such  a  day 
homeward  bound.  After  the  first  day  our  General  put  our  sick 
men  ashore,  which  was  not  many,  from  all  the  four  ships  not 
above  nine  or  ten  at  the  most,  and  they  of  the  Gift  and  Hector ; 
and  having  watered  and  refreshed  ourselves  as  well  as  we  could, 
never  the  better  for  Cory's  entertainment  in  England,  and  after 
we  had  spent  some  14  days  there.  In  that  time  the  Gift  lost  a 
man  by  an  accident  ;  and  before  we  came  into  the  road  the 
Hector  sprang  her  foremast.  Arriving  the  6th  of  August  in  the 
bay  of  St.  Lawrence,  where  we  found  better  refreshing,  both  for 
beeves  and  wood  and  reasonable  good  water,  the  people  showing 
themselves  both  civil  and  loving,  being  the  properest  men  that  I 
have  seen,  much  like  the  niggers  in  Gynney  (Guinea).  Their 
beeves  were  excellent  good  and  fat  and  good  cheap,  not  above  4s. 
and  55.  English  money  the  piece,  which  money  goeth  there  cur- 
rently, especially  sixpences ;  but  that  which  they  most  regard  are 
silver  chains,  such  as  are  upon  mariners'  whistles,  bloodstones, 
nutmegs,  red  counters  (?)  and  Jews'  harps ;  and  there  we  found 
that  Captain  Newport  touched  outward  bound.  And  after  we 
had  stayed  there  about  some  seven  or  eight  days,  we  set  sail  and 
the  gth  of  September  arrived  at  Socatra,  where  we  were  exceeding 


256  E  I  ./'  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

kindly  used  by  the  king  of  that  place,  who  also  received  g 
content  from  us  and  loath  that  we  should  depart  from  him  so 
soon  as  we  did.  The  island  is  very  barren,  yet  yieldeth 
store  of  goats  and  dates,  of  which  he  made  a  present  f'>r  our 
General;  and  after  his  people  sold  them  for  a  rial  of  eight  the 
piece  as  many  as  we  would,  and  dates.  The  second  day  we  dealt 
with  him  for  his  aloes  Socatrina,  he  having  not  above  27  kintals, 
which  we  bought  for  30  rials  of  eight  the  kintal  or  thereabouts,  as 
I  remember  without  my  journal,  the  kintal  being  about  <)b  lb->.  to 
as  near  as  we  could  make  it  without  weights  for  our  purpose  and 
a  stillero,  the  want  whereof  made  us  to  allow  of  theirs,  wherein 
some  deserveth  to  be  blamed  in  that  we  brought  not  with  us  both 
stillero  avoirdupois  and  troy  weight,  which  had  been  as  n 
as  any  one  thing  that  we  brought,  whatsoever  occasion  we  should 
have;  and,  a  I  1  member,  I  spoke  to  some  at  home  whom  it 
might  concern,  having  them  in  petty  voyages.  And  not  amiss 
thai  they  which  come  there  hereafter  look  to  his  hand  which 
holdeth  the  end  of  the  stillero,  otherwise,  with  a  loose  with  his 
hand,  he  will  get  by  the  weight.  And  in  conclusion  of  this  point, 
were  I  worthy  to  give  advice,  could  wish  that  the  king  might  be 
respected,  in  regard  of  his  love  to  our  nation,  before  others  ;  it 
not  being  lost  that  is  any  way  bestowed  on  him,  he  being  so  royal 
a  fellow  in  judgment,  discourse,  affability  and  quickness  in  appre- 
hension, both  in  natural  causes  and  points  touching  Christianity, 
as  any  that  I  have  heard  of;  entreating  excuse  if  I  have  been  too 
forward,  howsoever  the  benefit  will  be  yours,  when  your  Worships 
shall  consider  the  benefit  that  may  redound  to  those  ships  which 
may  be  taken  short  of  their  monsoons  and  so  be  driven  to  spend 
some  time  in  the  Red  Sea;  I  say  then,  having  this  place  to  friend, 
as  I  take  you  have  had  formerly.  Again  I  heard  him  make  pro- 
testation that  none  but  the  English  should  have  his  commodities 
if  they  pleased,  but  that  I  take  but  complimental,  he  being  free 
to  sell  to  whom  he  will  if  they  will  come  to  his  price,  be  of  what 
nation  soever,  so  that  they  wrong  not  those  that  shall  shelter 
themselves  under  his  protection.  And  so,  after  three  or  four  days 
spent,  set  sail,  making  all  the  haste  we  could  to  save  our  mon- 
soons. Made  the  land  about  Dabull  the  second  of  October  and, 
stopping  tides  along  the  coast,  came  to  sight  of  the  bar  of  Suratt 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  257 

the  15th  ditto,  and  into  Swalley  Road  the  20th.  In  the  interim  cer- 
tain Portingals'  frigates  dogged  us  all  along  the  coast  after  that  we 
were  descried  but  durst  not  come  near  us;  only  two  frigates  came 
off  to  us  when  we  were  thwart  of  Choul,  which  was  then  and  still 
is  besieged  by  the  king  of  Deckaney  (Deccan),  who  came  from  the 
general  of  his  forces  with  a  present  and  to  offer  us  that  kindness 
which  the  place  would  afford,  by  whom  we  understood  that  the 
Portingals  had  lost  the  base  town,  but  could  not  win  the  walled 
town  and  castle,  though  there  lay  a  hundred  thousand  soldiers 
before  it,  as  themselves  reported  ;  and  being  dismissed  with  a 
present  and  compliments,  we  heard  afterwards  that  if  they  could 
have  drawn  our  General  with  the  ships  before  the  town  they  were 
of  opinion  that  the  Portingals  would  have  yielded  the  town.  The 
next  day  a  Portingal  frigate  came  to  offer  their  service,  but  was 
not  suffered  to  come  aboard,  so  departed  malcontent.  The  22nd 
ditto  Bayly  Ball  was  sent  to  Suratt  to  give  notice  of  our  coming, 
whom  Mocrob  Chan  used  courteously  and  gave  him  a  vest,  seem- 
ing to  rejoice  much  at  the  news.  The  next  day  Mr.  Aldworthe, 
one  Richard  Steel  and  Ric.  (sic)  Biddulph  came  aboard  the  admiral, 
where,  after  salutations  passed,  related  the  state  of  the  country, 
which  I  refer  to  those  which  heard  it ;  only  in  general  we  heard 
of  the  death  of  Signor  Paul  Canning  and  one  or  two  more,  and 
that  Signor  Tho.  Keridge  was  gone  for  Agra  to  take  Paul  Canning 
his  business  into  his  hands,  which  how  it  standeth  must  likewise 
refer  your  Worships  to  Mr.  Aldworthe's  advice ;  also  that 
Damaun  was  besieged,  but  to  little  purpose,  and  that  the  Por- 
tingals was  much  distressed  in  all  places  of  this  country  and  in 
the  Dickanes,  and  upon  our  coming  they  have  vowed  and  given 
out  that  they  will  not  now  leave  them  till  they  have  expelled  them 
their  countries,  whereupon  your  Worships  may  imagine  the  state 
of  the  Portingal  at  present ;  yet  for  that  some  of  them  are  here 
in  credit  still,  as  one  Ferdinando  Salvador  etc.  whom  I'll  touch  in 
a  word  when  I  come  to  speak  of  him  more  properly.  Now  con- 
cerning the  entertainment  of  Mocrob  Chan,  pleaseth  it,  right 
Worshipful  and  Worshipful,  to  understand  briefly,  for  if  I  should 
but  touch  every  particular  should  be  over  tedious,  besides  run 
myself  into  a  labyrinth  ;  therefore  will  cursorily  pass  it  over  and 
so  leave  it  to  your  better  consideration,  as  I  said  before.  At  our 
Y  1268.  s 


258  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECOi  i 

first  coming  Bayly  Ball  was  sent  and  afterwards  the  great  man 
was  expected  below,  according  to  custom,  who  not  coming  bred 
some  doubt,  whereupon  it  was  held  lit  to  send  Mr.  AJdworthe,  in 
company  with  others,  to  know  1  rare,  whom  he  began  to 

expostulate  with  and  to  speak  of  many  businesses.  Amoi 
others  he  would  have  our  ships  go  against  Damon,  which  being 
opposed,  desired  two  of  them,  which  would  not  be  yielded  unto  ; 
whereupon  he  told  them  plainly  that  if  they  did  refuse,  here  was 
no  place  for  us,  alleging  that  for  our  sakes  they  had  made  the 
Portingals  their  enemies,  with  many  other  speeches  to  the  like 
effect,  which  I  will  omit,  me  wordswhich  he  dista  I    I 

from  another.  In  the  end  he  sent  down  Hogenozan,  who 
received  both  for  himself  and  Mocrob  (Mian,  and  kind 

respects  passed  between  him  and  our  General,  and  so  took  I 
one  of  the  other,  Mr.  Aldworthe  and  others  going  up  in  company 
with  him  to  Suratt  to  understand  how  the  presents  \ 
accepted.  The  next  day  we  heard  below  that  Hogenozan  was 
gone  against  Damon,  and  Mocrob  Chan  would  not  hear  of  the 
landing  of  any  of  our  goods,  and  farther  that  we  might  be  gone  and 
commanded  his  people  from  the  seaside  which  sold  bread  etc. 
Whereupon  our  people  offered  to  be  gone,  who  was  after* 
stayed  upon  his  command  and  some  of  them  abused.  In  fine  the 
next  day  all  was  well  again  and  we  should  land  our  goods.  Till 
the  6th  of  November  time  was  spent  and  little  done  ;  the  7th  we 
landed  some  of  our  goods  ;  and  the  8th  Mr.  Edwards  etc.  came 
to  Surat,  where  they  could  not  be  admitted  till  license  was  given 
and  every  one  searched.  Now  what  disgusts,  detractions  and 
questions,  besides  abuses  offered  not  alone  to  one  but  to  all  in  our 
customs  etc.  till  the  last  ditto,  I  must  likewise  omit,  only  in  a 
word  deliver  my  opinion  of  Mocrob  Chan,  and  so  leave  and  pro- 
ceed to  that  which  followeth.  I  conceive  him  to  be  a  secret 
enemy  to  us  and  a  secret  friend  to  the  Portingals ;  or  else  he 
detracted  the  time,  as  I  always  told  my  companions,  till  he  heard 
from  the  king,  which  made  him  use  much  fantasy  and  delays,  and 
being  still  put  to  it,  his  last  refuge  was  that  he  must  see  the 
presents  brought  for  the  king,  which  he  did,  though  he  promised 
the  contrary,  only  would  have  his  will,  and  when  it  came  to  the 
push  would  refuse,  because  he  would  have  the  day.     I  said  secret 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  259 

friend  to  the  Portingal  and  my  reason  was  :  commonly  when  we 
came  to  Mocrob  Chan,  we  should  find  Portingals  Jesuits  busy  in 
conference  with  him,  the  elder  of  them,  being  two  in  number,  a 
man  sometime  in  favour  with  the  king,  and  for  anything  we  know 
may  be  maintained  by  Mocrob  Chan.  Again  there  is  another  called 
Musketo,  sometime  a  merchant  and  now  a  fugitive  and  persecutor 
of  his  own  countrymen,  yet  would  befriend  us  to  the  great  man 
if  we  would  have  accepted  of  his  kindness.  And  whereas  I 
touched  one  Ferdinandus  Salvador,  one  reported  to  be  the  king's 
merchant  and  in  great  credit  aloft  and  with  this  man  below,  who 
received  him  into  Suratt  with  great  grace  in  his  palanquin  carried 
on  men's  shoulders  covered  with  velvet  and  40  or  50  horse  to 
bring  him  in  ;  and  after  some  five  days  gave  out  that  he  would 
go  in  company  with  us  for  this  place,  pretending  business  there ; 
who  coming  thither  before  us,  found  at  our  coming  thither  that 
he  was  gone  to  the  king  with  some  matters  which  he  had  bought 
for  him ;  it  being  reported  that  the  king  should  offer  him  forty 
thousand  rupees  to  lay  out  in  toys  for  him  at  Goah,  which  he 
refused  out  of  a  Portingal  flourish.  Now  what  may  be  thought 
hereof,  giving  out  that  he  would  go  no  farther  than  Amadever, 
and  then  again  being  in  favour  with  the  king,  something  may  be 
done,  and  to  be  assumed  what  will  they  leave  undone  so  that 
they  may  hinder  our  proceedings,  if  not  prevented  by  your  wis- 
doms and  those  here  whom  it  may  concern. 

Concerning  our  proceed  from  Suratt  to  this  place,  the  last  of 
November  we  parted  from  Suratt  and  came  hither  the  13th  of 
December.  By  the  way  we  left  Signor  John  Oxwicke  and  others 
to  buy  baftas  in  Baroche,  where  they  be  best  cheap,  as  also 
cotton  yarn.  Some  fine  calicoes  Mr.  Aldeworthe  had  bought 
before  our  coming,  which  are  too  fine  for  England  but  will  serve 
for  Barbary  if  quiet ;  but  the  sorts  they  now  resolve  upon,  which 
are  from  i\  and  3  to  7  mamoodies  per  piece,  will,  we  hope,  be 
very  fitting.  Since  our  coming  others  are  sent  to  Cambia,  as 
Signor  Holmden,  to  provide  quilts  and  green  ginger,  etc. ;  and  had 
gum-lac  been  to  have  been  had  in  Brodra,  I  had  stayed  there  for 
that  purpose,  but  it  hath  failed  there  this  year  and  none  to  be  got 
unless  at  Bramporte  (Berhanpur),  where  order  is  given  for  all  that 
is  there.     And  here  remaineth  Mr.  Aldworthe,  Mr.  DodswortrTetc, 

s  2 


260  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

who  have  been  providing  indigo  ever  since  we  came,  having 
bought  some  180  churls  already  which  will  come  out  about  12  and 
13d.  the  lb.;  making  no  doubt  but  to  lade  two  ships  much  about 
that  rate,  here  being  great  store  to  be  had;  and  two  days  past 
heard  that  they  at  Baroche  had  bought  200  maunds  at  ni. 
the  seer  very  good  and  could  buy  more  for  2,000/.  if  liked  of. 
This  great  quantity  groweth  by  reason  that  they  have  had  no  vent 
this  three  years,  not  since  Sir  Henry  Middleton  was  in  the  Red 
Sea  and  the  wars  begun  between  these  people  and  the  Portingals, 
which  maketh  it  so  cheap  and  plenty.  Hereafter  I  am  of  opinion 
that  it  will  be  dearer  and  less  store,  as  I  understand  it  hath  been, 
yet  not  to  be  doubted  but  if  the  trade  be  settled  here,  as  I  doubt 
not,  God  to  friend,  that  both  this  place  and  Lahoare  will  yield 
good  store  every  year.  Therefore  in  my  opinion  considering  the 
break  in  tonnage  in  sending  it  in  such  bags  as  these,  it  will  not  be 
amiss  that  there  be  shaken  chests  or  some  other  device  of  purpose 
to  prevent  that  inconvenience.  We  hope  within  forty  days  to  lade 
two  ships,  especially  having  sold  our  elephants'  teeth  at  70  ma- 
moodics  the  maund  (which  is  40  seers  here  and  31  and  32  lbs. 
English),  and  here  aloft  would  have  yielded  a  far  better  price. 
They  made  4,000/.  sterling  money  ;  otherwise  we  should  not  have 
accomplished  unless  that  we  had  made  use  of  that  stock  provided 
for  another  place.  And  to  conclude  of  our  progress  to  this  place 
pleaseth  it  your  Worships  to  understand  that  although  Mocrob 
Chan  sent  us  out  basely  without  guard  of  soldiers  nor  we  could 
not  have  our  arms  till  we  came  to  the  gates  of  Suratt,  we  found 
our  entertainment  better  afterwards  with  the  other  Governors, 
who  used  us  with  good  respect  and  sent  good  convoys  along  with 
us  from  most  places;  yet  all  the  way  in  great  danger  of  thieves 
called  Rashbouts,  who  sought  all  opportunity  to  assault  us  both 
day  and  night  by  no  small  companies,  it  being  given  out  that  we 
carried  fifteen  carts-load  of  specie,  which  made  us  stand  upon  our 
guard  the  more  and  to  trust  more  to  ourselves  under  God  than  to 
our  convoys,  half  of  us  watching  half  the  night  and  the  other 
the  rest  and  sometimes  all,  with  bullets  in  mouth  and  matches  in 
cock  and  divers  times  alarms  given  ;  holding  ourselves  able  to 
encounter  200  horse  in  the  night,  by  reason  our  caravan  was  great 
with  carts,  etc.,  which  made  us  barricades,  and  by  day  100,  and 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  261 

before  we  would  have  parted  with  our  goods,  etc.,  500  should  have 
bought  our  lives  at  dear  rates.  And  so  much  for  our  journey 
hither.  Now  as  to-morrow  Mr.  Edwards  is  to  depart  hence 
towards  the  court,  who  had  gone  before  this  time,  but  that  the 
Governor  of  this  town  was  gone  for  Gogo  upon  news  that  the  town 
and  some  ships  was  burnt.  His  deputy  told  us  that  he  had  not  a 
sufficient  convoy  till  the  Governor  came  to  town,  which  we  might 
give  some  credit  unto  for  that  the  Rashbouts  pursued  divers 
travellers  to  the  gates  of  this  city,  and  here  reported  that  they 
killed  some  for  small  matters.  Yesterday  came  letters  from  Surat 
wherein  came  letters  from  the  king  which  was  enclosed  in  our 
packet,  but  what  they  did  import  know  not  otherwise  than  in 
general ;  only  the  presents  was  not  to  be  seen  by  Mocrob  Chan 
or  any  other,  and  that  the  ambassador  should  be  kindly  used  and 
sent  up  with  all  expedition  and  safety  fitting  his  person.  Now  must 
hold  the  reputation  of  an  ambassador  or  else  not  respected,  for  he 
which  shall  hold  correspondency  with  the  king  must  be  such  a 
one,  and  no  merchant,  unless  covertly,  for  their  pride  is  such  that 
they  scorn  them,  making  no  more  reckoning  of  them  than  of 
banyans,  whom  they  hold  little  better  than  slaves  ;  and  should  so 
appear  by  Mocrob  Chan  his  speech  upon  occasion  that  if  we 
would  be  in  the  nature  of  banyans,  we  should  have  free  trade ;  by 
which  may  be  gathered  the  minds  of  the  greatest,  so  that,  for 
anything  I  can  conceive,  it  must  not  now  be  carried  in  the  fashion 
of  a  merchant  as  you  desired ;  being  further  of  the  mind  that  if 
the  Turkey  trade  fail,  as  very  likely  it  will,  and  this  and  the 
Persian  trade  go  forward,  as  I  hope  it  will,  then  this  place  will 
bear  it  and  afford  an  ambassador  or  consul,  such  an  one  as  Sir 
Tho.  Glover,  a  man  full  of  spirit,  able  both  to  defend  and  offend, 
if  our  enemies  should  go  about  any  ways  to  wrong  us,  as  no  ques- 
tion but  that  they  will,  either  covertly  or  openly,  when  we  think 
ourselves  most  safest.  Again  may  be  a  means  to  keep  the 
Flemings  from  trading  here,  humbly  entreating  you  not  to  mis- 
construe my  good  meaning  herein,  for  I  do  not  disparage  any, 
holding  them  fit  men  in  their  places,  and  to  manage  as  great  a 
matter  as  this,  if  exhibition  accordingly  ;  only  as  a  poor  member 
and  submissive  servant  deliver  my  poor  opinion,  which,  right 
Worshipful  and  Worshipful,  I  will  leave  to  your  wise  and  grave 


262  EAST  INDIA    COM TA  NTS  RECORDS 

considerations,  being  very  sorry  if  I  have  soared  too  high,  humbly 
entreating  you  again  to  impute  it  to  my  want  of  better  employ- 
ment at  present.     And  yet  a  little  farther  though  I  incur  imputa- 
tion :    I  suppose    that  when    your  Worships    shall    fall  into  the 
reckoning  of  their  salary  who  are  to  be  aloft  and  of  the  charge 
that  must  of  necessity  follow  the  carriage  of  that  business  in  the 
fashion  before  mentioned  will  very  near  accomplish  the  other  strain. 
Now  touching  Peartia,  upon  deliberate  terms  it  was  thought 
fitting  to  send  one  Mr.  Richard  Steel,  a  merchant,  as  far  as  I 
know  one  employed  in  those  parts  by  the  knight  baronet,  Mr. 
Leate,  and  Mr.  Stapers,  about  a  business  which  I  take  was  partly 
effected  ;  who,  having  seen  and  well  observed  the  course  of  trade 
in  those  parts,  saw  how  easy  a  thing  it  was,  if  a  right  project  were 
taken,  to  settle  a  factory  there,  which  being  made  known  to  Mr. 
Aldworthe  before  our  coming,  we  finding  the  said  Steel  here,  and 
good  reasons  given  pro  et  con,  the  charges  was  next  examined, 
which  was  estimated  at  first  to  200/.  for  himself  and  two  more,  to 
say,  himself  to  go  overland  to  Alippo  after  that  he  had  capitulated 
with  the  king  of  Percia  and  with  Sir  Robert  Sherley,  which  being 
done   and   the   others    having    informed    themselves    upon    some 
certainty,  to  return  back  again.     Our  General  being  acquainted 
herewith  liked  well  of  the  project,  only  upon  some  former  speeches 
which  he  and  Mr.  Aldworthe  had  had  about  a  convenient  place 
or  road  where  shipping  might  come  to  lade  and  unlade  besides 
Ormouse  (Ormus),  desired  conference  with  the  party  which  had 
been  at  the  place,  where  ships  of  1,000  tons  might  ride  in  safety 
out  of  the  danger  of  the  Portingals,  who  did  at  that  time  so  satisfy 
him  that  he  would  send  no  mariner.     So  it  was  appointed  that 
one  John  Crouther  and  another  at  Agra  should  go  along  with  the 
said  Mr.  Steel.     Here  is  one  that  is  a  peon  in  the  house  which 
hath  been  at  the  place,  where  ships  of  great  burthen  may  have 
water  enough,  whose  report  agreeth  with  the  other.     Many  have 
discovered  Percia,  but  none  have  looked  after  a  convenient  place 
for  shipping'  except  Ormouse,  which  the  Portingals  hold,  which 
place  Sir  Robert  Sherley  hath  discoursed  of  at  large  and  his  letters 
extant  to  that  purpose,  therefore  will  refer  your  Worships  to  that 
discourse,  which  I  make  account  Mr.  Aldworthe  hath  advised  of 
already.     Only  by  the  way  it  will  not  be  amiss  to  be  jealous,  even 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  263 

sometimes  of  the  best  purposes,  specially  in  this  of  so  great  con- 
sequence. If  it  may  please  God  that  the  same  be  effected,  it  will 
be  a  worthy  business  for  our  land,  it  being  a  place  of  great  vent 
for  cloth,  partly  upon  my  own  experience ;  being  in  Russea,  some 
of  the  merchants  there  told  me  that  they  made  five  for  one  of  our 
sorting  blues  such  as  we  send  for  that  place,  besides  divers  drugs, 
which  I  could  have  bought  there  reasonable,  as  rhubarb,  etc., 
which  come  from  thence  ;  also  red  yewts  (?)  is  well  sold  there, 
but  how  near  to  those  parts  which  is  aimed  at  now  know  not. 
But  to  my  purpose.  The  winds  which  serve  our  ships  for  the 
place  aimed  at  will  also  serve  for  to  bring  them  hither,  and  the 
returns  from  thence  will  accommodate  them  here  for  specie,  as  I 
partly  understand,  which  would  be  a  principal  thing,  it  being  the 
matter  opposed  and  still  objected  against  the  Company ;  I  say  it 
would  stop  the  mouths  of  all  men,  besides  the  correspondency 
between  these  parts,  which  will  be  much  advantage  unto  us, 
which  God  grant  and  that  the  declining  of  other  trades  may  be 
complete  in  this  worthy  society.  What  request  these  commo- 
dities now  sent  are  in  at  present  and  how  sold,  I  cannot  certainly 
advise,  referring  the  same  to  those  which  have  the  managing  of 
the  business,  who  would  that  others  should  understand  as  little  as 
might  be.  Yet  so  far  as  my  knowledge,  pleaseth  it  your  Worships 
to  be  advised  that  cloth,  if  good  colours,  will  be  well  sold,  these 
people  desiring  true  colours  and  good  cloth.  Seven  cloths  we 
make  account  are  as  good  as  sold  to  the  Governor  of  this  city  for 
20  mamoodies  the  covad,  and  no  question  but  that  this  country 
will  vent  some  quantity  after  that  they  are  once  accustomed  to 
the  wearing  thereof.  Quicksilver  well  requested,  but  none  sold 
as  yet,  but  offered  220  rupees  the  maund ;  elephants'  teeth  in  good 
request ;  crooked  sword  blades  well  sold  for  15  rupees  the  piece 
and  privates  better ;  glasses  well  esteemed  for  gifts  but  few  sold  ; 
waters  desired  but  loath  to  go  to  the  price ;  pictures  the  like,  but 
valued  to  men's  fancy.  Touching  lead,  yet  ignorant  of  the  price ; 
yet  yesterday  we  had  writing  from  Surat  that  they  were  offered 
a  partido  of  300  churls  indigo,  to  take  half  lead  and  half  money. 

Now  a  word  or  two  of  the  news  in  general.  The  king  is  at 
Agemere,  150  course  this  side  Agra ;  Can  Canna  sent  against  a 
Rashbout  called  Raynawes,  who  holds  him  to  it.     A  little  before 


-•'I 

be! 
purp  ise  ;  al  of  tl 

1        i  <>ut  of  Portugall,  which  M  I 

with  certain  oth<  i  ht  with  oui  1  that  tl 

• 
maki  ■  i  him.     'II. 

I        i,  makii 
and  persons  1 

in  o  >n<  lusii  'ii  but   i  I  lii 

I  th  and  tl  humbly  • 

my  leave.    And  1 

!  than  this ;  a  wortl 

will  and  :    prim  ;; 

i  men  fearing  <  t  the 

one  of  another,  and 

;  with   that  harmonj  lity  that   th     I 

pleased  11  with  health, 

and  betl  than  when  I 

And  none  in  oui  in)  of  tl  nything  I  k: 

can  complain  of  want,  I  m<  m  of  thii 
and  ii"  « \  il  example  given  for  1  I  of  1 

venture  Borne  disti  mp  red  brain  «>r  m  fellow  m 

his  mOUth  and   >.iy   th.it   tin-   mi  I  I 

reply  that  upon  my  know 

tionable,  oui  ing  tender  their  health 

.  though  we  wanted  Ii        I  I  must 

well  provided,  which  <>ur  put 
upon  occasions.     In  fine,  thanks  be  to  G 
sweet  .ii  ind  fitting  reasonable  nun.  pi 

not  seen  bett  rnment  upon  an}  that  I  b  d  on, 

nor  better  provided  for,  the  length  ofthi 
not  the  least  to  be  observed  thi  ment  and  know! 

that  was  between  merchant  and  mariner.    This  i 
instead  of  many  pn  v-        tor  Mr.  rth;   all  the 

way  somewhat  inclined  to  sickness,  h  ■■  ing  with 

him,  besides  given  much  to  melancholy,  which  made  m 
him  many  times  that  the  thought  of  his  former  estate  procured  it, 
and  strived  by  all  means  to  put  him  from  it,  though  subject  myself 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  265 

unto  it.  His  disease  began  aboard,  being  a  flux,  and  ended  his 
life  the  22nd  of  November  last,  on  which  day  we  buried  him  and 
one  Signor  Wood,  who  died  within  an  hour  one  of  another,  both 
so  rich  in  Christ  that  they  ministered  great  comfort  to  us  all, 
which  I  pray  God  give  us  grace  to  make  use  of  to  His  glory  and 
our  own  spiritual  comfort. 

By  reason  of  many  petty  charges  which  groweth  upon  travels 
here  in  this  country  both  above  and  below,  it  will  not  be  amiss  to 
appoint  some  good  husband  which  shall  have  care  thereof,  and  to 
that  end  acquainted  some  of  my  companions ;  not  that  it  is  any 
fault  of  the  principals  but  of  inferiors  under  them  but  may  you 
allege  it  is  their  fault  if  not  looked  into.  I  do  but  touch  it  by  the 
way,  for  that  otherwise  a  gainful  trade  may  in  time  be  discouraged, 
humbly  entreating,  right  Worshipful  and  Worshipful,  to  hold  me 
excused  and  to  pardon  my  boldness,  if  any,  it  having  been  fitter 
for  one  of  this  place  than  for  myself  to  advise  on  this  manner, 
being  a  Bantamese,  that  killing  place ;  howsoever  exposed,  yet 
will  say  with  the  prophet  David  "  God  is  good  and  my  lot  is  fallen 
in  a  good  ground,"  though  not  for  the  health  of  my  body,  I  doubt 
not  for  my  soul ;  and  yet  must  tell  you  not  before  my  appointed 
time,  for  my  days  be  numbered,  and  therefore  will  with  that  holy 
man  Job  wait  till  my  change  come ;  and  seeing  I  am  frustrate  of 
this  place  could  wish  that  I  might  do  you  service  in  the  furtherest 
parts,  let  their  conditions  be  what  they  will ;  not  doubting  but  to 
hold  correspondency  with  them  in  any  civil  fashion.  And  so,  not 
having  others  at  present,  will  ever  praise  God  for  you  and  never 
cease  to  pray  for  your  healths  and  prosperities  with  increase  of 
commerce  and  the  end  everlasting  life,  which  God  grant  for  His 

son  Christ's  sake.     Amen. 

Your  humble  servant  to  be  commanded, 

Raphe  Preston. 

For  that  I  have  not  writ  to  any  friend,  humbly  entreat  you  to 
certify  friends  of  my  health  as  Mr.  Cardler  of  the  Assurance 
Office,  where  I  have  a  brother  lies,  my  master's  sons,  Mr.  John 
and  Wm.  Gore  and  the  bachelors,  which  are  of  the  Company, 
Robert  and  Ralph  Gore,  one  Mr.  Johnson  sometime  a  draper  in 
Watling  Street,  and  Captain  Baker,  with  Mr.  Wm.  Atkinson, 
clerk  to  the  Muscovy  Company,  etc. 


266  EAST   IX D I  \.\YS  RECORDS 

225 

A  COMMISSION  given  by  OS  whose  names  arc  hereunder 
written  in  the  behalf  of  the  right  honourable  and  right 
worshipful  Company  of  Merchants  trading  to  the  1  I 
Indies  unto  our  good  friends  Mr.  Richard  Steel  and  Mr.  John 
Crouther,   merchants,   QOW    bound,    by  I  .   upon   a 

discovery  to  be  by  them    made   in   and  through    P 
the  use  and  behoof  of  the  said  East  India  Company,  which 
journey  God  make  prosperous  and  send  you  with  good  suc- 
cess unto  your  country. 

IIRST  at  your  coming  to  Adgemerc,  whither  Cod  send 
■  ty,  yon  shall  1  X  Mr.  William  i 

wards  the  sum  of  six  hundred  rials   of  eight   for  and 
toward-  t!  of  your  foresaid  journey,  which  we 

esteem  by  our  computation  will  be  sufficient  for  that  busin 

For  the  safe  passing  of  which  moneys  your  care  must  beat 
your  coming  to  Agra  to  inform  yourselves  of  such  sufficient  men 
as  will  take  such  moneys  upon  their  bills  of  exchange  to  be  repaid 
either  in  Lahor  or  Sphan  (Ispahan),  as  you  shall  think  fittii 
deliver  for  the  better  and  more  safe  furnishing  of  your  occasions. 
And  for  that  many  accidents  are  incident  in  such  long  travels 
and  that  some  disaster  may  befall  you  whereby  your  provision  of 
moneys  may  fall  short,  we  have  therefore  delivered  you  letters 
of  credit  unto  the  Right  Honourable  Sir  Robert  Sherley,  knight, 
in  particular  and  also  a  general  letter  unto  all  English  and  other 
Christians  of  what  nation  soever  in  Sphan,  for  the  furnishing  of 
such  other  moneys  as  your  necessity  shall  require  unto  the  value 
of  50/.  sterling  to  be  repaid  upon  sight  of  your  bills  of  exchange, 
either  in  England  or  Agra. 

After  your  departure  from  Agra,  you  are  to  proceed  on  your 
journey  towards  Sphan  with  as  much  expedition  as  conveniently 
you  may,  and  in  all  places  where  you  shall  pass,  to  inform  your- 
selves of  the  state  and  condition  of  those  countries,  what  hope  of 
trade  and  commerce  they  give  both  for  sales  of  commodities  to 
be  brought  thither  from  England  and  likewise  what  returns  may 
be   made   fitting  for   England   or   other  parts  of  Christendom. 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  267 

Especially,  when  you  come  near  to  Sphan,  you  are  with  all  care- 
fulness and  diligence  to  learn  the  condition  of  the  countries 
between  Sphan  and  Jasques  on  the  sea  coast,  what  hope  of  trade 
to  be  made  between  the  said  two  places,  what  towns  and  cities  of 
note,  what  commodities  they  give  and  what  they  receive  as  also 
what  manner  of  transportation  for  goods  and  merchandise  is 
between  Jasques  and  Sphan,  with  the  weights,  measures  and 
moneys  of  every  chief  place  in  your  travels,  with  all  other  cir- 
cumstances fit  to  be  observed  in  such  a  discovery.  When  it 
shall  please  God  to  bring  you  safely  to  Sphan  you  are  to  address 
yourselves  unto  Sir  Robert  Sherley  and  to  deliver  unto  him  such 
letters  as  you  carry  along  for  him,  to  procure  by  his  assistance 
letters  from  the  king  of  Persia  unto  all  his  governors,  captains 
and  commanders  of  all  the  sea  coasts  in  his  dominions  for  the 
fair  and  peaceable  entertainment  of  our  men,  ships,  and  goods 
in  all  such  parts  as  they  shall  arrive  at.  And  if  it  shall  happen 
your  provision  of  moneys  to  [fall  ?]  short,  then  you  may  deliver 
unto  Sir  Robert  Sherley  the  letter  of  credit  which  you  carry 
directed  to  him,  and  not  otherwise. 

And  when  you  shall  have  had  full  satisfaction  in  the  points 
of  your  discovery,  you  are  to  make  two  journals  of  your  daily 
proceedings  from  the  time  of  your  setting  forth  from  Adgemere 
until  your  departure  from  Sphan,  which  are  to  be  underwritten 
by  you  both.  From  whence  Richard  Steele  is  directed  to  go  for 
England  with  one  of  the  said  journals,  and  John  Crouther  to 
return  with  all  convenient  speed  directly  to  Agra  or  Adgemere 
with  the  other;  for  the  better  satisfaction  of  the  honourable 
and  worshipful  Company  in  England  and  also  for  the  better 
directions  of  us  in  our  proceedings  here  in  these  parts. 

But  if  it  should  please  God  that  either  of  you  should  decease 
in  this  your  journey  either  by  sickness  or  accident,  which  God 
forbid,  before  your  separation  at  Sphan,  that  then  the  survivor 
shall  proceed  directly  for  England  with  a  reason  of  such  dis- 
covery as  he  or  they  shall  have  made. 

And  for  the  more  certainty  and  better  satisfaction  of  him  that 
shall  return  for  Agra  and  Adgemere,  it  is  ordained  that  he  shall 
have  for  his  charges  back  out  of  the  remaining  moneys  resting 
unspent  the  one  half  of  so  much  as  your  charges  shall  amount 


263 


EAST   IS'DIA    COMPA.YY'S  RECORDS 


unto  until  your  coming  to  Sphan,  besides  the  charges  of  a  camel 
and  camelman  allowed  him,  provided  that  besides  there  rem 
a  competent  sum  of  money  to  carry  the  said   Richard  Steel  into 
England;  or  otherwise  according  to  this  computation  yon  shall 
make  a  division  of  your  remainder. 

Not  doubting  but  out  of  your  L,'o,>d  discretions  and  loving 
friendship  each  to  other,  you  will  so  carry  this  business  as  it  I 
redound    to    both    \  putations.      And    so  ing  God 

to  bless  you  in  these  your  ;  Qgs  we  commend  you  to  His 

protection,  who  direct  all  your  thoughts  and  actions  t"  His  -lay. 

Your  loving  friends, 

Will.  Edwards. 
Tho.  Aldworthe. 
Edward  1 1    I  ■■■•  irth. 
Thomas  Mitford. 
In  Amadil:'.  \ 
the  2nd  of  January,  [614. 


226 

John  Jourdain  and  others  to  the  Governor  and  Committees 
of  the  East  India  Company. 

Bantam,  the  2nd  of  January,  1614. 

IGHT  Worshipful,  our  duties  remembered,  etc.  May 
it  please  you  to  understand  that  by  the  Concord,  who 
arrived  here  the  8th  of  September  last,  we  received 
your  Worships'  letters,  understanding  thereby  at  full 
your  minds  concerning  all  matters,  which  with  the  help  of  God 
we  will  effect  and  follow  in  all  points  as  near  as  God  shall  give 
us  grace  etc. 

And  first,  concerning  the  Concord  :  shortly  after  her  arrival 
it  pleased  God  to  take  to  his  mercy  Giles  Hawkins  and  after  him 
Mr.  Flood  and  Mr.  Petty  with  some  others  of  the  common  men. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  269 

Those  chief  men  being  dead,  it  was  thought  fitting  to  view  the 
commission,  to  know  whom  your  Worships  had  ordained  to 
succeed  ;  and  finding  by  the  said  commission  and  the  two  boxes 
which  we  opened  that,  after  the  death  of  Mr.  Flood,  that  none 
was  nominated  but  was  to  be  chosen  by  a  general  consent  of 
merchants,  at  first  it  was  thought  necessary  to  leave  the  charge 
of  the  ship  to  Mr.  Benet,  in  the  meantime  not  having  any  other 
more  sufficient.  In  this  time  the  James  arrived  here  from  Pot- 
tany  without  order  for  her  lading,  only  3,000  rials  which 
Mr.  Gourney  sent  in  her,  he  supposing  that  money  or  pepper 
might  be  had  for  certain  commodities  left  here  in  Bantam  rated 
per  him  at  13,000  rials  or  thereabouts ;  which,  if  it  had  been  sold 
at  those  rates,  had  not  been  half  enough  to  have  laden  the  ship 
with  pepper.  But  we,  finding  so  little  hope  of  sale  for  money  or 
pepper,  to  help  the  sale  thereof  we  offered  the  one  half  money 
with  the  cloth  to  put  it  off,  yet  could  not  be  heard,  for  that  the 
Hollanders  sold  of  the  same  sorts  of  goods  to  be  paid  the  next 
year  at  100  per  100  less  than  the  James'  goods  was  rated  at,  and 
to  all  sorts  of  people  that  would  have  it,  running  risks,  whether 
ever  they  shall  be  paid  the  one  half.  Whether  they  doth  it  to 
cross  us  in  our  trade  of  Choramandell  or  not  we  know  not,  but 
sure  we  are  that  the  losses  remains  on  themselves,  for  that  they 
have  sold  better  cheap  than  it  cost  them  in  the  country  from 
whence  it  came.  Now  that  which  was  left  here  by  Mr.  Gourney 
the  one  half  thereof  or  more  is  not  vendible  in  this  country, 
because  it  is  Chera  Mallaia  and  the  people  here  will  wear  no  other 
fashion  but  their  own,  which  is  Chera  Java.  But  now  the  James 
being  come  to  receive  her  lading,  the  captain  requires  us  to  lade 
her  for  the  account  of  the  same  voyage.  We  conclude  that  the 
ship  of  necessity  must  be  laden,  but  upon  account  of  the  Ninth 
Voyage  it  cannot  be,  for  that  there  is  not  wherewith  to  do  it. 
Therefore  it  was  thought  necessary  to  value  the  goods  belonging 
to  the  voyage  as  it  is  worth  ready  money  and  take  it  to  account 
of  the  Joint  Stock,  and  to  lade  so  much  pepper  as  the  goods 
doth  amount  unto,  provided  always  that  your  Worships  are  con- 
tent therewith  at  home ;  and  whether  the  goods  here  remaining 
the  profit  thereof  shall  be  for  the  account  of  the  Joint  Stock  or 
for  the  Ninth  Voyage  (for  that  the  goods  must  be  transported  to 


270  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

other  places,  not  being  vendible  in  Bantam)  this  is  wholly  referred 
unto  your  Worships'  pleasure.  But  in  the  meantime  there  is 
laden  aboard  the  James  6,000  sacks  of  pepper,  which  is  the  pro- 
ceed of  the  goods  according  to  the  valuation  and  the  3,000  rials 
received  from  Pottany,  as  per  the  account  in  the  journal  may 
appear,  etc. 

And  since,  having  considered  farther  of  your  Worships'  order 
willing  us  to  look  far  and  near  for  other  commodities  and  for 
venting  of  our  own,  which  in  Bantam  will  not  be  sold  this  ten 
years,  as  also  having  understood  of  the  weakness  of  the  Concord 
both  of  ship  and  men  to  carry  her  for  England,  and  the  small 
quantity  of  pepper  that  she  will  carry  and  the  great  hopes  we 
have  received  per  via  de  Macassar  and  by  others  which  lately 
came  from  Amboina,  that  they  have  kept  great  part  of  their  cloves 
of  the  last  year  for  the  English,  and  the  Bandanezes  making 
continual  wars  with  the  Hollanders,  hoping  of  the  English  ;  all 
these  reasons  having  been  duly  considered  by  the  council  of 
merchants  it  is  thought  necessary  to  send  the  Concord  thither 
with  divers  commodities  which  is  not  here  vendible,  in  the  charge 
of  George  Ball,  who  is  ordained  to  be  principal  factor  for  the 
voyage.  The  goods  and  money  which  we  determine  to  send  in 
her  is  as  appeareth  per  invoice.  The  reason  why  the  Concord 
hath  stayed  here  so  long  since  her  voyage  was  determined  to  go 
that  way  is  because  we  were  in  hope  to  have  had  some  more  men 
out  of  the  ships  which  are  to  come  out  of  England,  and  some 
other  ship  to  go  in  company,  for  the  more  force  with  more  facility 
the  cloves  will  be  gotten.  We  have  built  a  pinnace  of  some 
25  tons  of  a  junk  which  came  from  Sacadana,  which  doth  go  in 
company  of  the  ship,  which  will  be  a  great  help  to  fetch  cloves 
where  the  ship  cannot  go  ;  but  we  have  not  men  sufficient  to  man 
them  both,  for  having  provided  the  James  with  twelve  men  and 
with  those  that  are  dead  there  will  not  remain  above  25  men  for 
the  ship  and  the  pinnace,  therefore  we  determine  to  get  some 
10  or  12  blacks  which  will  serve  to  do  ordinary  work.  We  are 
the  more  earnest  to  send  that  way  because  that  if  there  should 
not  go  some  ship  this  year  there  will  be  little  hope  to  do  any 
good  hereafter  ;  and  this  ship  being  so  weak  above  water  that  it 
were  great  danger  to  send  her  for   England.      For   Mr.    Petty 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  271 

before  his  death  would  not  adventure  to  carry  any  dry  commo- 
dities betwixt  the  decks,  only  pepper  in  the  hold.  Therefore  we 
have  laden  aboard  the  James  for  the  account  of  the  Joint  Stock 
57  chests  of  all  sorts  of  China  silks,  24  chests  of  benjamin, 
3,673  sacks  of  Bantam  pepper,  172^  peculs  of  cloves  as  per  the 
particulars  may  appear  in  the  invoice  and  bills  of  lading ;  also  we 
have  laden  100  bahars  of  Priaman  pepper  at  400  lbs.  suttle  to  the 
bahar,  which  was  taken  out  of  the  Osiander  and  laden  for  the 
account  of  the  Tenth  Voyage,  notwithstanding  it  is  in  the  bills 
of  lading  for  the  account  of  the  Joint  Stock,  which  we  did  only 
to  avoid  cavils  with  the  captain  of  the  James,  he  being  no  great 
amigos  with  the  captain  of  the  Osiander  nor  any  other.  Here  is 
left  about  30  chests  of  silks  of  the  worse  sorts,  which  the  James 
could  not  stow.  We  were  in  hope  to  have  sent  these  silks  in 
some  ship  belonging  to  the  Joint  Stock,  but  in  regard  of  the 
insufficiency  of  the  Concord,  and  the  long  stay  of  the  fleet  which 
your  Worships  writ  should  come  forth  the  last  spring,  and  the 
danger  which  might  ensue  by  keeping  them  until  the  next  year, 
made  us  to  lade  them  in  this  ship,  which  we  did  by  council,  Cap- 
tain Marlowe  having  required  the  same  and  the  James  being  a 
sufficient  ship  for  the  purpose.  And  for  that  they  stood  in  need 
of  divers  necessaries  there  is  delivered  them  out  of  the  Concord 
twelve  men  with  divers  other  provisions  as  per  the  purser's  note 
may  appear,  which  could  very  ill  be  spared,  but  that  necessity 
doth  constrain  us  thereunto  for  the  better  security  of  your  Wor- 
ships' goods. 

Now  as  concerning  the  Darling,  she  set  sail  from  hence  for 
Sacadana  the  10th  of  [March,]  and  from  thence  she  was  to  go 
for  Pottany,  there  to  buy  all  the  Lankin  silk  of  the  Chinese 
junks,  carrying  with  them  for  that  purpose  a  good  stock  of  money 
and  commodities,  as  per  the  journal  may  appear ;  but  coming  to 
Sacadana  they  made  their  abode  there  so  long  (contrary  to  order) 
that  before  they  came  to  Pottany  the  Hollanders  had  bought  up 
all  the  silk  and  other  commodities ;  the  long  stay  of  the  Darling 
at  Sacadana  being  to  little  purpose,  as  per  the  copies  of  their 
letters  sent  from  thence  may  appear.  The  Hollanders'  pinnace 
which  departed  from  Bantam  five  weeks  after  them  were  at  Pot- 
tany a  month  before  them  and  had  bought  up  all  the  silks  before 


272  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

their  arrival,  which  was  the  cause  that  the  Darling  took  in  cer- 
tain goods  out  of  the  James  and  gone  for  Siam.  From  them  1 
know  not  what  course  they  doth  mind  to  take,  for  hitherto  they 

have  in  all  points  digressed  from  commission.  We  do  not  doubt 
but  Mr.  Gourney  and  Mr.  Larkin  doth  advise  at  large  of  all  things 

in  this  ship,  etc. 

Now  concerning  the  Globe,  we  daily  look  for  her,  much 
marvelling  of  their  long  stay,  doubting  of  the  getting  OVCT  the 
bar,  which  is  the  cause  that  Mr.  Floris  doth  also  doubt  of  bet 
late  coming  to  Bantam  and  therefore  hath  [wrote]  to  provide 
against  his  coming  about  4,000  sacks  of  pepper,  which  we  1 
[effected]  and  is  all  ready  milled  and  laid  in  the  warehouses.  And 
as  for  the  estate  of  their  voyage,  we  refer  it  to  Mr.  Floris'  li 
which  goeth  herewith,  etc. 

And  for  the  project  of  the  voyage  now  pretended  in  the 
Concord,  it  is  agreed  per  a  general  council  of  merchants,  viz. 
that  she,  by  God's  grace,  go  first  for  Macassar  there  to  take 
account  of  Geo.  Cokayne,  and  what  rice  is  there  bought  to  take 
into  their  ship,  as  also  what  goods  shall  be  there  remaining  fitting 
for  Banda  or  the  Moullucas,  and  leave  other  goods  there  which 
shall  be  found  most  vendible  in  Macassar,  as  also  to  take  into 
their  ship  Mr.  Welden  who  is  there  remaining  and  a  perfect 
linguist  in  the  Mallaia  and  Ternatan  tongues  and  well  acquainted 
with  the  country  people  and  coast,  I  mean  of  Amboina  and 
Banda ;  and  from  thence  with  all  convenient  speed  to  proceed  for 
Amboina  or  Banda.  If  first  at  Banda,  then  upon  good  considera- 
tion to  leave  there  Sophony  Cozucke  and  some  other  with  such 
a  quantity  of  goods  as  shall  be  thought  necessary,  Sophony 
Cozucke  being  already  acquainted  with  the  country  people  and 
language.  But  if  they  may  with  more  conveniency  fall  first  with 
Amboina,  then  to  repair  to  a  place  called  Lugho,  where  the 
Darling  was  the  last  year,  and  the  chief  Aurancaya  of  the  country 
a  friend  to  the  English  and  indifferent,  or  rather  an  enemy,  to  the 
Hollanders,  who  sought  his  life  because  he  gave  us  entertainment 
in  the  Darling ;  but  of  late  he  hath  made  the  king  of  Ternater 
acquainted  therewith  and  he  hath  given  him  leave  to  entertain  all 
nations  and  especially  the  English,  for  which  cause,  as  we  are 
informed,  this  Aurancaya  caused  the  country  people  to  keep  their 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  273 

cloves  for  us  this  year  and  seeing  that  no  ships  came  was  con- 
strained at  the  last  of  the  year  to  sell  the  one  half  unto  the 
Hollanders,  and  the  rest  they  have  kept  for  the  English.  From 
this  place  of  Lugho  is  but  half  a  day's  journey  by  land  to  Cam- 
bello,  Lasede  and  Ceran,  which  three  places  yieldeth  as  many 
cloves  as  the  half  of  Amboina  and  the  people  affable  and  desirous 
to  trade  with  us  and  are  in  no  subjection  to  the  Hollanders,  only 
trading  with  them  as  with  all  other  merchants.  And  because  the 
ship  cannot  conveniently  go  to  all  these  places,  we  send  this 
pinnace  to  go  from  port  to  port  to  bring  cloves  to  the  ship,  which 
may  remain  in  Lugho  or  Cambello,  which  shall  be  thought  most 
convenient ;  and  if  occasion  be  she  may  go  from  thence  for 
Banda  to  give  advice  and  so  return  to  the  ship  again,  as  also  to 
search  out  any  other  place  near  thereabout,  where  trade  may  be 
had.  The  goods  which  we  send  to  those  parts  is  Guzarate  and 
Choramandell  clothing,  some  money  in  rials,  and  some  gold. 
The  gold  will  yield  50  per  cent,  profit  or  more ;  and  cloves 
will  be  sooner  gotten  for  rice  and  gold  than  for  any  other 
commodity  whatsoever,  because  the  rice  is  their  food,  the  gold 
their  treasure  against  they  die  and  therefore  they  will  give  an 
extraordinary  price  for  it,  etc. 

And  as  concerning  the  estate  of  the  business  here  in  Bantam, 
according  to  your  Worships'  orders  there  is  notice  taken  of  all 
such  goods  as  is  here  remaining  for  several  accounts  and  voyages 
and  have  rated  the  same  accordingly  and  brought  it  to  account 
of  the  Joint  Stock  as  per  the  journal  now  sent  may  appear. 
And  as  for  some  voyages  which  were  in  the  custody  of  William 
Sheppard,  left  by  the  death  of  Mr.  Jones,  I  send  herewith  the 
copy  of  William  Sheppard's  account  given  at  his  departure  for 
Pottany  in  the  James,  whereby  may  be  seen  what  was  remaining ; 
which  by  reason  of  his  sickness  (as  I  perceive)  was  not  left  in 
better  form,  but  Mr.  Gourney  being  desirous  of  him  in  that 
voyage  in  lieu  of  Rich.  Cobb,  who  remaineth  here  in  Bantam  ; 
the  cause  is  that,  if  Mr.  Cobb  had  gone  in  the  ship,  Mr.  Gourney 
would  not  have  proceeded  in  the  voyage.  The  reason  that  he 
alleged  was  that  both  in  the  ship  and  land  he  was  very  trouble- 
some and  a  breeder  of  quarrels  and  debate  amongst  parties,  and 
insufficient  to  do  any  business  which  did  belong  unto  a  merchant. 
Y  1268.  T 


274  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

And  now  in  the  time  of  his  abode  in  Bantam  his  behaviour  and 
carriage  hath  verified  the  same,  for  by  drunkenness,  fighting  and 
railing,  agreeing  with  no  man  and  making  strife  with  all  men  and 
will  obey  no  command,  hath  made  all  honest  men  to  loathe  his 
company ;  therefore  by  a  general  consent  he  was  deprived  of  the 
council  of  merchants  as  not  able  to  conceal  the  secrets  of  the 
worshipful    Company.       Therefore    we     desired     and     required 
Captain  Marlowe  to  carry  him  home  in  the  James,  which   as 
yet  he  refuseth  to  do,  alleging  frivolous  reasons  to  the  contrary  ; 
sometimes  saying  that  we  must  lay  in  victuals  for  him  with  two 
servants  to  attend  him,  and  at  other  times  that  he  dares  not 
carry  the  Company's  servants  home  without  their  order.      But, 
God  sending  the  James  well  home,  we  do  not  doubt  but  your 
Worships  shall  be  at  full  acquainted  with  the  disorders  of  this 
voyage.      In  all  places  where  they  have  been  they  have  left  them- 
selves  famous   with    infamy   to   our   nation,    what    by   fighting, 
brabbling  and  contention  amongst  themselves,  troubling  all  men 
where  they  come,  hath  been  the  cause  that  all,  both  strangers 
and  others,   are   weary  of  their  company ;  and  he  that  should 
govern   all  is  chief  cause  of  these  disorders,  for   what   discord 
hath  been  among  them  his  hand  hath  not  been  out  of  it,  either 
taking  part  with  one  or  other,  or  breaking  out  in  such  terms  of 
railing  that  he  is  little  set  by  by  his  own  company  and  less  by 
strangers.      And  he  is  one  of  the  first  which  doth  trade  publicly, 
contrary  to  your  Worships'  order,  and  in  all  places  where  he  hath 
been.      Therefore  we  were  constrained  to  buy  a  parcel  of  Chora  - 
mandell  cloths  of  him  to  the  value  of  1,700  rials  because  he  had 
sold  some  quantity  at  low  rates  and  brought  down  the  price  to 
the  great  prejudice  of  the  worshipful  Company.      And  at  present 
he  hath  in  the  ship  about  10  or  12  chests  of  benjamin  for  his 
proper  [account]  and    doth  refuse  to  take  in  15  peculs  of  cloves 
which  Mr.  Petty  had  bought  for  himself  before  his  death  at  his 
first  coming  to  Bantam  and  offered  first  39  rials  per  pecul,  which 
we  understanding  thereof  advised  him  [the  contrary] ,  shewing  him 
that  he  went  about  to  raise  the  prices  of  commodities,  contrary  to 
order,  he  answering  that  he  did  nothing  but  what  he  had  order  to 
do ;    wherefore   we  showed  him   your  Worships'  letters   to   the 
contrary,  and  being  thereat  moved  went  aboard  his  ship,  but  after 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  275 

secretly  caused  some  of  his  company  to  buy  the  15  peculs  of 
cloves ;  and  being  in  his  sickness  desired,  if  it  pleased  God  to  call 
him,  that  they  might  be  sent  home  unto  the  worshipful  Com- 
pany, and  to  advise  that  they  were  bought  with  his  own  money, 
and  they  might  deal  with  him  as  they  pleased  ;  which  we  required 
Captain  Marlowe  to  do,  which  he  refused,  saying  they  could  take 
in  no  more  goods  for  the  Company  but  was  desirous  to  buy  them 
for  his  own  account.  So  if  they  were  for  his  own  account  they 
might  be  carried  for  England,  but,  being  for  the  worshipful 
Company's  account,  the  ship  could  carry  no  more.  These  and 
many  other  wrongs  he  doth  because  he  thinks  to  cross  us  that 
remain  here  aland,  for  that  we  do  not  feed  his  insatiable  desire 
with  wine  and  give  him  such  extraordinary  duty  (as  himself  hath 
said)  as  if  three  of  the  Committees  were  present.  These  things 
are  not  written  by  way  of  complaint  or  envy,  but  only  to  make 
known,  as  our  duty  binds  us,  those  things  which  are  prejudicial 
to  the  proceedings  of  the  worshipful  Company,  etc. 

Now  after  the  departure  of  these  ships  we  shall  remain  very 
weak,  both  of  merchants  and  others,  in  regard  that  we  are  forced 
to  have  people  at  both  houses,  because  at  the  old  house  lieth  all 
the  Guzaratt  goods  which  were  formerly  in  four  warehouses  subject 
to  fire,  rain  and  stealing ;  therefore  we  have  brought  it  all  into  one 
house  and  have  laid  it  in  the  best  manner  we  could  devise  to  keep 
it  from  worms,  which  formerly  have  done  great  spoil  where  it  lay 
before  :  so  that  we  were  constrained  to  open  as  many  packs  as  we 
perceived  to  be  perished,  and  have  taken  out  the  rotten  and  sold 
it  at  trust  as  well  as  we  might,  and  have  repacked  the  remainder 
in  small  bales,  each  sort  by  itself,  for  that  we  find  many  names 
of  the  cloths  mistaken,  as  many  sorts  having  three  and  four 
names  for  one  sort  of  cloth,  and  the  reason  is,  being  bought  in 
the  Red  Sea  of  sundry  persons,  viz.  of  Guzaratts,  Mogores, 
Arabs,  Turks,  and  Industans,  each  of  them  giving  a  several  name 
according  to  their  languages,  which  will  be  a  great  error  in  the 
end  in  keeping  the  accounts,  except  all  the  goods  be  opened  and 
a  new  collection  made  according  to  their  true  names,  which  will 
ask  some  time.  For  if  the  collection  already  drawn  continue  as 
it  is  according  to  the  packing  bill,  when  it  comes  to  draw  a 
balance   of    every   several    account    there   will   be   found   many 

T  2 


276  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

parcels  over  and  many  short  ;    AS  also  it  will  be  very  dimml* 
the  sale  unto  those  that  shall  come  hen  ifter  that  knows  not 
the  sorts. 

And  as  touching  the  building  of  our  new  house  in  the 
where  now  we  make  <mr  abode,  being  a  place  nvenient 

and  near  the  river,  which  is  obtained  with  pi  ind  fair  pro- 

mises by  a  writing  from  the  Pengran  Protector,  wherein  he  doth 
give  leave  to  build,  and  for  :  'it  of  the  walls  ; 

measure;  and,  thinking  ourselves  therewith  secure,  we  1 
pared  many  necessaries  for  the  same  and  fitted  the  place  to  I 
to  build;  which  he  perceiving  began  anew  with  us,  I  we 

may  not  build  above  3  fathom  high  from  the  foundation  to  the 
roof,  and  we  must  not  make  any  house  at  Jaccattra  ;  if  we  do  it 
shall  be  at  hi  I  •  take  the  pi  >t  of  ground  and  house  fr<>m 

us  again;  and  we  must  deliver  him  our  old  man-inn  house,  for 
that  he  will  not  have  us  to  have  two  houses.   Whereupon  we  I 
left  to  proceed  any  farther  until  we  find   him  in  a  better  humour, 
or  other  order  from  y>ur  Worships.     Therefore  we   have 
with  the  king  of  Jaccattra  to  hold  his  friendship  and  he  hath 
given  us  leave  to  build  at  our  pi  id   hath  given  us  a  piece 

of  ground  near  the  waterside,  and  for  custom  we  are  to  pay  as 
the  Hollanders  doth,  which  is  a  small  matter;  not  that  he  will 
constrain  us,  but  to  give  him  something  as  a  present.  Now  the 
Pengran  Protector  of  Bantam,  understanding  thereof,  seems  to 
be  very  angry  thereat  and  doth  threaten  to  take  from  us  the  plot 
of  ground  which  he  hath  given  us  to  build  on,  and  a 
is  animated  by  the  Hollanders,  for  that  they  would  not  have 
be  so  near  neighbours  to  them  ;  as  also  we  have  been  crossed  by 
them  at  Jaccattra  and  at  all  other  places  where  factories  are.  for 
in  matters  of  trade  they  are  worse  enemies  to  us  than  the  Por- 
tingals ;  insomuch  that  in  buying  of  silks  the  last  year  they 
raised  the  prices,  under  colour  to  make  a  consortship  with  us 
thinking  in  the  meantime  to  get  the  most  part  into  their  hands, 
and  when  it  came  to  conclusion  their  demand  was  to  have 
30  peculs  of  Lanken  silk  first  laid  aside  for  them,  and  the  re- 
mainder, which  might  be  some  40  peculs,  should  be  parted 
equally  betwixt  us,  so  by  this  means  they  should  have  50  peculs 
and  we  20.     Whereupon  we  disagreed  and  parted  each  of  us  to 


EAS7  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  277 

do  our  best.  And  now  at  the  receipt  of  pepper,  we  demanding 
our  debtors  to  bring  in  their  pepper,  they  began  to  raise  the  price, 
giving  15  rials  per  10  sacks,  we  having  bought  at  13J  the  dearest ; 
and  this  they  did  thinking  to  have  all  into  their  own  hands,  know- 
ing that  the  Chineses  for  covetousness,  to  gain  1^  rials  in  10  sacks 
and  receive  present  money,  would  bring  them  the  most  part,  the 
Chineses  little  esteeming  their  words  and  less  their  honesty. 
For  this  cause  we  shall  be  the  longer  receiving  in  of  our  debts  in 
pepper ;  and  to  go  to  law  with  them  here  it  is  in  vain,  for  that 
answer  hath  been  made  to  us  by  the  chief  officers  that  if  the 
debtors  cannot  pay  us  we  must  stay  until  they  are  able,  etc. 

The  Hollanders  doth  take  such  extraordinary  courses  in 
putting  out  their  cloths  to  the  Chineses,  and  at  such  low  rates  to 
be  paid  the  next  year  in  pepper,  that  we  cannot  sell  any  of  ours, 
because  it  is  not  so  vendible  in  the  country,  for  they  giveth  them 
choice  of  commodities,  that  which  is  fitting  for  the  country, 
whereof  we  have  little  store.  They  have  already  delivered  out 
above  40,000  rials,  thinking  by  that  means  to  get  all  the  pepper 
into  their  hands  the  next  year.  And  as  for  our  commodities 
there  is  not  any  that  will  look  on  it ;  therefore  fitting  that  it 
should  be  transported  to  other  countries  where  some  part  thereof 
may  be  vented,  which  cannot  be  done  without  men  and  shipping. 
And  as  for  the  sailors  there  will  be  no  dealing  with  them  unless 
agreement  be  made  with  them  at  home  for  to  stay  in  the  country 
and  for  their  wages  ;  otherwise  they  will  look  to  have  wages 
beforehand,  else  they  will  not  stay  in  the  country.  And  as  for 
the  merchants  which  are  here  remaining,  I  could  wish  for  some 
more  of  the  like  faculty  and  carriage,  being  all  sufficient  men  for 
their  places.  After  the  departure  of  the  Concord  here  will 
remain  four  besides  myself,  viz.  Richard  Westby,  John  Baylie, 
Samuel  Boyle  and  Wm.  Nicolls,  who  was  purser's  mate  in  the 
Dragon.  Now  for  the  factories  which  are  in  other  places  it  is 
necessary  to  have  staid  men  there  that  may  procure  the  good  of 
the  Company  and  the  love  of  the  people  by  their  good  carriage, 
which  out  of  this  small  number  that  are  here  cannot  be  spared, 
but  our  hope  is  of  supplies  in  the  next  ships ;  which  at  their 
coming  we  hold  it  necessary  to  place  factories  at  Jappara  under 
the  king  of  Mattran   (Mataram  ?)  and  at  Gracia  (Grissee)  both 


278  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

lying  upon  Java ;  as  also  at  Timour,  where  there  is  store  of 
sandal-wood  to  be  bought,  which  is  a  very  good  commodity  at 
the  Coast  and  Suratt,  as  also  here  in  Bantam  when  the  China 
junks  come  ;  as  likewise  these  places  will  vent  those  commo- 
dities which  will  not  sell  here  in  many  years. 

And  as  for  the  trade  of  Sacadana,  there  is  as  yet  but  little 
profit  had  from  thence  but  we  have  better  hopes  hereafter,  if 
there  were  someone  of  experience  and  care  of  his  business. 
The  country  doth  vent  but  a  small  quantity  of  cloth,  but  it  may 
be  at  Borneo,  which  is  the  chiefest  place  of  trade,  there  will  be 
better  sale,  and  bezoar  stones  gotten  for  it.  Also  there  is  a  place 
called  Sambas  betwixt  Sacadana  and  Borneo,  where  there  is 
some  hope  of  store  of  diamonds,  where  Cassarian  David  was  sent 
by  Mr.  Larkin,  but  as  yet  no  certain  news  what  good  may  be 
there  done ;  only  the  king  and  people  of  the  country  are  desirous 
of  trade.  At  present  we  want  a  pinnace  and  men  to  supply  that 
factory  of  Sacadana  and  the  rest  thereabouts  etc.  Here  are 
commodities  lying  on  our  hands  which  to  be  sent  for  England 
are  scarce  worth  the  freight,  as  cinnamon  and  porcelain,  which 
would  yield  good  profit  in  Suratt  or  Dabull,  with  other  merchan- 
dise that  arc  here  to  be  had  vendible  in  those  places  ;  for  which 
purpose  we  want  a  small  ship  of  some  force,  such  as  the  Osiander, 
to  go  to  and  fro,  which  would  not  be  only  profitable  for  the  sale 
of  such  goods  as  are  here  to  be  gotten  but  also  the  return  would 
yield  here  great  profit,  we  now  understanding  what  goods  is 
most  vendible  in  these  countries,  and  what  the  country  of  Suratt 
and  Dabull  doth  yield  etc. 

And  whereas  your  Worships  doth  write,  in  a  letter  directed  to 
Ed.  Camden  or  [the  chief]  factor,  to  use  all  means  to  under- 
stand of  the  dealings  of  Augustine  Spalding  concerning  certain 
cloves  whereof  he  is  accused  to  buy  at  a  low  price  and  sold  [to] 
the  worshipful  Company  at  a  dear  rate,  dealing  underhand  with 
the  Chineses,  I  have  diligently  inquired  about  that  matter  but 
cannot  understand  by  any  circumstance  to  be  guilty  therein,  only 
upon  suspicion  because  of  his  familiarity  with  the  Chineses,  and 
of  some  10  or  15  peculs,  which  he  bought  at  15  rials  per  pecul 
before  the  coming  of  the  ships  for  his  proper  account,  being  full 
of  dirt  and  not  worth   the   money   after   they  were  garbled  or 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  279 

cleansed,  which  he  carried  for  his  own  account  in  the  Solomon. 
Thus  much  I  understand  per  Keewee,  who  was  half  with  him  in 
this  bargain  of  cloves  etc. 

Now  concerning  the  Trades  Increase  that  was  laid  up  on  the 
ooze  (?)  as  per  the  Dragon,  Clove  and  Expedition  your  Worships 
have  at  large  understood  :  about  two  months  past  she  was  fired 
by  night  suddenly  from  stem  to  stern  that  none  could  come  near 
to  quench  it,  which  we  suppose  was  done  of  purpose  by  the 
Javas,  because  formerly  she  had  been  set  on  fire  twice  and  by 
great  help  we  quenched  it  again,  which  now  was  impossible  to 
do,  because  she  was,  as  we  suppose,  laid  all  fore  and  aft  with  this 
country  pitch,  otherwise  she  could  not  have  so  suddenly  taken 
fire,  which  we  suspect  was  done  by  the  better  sort  of  Javas  by 
the  instigation  of  a  renegado  Spaniard  which  is  turned  Moor, 
putting  them  in  the  head  that  in  time  she  might  serve  in  lieu  of 
a  castle.  She  was  burnt  in  one  night  close  to  the  water,  and 
what  was  remaining  of  her  it  is  sold  for  1,050  rials,  as  per  account 
may  appear. 

Thus  having  advised  your  Worships  of  all  matters  which  at 
present  is  in  memory,  and  what  is  wanting  in  this  shall  by  God's 
grace  be  performed  in  the  next,  we  leave,  praying  the  Almighty 
to  bless  your  proceedings  and  augment  the  estate  of  the  worshipful 
Company  to  His  glory  and  the  honour  of  our  nation.     Amen. 

Your  servant  in  all  duty, 

John  Jourdain. 

Geo.  Ball. 

Richard  Westby. 

John  Baylie. 

Sam.  Boyle. 

Postscript. — Right  Worshipful,  this  former  letter  being  dated 
the  2nd  ditto  it  pleased  God  that  the  Globe  safely  arrived  from 
Mesopatam,  weak  of  men  and  other.  And  being  required  per 
Captain  Marlowe  and  Mr.  Floris  to  assist  them  in  a  court  per 
them  called  for  the  good  of  the  worshipful  Company,  wherein  it 
was  concluded  that  the  Concord  should  be  laid  up  for  the  general 
good  of  both  voyages,  according  to  the  copy  of  the  conclusion 
sent  herewith  as  may  at  large  appear ;  and  whereas  there  was 


28o  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

laden  aboard  the  James  3,673  sacks  of  Bantam  pepper  for  the 
account  of  the  Joint  Stock,  according  as  the  bills  of  lading  makes 
mention,  it  is  now  otherwise  concluded,  viz.  that  the  Globe  is  to 
take  in  the  Priaman  pepper  which  was  in  the  Osiandcr,  and 
the  Globe  to  receive  so  much  of  Bantam  pepper  out  of  the  James 
being  formerly  laden  for  the  Joint  Stock  according  to  the  tonnage 
as  per  rato,  the  freight  to  be  paid  according  as  your  Worships  in 
your  discretions  shall  ordain.  The  copies  of  courts  and  agree- 
ments concerning  these  matters  I  send  herewith  ;  if  not  in  as 
ample  manner  as  I  desire,  the  troublesome  captain  of  the  James 
is  cause  thereof,  who  doth  disquiet  both  house  and  fleet,  that  I 
could  better  temporize  with  John  Davis  in  his  drink  than  with 
this  insatiable  captain  in  his  best  wits,  he  being  cross  in  all 
actions  that  doth  concern  the  worshipful  Company's  business. 
And  as  concerning  the  accounts  and  the  state  of  Bantam,  your 
Worships  shall  understand  at  large  per  the  copy  of  the  journal 
now  sent,  which  doth  extend  unto  the  13th  day  of  January,  1614 ; 
and  what  doth  hereafter  pass  until  the  departure  of  the  Globe 
(which  I  hope  will  be  within  ten  days)  I  will,  God  willing,  enlarge 
the  rest,  the  time  not  permitting  at  present  otherwise.  Here- 
withal  I  send  a  note  of  what  provision  is  put  into  the  James, 
also  of  the  men.  And  at  present  I  conclude,  commending  your 
Worships  to  the  merciful  protection  of  Almighty  God  etc. 
Bantam  the  15th  of  January,  1614. 

Your  Worships'  servant, 

John  Jourdain. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  281 

227 

Christopher  Farewell  to  John  Oxwicke  at  Baroche. 
Gembuzar,  3rd  January,  1614. 

R.  OXWICKE,  with  my  love  I  salute  you,  wishing 
your  health  as  my  own  etc.  Yours  of  this  present  I 
received  by  Narranse,  wherein  you  write  you  marvel 
that  neither  of  us  would  advise  you  of  our  safe  arrival 
here,  whereof  we  both  in  our  several  letters  certified  you,  and 
sent  them  by  some  of  our  peons  of  return.  Howsoever,  it 
seemeth  he  hath  not  delivered  them,  and  also  I  then  wrote  you  of 
5  carts  of  indigo,  which  Narranse  had  the  same  night  laden  for 
Baroche,  and  timely  the  next  morning  sent  them  away,  himself 
carefully  seeing  the  indigoes  passed  over  the  river  without  taking 
wet.  Concerning  our  proceedings  here  you  shall  understand  that, 
having  bargained  for  a  matter  of  70  and  odd  maunds  of  anil  at 
several  prices,  when  we  came  to  compare  them  with  the  musters, 
they  were  far  inferior  to  them  in  all  respects  of  goodness,  being 
almost  one  third  part  dirt  and  sand  and  every  way  such  as  pre- 
sently I  washed  my  hands  of  them  ;  expecting  to-morrow  other 
musters  from  the  Aldea,  wherein,  as  occasion  shall  be  offered,  we 
purpose  to  proceed ;  but  as  for  quantity  or  choice,  by  Narranse's 
report  these  parts  afford  neither,  only  some  small  partidos  and 
those  not  very  good.  If  the  abovesaid  had  been  to  content,  we 
had  agreed  for  the  delivery  of  them  at  Baroch  free  of  all  cost, 
and  there  to  have  taken  the  weight  of  them,  with  other  condi- 
tions according  to  the  custom  of  these  places.  And  whereas  you 
write  for  Mr.  Ball  and  Narranse,  they  both  would  have  gone  to- 
morrow morning,  but  that  I  doubt  (upon  our  no  good  success 
hitherto,  and  but  little  likelihood  of  any  hereafter)  we  shall  all 
depart  within  these  three  days  at  the  furthest,  which  at  the  sight 
of  musters  pd.  shall  speedily  be  determined  and  so  to  make 
but  one  journey  of  it,  but  then  at  the  furthest  they  shall  not  fail, 
God  willing,  to  be  with  you ;  for  I  perceive  you  are  troubled  with 
a  bad  commodity,  wherein  the  deceit  of  Patell  and  the  rest 
appeareth,  with  whom,  as  I  wrote  you,  Narranse  had  great  con- 
troversies, who  when  he  saw  great  part  of  Patell's  not  to  answer 
to  the  musters,  by  much  ado  abated  him  upon  43  maunds  (which 


282  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

you  had  agreed  for  22  mamoodies  per  maund)  two  mamoodics  per 
maund,  and  of  other  13  maunds  he  abated  him  half  a  mamoodie 
per  maund.  Narranse  saith  he  standeth  bound  before  the  B 
for  4,800  and  odd  mamoodies,  the  money  of  the  said  anil  sent, 
who  standeth  doubtful  what  will  become  of  the  matter  if  \  ■  •  li 
refuse  the  bargain,  as  his  son's  letter  doth  make  doubtful  ;  but 
he  hopeth  that  you  will  so  far  forth  respect  your  word,  as  he  saith 
he  hath  followed  your  order  and  advice,  so  that  no  prejudice 
befall  him.  Thus,  with  Mr.  Ball's  commendations,  I  commit 
you  and  your  affairs  to  God,  and  do  rest 

Your  loving  friend, 

Chr.  Farewell. 


228 

Thomas  Aldworthc  to  John  Oxwickc,  Christopher  Farewell  and 
Bayly  Ball,  at  Baroche. 
Amadavas,  this  4th  of  January,  1614. 

R.  OXWICKE,  Mr.  Farewell  and  the  rest,  I  commend 
me  to  you  all  etc.  Yours  of  the  28th  December  I 
received,  perceiving  the  good  hopes  you  have  there  to 

be  fitted  with  indigo  that  may  serve  our  turn,  as 
Mr.  Ball  wrote  us ;  and  therefore  I  could  wish  you  to  go  through 
for  some  200  fardles  or  churls,  which  may  contain  five  maunds 
per  churl,  having  moneys  there  to  accomplish  it.  From  Cam- 
baya  we  are  not  to  expect  the  quantity  we  thought  to  have  done, 
and  therefore  hoping  of  all  your  cares  in  the  choosing  of  that 
indigo  that  may  serve  for  England.  We  could  wish  you  to  get 
what  you  can  of  the  better  sort  and  not  of  that  which  will  not 
swim,  which  is  base  and  not  worth  the  sending.  And  so,  not 
having  farther  at  present,  I  commend  you  all  to  God's  protection. 
Mr.  Oxwicke,  I  pray  you  not  to  detain  our  foot-post,  but  let 
him  go  through,  for  our  letters  require  haste ;  for  the  last  time 
you  sent  him  out  of  the  way  to  Cambaya,  which  hindered  us 
much. 

Your  loving  friend, 

Tho.  Aldworthc. 


EAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECORDS  283 


229 

r  John  Oxwicke  to  Thomas  Elkington. 

Baroche,  the  8th  January,  1614. 

R.  ELKINGTON,  Yours  of  the  5th  January.  I  have 
received.  For  the  chop  of  the  Nabob  I  have  received 
as  in  a  former  letter  I  did  write  you,  which  is  suffi- 
cient to  serve  the  turn ;  and  for  the  orders  that  I 
receive  from  Amadavaz,  I  do  intend  they  shall  be  followed,  which 
is  the  main  I  do  aim  at  ;  and  for  such  letters  which  come  to  my 
hand  that  are  yours,  I  do  always  dispeed  them  away  so  soon  as 
possible ;  also  when  I  have  letters  from  thence  and  you  none,  I 
do  advise  of  what  they  do  write,  as  in  a  couple  before  this  I  have, 
or  anything  else  needful.  When  I  send  you  goods  I  will  let  you 
know  thereof  a  day  before,  according  to  your  desire,  be  it  from 
other  parts  or  from  hence.  The  banyan  which  brought  your 
letter  told  me,  as  you  writ,  that  he  had  100  corge  of  baftas, 
which  I  did  desire  to  have  sight  thereof,  but  as  yet  I  hear  nothing 
from  him.  I  shall  well  like  of  them  if  a  pennyworth  may  be  had 
or  as  good  cheap  as  we  do  now  buy  ;  and  so  to  deliver  a  letter  for 
payment  there. 

And  in  your  letter,  Mr.  Elkington,  you  do  much  admire  I  do 
affect  privately  so  much  as  to  send  away  Esay  Butt.  Now 
Mr.  Farewell  and  Mr.  Ball  being  gone,  for  their  being  absent  it 
was  necessary  both  or  none,  or  myself  and  Mr.  Ball  (which  was 
not  so  fit  for  me  to  neglect  this  business  here)  ;  and  for  Esay 
Butt  it  was  thought  meet  by  yourself  when  I  was  there  I  should 
return  him,  not  for  any  particular  meaning  of  thought  to  be 
private,  for  I  do  affect  it  as  little  as  any,  and  for  such  as  are 
appointed  in  this  business  with  me  do  and  shall  know  of  all  that 
passeth  as  far  forth  as  myself,  and  for  such  I  am  a  companion  to 
run  alongst  withal  and  with  others  a  friend  and  companion  too, 
but  not  in  my  business,  I  mean  Esay  Butt,  unless  the  Company 
had  thought  it  fit  to  join  him  with  me  in  commission ;  then 
should  I  have  been  well  pleased.     For  the  security  of  the  estate 


284  EAST  IXD/A   COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

of  the  business,  it  is  secure  here  as  there  by  the  grace  of  God, 
and  if  you  please  to  send  a  better  guard  they  shall  be  welcome. 
Thus,  with   hearty  commendations  to  yourself   and  the   rest,    I 

commit  you  all  to  God. 

Your  loving  friend, 

John  Oxwicke. 

Mr.  Farewell  is  returned  with  Mr.  Ball  and  now  we  will  b 
to  pack.     They  have  bought  no  indigo. 


230 

A  Court  called  the  9th  of  January,  1614. 

HEREAS  the  James,  Globe  and  Osiander  riding  in  the 
road  of  Bantam,  two  of  them,  viz.  tin-  James  and 
Osiander,  being  laden  and  ready  to  set  sail,  the  third 
being  the  Globe  newly  arrived,  in  consideration  of 
their  unfitness  to  proceed  of  their  pretended  voyage  for  England, 
per  reason  of  their  great  need  of  men  and  other  nccessiti' 
general  court  was  called  by  Captain  Marlowe  and  Mr.  Floris  by 
reason  of  their  wants  this  9th  January,  1614,  wherein  they 
demand  men  for  their  supply,  not  daring,  nor  no  ways  holding 
it  convenient,  to  set  sail  with  so  weak  a  company  as  each  of  them 
have  at  present,  having  no  other  ships  or  means  to  supply  their 
wants  but  the  Osiander  and  Concord,  it  being  held  fitting  by  all 
the  court  that  one  ship  should  proceed  to  the  Molluccocs  for- 
merly pretended,  as  well  for  a  future  good  unto  the  right  wor- 
shipful Company  as  a  present  benefit  in  her  now  intended 
voyage ;  it  being  with  deliberation  thought  and  well  considered 
of  by  all  in  general  in  the  present  court,  and  finding  an  impossi- 
bility that  all  the  ships,  manned  as  they  are,  can  proceed  without 
great  danger  and  hazard  both  to  the  ships  and  goods,  therefore 
of  force  one  must  stay  to  supply  the  wants  of  the  other  two,  it 
was  concluded  in  general  that  the  Osiander  was  the  fittest  ship  to 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  285 

stay  for  the  supply  of  the  James  and  Globe,  by  reason  she  is 
of  least  charge  and  fittest  to  stay  in  the  country,  her  men  to  be 
divided  according  to  their  wants  and  to  be  put  into  the  James 
and  Globe ;  Edward  Christian,  formerly  captain  of  the  Osiander 
to  be  captain  and  commander  of  the  Globe  in  as  ample  manner 
as  formerly  was  Captain  Hippon  ;  Master  Peter  Floris  to  deliver 
him  the  king's  commission  for  the  better  government  of  the  ship 
and  men ;  Nathaniel  Salmon,  formerly  master  of  the  Osiander, 
to  go  into  the  Globe  there  to  remain  master,  and  John  Skinner, 
formerly  master  of  the  Globe,  he  being  willing  to  do  the  Com- 
pany service  here  in  the  country,  to  go  into  the  Osiander,  there 
to  remain  master ;  and  Walter  Bennett,  formerly  appointed 
master  of  the  Concord,  to  go  into  the  James  there  to  remain 
master's-mate ;  and  Mr.  Alexander,  formerly  master's-mate  of  the 
Osiander,  to  go  into  the  Speedwell  there  to  remain  master ;  the 
Concord  to  remain  a  roader  in  the  road  of  Bantam  until  further 
supply  from  England,  and  the  Osiander  being  thought  a  fitter 
ship  to  proceed  of  a  voyage  formerly  pretended  to  the  Molluc- 
coes.  And  whereas  it  was  formerly  concluded  that  the  James 
being  ready  should  go  over  for  Moroffe  and  there  to  abide  the 
coming  of  the  Globe,  it  is  now  ordered  that  she  shall  proceed  for 
the  Cape  of  Good  Hope  and  there  to  stay  the  coming  of  the 
Globe  thirty  days,  and  if  the  Globe  shall  not  come  thither  within 
the  term  of  so  many  days,  she  is  then  to  slay  at  St.  Hellenna 
fifteen  days  in  hope  of  the  Globe's  coming  thither,  having  here 
entered  into  agreement,  meeting  at  either  of  these  places  within 
the  time  afore-limited  to  hold  consortship  without  parting  each 
from  other  until  they  arrive  in  England,  except  stress  of  weather 
force  them  thereunto,  each  assisting  one  another  both  with 
defence  and  all  comforts  what  they  may.  In  confirmation 
whereof  they  have  hereunto  set  their  hands  in  the  presence  of 
Captain  Jourdain  and  the  rest  of  the  factors,  Captain  Marlowe 
and  Captain  Christian  having  each  of  them  a  copy  hereof  whose 
names  are  on  the  other  side. 

Edmond  Marlowe.        John  Jourdain.  George  Chauncey. 

Edward  Christian.        George  Ball.  Richard  Cobb. 

Peter  Floris.  Richard  Westby.      Samuel  Boyle. 

John  Davis.  John  Baylie.  William  Nicolls. 


286  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

231 

Thomas  Aldworthc  to  John  Oxwicke,  Christopher  Farewell, 
and  Bayly  Ball,  at  Baroche. 

Amadavas,  this  12th  of  January,  1614. 

[R.  OXWICKE,  Mr.  Farewell,  Mr.  Ball,  I  kindly  com- 
mend me  to  you  etc.  Your  three  letters  yesternight  I 
received,  with  the  bags  of  divers  musters,  perceiving 
the  deceitful  making  of  indigoes  in  those  parts,  whereof 
I  spake  enough  at  my  being  there  with  Mr.  Edwards  and  the  rest, 
though  then  not  hearkened  unto  ;  wherefore,  the  case  standing  as 
now  it  doth,  and  having  received  letters  from  our  General  for  our 
speedy  despatch,  for  that  he  will  not  stay  beyond  the  end  of  this 
present  month,  we  are  now  to  use  all  diligence  to  that  effect  and 
so  I  could  wish  you  all  to  make  the  best  of  that  business  you  have 
begun,  that  it  may  be  in  good  sort  sent  to  the  ships  with  what 
convenient  speed  you  may.  In  my  opinion  [Narranse  ought?]  to 
be  free  from  damage,  being  employed  by  you  [there?]  for  that 
business  and  therefore  you  must  now  compose  it  that  it  may 
turn  to  the  least  disadvantage  you  can  for  all  sides,  reserving 
always  your  credits,  that  no  imputation  be  justly  laid  upon  the 
English.  I  hope  you  will  have  ready  there  one  hundred  fardlcs  at 
least,  that  trial  may  be  made  at  home  what  good  will  be  done 
therewith.  It  is  now  too  late  to  send  you  musters  which  you 
write  for,  and  we,  being  in  the  business  at  present,  must  now  go 
through  it,  hoping  to  despatch  ourselves  herehence  by  the  20th 
of  this  instant,  with  indigo  enough  to  lade  the  Solomon,  if  not 
the  Hector.  I  pray  you  to  get  as  much  cotton  yarn  as  you  may, 
with  all  things  else  according  to  order,  that  you  may  have  all  things 
ready  by  the  time  limited  and  to  mark  your  fardles  of  indigo  with 
the  letter  B,  to  be  known  from  the  rest.  And  thus  in  haste  I 
commend  you  all  to  God's  good  protection. 

Your  loving  friend, 

Tho.  Aldworthe. 

If  you  did  not  heretofore  acquaint   Mr.  Ball  with  your  pro- 
ceedings you  did  ill,  but   if  you  did,  then  you  ought  to  rebuke 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  287 

Mr.  Ball  that  wrote  to  the  contrary ;  for  you  needed  not  to  use 
your  comparisons  with  [us  ?]  except  we  had  first  written  you 
that  we  could  aim  better  at  the  Company's  business  than  your- 
self.    Howsoever,  I  am  glad  of  your  care  and  sufficiency. 

Tho.  Aid. 

I  have  given  your  foot-post  two  mamoodies.     I  pray  you  send 
him  forthwith  to  Suratt  with  these  letters. 


232 

[Wm.  Nicolls  ?]  to  the  East  India  Company. 
Sent  by  Capt.  Marlowe,  in  the  James. 
In  Bantam,  this  14th  of  January,  1614. 

|IGHT  Worshipful,  My  humble  duty  remembered,  etc. 
It  may  please  you  my  last  was  from  Tecoo  by  Captain 
Newport  in  the  Expedition,  wherein  I  certified  of  all 
things  pertinent.  Since  which,  by  means  of  a  leak  in 
the  Osiander  through  the  worm,  Captain  Christian  was  forced  to 
set  sail  for  Bantam  to  new  sheathe,  leaving  me  (as  General  Best 
had  formerly  appointed)  principal,  and  three  others  to  assist  me, 
viz.  (sic)  The  10th  of  January  1613  he  departed  from  Tecoo,  and 
the  26th  of  June  following  returned  ;  in  which  time  of  his  absence 
I  sold  some  18  bales  of  your  goods,  having  left  me  30  bales  and 
bought  of  pepper  only  41  bahars,  being  one  day  permitted  trade 
and  the  other  none.  The  cause  was  by  that  the  Governor  and 
Pon  Leema  precedent  had  hope  to  have  brought  us  to  their  own 
bows,  to  give  their  own  price  in  commodity  and  for  pepper  when 
the  ship  returned,  making  account  that  we  should  have  been  tied 
to  such  a  strait,  what  through  her  great  quantity  of  goods  and 
want  of  relading,  that  they  might  make  their  own  markets  on  us. 
But  their  hopes  were  frustrate  and  our  hand  better  to  your  Wor- 
ships' profits,  although  the  hazard  something  to  have  lived  so  long 
amongst  so  rude  a  nation  in  so  weak  a  case,  but  only  with  four 


288  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

persons  in  all,  whereof  two,  viz.  John  Postle,  an  honest,  careful 
man,  and  Thomas  Symons,  surgeon's  mate,  were  two-thirds  of 
the  time  very  sick,  and  only  left  myself  and  Richard  Lane  to 
effect  all  kinds  of  business  by  day,  as  watch  by  turns  the  whole 
night,  to  our  most  unmeasurable  toil  and  danger  of  loss  of  goods 
and  lives,  having  been  many  times  assaulted  to  be  robbed  with 
three  or  four  ways  broken  into  our  yard  by  night  and  even 
the  walls  attempted  to  be  cut  down  upon  us,  which  we  still  pre- 
vented by  good  heed,  many  times  shooting  off  our  muskets 
through  the  walls  of  our  house  to  their  great  danger,  although 
our  hap  was  never  to  light  on  any  one  of  them,  as  they  lost  their 
hopes. 

At  last  the  ioth  of  January  aforesaid  arrived  Captain  Christian 
in  the  Osiander,  whom  I  fully  possessed  with  all  occurrences 
passed  in  the  pursuit  of  my  business,  advising  him  to  threaten 
them  to  complain  unto  the  king  for  having  denied  me  that  quiet 
trade  which  he  had  granted  by  his  letter  and  warned  them  to 
afford  the  English,  as  also  declaring  our  great  loss  sustained 
thereby,  which  I  told  them  still  in  private,  the  captain  might 
not  dare  but  complain  of  and  prove  the  king's  mind,  not  only  for 
the  present  abuses  but  for  the  time  future,  that  thereafter  your 
Worships  might  accordingly  dispose  of  your  shipping  for  mer- 
chandising from  Suratt,  and  not  furnish  goods  for  that  place 
where  were  wild  abuses  offered ;  all  which  savoured  of  some  truth 
with  them,  insomuch  as  they  persuaded  the  owners  of  the  pepper 
to  sell  us  for  12  baftas  the  bahar,  pretending  to  them  that  their 
former  purposes  were  for  their  especial  avail,  which  not  taking 
effect,  they  should  do  them  but  reason  to  content  us  at  present, 
and  free  them  from  danger  which  they  were  in,  if  we  complained ; 
yet  underhand  we  were  forced  to  give  to  the  Governor  and  Pon 
Leema  if  dollars  and  for  the  king's  custom  one  dollar  or  bafta 
upon  each  bahar,  which  all  charges  stood  your  Worships  in 
14I  dollars  the  bahar  first  penny  ;  and  all  charges  added  doth  not 
stand  your  Worships  in  above  15^  dollars,  having  bought  neither 
more  nor  less  than  525  bahars,  2  qrs.,  22  catties,  as  by  the  account 
thereof  hereinclosed.  So  would  I  have  given  your  Worships  an 
exact  account  of  all  my  sales  of  your  goods  in  form  of  debtor  and 
creditor,  but  Captain  Christian  demanding  view  of  my  day-book 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  2S9 

at  sea,  when  I  was  very  sick  of  a  fever,  I  delivered  it  unto  him, 
which  now  he  detaineth,  pretending  it  belongeth  only  unto  him 
to  give  your  Worships  an  account,  being  principal  by  name  in  the 
business,  but  not  by  nature,  for  I  have  not  only  sold  your  goods 
for  gold  even  all  that  were  uttered  at  Tecoo,  but  bought  and 
bargained  for  all  the  pepper  likewise,  which  was  never  had  in 
those  parts  by  any  English  for  less  than  rive  dollars  more  the 
bahar,  all  charges  cast  into  a  medium,  which  Captain  Christian 
seeing  maketh  account  to  assume  all  as  done  by  himself  by 
accounting  unto  your  Worships ;  and  yet  was  always  willing  I 
should  do  all  things  therein  by  pain  and  labour ;  even  as  in  his 
purser's  books  for  the  Dragon  it  is  manifest  I  have  taken  two- 
thirds  of  the  pains,  as  witnesseth  my  handwriting  extant  in  the 
same.  Thus  of  due  doth  belong  a  portion  of  poundage  unto  me, 
which  I  submit  to  your  Worships'  pleasures,  who  did  ship  me  for 
his  mate  and  not  his  man. 

Since  our  arrival  here,  being  the  26th  day  of  November  last, 
I  have  weighed  out  of  the  Osiander  and  put  aboard  the  James  for 
the  account  of  your  Worships'  Tenth  Voyage  the  number  of 
100  bahars  of  pepper,  each  bahar  containing  400  lbs.  net,  being 
weighed  by  bars  of  lead  marked,  and  was  so  much  delivered 
aboard,  by  her  being  over  deep,  and  some  chests  of  silk  to  be  put 
in  her  which  Captain  Christian  hath  solely  bought,  I  not  being 
worthy  to  know  aught,  although  appointed  by  General  Best  as 
his  merchant  and  with  strict  admonishment  that  he  take  my  help 
and  advice  in  any  of  your  business,  as  also  use  me  better  than 
formerly  he  had  done ;  but  pride  was  always  predominant  in  his 
bosom,  that  even  the  merchants  here  of  ancient  experience  were 
not  wise  enough  to  counsel  him  for  the  buying  his  silks,  which, 
his  self-conceit  carrying  him,  he  bought  at  a  dearer  rate  than 
ordinary ;  so  did  Captain  Jourdain  tell  him  of  it  at  the  table  two 
or  three  times,  alleging  unto  him  that  General  Best  left  order  that 
no  English  merchant  of  what  voyage  soever  should  meddle  in  any 
bargaining  without  their  advice ;  but  his  manner  is  to  seem  to  do 
more  than  indeed  he  can  effectually  perform,  or  how  should  he 
look  for  further  employment  in  the  nature  of  a  captain  from  your 
Worships,  which  he  may  not  let  slip  opportunity  to  maintain,  be 
it  to  your  Worships'  manifest  damage  rather.  For  it  may  please 
Y 1268.  u 


ago  EAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

you  to  understand  the  Globe  arrived  here  the  3rd  present,  and 
the  9th  past  was  a  council  held  here  ashore,  touching  a  supply  of 
men  that  both  the  James  and  she  stood  in  to  carry  them  f<>r 
England  ;  where  it  was  thought  fittest  and  so  determined  that 
the  Osiander's  lading  to  be  put  into  the  Globe  and  men  to  be 
distributed  as  aforesaid ;  only  Edward  Christian's  captainship 
being  like  to  be  frustrate,  he  peremptorily  started  up  uttering  in 
open  court  that  unless  he  might  go  home  captain  of  the  Globe  he 
would  not  consent  or  yield  to  the  same,  preferring  his  most 
abominable  pride  before  your  profits,  who  have  raised  him,  as 
myself,  from  the  cart  to  the  court.  All  which  Mr.  Floris  seeing, 
answered  in  flexible  manner :  You  shall  have  the  commission  of 
Captain  Hippon  rather  than  I  will  stand  out  in  it  to  the  damage 
of  the  worshipful  Company;  having  more  wit  in  his  finger,  as  the 
saying  is,  than  he  hath  in  his  head,  for  I  never  saw  his  works 
aught  worthy  of  praise  but  his  words  great ;  having  threatened 
me  (when  I  have  denied  him  the  sale  of  his  goods  before  your 
own)  that  it  were  better  for  me  to  please  him  anyway  than  to 
contend  with  him,  he  being  in  place  of  command  and  to  be  at 
home  before  me,  where  his  tale  will  be  heard  before  mine  and  can 
do  me  mischief  or  good  at  his  pleasure ;  all  spoken  before 
Mr.  Salmon,  master  now  of  the  Globe,  even  in  the  great  cabin 
aboard  the  Osiander  at  his  departure  for  Bantam  to  sheathe,  which 
I  daresay  Mr.  Salmon  will  not  avouch,  by  his  having  opened  a 
chest  of  money  at  Suratt  out  of  the  Osiander's  hold,  taking  100/. 
out  to  employ  for  his  own,  Mr.  Oliver's  and  Ralph  Crofte, 
purser's,  private  benefits,  which  the  Captain  knowing  of  he  feareth 
will  discover  to  your  Worships,  if  he  should  not  persevere  to 
please  him  by  saying  anything.  But  I  refer  myself  to  your  Wor- 
ships' able  understandings,  whom  I  beseech  to  give  me  the  privi- 
lege of  a  thief,  not  to  condemn  me  before  trial,  and  then  I  shall 
fear  none  ill,  having  always  endeavoured  my  best,  without  respect 
of  my  private  profit  ;  but  that  little  which  I  have  gained  hath 
been  of  my  wits  gathered  out  of  the  customers,  whereof  Captain 
Christian  hath  shared  even  by  force,  and  by  this  only  means  I 
have  maintained  myself  in  clothing  befitting  my  place  in  your 
Worships'  so  great  designs,  which  my  whole  wages  of  30s.  per 
month,  were  it  paid  me  all,  would  but  barely  do.     But  as  I  prove 


EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  291 

I  doubt  not  the  least  of  reward,  to  which  I  refer  me  most 
willingly,  minding  always  to  prosecute  your  business  with  all 
ardency,  when  and  wheresoever  I  shall  be  put  unto  it.  Yet  I 
fear  me  that  Captain  Christian's  private  false  devices  here  of  me 
may  work  me  mischief,  being  so  disdainful  as  I  have  always  found 
him,  but  for  no  other  cause  but  the  motioning  my  best  opinion  in 
your  Worships'  business.  For  it  may  please  you,  having  at 
Cotatinga  (Kataping?)  sold  all  your  baftas  and  only  left  some 
defect  goods,  which  three  or  four  merchants  would  have  bought 
(a  little  underhand)  and  cleared  away  together ;  the  which  I 
acquainted  him  withal  and  to  accept  of  it,  that  we  might  clear 
thence  and  seek  the  rest  of  our  lading  at  Priaman  or  Tecoo, 
saying  further  that,  admit  20  or  30  dollars  be  lost  at  the  most, 
what  is  it  to  despatch  in  a  day,  by  which  certain  charge  of  the 
ship  is  eschewed,  and  the  more  time  at  Pryaman  and  Tecoo  the 
better  hopes  of  good  bargains,  which  I  had  cause  to  fear,  having 
had  greater  experience  of  them  than  Captain  Christian ;  but  he 
would  not  accept  thereof,  his  will  being  his  greater  reason  alleged 
to  me ;  and  afterwards  I  could  not  attain  so  great  a  bargain,  that 
I  must  tell  him  my  mind  of  force  before  I  could  get  him  to  yield 
to  make  despatch,  viz.  I  answered  him  plainly  :  "  Captain,  you 
have  good  store  of  goods  of  your  own,  which  you  value  for  more 
than  will  be  had  at  present,  and  your  hopes  of  better  sales  for 
them  causeth  you  to  reject  my  counsel ;  I  seeing  day  at  a  little 
hole,  for  I  proceeded  in  my  honest  heart's  intention  :  If  you  should 
sell  the  Company's  goods  away  then  indeed,  Captain,  you  have 
no  colour  to  stay  about  your  own  private  market ;  "  whereat  he 
grew  into  a  rage,  threatening  to  charm  my  tongue  by  blows, 
although  all  my  words  were  not  only  mixed  with  fit  terms  as  to  a 
commander  but  tending  to  your  undoubted  profits.  But  how- 
soever my  words,  he  continued  there  at  least  six  weeks  about  his 
said  private  business,  having  only  by  chance  afterward  bought 
about  some  24  bahars  of  pepper,  that  at  that  present  he  had  no 
hope  of  by  ground  of  any  reason,  only  the  Andrapora  (Indrapura) 
men,  hearing  of  our  being  at  Cotatinga  in'  their  way  to  Tecoe,  did 
by  contrary  winds  put  into  Padonge  (Padang),  some  four  leagues 
to  the  southward  of  us,  and  so  came  to  deal  with  us.  For  these 
and  other  my  true  sayings  unto  him  in  your  Worships'  behalf,  he 

u  2 


392  EAST   IXDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

doth  most  maliciously  envy  mc  and  for  aught  I  perceive  hath 
prevailed  here.  But  my  conscience  is  as  a  thousand  witnesses 
that  I  cannot  doubt  of  God's  justice,  who  knoweth  the  secrets  of 
all  hearts,  and  that  in  those  countries  I  can  do  more  in  a  day 
than  he  can  in  three,  having  (as  he  knows)  sufficient  language  and 
more  love  amongst  all  the  people,  if  he  will  acknowledge  it  ;  but 
by  that  it  may  somewhat  impair  his  credit,  he  will  hardly  do. 

Since  my  being  here  I   have  been  very  sick  of  a  flux,  in  which 
time  I  have  writ  out  part  of  my  journal,  I  mean  so  much  as  con- 
cerns your  business  and   herewith   do  send    it.     What  is  therein 
contained  is  as  true  as,  I   thank  God,  I  live  in  health  I 
newly  of  that  disease  by  good  means  under  God  from  this  b< 
Mr.  Wootton. 

I  have  delivered  unto  Captain  Christian  the  account  of  the 
Dragon's  Tenth  Voyage,  which  is  formally  declared,  as  is  fit  \"tir 
business  should  be,  but  through  weakness  of  my  body  at  its 
writing  it  is  but  raggedly  written,  yet  legible,  and  such  as  you 
may  perceive  I  can  give  a  tit  account;  ami  therefore  the  Captain 
cannot  pretend  of  my  insufficiency  in  that  behalf,  although  not 
excellent  by  my  but  slender  practice  in  the  same.     What  is  wanting 

in  mc  I  will  strive  to  amend. 

[Unsigned.] 


233 

George  Chauncey  to  the  East  India  Company,  by  the  James. 
Bantam,  the  15th  of  January,  1614. 

IGHT  Worshipful  Sir,  my  service  remembered  etc. 
May  it  please  your  Worships  to  understand  that  my 
last  unto  your  Worships  was  of  the  14th  of  January 
1612  per  the  Hector,  since  which  I  have  perused  one 
of  your  Worships'  letters  by  the  Concord,  by  which  letter  I 
perceive  your  Worships  received  mine ;  wherein  I  gave  your 
Worships   to   understand     of    the   Globe's   proceeding   and    the 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  293 

James  for  the  coast  of  Coremondell.  And  now  that  your  Wor- 
ships may  be  advertised  what  hath  passed  since,  may  it  please 
you  to  understand  that  we  arrived  with  the  James  the  6th  of 
June  1613,  in  the  road  of  Petepoley  (Petapoli),  whereas  having 
a  cowl  for  trade  we  landed  what  goods  and  moneys  was  thought 
fitting  for  that  place,  whereas  myself  being  appointed  chief  with 
Mr.  Brockedon  for  that  employment.  So  leaving  Mr.  Brockedon 
there,  I  went  in  the  ship  for  Massulapatam.  So  about  the 
20th  ditto  we  arrived  in  the  road  of  Massulapatam,  whereas 
Mr.  Gourney  being  there  settled,  and  I  having  served  the  way 
of  that  trade  so  far  as  my  knowledge  did  give  me  leave,  I 
returned  again  to  Petepoley,  whereas  we  made  sale  of  our  goods 
and  made  our  employments  again,  in  such  commodities  as  by 
our  instructions  we  had  of  Mr.  Peter  Floris  and  Mr.  Lucas 
Antheunis.  So  that  Mr.  Gourney  having  made  his  employment  in 
Masulapatam  and  embarked  all  his  goods,  the  ship  coming  to 
Petepoley,  in  the  meantime  about  the  fine  of  December  arrived 
the  Globe  in  the  road  of  Massulapatam  with  Captain  Essington, 
Peter  Floris  and  Adam  Denton.  So  it  being  held  fit  for  the 
good  of  both  voyages,  that  Adam  Denton  should  proceed  with 
the  James  by  reason  of  his  experience  in  those  parts  where  the 
James  were  to  go,  and  myself  to  stay  with  Mr.  Floris  for  the 
service  of  the  Globe,  which  accordingly  we  have  done.  So  the 
James  set  sail  for  Bantam  from  Petepoley  the  8th  day  of  Feb- 
ruary, 1613,  and  myself  arrived  some  5  days  after  in  Masulapa- 
tam, whereas  I  found  Mr.  Floris,  but  the  ship  was  gone  for  the 
river  of  Narsuparpeta  to  be  trimmed  and  also  Captain  Essington 
remained  there  to  see  it  performed,  till  the  17th  of  May  he  ended 
this  life;  upon  whose  death  Mr.  Floris  went  thither  to  see  all 
matters  whatsoever  set  in  order ;  and  by  reason  of  his  great 
business  in  Masulapatam  he  could  not  spare  my  absence,  so  he 
established  Mr.  Skinner  to  see  all  matters  whatsoever  performed. 
But  he  not  being  so  careful  as  he  might  have  been  that 
Mr.  Floris  was  constrained  to  send  me  thither  and  to  discharge 
Mr.  Skinner,  which  I  did  and  arrived  in  Narsuparpeta  the  19th  of 
July,  and  having  taken  account  of  Mr.  Skinner  of  all  land  matters 
I  remained  there  till  the  3rd  of  October  our  ship,  being  careened, 
thanks  [be  to]  God,  came  safe  over  the  bar  of  Narsuparpeta  and, 


294  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

having  taken  all  her  provision  in,  she  was  by  force  of  winds  and 
foul  weather  broke  from  her  cable  and  lost  her  anchor;  so  that 
she  was  forced  to  Masulapatam  road,  where  she  arrived  safe, 
thanks  be  to  God,  the  23rd  ditto.  But  I,  having  discharged  all 
business  both  for  ship  and  shore,  arrived  in  Masulapatam  four 
days  before  the  ship.  So  at  our  coming  thither  rinding  Mr.  Floris 
almost  ready,  only  the  Governor  and  two  or  three  more  to 
be  indebted  about  8  or  9,000  rials,  and  that  their  time  of  pay- 
ment being  seven  months  past  and  still  driving  us  off  from  day 
to  day  ;  so  in  the  end,  seeing  little  hope  of  payment  or  none  at 
all  to  be  expected,  we  agreed  to  take  the  Governor's  son  prisoner, 
which  the  24th  of  November  we  performed  out  of  the  king's 
custom  house  and  carried  him  aboard  our  ship  prisoner  in  spite 
of  1,000  of  his  people,  to  the  Company's  benefit,  the  honour  of 
our  king  and  country  and  to  the  great  content  of  all  the  Moors. 
This  Governor  is  indebted  to  the  Dutch  7,000  rials  and  hath 
been  this  seven  years  but  they  will  never  get  a  cash  from  him. 
This  Governor  is  a  Brahman  and  a  very  great  tyrant.  So 
Mr.  Floris  going  aboard  with  the  Governor's  son,  left  me  ashore 
to  receive  our  debts,  which  I  did  in  six  days  and  laded  them 
aboard  in  indigo,  cinnamon  and  cotton  yarn.  For  all  matters 
which  passed  in  this  conflict  I  refer  your  Worships  to  the  mouths 
of  Mr.  Floris  and  the  rest  when  it  shall  please  God  to  send  them 
to  your  Worships  in  safety,  for  it  is  too  tedious  to  set  down. 
So  we  making  as  good  [speed  ?]  as  possibly  we  could  we  set  sail 
from  Massulapatam  the  8th  day  of  December  and  in  26  days  we 
arrived  safe  in  Bantam  road,  whereas  we  found  roaders  the 
James,  the  Osiander,  the  Concord  and  Speedwell,  where  upon 
our  coming  there  was  held  a  court,  where  it  was  generally  agreed 
upon  that  the  James  and  Globe  should  proceed  home,  and  by 
reason  of  want  of  men  of  both  ships  so  it  was  agreed  that  the 
Concord  should  stay  here  in  the  road  till  a  new  supply,  and  her 
men  to  supply  the  other  two  ships  Globe  and  James,  and  the 
Osiander  to  go  to  the  Molouckes,  and  Captain  Christian  to  be 
captain  of  the  Globe  and  Mr.  Salmon  to  be  master,  and 
Mr.  Skinner  to  go  master  in  the  Osiander  for  the  Molouckes 
with  Mr.  Ball  chief  merchant,  and  for  myself  to  go  a  passenger 
in  the  same  ship  for  Macassar  there  to  remain  chief  and  to  do 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  295  . 

your  Worships  the  best  service  I  am  able  to  the  uttermost  of  my 
power,  if  it  please  God  to  send  me  my  health  ;  for  at  this  present 
I  being  very  sick  and  weak  am  not  able  to  write  your  Worships 
at  large,  but  what  I  have  let  pass  I  refer  your  Worships  to 
Mr.  Floris  and  Captain  Marlowe  who  I  doubt  not  but  will  certify 
your  Worships  at  large.  The  Globe  will  [be  ready  ?]  to  set  sail 
in  15  days  and  the  Osiander,  but  because  I  would  not  altogether 
be  thought  negligent  I  have  thought  fit  to  certify  your  Worships 
somewhat  of  our  proceedings,  though  not  so  large  as  I  ought ; 
but  I  beseech  your  Worships  to  hold  me  excused  being  at  present 
very  ill.  So  with  my  prayers  to  God  for  your  Worships'  happy 
proceedings  in  all  your  actions,  I  rest 

Your  Worships'  servant  to  command, 

George  Chauncey. 


234 

Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxwicke  at  Baroche. 
Laus  Deo.     In  Surat,  the  19th  January,  1614. 

R.  OXWICKE,  I  heartily  commend  me  unto  you  with 
desire  of  your  health  etc.  My  last  unto  you  was  of 
the  17th  present  per  Bamond,  since  which  have 
received  yours  of  the  12th,  15th  and  17th  present ; 
and  with  yours  of  the  12th  a  bill  of  exchange  of  2,258  mamoodies, 
which  at  sight  thereof  I  paid.  Your  other  bill  of  660  mamoodies 
was  yesternight  presented  late  unto  me ;  this  morning,  God 
willing,  when  the  party  cometh  it  shall  be  paid. 

I  perceive  of  eight  carts  come  from  Amadavar  you  have 
passed  over  the  river ;  I  wonder  we  have  no  certain  advice  from 
Mr.  Aldworthe  thereof.  Long  since  he  writ  me  there  should 
be  808  maunds  thereof,  which  I  conceive  cannot  come  in  eight 
carts  ;  so  it  may  be  there  are  more  carts  of  this  complement  yet 
behind.  It  seems  it  is  to  go  directly  to  Swally  ;  God  grant  there 
be  no  stoppage  in  the  way.      Hitherto  I  hear  not  more  of  it. 


396  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

Also  we  understand  that  as  this  night  you  purpose  to  send  away 
such  goods  as  you  had  in  readiness,  whereof  I  pray  take  such 
order  that  we  may  hear  when  it  cometh  to  Veriaw  (Variao), 
whereby  we  may  procure  the  customers  to  go  thither  to  despatch 
it  for  Swafly,  and  with  it  I  pray  send  testimonial  of  the  cus- 
tomers there  and  brokers  of  the  quantity  and  what  it  costeth,  for 
the  more  easier  despatch  thereof. 

The  chop  you  write  I  sent  of  the  Nabob's  scrveth  only  for 
despatch  of  the  goods,  but  for  the  custom  you  arc  fain  to  pay, 
which  I  think  is  not  to  be  avoided;  for  so  wc  arc  forced  to  pay 
for  the  cloths  that  went  from  hence. 

The  antelopes  you  write  you  will  send  shall  be  carefully  looked 
unto. 

We  have  news  for  certain  that  the  Viceroy  with  9  ships  and 
some  40  frigates  was  four  days  past  at  Barsall  (Bulsar?)  some 
27  course  from  the  bar  of  Surat,  where  hourly  wc  expect  to  hear 
of  his  approach.  Some  40  frigates  other  are  already  come,  who 
sent  a  man  up  to  entreat  of  peace  with  the  Nabob ;  to  whom 
yesterday  the  Shabunder  went,  but  as  yet  not  returned.  I  doubt 
it  is  some  trick  of  the  Portingals  to  feed  them  with  hopes  and 
then  suddenly  to  come  upon  them. 

Mr.  Aldworth  hoped  to  despatch  all  and  come  away  by  the 
20th  of  this  present  and  to  be  fitted  with  sufficient,  with  what 
you  provide  at  Baroch,  to  lade  home  the  Hector.  I  have  since 
the  8th  writ  you  many  letters,  viz.  of  the  7th  with  14th,  15th  and 
17th  present,  all  which  I  hope  ere  this  are  come  unto  your  hands. 
Not  having  others  at  present,  with  commendations  to  Mr.  Fare- 
well, Mr.  Ball,  etc.,  I  commit  you  to  God's  holy  protection  and 

rest 

Your  loving  friend, 

Tho.  Elkington. 

Since  the  writing  of  the  former,  I  have  received  letters  from 
our  General  that  seven  of  the  Portingal  ships  yesterday  were  in 
sight  but  as  far  off  at  sea  as  they  could  perceive  them. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  297 

235 

Thomas  Keridge  to  the  East  India  Company  (sent  by  the  Hope). 
Laus  Deo.     In  Agemere,  the  20th  January,  1614. 

|ONOURABLE  and  Right  Worshipful, 

My  humble  duty  remembered  etc.  The  20th  of 
September  past  I  wrote  your  Worships  of  the  past 
and  sent  it  Mr.  Aldworthe  to  have  been  conveyed  per 
way  of  Muselepatan,  when  in  the  interim  it  pleased  God  to  send 
Captain  Downton  and  those  ships  under  his  command  to  Suratt 
in  safety  (blessed  be  God  for  so  high  a  favour).  One  of  them 
Mr.  Aldworthe  hath  written  me  goeth  directly  for  England,  per 
whom  I  have  advised  him  to  send  the  said  letters,  whereunto  I 
refer  me. 

At  the  coming  of  these  your  ships  Mr.  Aldworthe  advised 
me  of  Mr.  Wm.  Edwards  appointed  chief  for  your  Worships' 
negotiations  in  these  parts,  and  that  below  it  was  concluded  he 
should  be  resident  at  the  court,  which  for  many  reasons  is  requi- 
site, not  only  for  giving  satisfaction  to  the  king,  and  right  to  us 
for  many  abuses  which  else  will  be  offered,  but  also  for  the  dis- 
persing of  our  commodities  and  people  in  these  parts  etc.  He 
wrote  me  also  of  a  present  brought  for  the  king,  and  that 
Mr.  Edwards  purposed  not  to  show  the  same  to  Mocrob  Chan 
nor  any  other  until  it  came  unto  the  king's  view,  which  knowing 
it  would  be  difficult  for  him  to  perform,  I  procured  the  king's 
letter  unto  him  for  that  purpose  wherein  he  commanded  Mocrob 
Chan  to  suffer  the  presents  pass  unopened.  And  therewith  I  wrote 
unto  the  General  etc.  of  such  things  as,  in  my  opinion,  had  been 
requisite  to  have  been  done  before  the  lieger's  coming  thence  ; 
but  in  their  answer  to  me  perceive  Mr.  Edwards  was  departed 
before  the  receipt  thereof  and  his  present  perused,  which  at  the 
coming  of  other  ships  may  be  prevented,  for  the  king  will  be 
best  pleased  to  have  the  first  sight  himself.  And  now  I  am  in 
daily  expectation  of  the  lieger's  coming.  God  send  him  in  safety. 
I  hope  he  is  well  furnished  with  toys  for  the  king  and  nobility, 
will  (which  ?)  above  all  things  will  here  prevail  and  cause  our 
business  to  go  current,  whereof  I  nothing  doubt  so  long  as  they 


298  EAST   fNDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

bring  sufficient  force  to  resist  their  enemies,  who  by  all  possible 
means  endeavour  to  root  us  hence,  for  which  cause  they  pretend 
their  present  wars  with  this  people,  who  think  it  reason  that  in 
regard  the  Portingals  have  done  them  so  many  injuries  for  our 
cause,  we  also  should  do  something  to  assist  them;  and  I  think 
it  will  be  required  of  the  lieger  at  his  coming  hither,  for  some  of 
them  have  propounded  the  same  unto  me  and  I  wish  that  all 
your  ships  had  authority  so  to  do.  Then  would  not  our  enemies 
be  so  forward  in  seeking  to  prejudice  us,  but  have  much  to  do  to 
preserve  their  own,  whereas  the  want  thereof  doth  embolden 
them  to  any  mischief.  The  Viceroy  of  Goa  in  a  letter  lately 
written  to  this  king  wrote  very  basely  of  our  nation,  terming  us 
thieves,  disturbers  of  states  and  a  people  not  to  be  permitted  in 
a  commonwealth,  and  that  if  the  king  received  us  they  would 
never  have  peace  with  him,  but  do  him  all  possible  prejudice, 
threatening  to  effect  some  great  exploit  upon  these  your  ships, 
and  after  to  take  all  the  seaports.  A  copy  of  this  letter  I  desired 
to  have  sent  your  Worships  but  could  not  procure  it,  being  it 
was  only  interpreted  unto  the  king  and  not  translated.  Another 
letter  formerly  written  from  the  Viceroy  to  a  Jesuit  now  in  Suratt 
was  intercepted,  the  copy  whereof  I  procured  and  have  sent  the 
translation  herewith,  that  your  Worships  may  the  better  perceive 
the  present  business  betwixt  this  people  and  the  Portingals. 
Since  much  mischief  hath  been  done  this  people  on  the  sea  coast, 
the  relation  whereof  I  refer  to  your  people  in  Suratt,  who  have 
more  certain  notice. 

At  the  coming  of  these  ships  Mr.  Aldworthe  wrote  me  they 
purposed  to  send  up  hither  1,000/.  to  be  invested  in  round 
indigo  of  Agra  and  that  in  four  days  I  should  expect  the  same, 
wishing  me  to  advise  Nicholas  Withington  for  his  care  and  haste 
therein,  who  being  in  Agra  I  sent  the  copy  of  the  said  letter  unto 
him,  and  he  in  expectation  of  the  promised  moneys  bought  some 
500/.  worth  of  indigo  upon  credit,  to  be  paid  in  ten  days  after, 
and  dispeeding  the  same  with  a  parcel  formerly  in  readiness,  all 
was  seized  on  by  the  Governor  of  Agra,  who  about  that  time  had 
received  a  sharp  letter  from  the  king,  blaming  his  neglect  for 
letting  the  goods  of  certain  Portingals  unattached  and  wrote  him 
he  should  look  well  that  no  Frangueis'  goods  were  transported 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  299 

from  thence,  upon  which  letter  to  show  his  diligence  he  hindered 
the  departure  of  ours,  including  us  within  the  word  Frangueis  ; 
whereof  having  intelligence,  I  procured  from  the  king  his  man- 
date unto  the  Governor  for  the  releasing  of  it,  and  that  futurely 
he  should  not  meddle  with  any  goods  appertaining  unto  the  Eng- 
lish ;  and  accordingly  at  sight  thereof  the  goods  were  redelivered, 
and  that  taken  upon  credit  Nicholas  Withington  again  restored 
to  their  owners,  for  neither  moneys  nor  bills  of  exchange  came  to 
make  payment,  which  caused  him  to  doubt  all  things  went  not 
well  with  our  people  at  Suratt.  And  hearing  divers  uncertain 
reports  of  our  ships  he  wrote  me  he  thought  fit  not  to  send  the 
other  indigo  until  farther  advice  from  thence,  we  having  received 
but  one  letter  since  the  ship's  arrival.  In  my  answer  I  blamed 
his  oversight  and  wished  him  to  send  the  goods  presently  away, 
and  few  days  after  received  letter  from  Mr.  Aldworthe  to  the 
same  effect ;  upon  the  receipt  whereof  he  sent  it,  being  33  fardles 
of  indigo,  which  three  days  since  came  hither,  and  the  next  day 
I  sent  it  hence,  but  much  doubt  it  will  not  come  in  time  to  go 
home  upon  the  first  ship,  which,  as  they  write,  shall  depart  by 
the  20th  of  February,  so  impossible  for  these  goods  to  be  there 
by  that  time.  Mr.  Canning's  things  also  which  were  left  at  Agra 
are  sent  therewith. 

Concerning  Midnall's  goods,  in  my  last  I  certified  your  Wor- 
ships how  far  I  had  proceeded.  Since  have  been  in  suit  with  the 
Frenchman  and  recovered  from  him  more  unto  the  former,  in 
goods  and  moneys  almost  to  the  value  of  100/. ;  but  he  with  the 
Jesuits'  help  and  the  testimony  of  other  Christians  here,  who 
were  eye  witnesses  to  the  conclusion  betwixt  Newman  and  Mid- 
nail  in  Espahawne  (Ispahan)  and  I  in  defence  laid  so  upon  the 
Frenchman  and  Jesuits'  cozenage  in  this  business,  that  the  king 
thought  neither  of  us  had  sufficient  right  thereunto ;  so  disposed 
of  it  to  his  own  use  and  willed  the  moneys  to  be  delivered  into 
his  treasury  and  the  goods  unto  his  household  officers  to  be  spent. 
Notwithstanding,  by  the  help  of  letters  from  Suratt  and  extra- 
ordinary presents  (with  a  private  gift)  and  means  used,  I  have 
recovered  it,  and  before  the  coming  of  your  ships  the  king  granted 
the  restoring  thereof  unto  me,  wherein  I  have  had  incredible 
pains,  first  in  getting  the  king's  grant  firmed  by  the  nobility 


300  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

and  after  his  second  confirmation  thereof  (as  a  matter  merely  of 
gift),  and  since  in  seeking  out  what  is  become  of  the  goods,  which 
is  delivered  to  so  many  men  that  it  is  beyond  credit  intricate, 
chargeable  and  tedious  to  recover  (which  I  hope  will  by  your 
Worships  be  considered),  not  so  much  for  the  sum,  which  is 
small,  as  the  credit  to  our  nation.  I  have  received  some  3,400 
rupees  in  ready  money  and  am  now  labouring  for  moneys  for  the 
goods,  which  received  I  have  a  farther  claim  to  the  Frenchman 
and  have  stopped  100/.  of  his  wages  in  the  king's  hands  for 
certain  moneys  he  oweth  Midnall  and  goods  missing  which  he 
denieth  etc. 

I  have  not  received  any  notice  from  below  what  quantities  of 
commodities  are  brought  upon  these  ships  ;  so  cannot  directly 
advise  of  what  were  needful  per  the  next.  In  my  last  I  wrote 
what  quantities  of  cloth  were  fitting,  which  of  our  commodities 
is  the  chiefest  in  request  here  (I  mean  for  quantity),  viz.  400 
broadcloths,  whereof  the  one  half  may  be  stammels  and  Venice 
reds  ;  the  rest  popinjays,  yellows  and  grass  greens  ;  and  of  all 
colours  that  are  light,  smaller  quantities ;  no  sad  blues  nor  sad 
colours  at  any  hand.  And  if  amongst  the  said  parcel  you  send 
some  40  or  50  cloths  of  higher  than  ordinary  price,  for  the  court, 
I  think  they  would  give  content  and  sell  pro  rato  for  as  much 
profit  as  the  others  ;  they  may  be  of  price  from  15  to  20I.  per 
cloth,  sorted  for  colours  as  the  rest ;  great  care  ought  to  be  had 
both  in  cloth  and  colour,  for  in  the  Dragon  there  came  much 
slight  cloth  at  high  rates,  which  disgraceth  the  commodity,  for 
they  are  not  ignorant  in  the  goodness  as  is  supposed.  Coarse 
cloths  you  may  not  send,  for  within  40  miles  of  this  place  it  is  to 
be  had  cheaper  than  in  England.  Devon  kerseys  also  about  100 
or  150  pieces  will  vent,  for  having  disposed  of  those  we  brought 
they  now  desire  of  them,  sorted  for  colours  as  the  cloths.  And 
for  that  this  people  much  desire  novelties  and  toys,  in  my  opinion 
it  were  not  amiss  if  you  caused  three  or  four  hundred  pounds 
yearly  to  be  employed  in  Vennyce  for  that  purpose,  viz.  looking- 
glasses  of  all  fashions  set  and  unset,  Venetian  drinking  glasses 
and  dishes  of  all  sorts,  pictures  painted,  printed,  in  wood,  in 
stone,  in  wax,  and  such-like  toys,  of  all  sorts  some  small  quantity  ; 
and  if  you  procured  a  small  crystal  chest  to  set  jewels  in  of 


EAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECORDS  301 

five,  six,  or  seven  hundred  dollars  in  price,  I  think  it  would  be 
esteemed,  for  the  king  hath  seen  some  such.  Five  hundred  or  a 
thousand  sword  blades  crooked,  of  this  country  fashion,  may  be 
vented  at  4,  5  and  6  dollars  the  piece,  provided  they  be  of  such 
metal  that  with  bending  they  neither  break  nor  rest  crooked  ; 
otherwise  they  will  not  be  esteemed.  And  for  the  king  some  toys 
of  new  invention  ;  for  so  in  his  firmans  to  his  port  governors  he 
writes  for  things  which  none  hath  seen. 

In  my  last  I  wrote  unto  your  Worships  for  the  disposing  of 
my  wages  for  the  time  past.  Now,  considering  my  stay  here  is 
likely  to  be  long,  I  am  a  further  suitor  unto  your  Worships  that 
you  will  be  pleased  to  increase  my  allowance  and  to  appoint  my 
place  in  your  service.  I  hope  the  small  experience  which  (for 
your  service)  I  have  obtained  may  make  me  fit  to  deserve  it  ; 
however  my  best  endeavours  shall  not  be  missing.  And  for  that 
it  pleaseth  you  to  extend  your  favours  to  such  as  serve  an  East 
Indian  voyage  in  preferring  their  place  and  means  in  a  second 
employment,  and  considering  I  have  served  like  time,  I  am  em- 
boldened to  presume  on  your  favours  also,  which  shall  give  me 
encouragement  to  hazard  myself  in  any  business  that  may 
redound  to  the  benefit  of  your  Worships.  And  thus,  wishing 
prosperous  events  to  this  and  all  other  your  worthy  designs,  in 
my  best  devotion  I  recommend  your  Worships  to  the  Almighty's 
most  gracious  protection,  and  rest 

Your  Worships'  humblest  servant, 

Tho.  Keridge. 

Postscript. — All  sorts  of  jewels  are  here  in  good  request  and 
ballasses  if  brought  from  England  will  sell  to  good  profit.  They 
must  be  fair  and  of  the  lightest  that  are  to  be  gotten,  of  30, 
40  or  50  carats  but  none  under  20,  for  the  smaller  sorts  they 
esteem  not. 

Tho.  Ker. 


302  EAST    INDIA    COMPANTS  RECORDS 

236 

George  Chauncey  to  the  East  India  Company. 
Sent  per  the  Globe. 
Bantam,  the  21st  January,  1614. 
IGHT  Worshipful  Sir,  my  service  remembered  etc.  My 
last  unto  your  Worships  was  of  the  15th  ditto  per  the 
James,  since  which  time  nothing  of  importance  hath 
happened ;  but  whereas  it  was  thought  fittest  for  the 
Osiander  to  proceed  to  the  Molocoes,  but  now  the  Osiander's 
pepper  being  laden  aboard  the  Globe,  they  do  find  her  not  at 
present  sufficient,  by  reason  the  monsoon  for  the  Molocoes  being 
almost  spent ;  therefore  for  the  quicker  despatch  it  is  thought 
fittest  to  proceed  with  Concord  for  Macaser  and  the  Molocoes, 
who  at  present  is  laden  and  all  provisioned,  with  God's  help  to 
set  sail  to-morrow,  whom  I  beseech  God  prosper  for  His  mercy's 
sake.  Here  followeth  the  copy  of  my  last  of  the  15th  ditto  sent 
by  the  James. 

[The  rest  of  the  letter  is  a  recapitulation  of  his  previous  letter  of 
15th  January  (0.  C.  233) '  . 

Your  Worships*  servant  to  command, 

George  Chauncey. 
I  could  find  in  my  heart  to  go  home  to  come  a  captain  out 
because  I  would  do,  as  they  do,  domineer  over  merchants,  which  is 
a  great  grief  to  the  liegers  in  the  country,  but  I  hope  your  Wor- 
ships [  ]    will  see  to  such  matters. 

237 

Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxwicke  in  Baroche. 

Laus  Deo.     In  Surrat,  the  21st  January,  1614. 

jOVING  Friend,  your  health  etc.     My  last  to  you  was 

of  the  19th  present  per  your  peon  of  return  ;  wherein 

I  wrote  you  of  the  Viceroy's  coming  to  the  bar,  where 

he  rid  quietly  till  yesterday  and  then  sent  three  ships 

to  Swally  with  35  or  36  frigates,  whereupon  one  of  our  smallest 

ships  went  out  and  fought  with  them  and  in  the  end  forced  the 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  303 

frigates  to  fly  and  took  the  three  ships,  which  after  an  hour's 
possession  our  General  set  on  fire.  I  have  not  any  writing  hereof 
but  confirmed  by  many  messengers  to  the  Nabob,  and  make  no 
doubt  of  the  truth  thereof.  God  grant  us  the  like  success  with 
the  rest,  and  make  us  thankful  for  this.  If  your  goods  were  not 
in  the  way  I  could  wish  you  till  you  hear  further  to  keep  them 
there ;  and  so  I  pray  do  for  what  goods  shall  come  from  Amadavar, 
though  it  may  be  somewhat  chargeable.  Our  tin  I  have  sold  at 
39  mamoodies  per  maund,  and  am  in  price  for  the  lead  ;  as  any 
occasion  shall  offer  I  will  write  you.  This  bearer  I  send  for 
Amadavar  with  the  news,  which  I  pray  delay  not  ;  and  so  with 
commendations  to  all  with  you,  I  commit  you  to  God  and  rest 

Yours  always  to  command, 

Tho.  Elkington. 


238 

Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxwicke  in  Baroche. 
Laus  Deo.     In  Surrat,  the  23rd  January,  1614. 

|OVING  Friend,  your  health  desired,  etc.  My  last 
[unto  you  ?]  was  of  the  21st,  wherein  I  wrote  you  the 
success  [our  ?]  General  had  with  the  Portingals  on 
Friday  in  the  afternoon,  which  since  is  confirmed  by 
some  of  our  own  people  that  are  come  hither  about  some  busi- 
ness. The  Hope  being  the  first  that  began  the  fight,  being  at 
once  laid  aboard  per  the  three  Portingal  ships  and  as  many 
Portingal  frigates  as  could  lie  about  her,  having  entered  their 
men  into  her  and  twice  got  their  forecastle  (?)  but  they  very 
lustily  shipped  (?)  them  off  again  till  such  time  as  the  other  ships 
came  and  rescued  her,  else  they  would  have  put  her  in  great 
danger.  The  Portingals  came  running  aboard  with  great  resolu- 
tion, not  so  much  as  shooting  a  shot,  but  their  courages  were 
soon  quailed.  There  were  in  their  three  ships  many  cavaliers,  the 
most  part  whereof  were  most  miserably  burned  and  drowned  ;  so 
is  the  [report  ?]  they  lost  in  all  between  four  and  five  hundred 


304  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

men.     Of  our  people  were  slain  in  the  Hope  two  and  hurt  some 
15  or  16,  and  her  mainmast  top  and  head  a  little  burnt  ;  two 
killed  in  the  Hector,  whereof  the  coxswain  one,  killed  [ 
of  a  piece  which  he  had  not  well  sponged.     God  make    [us  ?] 
thankful  for  so  good  a  beginning. 

Yours   of   the  21st   present   I  have   received,  with   notes   of 
[  ]  custom-house,  which  I  hope  will  somewhat  stead  us    in 

the  ?]  clearing  of  our  goods.  I  perceive  what  goods  you  have 
[sent  ?] ,  which  this  night  I  expect  will  be  in  Veriaw,  where 
order  shall  be  taken  for  them  ;  but  pray  you  not  to  [send  ?]  any 
more  till  you  hear  further,  as  also  to  stay  [  ]  such  goods  as 

shall  either  come  from  Amadavar  or  Cambaya,  till  we  see  whether 
our  General,  whilst  he  remaincth  on  these  terms  with  the  Portin- 
gals,  would  take  in  any  goods  or  not.  If  not,  I  think  they  would 
be  in  more  safety  with  you  than  us. 

I  have  of  late  received  divers  of  your  letters,  which  I  have  not 
now  time  to  look  the  particular  dates,  but  think  they  are  all  you 
have  sent  ;  and  have  paid  four  of  your  bills  of  exchange,  the  last 
being  of  800  mamoodies.  As  any  more  cometh  they  shall  like- 
wise be  paid.  There  is  to  come  from  Cambaya  50  churls  indigo 
with  some  other  things,  all  charges  whereof,  they  write  me,  are 
paid.  Notwithstanding  [I  received?]  a  letter  from  a  banyan  who 
writes  that  the  goods  are  arrived  at  Jambuser  but  wanteth  money 
and  charges.  If  they  should  not  be  come  to  Baroch  at  receipt 
hereof,  I  pray  send  some  one  thither  to  take  order  about  them. 
If  you  should  much  want  baskets  for  the  packing  of  your  indigo, 
if  you  write  they  shall  be  sent  you.  Thus,  with  commendations 
to  Mr.  Farewell  and  Mr.  Ball,  I  commit  you  to  God  and  rest, 

Your  loving  friend, 

Thomas  Elkington. 

There  were  in  the  fight  sunk  some  six  or  seven  frigates. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  305 

239 

Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxwicke  in  Baroche. 

In  Surrat,  the  24th  January,  1614. 

OVING  Friend,  I  heartily  commend  me  unto  you,  etc. 
Yesterday  by  your  peon  I  wrote  you  a  few  lines,  to 
which  I  do  refer  me  ;  after  which,  I  received  yours  of 
the  22nd,  thereby  perceiving  of  the  stay  of  such  goods 
as  you  formerly  sent  at  Eaclefere  (Ankleswar  ?),  to  which  you 
had  added  48  churles  indigo  more,  all  to  come  together,  which 
this  night  I  hope  will  be  in  Veriaw.     God  send  it  in  safety. 

The  2  covads  of  cloth  you  write  for,  to  whomsoever  you  give 
order  for  the  delivery  thereof  it  shall  be  done,  of  such  colours  as 
I  have  here,  only  a  remnant  of  Venice  red  and  a  remnant  of 
popinjay  ;  the  rest  all  sent  for  Agemere. 

Yesterday,  as  also  in  a  former,  I  wrote  you  not  to  send  any 
goods,  as  also  to  stay  whatsoever  cometh  from  any  other  part ; 
but  since  I  have  advice  from  our  General  to  bring  down  goods 
and  he  doubteth  not  of  taking  them  in  by  God's  help,  the  Portin- 
gals  since  the  last  fight  remaining  quiet  and  now  is  thought  can 
do  nothing  till  the  next  spring,  against  which  time  our  General 
hopeth  to  be  fitted  for  them  and  to  have  cured  the  Hope's  main- 
mast, which  if  it  had  not  been  for  that  mischance  he  would  this 
spring  have  put  them  to  it  to  have  made  an  end  one  way  or 
other.  Therefore  now  what  goods  you  have  ready  or  what  other 
cometh  from  any  other  parts,  I  pray  send  away  with  as  much 
speed  as  you  can  that  we  may  do  what  may  be  done  before  the 
next  spring. 

Some  30  or  35  of  the  Portingal  frigates  yesternight  came  near 
to  Surrat,  but  are  again  returned  and  now  this  morning  I  hear 
that  a  Padre  with  a  soldier  is  come  from  the  Viceroy  to  the 
Nabob.  It  seems  they  are  harking  about  some  peace  ;  what  the 
event  will  be  time  must  learn. 

As  I  wrote  you  yesterday,  if  within  a  day  you  hear  not  of  the 

goods  from  Cambaya,  that  you  would  send  order  to  Jambusyr 

about  them.     Thus,  with  commendations  to   Mr.  Farewell  and 

Mr.  Ball,  whose  debtor  I  pray  tell  him  the  Nabob  still  remaineth 

Y  1268.  x 


3o6  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

and  that  as  yet  we  cannot  come  to  make  account  with  ;  amidst 

other  matters  I  cannot  motion  his.     And  so  for  present  I  commit 

you  to  God  and  rest 

Your  loving  friend, 

Tho.  Elkington. 


240 

Remembrance  for  Mr.  George  Ball,  chief  merchant  of  the 
Concord  for  this  present  voyage  to  Amboyna,  with  the  help 
and  assistance  of  Mr.  George  Chauncey  unto  Maccasser,  and 
after  with  the  help  of  Mr.  George  Cokayne,  who  is  to  pro- 
ceed in  lieu  of  Mr.  Chauncey  to  second  you  in  all  business 
belonging  to  the  worshipful  Company  in  this  your  voyage, 
which  God  bless  and  prosper. 

R.  GEORGE  BALL,  It  is  ordained  that  you  should 
be  chief  factor  for  the  worshipful  Company  in  this 
voyage  with  the  help  of  Mr.  George  Chauncey  until 
you  come  to  Maccassar,  which  is  your  first  port  that 
you  are  bound  unto,  there  to  take  in  as  much  rice  as  is  [there  ?] 
provided  for  you,  to  which  purpose  the  pinnace  is  sent  before, 
because  you  are  not  there  to  make  stay  longer  than  until  the  15th 
of  February,  because  of  the  monsoon,  which  by  that  time  will  be 
near  ended. 

2.  And  when  it  shall  please  God  to  send  you  thither  in  safety, 
to  take  account  of  Mr.  Cokayne  and  take  as  much  rice  into  your 
ship  as  you  may  within  the  time  before  limited,  as  also  as  much 
money  as  is  remaining  in  the  hands  of  Mr.  Cokayne,  which  I 
esteem  to  be  above  5,000  rials  of  the  Sixth  and  Seventh  Voyages, 
according  to  his  letters ;  and  having  finished  this  business,  you 
are  to  leave  in  Maccassar  Mr.  George  Chauncey  for  chief  mer- 
chant with  some  others  which  you  shall  think  fitting,  and  receive 
Mr.  Cokayne  into  your  ship  to  second  you  in  all  your  business, 
because  he  is  acquainted  in  those  parts  where  you  are  bound. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  307 

3.  And   having   ended   your    business   in    Macassar  with   as 
much  speed  as  may  be,  having  always  a  care  to  the  monsoon, 
you  are  to  direct  your  course  for  Lugho,  which  is  within  the 
straits  of  Amboyna  upon  the  island  of  Seran  (Ceram),  being  some 
three  leagues  from  Hitto  and  a  chief  town  of  cloves  being  upon 
the  island  of  Amboyna ;  and  at  your  coming  to  Lugho  you  need 
not  make  any  doubt  of  your  going  aland,  for  the  people  doth 
much  affect  our  nation.    You  may  carry  some  small  present  with 
you  to  give  to  the  Governor,  who  is  a  Ternatan  and  maintained 
by  the  Hollanders  with  order  from  the  king  of  Ternater,  who  in 
outward  show  will  seem  to  favour  much  the  Hollanders  but  yet 
will  do  you  all  the  good  he  can.     But  this  is  not  the  chief  man  of 
the  country,  for  there  is  another  whose  name  is  Orankaya  Tecoos 
and  is  a  natural  born  of  the  country,  whom  I  think  will  come  |to 
speak  with  you,  as  soon  as  he  doth  understand  that  you  are  English. 
This  man,  after  you  have   had  conference  with  him,  you  may 
commend  me  unto  him  and  give  him  some  small  present  as  you 
shall  think  good  :  he  will  advise  you  of  the  estate  of  the  country, 
and  what  store  of  cloves  there  are  to  be  had  at  Lugho,  Cambell, 
Laseda,    Hitto   and   other  neighbour  towns  thereabout.     In  all 
these  places,  except  at  Lasede,  the  Hollanders  have  factories,  but 
the  people  in  no  subjection  to  them,  although  the  Hollanders  will 
inform  you  the  contrary,  but  you  may  not  believe  their  fair  words 
nor  threatenings  but  keep  your  own  business  close  to  yourselves, 
and  work  the  best  you  may  to  get  as  many  cloves  as  possibly  are 
to  be  had,  either  by  night  or  day ;  and  if  you  have  occasion,  you 
may  send  the  pinnace  to  and  fro  to  fetch  cloves  from  other  places, 
but  have  especial  care  of  Banda ;  for  if  the  westerly  monsoon 
should  be  ended  and  the  easterly  begin  to  blow  it  will  be  hard  to 
get  thither.     Therefore  upon  good  advice  therein  you  may  leave 
Mr.  Cokayne  at  one  of  those  three  places  with  the  pinnace  to  pro- 
vide cloves  against  your  coming  back  from  Banda  and  you  to 
proceed  with  the  ship  thither  and  confer  with  the  country  people 
concerning  the  estate  of  their  business  ;  and  if  you  perceive  them 
to  be  willing  of  trade  and  that  there  be  any  good  to  be  done,  you 
may  leave  there  Mr.  Sophony  Cozucke  and  Richard  Hunte  with 
one  English  more,  and  some  black  that  is  willing  to  serve  them. 
And  if  you  meet  with  Mr.  Welden  at  Maccassar,  I  pray  use  him 

x  2 


308  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

with  all  kindness  and  entreat  him  to  proceed  in  that  voyage  for 
Banda  to  help  you  to  settle  there  a  factory,  because  he  is  very 
well  acquainted  with  the  people,  and  if  he  please  to  stay  there  he 
may  be  second  to  Sophony  Cozucke.  Use  all  fair  means  with 
him,  for  I  think  you  shall  find  him  to  be  an  honest  man  and  one 
whom  Sir  Thomas  Smith  doth  affect :  he  may  do  the  worshipful 
Company  great  service  in  all  places  where  there  is  any  trade, 
because  of  his  language  and  knowledge  of  the  countries  near  there 
adjoining,  and  if  he  hath  no  mind  to  stay  at  Banda,  he  may  stay 
in  any  other  place  where  you  shall  think  fitting  to  place  any 
factory ;  and  if  he  be  not  willing  to  stay  in  any  of  these 
places  then  entreat  him  to  come  to  Bantam,  where  he  may  go  for 
England  or  the  Coast  or  to  some  other  factory  which  may  content 
him  better.  What  goods  you  shall  leave  at  Banda,  I  do  not 
ordain  anything,  only  what  you  shall  think  to  be  fitting  according 
as  you  find  the  country  at  your  coming  there,  as  also  for  all  other 
places ;  for  these  matters  I  refer  to  your  discretion  with  the 
advice  of  Mr.  Cokayne  and  Mr.  Welden,  who  can  give  you  best 
directions  therein. 

4.  For  the  prices  of  commodities  I  doubt  not  but  you  will  do 
your  best.  If  you  afford  them  better  cheap  than  the  Hollanders, 
it  will  cause  the  country  people  to  bring  their  cloves  unto  you ;  as 
also  for  the  prices  of  cloves  you  must  give  them  something  more 
than  the  Hollanders,  which  will  cause  them  to  bring  you  all  they 
have.  I  paid  70  rials  per  bahar,  the  bahar  being  6281bs.  suttle ; 
but  I  understand  that  their  bahar  is  something  more.  Mr.  Welden 
can  show  you  the  certainty  thereof. 

5.  At  Maccassar,  before  you  depart,  I  pray  understand  if  they 
have  any  goods  left  which  is  good  for  those  places  where  you  are 
bound,  and  will  not  sell  in  Maccasser ;  you  may  take  it  into  the 
ship  and  leave  there  other  commodities  which  is  vendible,  ac- 
cording to  the  information  you  shall  have  from  Mr.  Cokayne. 

6.  If  it  so  fall  out  that  you  may  have  for  your  commodities 
and  money  more  cloves,  mace  and  other  commodities  than  your 
ship  and  pinnace  can  carry,  then  if  you  see  occasion  you  may 
freight  a  junk  to  bring  it  to  Bantam  or  Maccasser.  But  if  it 
happen  that  you  cannot  have  cloves  enough  to  lade  your  ship, 
make    enquiry   where    they  are  to   be   had   at    any  place   near 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  309 

thereabout  and  proceed  with  your  endeavours  to  get  your  lading, 
provided  always  that  you  endanger  not  yourselves  among  the 
Spaniards  or  Portingals.  As  for  the  Hollanders  I  know  they  will 
do  you  no  harm,  only  threaten  you  and  the  country  people. 

7.  After  you  have  despatched  your  business  and  attained 
to  your  lading,  in  your  way  homewards  I  think  it  not  amiss  to 
touch  at  Tymor  to  see  what  good  may  be  done  there,  as  also  at 
Gratia  (Gressik),  for  which  purpose  you  may  take  a  pilot  at 
Maccassar,  and  finding  those  people  to  be  desirous  of  trade  with 
us  and  you  seeing  any  good  to  be  done  by  sale  of  cloth  or  other, 
you  may  confer  with  them  and  promise  them  faithfully  that  as 
soon  as  you  come  to  Bantam  there  shall  be  sent  some  ships  and 
goods  fitting  for  the  country,  of  which  I  pray  inform  yourself  at 
large  what  is  most  vendible,  as  also  what  the  country  doth  yield. 

8.  And  for  that  I  am  not  certain  that  shipping  will  come  soon 
enough  to  send  for  Socadanya  (Sukadana)  this  year  and  our 
people  there  waiting  for  reply,  upon  good  consideration  among 
yourselves  you  may  send  the  pinnace  from  Tymor  or  Gratia  for 
Socadanya  with  some  commodities,  money  or  gold  that  you  shall 
have  left,  and  Mr.  Cokayne  may  go  in  her  to  take  account  of 
Nathaniel  Courthope,  and  to  remain  there  chief  or  come  for 
Bantam  in  the  pinnace,  which  I  leave  in  his  choice ;  and  bring  or 
send  all  the  diamonds  which  are  there  bought  and  leave  there 
those  commodities  and  others  which  shall  be  thought  per  you 
fitting  to  send  thither ;  and  if  the  pinnace  should  be  laden  with 
cloves,  the  ship  not  able  to  contain  them,  then  I  hold  it  not  good 
that  she  should  go  thither  laden  but  come  directly  for  Bantam  in 
company  with  the  ship,  and  you  to  write  per  some  junk  for 
Socadana  how  the  estate  of  the  business  standeth,  and  the  reason 
why  they  have  no  supply,  assuring  them  that  the  next  monsoon 
they  shall  not  fail. 

9.  You  are  to  spend  no  longer  time  in  the  prosecuting  this 
business  than  till  the  fine  of  August  at  farthest,  so  that  you  may 
be  back  again  at  Bantam  by  the  15th  of  September ;  because 
otherwise  you  may  be  taken  short  with  the  westerly  monsoon, 
which  sometimes  is  20  days  or  a  month  sooner  than  other.  And 
forasmuch  as  this  voyage  and  others  hath  been  chargeable  to  the 
worshipful  Company,  I  pray  have  especial  care  that  no  private 


310  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

trade  be  used  and  especially  for  cloves.  If  you  have  not  a  great 
care  thereof,  the  company  will  be  the  first  merchants,  as  by 
experience  I  have  found,  which  will  be  a  great  hindrance  to  your 
proceedings  and  much  damage  to  the  worshipful  Company. 

10.  Also  concerning  the  provisions  of  the  ship's  store,  I  mean 
for  victual,  I  would  entreat  you  to  look  that  it  be  not  lavishly 
spent,  and  that  account  be  taken  every  week  by  you  and  the 
master,  thereby  to  know  to  a  day  what  is  left  in  the  ship.  You 
are  to  give  the  master  knowledge  to  what  places  you  are  bound  ; 
he  to  direct  his  course  accordingly.  But  for  the  victuals  that 
none  be  spent  extraordinary  without  your  order ;  not  doubting 
but  that  you  and  the  master  will  agree  so  together  about  these 
matters  and  all  other  which  doth  concern  the  good  of  the,, 
worshipful  Company  with  such  discretion  as  that  there  shall  be 
no  cause  of  dislike  or  emulation  betwixt  you ;  which  if  it  should 
be  otherwise  (as  God  forbid)  there  may  be  protestations  (?)  and  in 
the  end  grow  to  a  confusion. 

ii.  Now  in  case  of  mortality,  for  the  matter  of  succession  :  if 
it  should  please  God  to  take  you  Mr.  Ball,  then  George  Cokayne 
is  to  succeed  you,  and  so  the  rest  according  to  their  places ;  and 
if  Mr.  Skinner  shall  decease  then  the  merchants  with  chief  officers 
of  the  ship  shall  by  a  general  consent  choose  one  of  his  mates  that 
shall  be  thought  most  sufficient  for  the  place,  and  the  next  after 
him  to  succeed  accordingly. 

12.  The  Captain  of  Hitto  had  of  me  at  my  being  there  above 
200  rials  in  presents,  he  promising  to  furnish  me  with  ioo  bahars 
of  cloves ;  but  in  the  end  I  could  not  get  one  pound  of  him, 
excusing  himself  until  the  next  year.  I  pray  remember  him 
of  his  promise ;  it  may  be  he  will  help  you  to  some  store  this 
year. 

I  would  have  Mr.  Cokayne  to  hold  his  place  in  Macassar 
until  his  departure  from  thence,  and  then  deliver  it  up  to  Mr. 
Chauncey,  and  in  the  time  of  your  staying  there  I  pray  let 
Mr.  Cokayne  give  the  best  information  he  can  unto  him. 

I  have  written  a  letter  to  a  Portingal  merchant  resident  in 
Macassar,  who  Mr.  Cokayne  hath  commended  unto  me  in  his 
letters.  He  is  in  great  favour  with  the  king  and  may  do  much 
with  him ;  if  you  find  him  to  be  an  honest  man  I  pray  hold  a 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  311 

correspondence  with  him.  He  desired  a  pass  from  me,  which  I 
pray  give  him  in  my  name.  Thus,  not  having  else  at  present, 
referring  the  rest  to  your  good  discretion,  I  end  and  rest 

Your  loving  friend, 

Jno.  Jourdain. 

I  pray  forget  not  to  advise  Mr.  Cocks  to  Jappan  from  the 
Moullucas  by  convoy  of  the  Hollanders  of  all  business,  provided 
always  that  you  find  some  trusty  friend.     Vale. 

If  you  see  Mr.  Skinner  to  take  upon  him  to  command  any- 
thing out  of  the  hold  without  making  you  acquainted  therewith, 
advertise  him  thereof  by  persuasions ;  and  if  he  doth  it  the  second 
time  in  contempt,  then  take  all  into  your  charge  and  suffer  him 
not  to  have  to  do  with  anything  belonging  to  the  ship's  victuals, 
but  dispose  you  of  all  things  according  to  discretion,  etc. 

Bantam  the  24th  of  January  Anno  1614. 

per  me  Jno.  Jourdain. 


241 

Thomas  Elkington  to  John  Oxwicke,  in  Baroch. 
Laus  Deo.  In  Surrat,  the  31st  January,  1614. 

R.  OXWICKE,  I  heartily  commend  me  unto  you  with 
desire  of  your  health  etc.  My  last  to  you  was  of  the 
26th  present,  since  which  I  have  received  divers  of 
yours  and  paid  all  such  bills  of  exchange  as  you  have 
charged  me  withal,  a  particular  note  of  which  you  shall  receive 
herewith,  as  also  what  cloth  and  sword  blades  hath  been  sent ; 
also  I  have  received  all  such  goods  as  you  sent  from  Baroch  and 
what  came  from  Cambaya,  the  which,  God  be  thanked,  is  aboard 
in  safety ;  and  this  night  departeth  from  Veryaw  the  260  churls 
of  indigo  last  come  from  Amadavar  for  Swally.  God  send  it  like- 
wise in  safety. 

This  morning  I  received  yours  of  the  27th  present  with  [a  piece 
of?]  blue  bafta  for  muster  of  30  corge  to  be  delivered  here  by 


312  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

Solomon  Mamoud,  with  whom  I  have  been,  but  I  find  them  to 
rise  nothing  so  good  one  with  another  as  the  muster ;  but  having 
many  I  have  left  one  to  open  all  his  packs  and  lay  by  30  corge 
of  the  best ;  and  to-morrow,  if  I  find  them  as  good  as  they  should 
be,  I  will  take  them  and  pay  him  his  money. 

Our  Nabob  herewith  his  council  hath  been  concluding  a  peace 
with  the  Portingal,  but  it  taketh  not  effect ;  so  those  sent  about 
it  again  returned,  which  will  be  nothing  hurtful  for  us.  By  this 
bearer  you  shall  receive  two  covads  Venice  red.  Thus  with  com- 
mendations to  Mr.  Farewell,  Mr.  Ball,  etc.,  I  commit  you  to  God's 
holy  protection  and  rest, 

Your  loving  friend, 

Tho.  Elkington. 


242  (1) 

This  is  a  duplicate  of  226. 

242  (2) 

John  Jourdain  to  the  East  India  Company.     Sent  per  the  Globe. 
Bantam,  the  10th  February,  1614. 

jIGHT  Worshipful,  my  duty  remembered  with  my  hearty 
prayers  for  the  prosperous  success  of  all  your  enter- 
prises. May  it  please  you  to  understand  that  by  the 
James  I  have  at  large  advised  your  Worships  of  all 
matters  which  had  passed  to  that  time,  my  letters  bearing  date 
from  the  2nd  January  unto  the  15th  ditto ;  the  ship  being  laden 
ever  since  the  15th  of  December,  but  the  tediousness  of  the  cap- 
tain and  the  wrangling  betwixt  him  and  his  master  was  cause  of 
their  long  stay,  and  in  the  end  when  they  determined  to  depart 
the  wind  would  not  permit  them  to  get  out  the  straits  of  Pelam- 
ban  but  were  forced  back  as  far  as  Pulla  Penian,  where  they 
stayed  until  the  30th  January,  at  which  time  they  passed  the 
point  and  got  without  the  straits.     God  send  them  well.     The 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  313 

day  before  their  departure  I  understood  of  great  dissension  be- 
twixt the  captain  and  master,  but  being  a  matter  so  common 
among  them  it  is  the  less  to  be  regarded.  They  are  well  pro- 
vided both  of  men  and  all  other  provisions  ;  God  bless  them  and 
send  them  well  home.  In  this  letter  I  will  not  be  over  tedious, 
because  I  have  at  large  advertised  of  all  things  by  the  James,  the 
copy  of  which  I  send  herewith ;  only  I  will  touch  all  matters 
which  have  passed  since  my  last.  As  first,  whereas  I  have  written 
in  the  postcript  of  my  last  that  the  Globe  was  to  have  out  of  the 
James  so  much  pepper  as  was  taken  into  her  from  aboard  the 
Osiander,  it  is  now  otherwise  determined,  to  wit,  that  the  3,673 
sacks  formerly  laden  aboard  the  James  for  the  account  of  the 
Joint  Stock  shall  remain  for  the  same  account,  for  that  this  ship 
the  Globe  is  found  bigger  by  3,000  sacks  of  pepper  than  she  was 
thought  to  be ;  therefore  there  is  laden  in  her  5,000  sacks  of 
Bantam  pepper,  whereof  goeth  4,000  sacks  for  the  account  of  the 
Globe  and  1,000  sacks  for  the  account  of  the  Joint  Stock ;  the 
Globe's  voyage  not  having  money  to  lade  her  according  to  their 
expectation,  therefore  it  was  held  necessary  by  a  court  of  mer- 
chants that  we  should  take  so  much  commodity  as  would  satisfy 
the  4,000  sacks  at  such  rates  as  it  is  here  worth  ready  money,  and 
to  give  them  the  pepper  accordingly  as  it  is  now  worth,  the  which 
I  have  performed  according  as  it  was  agreed.  The  commodities 
with  their  several  prices,  as  also  the  price  of  pepper  delivered 
them,  may  appear  in  the  journal  that  I  send  herewith,  the  copy 
being  formerly  sent  by  Captain  Marlowe  unto  the  13th  of  Janu- 
ary ;  and  what  hath  passed  since  of  merchandising  is  now  added 
thereunto,  to  the  which  I  refer  me,  etc.  Now  concerning  the 
estimate  of  the  goods  belonging  to  the  Sixth  Voyage,  as  also  of 
some  rests  which  are  not  rated  and  some  desperate  debts  of 
sundry  Voyages ;  as  for  the  Sixth  Voyage,  I  leave  the  commo- 
dities according  to  the  inventory  formerly  sent  home  per  the 
Dragon  and  Clove,  for  if  I  should  esteem  it  as  it  is  worth  ready 
money  if  I  should  be  forced  for  want  of  money  to  sell  it,  I  should 
not  get  half  the  money  it  cost ;  but  in  time  it  maybe  sold  at  good 
profit.  Therefore,  considering  the  danger  of  fire  and  thieves, 
rotting  and  consuming  with  worms,  which  cannot  be  prevented,  I 
hold  it  indifferent  to  let  it   rest  at  the  same  rates  it  cost  for  I 


314  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

cannot  sell  any  for  money  at  any  rate  except  I  should  trust  those 
which  will  never  pay.  The  reason  is  that  Guzarate  goods  is  not 
here  vendible.  Therefore  it  may  please  your  Worships  to  take 
some  course  for  shipping  to  transport  it  for  Sumattra  and  other 
places  where  it  will  vend.  In  Sumattra  there  will  sell  for  10  or 
I2v  rials  per  year  for  pepper  and  gold,  and  such  commodities  as 
are  here  lying  will  vent  no  otherwhere ;  and  by  the  gold  there 
will  be  made  above  50  per  cent,  profit  in  Amboina  and  the  Mal- 
lucas,  and  cloves  will  be  gotten  for  gold  at  that  rate  sooner  than 
for  any  other  commodity  or  rials. 

Also  it  was  ordained  by  a  council  that  the  Osiander,  being  the 
better  ship,  should  proceed  for  the  Maullucas,  and  the  Concord, 
being  the  weaker  ship,  should  be  laid  up  until  we  could  procure 
men  to  sail  her ;  but  having  since  considered  the  great  labour  and 
long  time  that  would  be  spent  in  unlading  and  relading  of  the 
Osiander,  the  goods  being  already  aboard  the  Concord,  it  was 
therefore  agreed  by  a  court  of  merchants  and  masters  that  because 
the  end  of  this  monsoon  was  at  hand  and  that  20  days  would  not 
be  sufficient  to  make  ready  the  Osiander,  by  which  time  the 
monsoon  would  be  very  near  ended  and  the  voyage  thereby  might 
be  overthrown  (knowing  per  experience  that  some  years  the  mon- 
soon is  sooner  ended  by  20  or  30  days  than  other)  :  these  reasons 
being  alleged  and  considered,  it  was  concluded  that  the  Concord 
should  proceed  with  as  much  speed  as  conveniently  might  be, 
and  the  Osiander  to  remain  in  Bantam  Road  until  we  could  get 
mariners  to  sail  her,  and  to  take  an  inventory  of  all  things  left  in 
her,  leaving  four  English  and  four  blacks  to  keep  her.  The  copy 
of  the  inventory  taken  is  sent  herewith. 

As  for  the  pinnace  which  we  made  in  Bantam  called  the 
Speedwell,  (she)  departed  for  Macassar  the  12th  of  January  to 
provide  rice  against  the  coming  of  the  Concord,  for  that  the  ship 
is  not  to  stay  above  five  or  six  days  only  to  take  in  the  rice  for 
fear  of  the  monsoon ;  to  which  end  Sophony  Cozucke  was  sent 
in  the  pinnace  directed  to  George  Cokayne  to  provide  a  quantity 
against  their  coming. 

The  27th  of  January  the  Concord  departed  for  Macassar, 
where  went  cape  merchant  George  Ball,  accompanied  with  George 
Chauncey,  who  is  to  remain  at  Macassar,  and  George  Cokayne  is 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  315 

to  go  with  Mr.  Ball  for  Amboyna,  because  he  was  there  in  the 
Darling  and  is  acquainted  with  the  country.  The  cargazon  of 
goods  laden  aboard  the  Concord  amounts  unto  24.V000  rials 
and  upward,  as  per  the  invoice  in  the  journal  may  appear; 
besides  what  money  he  is  to  receive  of  George  Cokayne  at  Ma- 
cassar. Sophony  Cosucke  is  to  stay  at  Banda  and  Mr.  Weldyn, 
if  he  may  be  persuaded  thereunto,  with  Richard  Hunt  assistant, 
a  young  man  which  came  in  the  Expedition.  I  doubt  not,  with 
the  help  of  God,  of  their  good  success,  although  the  Hollanders 
doth  not  spare  to  give  out  that  they  look  for  them  in  those  parts, 
but  their  threatenings  cannot  prevent  the  trading  with  the 
country  people,  and  especially  for  love  of  the  gold,  which  they 
greatly  esteem,  etc. 

The  20th  of  January  here  arrived  a  Dutch  ship  called  the 
Seilan  from  Japan,  by  whom  I  received  letters  from  Mr.  Cocks 
whereby  I  understand  of  the  death  of  Mr.  Peacock  at  Chochi- 
china,  being  slain  by  the  country  people,  and  the  goods  and  junk 
that  he  went  in  was  never  heard  of,  having  in  her  an  adventure 
of  700/.  or  thereabout ;  and  for  that  the  monsoon  was  past  the 
last  year  that  they  could  not  get  Siam,  according  to  General  Saris' 
order,  therefore  they  have  sent  a  junk  this  year  wherein  goeth 
Mr.  Adams  and  Richard  Wickham,  where  I  hope  they  shall  meet 
with  the  Darling.  I  pray  God  send  them  better  success  at  Siam 
than  they  had  at  Cochachina.  And  as  for  the  state  of  the 
country  of  Jappon  and  the  countries  adjacent,  I  leave  it  to  the 
information  of  Mr.  Cocks,  who  by  his  letters,  which  goeth  here- 
withal,  doth  at  large  advise  of  all  things.  I  received  a  letter  from 
Richard  Wickham  entreating  me  to  remember  him  in  my  letters 
to  your  Worships  concerning  his  salary,  which  is  but  2,ol.  a  year 
standing,  his  time  being  long  since  expired  and  his  wages  nothing 
amended,  and  Jappon  being  a  place  of  great  expense  for  apparel, 
not  doubting  but  your  Worships  will  be  mindful  of  him  and  con- 
sider of  his  deserts  etc. 

Here  is  arrived  from  the  4th  to  the  10th  of  this  month  five 
China  junks,  which  have  brought  store  of  Lankeene  silk  and  other 
sorts,  porcelain  and  divers  other  sorts  of  China  commodities,  they 
hoping  to  have  had  as  good  a  market  as  the  last  year,  but  I  think 
they  will  come  ^hort,  for  that  the  Hollanders  are  not  much  in 


316  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

cash  at  present,  and  for  our  stock  of  money  it  is  not  great,  as  your 
Worships  may  perceive  ;  therefore  I  am  not  minded  to  disburse 
much  money  until  I  see  other  ships  to  come  with  a  fresh  supply]; 
which  the  Hollanders  as  yet  doth  the  like,  expecting  their  new 
fleet  out  of  Holland,  as  we  do  the  like  out  of  England.  And  I 
dare  not  disburse  any  money  in  silks  because  of  providing  pepper 
against  the  coming  of  the  ships  this  next  year,  which  if  they 
should  now  come  would  be  too  late  to  go  for  England  this  year. 

As  for  the  cloves  which  Captain  Marlowe  refused  to  take  into 
his  ship,  bought  by  Mr.  Petty,  I  know  not  upon  what  terms  he 
hath  now  received  them  into  her,  which  he  stoutly  denied  at  my 
entreaty,  but  they  were  taken  in  at  the  last  cast  as  the  ship  set 
sail ;  which  I  suppose  was  done  because  I  should  not  advise 
thereof.  But  laden  they  are  aboard  the  James  by  Walter  Bennet, 
the  master's  mate  of  the  Concord,  who  now  goeth  in  the  James, 
and  was  overseer  to  Mr.  Petty.  The  cloves  were  15  peculs  and 
cost  36  rials  per  pecul.  And  since  the  departure  of  the  James  I 
am  informed  that  Captain  Marlowe  hath  in  sundry  commodities 
in  tonnage  10  tons  or  more,  viz.,  benjamin,  pepper,  indigo,  por- 
celain, silks  of  China,  all  amounting  to  2,000/.  sterling;  and  by 
divers  it  is  reported  that  he  hath  said  that  he  will  now  make 
amends  for  the  last  voyage  that  he  made  to  the  East  India,  being 
then  not  well  dealt  withal  etc. 

There  is  laden  aboard  the  Globe  for  the  account  of  the  Joint 
Stock  25  chests  of  China  silks,  which  is  the  remainder  of  what 
the  James  could  not  carry,  containing  in  them  as  per  the  invoice 
packing  bill  may  appear ;  more,  337  diamonds  great  and  small, 
containing  carats  ngf  and  cost,  as  per  the  journal,  1,002  rials 
of  8.  These  silks  and  other  it  was  thought  necessary  that  it 
should  be  laden  in  this  ship,  in  regard  that  we  are  now  out  of 
hope  of  any  other  to  go  for  England  this  year,  the  time  of  the 
monsoon  being  so  far  spent.  Therefore  Mr.  Peter  Floris,  willing 
to  do  the  best  in  the  worshipful  Company's  behalf,  was  content 
to  leave  behind  him  his  own  goods,  I  mean  some  goods  of  the 
Seventh  Voyage,  being  of  less  value,  than  that  these  silks  should 
be  left  in  the  country  until  another  year.  What  commodities  he 
hath  left  for  the  account  of  the  Seventh  Voyage  is,  viz.  82  fardles 
of  Selan  (Ceylon)  cinnamon  and  10  of  yarn ;  which  is  to  be  sent 


EAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECORDS  317 

home  in  the  next  ships  belonging  to  the  Joint  Stock.  And  for 
the  freight  of  these  goods,  both  for  the  James  and  Globe  is  wholly 
referred  unto  your  Worships  at  home,  for  had  it  not  been  for  the 
stock  here  remaining  of  the  Sixth  Voyage,  these  two  ships  would 
hardly  have  gotten  lading,  and  especially  the  James,  who  for  her 
lading  brought  only  3,000  rials,  which  they  borrowed  of  the  said 
stock  at  Pottany  (Patani)  of  Robert  Larkin,  cape  merchant  of  the 
Darling.  But  for  the  Globe  she  had  lading  in  her  before  ;  but 
for  the  rest  that  was  wanting  they  could  not  have  had  it  without 
money.  What  is  done  in  their  behalfs  I  doubt  not  but  that  it 
will  be  to  your  Worships'  content ;  seeing  it  was  done  for  the  best 
according  to  our  understandings  for  the  furtherance  of  all  Voyages, 
and  the  goods  here  left  by  these  ships  in  time  will  yield  profit ; 
which  if  it  should  have  been  sold  for  necessity  to  the  people  of 
the  country,  the  low  prices  would  have  been  an  overthrow  to  our 
future  hopes  ;  for  the  prices  of  commodities  once  abated  will  ever 
hardly  be  raised  again.  And  if  there  be  no  hope  of  gain  by  our 
commodities,  to  what  purpose  is  it  to  bring  goods  from  Surate 
and  Moselapotan  ?  Mr.  Floris  is  a  good  merchant  and  one  that 
is  indifferent  for  all  Voyages,  not  leaning  to  the  one  side  or  other ; 
although  he  have  more  interest  in  the  Seventh  Voyage  than  in 
the  rest,  yet  he  do  more  respect  a  general  good  than  his  own 
private  voyage. 

And  whereas  in  my  former  letter  per  the  James  I  wrote  con- 
cerning the  ill  carriage  of  Richard  Cobb,  of  his  drunkenness  and 
slanderous  tongue  towards  all  men,  being  a  great  blasphemer  of 
the  name  of  God,  one  given  only  to  satisfy  his  own  humour,  not 
obedient  to  any  command,  fit  for  no  business,  rather  a  hindrance 
to  those  which  doth  their  endeavours,  and  such  a  one  as  can 
conceal  no  secret,  although  it  be  to  the  great  hindrance  of  the 
worshipful  Company  :  therefore  it  is  thought  necessary  that  he 
should  repair  for  England  in  the  Globe  and  the  rather  because  he 
may  justify  before  your  Worships  what  he  hath  accused  the 
factors  of  here  in  Bantam,  I  finding  them  all  far  honester  than 
himself.  First,  he  accused  them  to  have  robbed  your  Worships' 
warehouses  here  in  Bantam  ;  then  accusing  the  Chinese  and 
Javas  to  have  done  it ;  whereupon  there  was  a  court  called  to 
examine   the   cause.      He   produced   his   witnesses,    they   stiffly 


318  EAST  INDIA    COMTANTS   RECORDS 

denying  that  they  told  him  no  such  matter,  offering  to  take  their 
oaths  thereupon,  justifying  it  to  be  a  matter  to  be  made  of  his 
own  head  ;  whereupon  he  was  censured  to  be  a  slanderer  and  a 
raiser  of  tales  to  bring  controversy  in  the  house,  and  that  he  had 
wronged  the  factors  in  the  highest  degree  of  their  credit.  Secondly, 
he  hath  accused  them  to  have  saved  1,400  rials  in  the  custom  of 
the  pepper  laden  in  the  James  and  Globe  ;  which  matter  was 
examined,  and  he  produced  his  witnesses,  and  they  denied  they 
knew  not  what  saved  in  custom  but  something  they  thought 
might  be.  He  standing  stiffly  in  the  matter,  saying  that  he  had 
seen  it  in  writing,  which  I  required  him  to  show  me  or  tell  me 
whose  the  writing  was  ;  which  he  denied  to  do  saying,  that  if  I 
would  know  the  truth  I  should  examine  Kemas  the  Shabunder ; 
which  if  I  should  have  acquainted  him  therewith  and  he  made  it 
known  to  the  Pengran  there  might  be  an  avenia  raised  on  us. 
And  having  examined  the  factors  who  had  the  charge  of  the 
pepper  and  charged  them  to  speak  the  truth,  they  confessed  to 
have  saved  about  660  rials,  as  they  had  formerly  told  me,  whereof 
they  were  to  give  the  one  half  to  the  officers  of  the  custom-house 
and  the  rest  they  delivered  to  be  set  to  the  account  of  the  right 
worshipful  Company,  and  to  this  they  offered  to  be  sworn.  Not- 
withstanding Richard  Cobb  doth  stand  stiffly  in  it,  saying  that  he 
will  justify  it  at  home  before  your  Worships  ;  and  having  con- 
sidered that  he  is  an  ill  member  amongst  us,  and  that  he  doth 
not  deserve  wages,  it  was  thought  necessary  to  send  him  home  in 
this  ship,  for  it  were  better  to  give  him  double  wages  to  stay  at 
home  than  to  remain  in  Bantam  etc. 

Having  ended  my  letters  and  going  to  seal  them  we  had  news 
of  three  English  ships,  wherein  is  General  David  Middleton,  who 
arrived  here  the  13th  of  this  month  with  the  Samaritan,  Thomas 
and  Thomasine,  where  after  the  coming  aland  of  the  General  he 
called  a  court  about  the  disposing  of  the  ships.  So  it  was  con- 
cluded that  the  Samaritan  should  with  all  convenient  speed  be 
despatched  for  England  according  to  your  Worships'  order,  and 
the  Thomas  should  proceed  for  Sumattra,  not  only  for  the  sale  of 
cloth  but  also  for  to  bring  Priaman  pepper  and  gold  from  thence  ; 
the  Thomasine  to  go  for  Amboina  and  Banda  to  second  the 
Concord,  and  homeward  to  touch  at  Timour  and  Gracia  upon  Java. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  319 

She   is    to   carry   a  cargazon    of   i2vooo   rials   of  commodities 
and  money,  and  will  be  ready  within  this  two  days,  God  willing. 

The  Osiander,  which  was  laid  up  for  want  of  men,  is  ordained 
to  go  for  Jappan,  wherein  goeth  principal  Captain  Hawkins. 
She  is  to  touch  at  Pottany  outwards  bound,  there  to  take  in  any 
commodities  that  shall  be  there,  fitting  for  the  country  of  Jappon. 
And  for  the  Samaritan  it  will  be  a  month  before  she  be  ready,  by 
reason  that  the  pepper  which  I  had  provided  was  laden  in  the 
James  and  Globe ;  and  now  the  China  junks  being  here  maketh 
the  pepper  dear  and  is  worth  at  present  15J  and  16  rials  per 
10  sacks.  But  there  is  pepper  owing  enough  to  lade  this  ship, 
but  by  reason  of  the  dearness  of  it  our  debtors  cannot  get  in 
their  pepper.  So  I  fear  I  shall  be  forced  to  buy  it  for  ready  money 
at  16  rials  per  10  sacks,  the  time  of  the  year  being  far  past  and 
little  pepper  to  be  had.  Thus  not  having  else  at  present,  I  humbly 
take  my  leave,  desiring  the  Lord  of  His  mercy  to  bless  and 
prosper  all  your  proceedings  to  His  glory  and  comfort  of  all. 
Amen. 

Your  Worships'  servant  in  all  duty, 

Jno.  Jourdain. 


243 

John  Yates  to  his  master,  William  Greenwell,  Deputy  Governor 

of  the  East  India  Company.     Sent  per  the  Globe. 

Laus  Deo.     In  Bantom,  the  17th  of  February,  1614. 

ORSHIPFUL  Sir,  In  all  duty  remember  myself  unto 
and  my  mistress,  with  hope  of  your  health  and  with 
my  loving  remembrance  to  all  your  family.  Please 
your  Worship  to  understand  that  departing  from  Ply- 
mouth the  29th  of  May  we  arrived  at  the  Cape  the  3rd  of  October 
where  we  found  a  great  Fleming  of  600  tons,  which  met  with  us 
upon  the  coast  being  about  the  river  de  Cestus  (Sestos,  in  Liberia). 
From  the  Cape  departing  the  19th  of  October  we  fell  with  the 
coast  Javea  the  29th  of  December;  but  trusting  too  much  to 
their  south  easterly  monsoons  we  fell  to  the  eastward  of  the  straits 
of  Sunday  (Sunda)  some  50  or  60  leagues,  for  afterwards  we  had 


320  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

a  strong  northwest  wind  which  kept  us  off  about  the  coast  about 
a  month's  space;  and  twice  we  came  to  an  anchor  and  took  in 
fresh  water  and  wood,  but  no  relief  besides.  The  14th  of  Feb- 
ruary we  arrived  at  Bantom  where  we  found  the  Globe  ready 
bound  for  England  and  the  Osiander  laid  up  for  want  of  men, 
where  we  heard  the  ill  news  of  the  mortality  of  Sir  Henry  Mid- 
dleton,  John  and  Ferdinand  Cotton,  with  many  more,  of  which 
the  bearer  hereof  can  certify  you  more  at  large.  Touching  the 
accidents  of  the  voyage  to  Bantom,  according  to  my  duty  these 
are  to  let  you  understand  that  Mr.  Wilson,  contrary  to  the  articles, 
hath  taken  in  at  Deal  his  brother-in-law,  Robert  Savage,  who 
I  understand  was  refused  by  the  right  worshipful  Company.  By 
reason  of  Samuel  Mosley  deceased,  I  am  at  this  time  appointed 
by  our  General  to  be  purser  of  the  Thomas.  There  hath  been 
once  or  twice  great  dissension  between  Captain  Hawkins  and 
Mr.  Rowe,  which  proceeds  from  the  pride  and  ambition  of  Mr. 
Rowe,  and  by  his  countercommanding.  Wherefore  our  General 
doth  purpose  a  separation  of  them ;  and  how  myself  with  other 
pursers  shall  be  disposed  of  by  reason  of  this  mortality  I  know 
not  yet  or  whether  I  shall  come  home  in  the  Samaritan.  Also 
I  request  your  Worship  to  give  notice  to  the  right  worshipful 
Company  that  all  our  pork  hitherto  opened  (which  is  7  or  8  hhds.) 
as  also  aboard  the  Samaritan  is  very  stinking  and  bad,  which  is 
by  reason  of  the  slack  attendance  of  the  coopers  or  else  by  reason 
of  the  ignorance  of  those  that  are  put  in  trust  about  that  business. 
From  England  to  Bantom  out  of  the  Thomas  died  3  men ;  in  the 
Admiral  2  men  and  one,  whose  name  was  Smith,  fell  overboard ; 
in  the  Thomasine  one  man  at  Plymouth.  I  have  no  more  to 
amplify  unto  you  at  this  present,  only  desirous  next  unto  heaven 
I  may  live  to  see  (as  hitherto  I  thank  God  I  have  had  my  health) 
to  show  effects  of  my  affection  how  much  I  am  bound  unto  you 
in  all  dutiful  service.  In  the  meantime  I  pray  God  for  the  good 
success  of  the  voyage  and  prosperity  of  each  particular  of  the 
right  honourable  and  right  worshipful  Company  in  all  their 
affairs. 

In  haste  I  cease, 

Your  servant  to  command, 

John  Yates. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  321 

244 

Samuel  Boyle  to  the  East  India  Company.     Sent  per  the  Globe. 

Laus  Deo.     In  Bantam,  the  18th  of  February,  1614. 

IGHT  Worshipful,  After  my  humble  and  most  respected 
duty  being  tendered  etc.  These  are  at  present  to 
acquaint  your  Worships  that  my  last  was  of  the  13th 
ultimo  per  the  James,  who  weighed  and  set  sail  from 
Bantam  Road  the  21st  of  January  last,  whose  voyage  God  of 
His  goodness  preserve  and  grant  to  be  prosperous  to  His  glory 
and  the  advancement  of  the  worshipful  Company  etc. 

In  mine  of  the  13th  I  advised  according  to  the  time,  to  which 
I  refer  your  Worships,  only  in  brief  pointing  at  the  chief  parts 
thereof.  First,  concerning  the  James,  who  arrived  here  from 
Pottania  the  8th  November  last,  taking  [in]  her  whole  lading 
here  at  Bantam,  the  contents  whereof  I  refer  to  advice  per  the 
James,  the  copy  whereof  with  a  brief  of  what  lading  the  Globe 
received  in  at  Bantam  I  send  herewith  etc. 

And  touching  the  Osiander,  who  arrived  the  26th  November 
last  with  her  lading  of  Pryaman  pepper,  and  since  the  Globe 
arrived  here  from  Mesolapotam  the  3rd  of  the  last ;  upon  whose 
coming,  in  respect  of  the  weakness  and  want  of  supply  both  of 
the  James  and  Globe,  a  court  was  called  and  therein  ordained 
that  they  should  be  relieved  whatsoever  was  necessary  for  the 
prosecuting  of  their  voyages  for  England  with  more  security,  they 
being  both  of  them  ships  of  great  charge  and  importance  ;  and 
for  their  better  supply  it  was  concluded  that  the  Concord  being 
then  laden  and  bound  for  the  Molluccoes  should  remain  here  in 
the  road  until  further  supply  out  of  England  and  the  Osiander  to 
proceed  to  the  Molluccoes,  she  being  held  a  ship  of  better  force 
and  defence  than  the  Concord.  But  since  upon  better  informa- 
tion considering  that  it  would  be  overlong  before  the  Osiander 
could  discharge  her  pepper  and  lade  her  cargazon  for  the  voyage, 
the  monsoon  for  that  place  being  near  spent :  in  regard  of  the 
premises  it  was  per  a  general  court  thought  fitting,  that  the 
Concord  being  ready  should  without  further  protraction  proceed 
for  the  Molluccoes  and  to  that  purpose  the  pinnace  (called  the 
Y  1268.  Y 


322  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

Speedwell)  was  despatched  and  sent  away  before,  who  set  sail  out  of 
the  road  the  17th  of  the  last  and  was  to  stop  at  Maccasser  there 
to  stay  the  coming  of  the  Concord,  and  from  thence  to  sail 
together  for  the  Molluccoes.  The  Concord  departed  from  hence 
the  27th  of  January  last,  wherein  John  Skinner,  formerly  master 
of  the  Globe,  goeth  master,  and  George  Ball  chief  factor  for  the 
voyage,  desiring  the  Lord  to  give  a  blessing  to  their  labours  that 
it  may  be  for  the  good  of  the  worshipful  Company,  and  assuredly 
there  is  great  hopes  both  for  the  establishing  of  a  factory  and 
also  for  the  procuring  of  good  store  of  cloves ;  and  the  rather  in 
respect  we  have  the  love  of  the  country  people,  who  generally 
stand  well  affected  towards  Englishmen,  which  hath  been  verified 
per  divers  credible  persons  well  acquainted  in  those  parts ;  and  on 
the  contrary  they  hate  the  Hollanders,  with  whom  they  have  open 
wars.  So  that  in  the  interim  of  varyings  and  difference  between 
the  Hollanders  and  the  Bandanezes  we  may  better  effect  our 
business  in  the  Moloccoes,  also  avoid  the  dispute  with  the  Hol- 
landers, who  strongly  oppose  our  designs  in  what  they  may. 
Notwithstanding  I  doubt  not,  per  God's  assistance,  of  the  esta- 
blishing of  a  factory  at  Amboyna  and  also  at  Banda,  the  Concord 
being  furnished  with  a  sufficient  cargo  well  requested  and  ven- 
dible in  those  places.  Further  since  the  coming  of  General  Mid- 
dleton,  captain  of  the  Samaritan,  Thomas  and  Thomasine,  who 
arrived  here  in  Bantam  the  15th  present,  whereupon  a  court  was 
called  for  the  disposing  and  employment  of  the  two  smaller  ships, 
according  to  the  worshipful  Company's  determination  to  that 
purpose,  it  is  appointed  per  order  of  court  as  followeth,  viz. : 
First,  that  the  Thomasine  shall  proceed  with  all  convenient  speed 
for  the  Molluccoes,  for  to  supply  and  assist  the  Concord  and 
Speedwell,  and  in  regard  the  monsoon  for  the  Molluccoes  is  near 
spent  it  is  determined  to  send  her  away  with  the  first,  lest  the 
monsoon  should  take  her  short  and  per  that  means  cross  her 
voyage ;  secondly,  for  the  Thomas,  she  is  appointed  for  the  coast 
of  Sumatra,  either  at  Pryaman,  Teckoo,  Perseman  (Pasaman)  or 
Cota  Tinga  (Kota  Tengah,  near  Baros),  or  to  any  of  them  where 
they  shall  find  best  trade,  having  direction  to  make  diligent  search 
and  enquiry  what  commodities  the  country  affordeth  besides 
pepper  and  some  quantity  of  gold,  for  it  is  credibly  spoken  that 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  323 

if  search  were  made  up  higher  in  the  country  that  there  might 
be  good  store  of  gold  procured,  per  reason  the  country  people 
have  not  insight  or  knowledge  of  the  value  thereof,  of  whom  the 
merchants  dwelling  in  Pryaman,  Teckoo,  Perseman,  and  Cota 
Tinga  buy  it  and  sell  it  to  us  at  dear  rates,  notwithstanding  it 
would  do  well  if  there  might  be  any  store  gotten,  in  regard  the 
country  venteth  good  store  of  Cambaya  and  Coromandel  cloth, 
which  lieth  here  per  the  walls  and  will  not  sell  at  any  rate  either 
for  quantity  or  reasonable  price,  and  therefore  it  is  very  requisite 
to  visit  those  and  other  places  for  the  sale  of  cloth,  which  will 
not  sell  here  to  any  purpose. 

Moreover  the  Osiander,  which  lay  here  in  the  road  at  the  com- 
ing of  this  fleet  (I  mean  General  Middleton's),  is  appointed  to 
proceed  for  Japan  to  visit  the  factory  there  left  by  General  Saris, 
though  there  be  small  hope  to  reap  any  benefit  in  those  parts, 
only  there  is  some  likelihood  for  the  procuring  and  settling  of  a 
factory  in  China,  not  far  from  the  English  factory  in  Japan,  which 
if  effected  there  would  great  profit  arise  and  grow  thereby  etc. 

And  touching  the  Samaritan,  she  is  to  be  laden  from  hence 
with  all  speed  convenient  for  her  return  for  England  according  to 
General  Middleton's  speech,  who  mindeth  to  go  for  England  him- 
self in  her  etc.  Moreover  as  concerning  the  Darling,  who  went 
from  Bantam  the  10th  March  last  for  Succadana  and  from  thence 
to  despatch  away  with  all  speed  convenient  for  Pottania,  there 
to  buy  Lankin  silk  of  the  Chineses,  having  stock  from  thence  for 
the  effecting  (?)  thereof,  but  through  their  own  slackness  they 
were  disappointed  by  the  Hollanders.  And  thus  not  having 
further  at  present,  only  that  here  not  any  of  the  Surratt  fleet  is 
yet  arrived,  whom  we  expect  daily  in  regard  General  Middleton 
made  account  to  have  found  Captain  Downton  with  part  of  his 
fleet  here  at  his  coming  to  Bantam.  Thus  craving  pardon  with 
your  Worships'  favourable  censures  for  my  presumption  hitherto, 
I  conclude  with  my  prayers  to  Almighty  God  for  your  Worships' 
healths  and  happy  increase.     I  end  and  rest 

Your  Worships'  humble  and  faithful  servant, 

Samuel  Boyle. 


Y  2 


324  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY^  RECORDS 


245 

Captain  David  Middleton  to  the  East  India  Company. 

Sent  per  the  Globe. 

Laus  Deo.     Bantam,  the  20th  of  February,  1614. 

FIGHT  Worshipful,  my  duty  remembered  etc.  By  my 
last  from  Plymouth  you  had  intelligence  of  all  our 
proceedings,  what  speedy  despatch  and  no  neglect  of 
time  out  of  that  port  was  omitted.  Sithence  which 
time  to  trouble  your  Worships  more  than  ordinary  for  navigation 
I  hold  it  frivolous,  the  same  being  referred  to  a  journal  of 
travels  to  be  perused  at  our  return,  but  only  thus  :  we  arrived 
at  the  Cape  the  3rd  of  October,  where  we  had  refreshing  both  of 
flesh  and  fish  to  content,  from  whence  we  departed  the  20th  of 
the  same  and  arrived  at  the  port  of  Bantam  the  14th  of  February, 
where  I  found  the  Globe  bound  for  England,  being  a  rich  ship, 
which  God  preserve.  Of  my  willingness  to  relieve  their  wants  I 
refer  to  the  report  of  the  captain  and  of  Mr.  Floris  to  relate.  At  my 
first  coming  to  anchor  being  thwart  of  Poolla  Penchan,  an  island 
so  called,  we  were  met  with  a  prow  which  was  sent  of  purpose  to 
know  what  nation  we  were  of,  who  coming  aboard  of  us  I 
demanded  of  them  news  of  my  brother  and  of  his  proceedings, 
of  whom  I  understood  (as  you  have  long  before  heard)  of  his 
death  and  burning  of  his  ship,  who  hath  been  so  long  expected 
home.  Coming  ashore  at  Bantam  and  there  conferring  with  the 
captain  and  others,  I  understood  by  them  (which  to  my  grief  I 
write)  of  the  use  and  abuse  of  business  by  those  whom  your 
Worships  have  employed  in  your  service,  without  conscience 
making  of  anything,  taking  all  for  fish  that  came  to  net,  of  which 
Captain  Christian  and  Mr.  Floris  can  well  inform  you  of.  Con- 
cerning business  that  merely  concerns  your  Worships,  there  is  a 
man  now  chief  in  Bantam,  by  name  Mr.  John  Jourdain,  who  was 
employed  by  my  brother  Sir  Henry  Middleton  before  his  death, 
whose  presence  would  have  saved  a  great  scandal  (if  he  had  been 
here  at  Sir  Henry's  death)  that  will  redound  to  the  Company. 
The  great  care   that   General    Best   had  in  sending  this  bearer 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  325 

Captain  Christian  of  purpose  to  have  a  respective  care  of  all 
things  that  might  concern  your  Worships'  good,  meaning  those 
goods  which  were  upon  the  account  of  that  voyage  of  my 
brother's,  you  have  understood  as  well  by  himself  as  also  by 
Captain  Newport,  who  hath  understood  of  all  things.  I  have 
now  lost  two  brothers  in  your  Worships'  service ;  the  elder  a  man 
of  good  reputation  of  all  men  that  knew  him,  the  other  a  man  of 
such  respective  care  for  the  establishing  of  future  good  that  may 
redound  to  your  Worships  if  it  be  well  managed,  that  I  need  not 
to  urge  unto  you,  for  whose  death  I  presume  you  participate  in 
grief  with  me  in  some  measure,  though  to  myself  it  is  almost  un- 
supportable.  Concerning  the  disposing  of  these  ships  that  came 
along  with  me,  according  to  your  Worships'  order  we  took 
counsel  for  their  speedy  employment,  where  it  was  concluded  that 
the  Thomasine,  who  is  now  ready  to  depart  for  Amboyna,  the 
Thomas  for  Sumatra  for  gold  and  pepper,  and  the  Samaritan  to 
take  her  lading  of  pepper  here  to  return  for  England.  Out  of  this 
my  fleet  I  have  furnished  the  Osiander,  a  ship  forlorn,  with  the 
principal  men  of  my  fleet  together  with  provision  of  furniture  and 
victuals  to  make  a  voyage  to  Japan  to  second  Captain  Saris  and 
to  overlook  the  factories  in  Siam,  Potany  and  Japan.  There  is 
no  news  of  Captain  Downton's  fleet,  but  no  doubt  they  are  em- 
ployed to  your  Worships'  profit,  or  else  they  would  have  had 
some  news  of  them  in  this  place.  The  accounts  of  the  James' 
voyage  being  intricate  are  now  drawn  to  a  head  and  goods  of 
some  of  the  Joint  Stock  sent  home  as  well  by  the  James  as  the 
Globe,  they  having  both  taken  home  the  accounts  of  the  house. 
Your  business  is  well  carried  here  now,  which  if  it  were  not  I 
would  strive  with  my  best  endeavours  to  see  your  Worships' 
affairs  well  managed  to  your  most  profit.  Your  factories,  God 
willing,  shall  be  viewed  every  year,  what  charge  soever  it  doth 
cost.  And  thus  referring  whatsoever  is  omitted  to  the  report  of 
Captain  Christian  and  Mr.  Floris,  who  is  able  to  inform  you  of  all 
things  past.  Here  are  certain  parcels  of  goods  taken  out  of  the 
trade  marked  with  different  marks.  As  yet  I  have  not  viewed 
them  over.  I  expected  to  have  found  a  great  stock  here  but  it  is 
all  invested  into  cloth,  which  must  be  sent  abroad  of  necessity,  for 
it  will  not  vent  here.     If  I  had  found  a  sufficient  stock  here  to 


326  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

have  employed  my  ship  I  would  not  have  left  the  Indies  till  I  had 
laden  my  ship  richly.  So  here  is  no  employment  but  to  overview 
the  factories  aforenamed,  to  peruse  their  accounts,  and  I  have 
made  choice  of  a  very  sufficient  man  for  that  business.  Here 
hath  been  a  great  mortality  among  the  factors  ashore  at  Bantam. 
And  the  factories  abroad  have  need  to  be  seconded  ;  so  I  have 
sent  all  my  factors  and  others  that  are  sufficient  men  for  business 
and  of  good  carriage  to  be  left  where  shall  be  most  need,  as  is 
requisite  for  your  Worships'  good.  And  I  hold  it  fitting  that 
every  year  there  be  a  small  ship  sent  to  overrun  the  factories  and 
to  take  the  accounts  of  the  factors ;  and  I  will  leave  order  to 
that  effect  and  to  leave  no  place  unsought  for  where  we  may  vent 
our  cloth  and  other  commodities  that  we  can  have  sufficient  but 
have  no  means  to  sell  them.  There  is  so  much  money  disbursed 
that  there  is  little  remaining  in  the  factory  here  and  the  Samari- 
tan's lading  must  be  bought  with  ready  money.  There  is  good 
iron  brought  hither  from  Corramandell  by  Mr.  Floris  and  good 
cheap,  as  Mr.  Floris  (God  sending  him  well  home)  will  give  you  to 
understand  at  full.  I  make  account  at  Captain  Downton  his 
arrival  here  will  send  some  of  his  fleet  to  second  my  shipping,  and 
it  is  expected  you  send  more  shipping  out  of  England  this  year. 
We  have  not  as  yet  present  means  to  send  for  Succadania,  but  by 
the  first  opportunity  I  will  leave  order  the  factory  shall  be  relieved 
there.  And  because  of  my  sudden  return  home  do  omit  to  en- 
large, leaving  you  to  the  report  of  Captain  Christian  and  Mr. 
Floris.  So  for  the  present  do  rest,  with  my  prayers  for  the  good 
success  in  all  your  actions,  which  God  grant.     Amen. 

Your  Worships  in  all  service, 

David  Middleton. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  327 

246 

John  Millward  to  the  East  India  Company. 
Banton,  20th  February,  1614. 

IGHT  Worshipful,  According  to  my  duty  I  left  a  letter 
at  the  Cape  Bona  Spranza  to  give  notice  of  such 
occurrences  as  happened  between  that  and  England, 
the  importance  whereof  is  so  small  as  not  worth  the 
repetition,  affording  no  other  matter  but  that  we  arrived  at  the 
Cape  the  3rd  of  October,  1614,  in  safety,  having  passed  the  time 
with  much  content  and  lost  only  three  of  our  men  in  the  whole 
fleet.  The  20th  day  we  departed  from  the  Cape  and  held  our 
course  between  36  and  30  degrees  of  latitude  for  1,200  leagues 
purposely  to  fetch  the  S.E.  winds  which  blow  trade  between 
28  and  12  degrees.  Upon  the  28th  of  December  we  had  sight  of 
Java,  but  little  to  our  comfort  for  contrary  to  all  expectation  we 
fell  on  the  south  side  of  the  island  having  nothing  to  friend  but  a 
N.W.  monsoon  and  a  violent  current  setting  to  the  east,  by 
means  whereof  we  lost  sometime  directly  astern  20  leagues  a  day. 
In  this  desolate  and  unfrequented  sea  we  beat  up  and  down 
with  extremity  both  of  calms  and  storms  with  [other  ?]  inconve- 
niencies.  We  anchored  twice,  the  last  at  a  bay  now  called  by  our 
General's  name,  where  we  found  a  Dutchman  bound  for  Bantan, 
whom  we  formerly  met  at  the  river  De  Sestos  on  the  coast  of 
Guinea  and  at  the  Cape,  and  now  fallen  into  the  like  error  as  we 
were.  If  danger  may  admonish  let  ours  warn  your  Worships' 
ships  to  fall  into  their  latitude  before  their  reckoning  be  out, 
which  being  neglected  in  our  fleet  was  the  true  cause  of  so  gross 
an  error.  But  God,  who  is  most  strong  when  men's  hopes  are 
weakest,  by  means  of  variable  winds  sent  us  with  safety  unto  our 
desired  port  of  Bantan  the  14th  of  February,  having  lost  sithence 
our  coming  from  England  only  five  men  in  the  whole  fleet, 
whereof  one  fell  overboard  out  of  the  Admiral.  At  Bantan  we 
found  the  Globe,  who  departed  hence  for  England  the  20th  of 
February,  1614,  and  the  Osiander  unfitted  of  men  and  victuals, 
which  ship  our  general  by  advice  intendeth  to  furnish  suddenly 
for  Japan,  of  whom  Nicholas  Hawkins  goeth  cape  merchant, 
and  Ralph  Coppindall  and  Arthur  Predys  his  assistants.      The 


328  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

Thomas  is  appointed  for  the  coast  of  Sumatra,  myself  cape 
merchant  and  Mr.  Nichols  assistant.  The  Thomasine  for  the 
Mulocos,  whereof  Mr.  Bailie,  their  merchant  ashore,  is  cape 
merchant  and  Edward  Blitheman  his  assistant ;  which  voyages 
I  pray  God  prosper.  Touching  the  misfortune  of  the  Trade  and 
Sir  Henry  Middleton,  the  mortality  of  the  men  and  other  calami- 
ties I  presume  by  this  time  are  so  famous  in  England  as  I  shall 
not  need  to  trouble  your  Worships  with  the  repetitions  thereof. 
Captain  Downton's  fleet  is  not  yet  come,  neither  hear  we  any- 
thing of  them.  The  Dutch  ship  which  we  parted  with  about  a 
month  ago  on  the  south  side  of  Java  is  not  yet  come  in,  neither  is 
there  any  of  the  Dutch  in  the  road.  The  Samaritan,  whom  the 
cape  merchant  hath  promised  to  lade,  I  hope  will  be  despatched 
within  this  month,  at  which  I  will  give  your  Worships  more  par- 
ticular notice  of  such  things  as  have  happened.  In  the  meantime 
I  forbear  to  trouble  you  any  further ;  always  praying  for  your 
Worships'  health  and  prosperity  and  for  the  happy  and  good 
success  of  this  and  all  other  your  Worships'  ships. 

Your  Worships'  servant  to  command, 

John  Millward. 


247 

Edward  Blitheman  to  Sir  Thomas  Smith. 

Sent  per  the  Globe. 

Bantam,  the  20th  February,  1614. 

IGHT  Worshipful,  My  humble  duty  remembered  unto 
your  good  Worship  and  the  rest  of  the  right  worship- 
ful Company  etc.  To  begin  now  a  circumstance, 
right  Worshipful,  of  all  our  proceedings  were  some- 
thing tedious.  Yet  without  beginnings  there  can  be  no  head 
drawn ;  therefore,  with  reference  to  my  last  from  Plymouth  in 
May,  1614,  right  Worshipful,  I  now  begin  that  whereas  I  had 
given  then  notice  to  your  Worship  at  that  time,  now  I  purpose  to 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  329 

relate  by  God's  assistance  unto  your  Worships  our  since  pro- 
ceeding fortunes,  which  are  as  followeth,  viz.  :  from  the  30th 
of  May,  which  was  our  departure  from  Plymouth  Sound,  we  were 
with  God's  assistance  and  favourable  winds  the  26th  of  July 
under  the  equinoctial  line  and  from  thence  with  the  like  fair  and 
prosperous  weather  we  arrived,  to  God's  glory  and  our  own 
comfort,  in  Soldanie  road  the  3rd  of  October  last,  where  we 
found  a  Dutch  ship  of  Anckuizon  (Enkhuizen),  which  ship  parting 
from  us  at  the  river  Cestros  and  was  arrived  in  the  road  10  days 
before  us,  which  had  formerly  been  in  our  company  at  the  river 
Sestros  upon  the  coast  of  Ginnea,  a  place  which  lies  in  5  degrees 
to  the  northwards  of  the  line  and  not  much  unfit  for  trade  in 
these  your  Worships'  proceedings,  in  regard  it  lies  but  very  little 
out  of  the  ordinary  course.  The  commodity  that  it  affords  is 
chiefly  elephants'  teeth  and  grain,  both  which  commodities  were 
then  to  be  had  in  great  abundance  and  for  small  trifles,  viz., 
knives,  coarse  felts  of  all  colours,  looking-glasses,  scissors,  iron 
etc. ;  and  had  not  the  time  of  the  year  been  so  precious,  our 
general  had  determined  by  trucking  away  of  your  Worships'  petty 
commodities  to  have  made  a  trial,  being  partly  moved  thereunto 
by  the  persuasion  of  an  Indian  which  spoke  very  good  English 
and  had  formerly  been  two  years  in  England  with  Mr.  Davis  at 
the  stocks  and  is  known  by  the  name  of  John  Davis,  being  as  we 
perceived  the  king's  son  of  that  place.  Our  ship  stopped  here 
one  day^while  our  General  went  ashore,  where  he  had  sight  of 
store  of  teeth,  and  by  report  of  that  Indian  he  might  have 
procured  a  great  quantity.  He  had  very  kind  entertainment 
of  the  king  of  that  place  with  great  proffers  and  promises  of 
trade  if  he  would  stay  there  with  his  ships.  There  is  very  good 
refreshing  for  men  that  shall  stop  there,  for  they  may  water 
there  in  a  great  river  which  is  called  the  river  Sestros,  known  to 
all  those  that  use  this  coast ;  but  the  charge  of  a  fleet  being  great, 
with  all  other  things  considered,  our  General  thought  it  not  good 
to  stay,  because  the  charge  of  the  fleet  would  have  eaten  away  all 
the  profit.  So  having  a  little  flaw  of  foul  weather  we  weighed  the 
next  morning  and  plied  away  our  course  as  near  as  we  could  lie 
for  the  doubling  of  the  shoals  of  Brasill ;  and  the  10th  of  August 
we  passed  by  those  shoals.     And  at  our  being  at  the  Cape,  which 


33°  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

was  as  I  formerly  mentioned  in  October  last,  we  found  by  the 
inscription  on  the  stones  the  arrival  of  the  both  outward  [and] 
homeward  ships,  viz.  Captain  Best  in  the  Dragon  the  20th  of 
February,  Captain  Newport  in  the  Expedition  the  31st  of  March, 
homeward  bound,  and  Richard  Pettie  in  the  Concord  the  gth  of 
May  outward,  and  Captain  Downton  with  his  four  ships  the  20th 
of  June  outward.  And  in  the  time  of  our  being  there  the  Dutch- 
man made  known  unto  us  a  packet  of  letters  which  their  company 
had  found  on  the  top  of  a  hill.  So  our  General  sent  myself  and 
Mr.  Millward  for  the  fetching  of  them,  being  a  place  at  least 
distant  two  miles  from  our  tents.  So  finding  them  we  perceived 
them  to  be  the  letters  of  the  factors  of  Captain  Downton's  fleet. 
Our  General,  therefore,  desirous  to  see  what  hope  there  might  be 
for  getting  of  fresh  victuals,  in  regard  we  had  got  none  in  three 
days  after  our  coming  hither,  he  made  bold  to  open  the  packet, 
which  was  directed  to  your  Worship,  and  so  perused  two  of  the 
factors'  letters  which  he  thought  might  best  enlighten  him  to  his 
desires,  and  afterwards  sealed  them  up  again  in  a  letter  of  his 
own  directed  to  your  Worship  and  buried  them  by  the  stone 
where  he  placed  his  name ;  but  in  them  he  found  little  comfort, 
for  Coree  the  Indian,  who  had  received  so  many  favours  from 
your  Worship,  having  no  sooner  got  his  brass  armour  from  them 
which  your  Worship  bestowed  on  him  but  presently  got  him 
away  amongst  his  barbarous  crew  and  never  came  near  them  all 
their  time  of  being  there,  and  did  not  only  absent  himself  but  also 
restrained  the  rest,  as  it  appeared,  from  coming  down,  for  they 
got  not  any  cattle  after  [his]  going  up.  We  had  like  to  have 
fared  a  great  deal  the  worse  for  him,  had  it  not  pleased  God  to 
have  sent  us  down  another  tribe  of  them,  which,  as  it  should 
seem,  were  unacquainted  with  him,  for  at  his  being  with  us  we 
could  have  no  cattle  at  any  terms  without  brass  kettles,  which 
must  be  very  bright,  esteeming  nothing  of  the  copper  which  your 
Worship  sent  with  us,  and  would  not  for  divers  pieces  of  it  sell  us 
a  sheep,  whereas  the  last  voyage  to  my  own  knowledge  we  might 
for  that  quantity  have  had  two  or  three  oxen.  He  was  no  sooner 
gone  from  us  but  the  next  day  came  down  a  strange  company 
which  brought  with  them  500  head  of  cattle  and  sold  of  them  to 
us   at  very   reasonable   rates   and   would   very  fain   have  taken 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  331 

commodities  for  them  all,  but  that  we  knew  not  what  to  do  with 
them.  So  it  had  been  good  in  my  opinion  either  he  had  been 
hanged  in  England  or  drowned  homeward.  The  20th  of  October 
we  set  sail  from  thence  towards  Bantam,  having  stayed  there 
17  days  with  our  men  in  very  good  health,  having  lost  but  three 
men  in  all  the  fleet,  besides  one  in  the  harbour  of  Plymouth.  So 
we  stood  away  for  Bantam  with  fair  winds  and  prosperous 
weather  and  were  in  election  of  as  good  a  passage  as  ever  men 
hath  had  this  way,  had  we  not  kept  it  too  much  to  the  south- 
wards, fearing  the  S.E.  winds,  which  we  were  never  troubled 
withal,  but  in  lieu  of  them  N.W.  and  W.N.W.  in  greater  abund- 
ance than  we  expected,  insomuch  that  we  were  put  to  the  south- 
ward of  our  port  and  had  more  ado  to  beat  it  up  to  the  northward 
by  reason  of  the  current  and  monsoon,  which  were  violently  bent 
against  us.  So  we  stood  in  for  the  shore  and  had  sight  of  land 
in  8  degrees  and  50  minutes,  and  found  it  to  be  the  south  side  of 
Java,  a  place  which  is  full  of  good  harbours  and  bays  all  the 
coast  alongst.  In  the  first  bay  where  we  anchored  (which  was 
the  18th  of  January)  we  found  no  people  at  all  but  did  perceive 
a  fire  afar  off  as  a  sign  of  people  there,  which  bay  is  60  leagues 
off  from  the  straits  of  Sunda  ;  but  our  General,  loath  to  detract 
time,  having  got  a  little  water  with  some  wood,  the  next  day  at 
night  we  set  sail.  The  coast  lieth  nearest  E.  by  S.  and  W.  by  N. 
So  we  stood  thinking  to  get  to  the  southwards,  but  by  reason  of 
the  current  we  made  such  an  easterly  way  as  the  General  thought 
it  fit  to  stand  in  for  the  shore  again ;  and  within  two  days  we 
came  to  an  anchor  in  another  bay  some  16  leagues  to  the  east- 
wards of  our  former  bay,  where  we  anchored  ;  and  here  we  found 
the  Dutchman  at  an  anchor  who  departed  from  the  Cape  towards 
Bantam  10  days  before  us,  and  he  had  been  here  6  days,  in  which 
time  he  had  been  ashore  and  traded  with  the  people  here  for  fresh 
victuals,  there  being  no  other  commodities  else  here  to  be  had 
and  that  exceeding  scarce  too.  Whether  it  were  for  fear  of  such 
a  fleet  of  ships  or  what  else  I  know  not,  but  the  people  were  all  in 
arms  and  had  sent  away  their  provisions  up  into  the  country ;  so 
that  we  got  little  or  nothing,  notwithstanding  the  General  pre- 
senting the  king  with  a  piece  and  other  small  trifles,  for  which 
he  had  in  return  a  small  goat,  a  hen  and  a  few  lemons.     The 


332  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

General,  perceiving  such  small  comfort  to  be  hoped  from  them, 
took  in  some  water  and  so  came  to  sail,  having  stayed  there  two 
days  in  company  with  the  Dutchman.  So  it  pleased  God  to 
lend  us  a  slent  of  a  southerly  wind.  We  laid  it  alongst  as  near 
as  we  could,  insomuch  that  we  got  very  near  20  leagues  in  24 
hours  to  the  westwards.  The  wind  veering  more  westerly  and 
something  gusty  withal,  we  stood  off  in  sea,  and  in  standing  off 
we  lost  the  company  of  the  Dutchman  and  the  Thomas.  So 
coming  into  10  degrees  the  wind  came  southerly  again.  So  we 
plied  it  in  as  near  as  we  could,  and  the  nth  day  of  February  [we 
had]  sight  of  the  Salt  Isles,  and  still  standing  in  we  had  sight  of 
the  Thomas  the  same  day  again  and  the  13th  day  got  to  an  anchor 
in  Bantam  road  to  God's  glory  and  our  own  comforts  ;  where  we 
found  the  Globe  and  the  Osiander,  the  one  ready  to  depart  for 
England,  and  the  other  laid  up  for  want  of  men  to  employ  her. 
So  our  General  going  ashore  with  the  factors  of  his  fleet,  was 
presently  a  council  assembled  for  the  employment  of  the  Osiander 
and  the  rest  of  his  fleet,  having  but  only  goods  in  Bantam  for  to 
despatch  away  the  Samaritan  for  England  and  the  rest  of  the 
fleet  presently  to  be  disposed  of.  So  the  Thomasine  she  was 
presently  appointed  for  the  Molluccas,  or  if  not  able  to  [get] 
thither  to  stop  at  Succadania  and  coast  it  alongst  the  coast  of 
Java,  to  beat  out  a  trade  for  getting  of  her  lading ;  and  there 
were  appointed  to  go  in  her  for  factors  Mr.  Bailey  and  myself, 
her  own  master,  Ralph  Wilson,  still  to  continue  in  her.  For  the 
Osiander  she  to  be  fitted  with  30  men  and  to  go  for  Jap- 
poun,  wherein  goes  Captain  Hawkins  [with  Ralph]  Coppindall 
and  Arthur  Predys  for  factors,  and  John  Hunt  master,  with  two 
other  sufficient  mates.  For  the  Thomas,  she  was  appointed  for 
Sumatra  to  beat  out  a  trade  for  getting  of  her  lading  there,  and 
to  all  which  our  pretences  I  pray  God  send  a  happy  success. 
Our  speedy  departure  in  the  Thomasine  hinders  the  enlargement 
of  these  my  letters  at  this  time,  and  therefore  I  beseech  your 
Worship  to  excuse  my  brevity  at  this  time.  I  hope  by  my  next 
to  certify  your  Worship  of  our  happy  success  at  Amboina,  the 
which  the  Lord  of  His  mercy  grant.  Here  cannot  be  as  yet  any 
news  expected  of  the  Concord,  her  departure  for  that  place  being 
so  late.     I  pray  God  send  both  her  and  us  a  joyful  meeting  both 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  333 

to  God's  glory,  your  Worship's  benefit,  and  our  comforts  one  of 
another.     Thus  with  my  hourly  prayers  for  your  Worship's  happy 
success  in  all  your  affairs,  committing  them  and  your  Worship  to 
God's  good  protection,  I  humbly  take  my  leave  and  do  rest 
Your  Worship's  most  bounden  in  all  duty, 

Ed.  Blitheman. 


248 

Richard  Rowe,  master  of  the  Thomas,  to  the  East  India 
Company.     Bantam,  February  21st,  1614. 

pNOURABLE  and  Right  Worshipful  Sir  and  Sirs,  my 
duty  remembered,  desiring  your  healths,  etc.  May  it 
please  you  to  understand  I  left  letter  at  Soldania, 
which  I  know  not  whether  it  come  to  your  hands  or 
no.  The  contents  were  our  departure  from  Plymouth,  being  the 
30th  of  May,  our  falling  with  the  Isles  of  Canada  the  15th  of 
June,  our  coming  into  the  calms,  variable  winds  and  rain  the 
25th  day  of  the  same  month  of  June,  which  began  in  the  parallel 
of  120  north  and  in  the  meridian  of  40  variation  east.  The 
10th  of  July  had  sight  of  the  coast  of  Gambia  or  Guinea  in  lati- 
tude 50  30'  and  about  half  a  degree  longitude  east  from  that  of 
the  Lizard.  Here  we  anchored  off  river  Sesto,  where  our  General 
was  ashore,  but  made  not  long  stay.  Here  the  Dutch  ship  left 
us  which  we  met  with  some  three  days  before,  being  bound  for 
Bantam.  The  26th  at  night  we  crossed  the  equinox  in  the  meri- 
dian of  50  variation  east,  and  longitude  from  Sestos  west  about 
io°.  The  15th  of  August  we  were  farthest  westward  in  latitude 
170  40'  and  longitude  from  Sesto  about  180  30'  west  and  in  the 
meridian  of  120  30'  variation  east  83  leagues  of  Cape  Debasas  on 
the  main  within  the  shoals  of  Brassell  (Brazil).  Here  was  taken 
the  first  general  opinion  for  our  being  off  the  shoals,  particulars 
whereof  I  omit,  having  formerly  written.  The  20th  of  September 
I  was  in  latitude  330  46'  south  and  40  20'  variation  east,  where 
was  the  second  giving-in  of  general  opinions,  and  having  formerly 


334  r7  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECOi 

written  thereof  I  cease  further.     The  ist  of  Oct  f  11  with 

the  land  in  latitude  330  10'  and  the  3rd  of  ditto  anchored  in 
Saldania,  where  we  found  the  Dutchman  formerly  met  withal  at 
Sesto.     Here  we  found  al  a  the  1   turn  of  Captain  Best  and 

Captain  Newport,  with  the  outward  arrival  of  Captain  DowntOU 
and  Mr.  Petty,  as  also  letters  left  by  some  of  Captain  Downton'a 
Beet.  Here  we  stayed  till  the  20th  of  October  and  then  departed, 
having  had  good  store  of  refreshing.  The  Fleming  departed  ten 
days  before  us. 

To  pass  over  particulars,  avoiding  tediousness,  time  permitting 
not  leisure,  the  20th  of  December  was  the  third  council,  where  I 
found  180  45'  latitude  and  near  8°  00'  variation  west,  [ngania 
bearing  N.E.  by  N.  \  northerly  310  leagues  off,  as  I  concluded. 
The  28th  we  had  sight  of  the  land  00  the  south  side  of  Java, 
about  8°  00'  latitude,  which  cost  us  much  trouble  and  ex- 
pense of  time,  whereas  we  might  within  two  days  have  obtained 
our  desired  port  of  Bantam  had  we  fallen  open  of  the  straits. 

Then  we  put  off  with  the  wind  at  X.W.  and  W.N.W.  in  the  lati- 
tude 1 30  10',  then  stood  in  again    near?    the  shore;  but  having 

felt  the  force  of  a  strong  E.S.E.  current  we  could  not  obtain  our 
desire.  The  iSth  of  January  we  anchored  in  a  bay  on  the  south 
side  and  filled  amongst  us  8  or  10  tons  of  water,  and  put  off  again 
the  20th  of  ditto,  and  the  23rd,  having  consulted  for  the  future 
navigation,  finding  an  apparent  loss  of  12  or  14  leaglK  -  in  24 
hours,  we  stood  in  to  the  shore,  where  we  found  the  Dutchman  at 
anchor  that  we  erst  met  withal  at  Sesto  and  the  Cape.  Her- 
onry stayed  till  the  26th  and  filled  amongst  our  three  ships  some 
30  tons  of  water.  This  road,  as  also  the  former,  stands  between 
latitude  70  45'  and  8°  00'.  Putting  off  this  road  our  fleet  lost  us, 
and  the  wind  coming  as  formerly  at  N.W.  and  W.N.W.,  we  put 
off  into  io°  40',  where  we  found  the  wind  at  S.E.,  and  coming  into 
latitude  io°20'  and  variation  30  30'  I  discovered  an  island  bearing 
west  some  3  or  4  leagues  off.  This  island  is  in  length  4  or  5  leagues 
and  lies  from  the  straits  of  Sunda  between  the  S.S.E.  and  S.E. 
by  S.  The  12th  day  of  February  we  came  through  the  straits 
of  Sunda,  and  the  13th  day  we  anchored  in  Bantam  Road,  where 
we  found  the  Globe  laden  for  England  and  the  Osiander  laid  up 
for  want  of  men,  and  Mr.  John  Jourdain  captain  of  the  house. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  335 

Here  also  we  heard  that  most  lamentable  news  of  the  Trades 
Increase  with  the  great  mortality  of  so  many  men  of  several 
[ranks]  and  fashions  with  divers  strange  and  [  ]  accidents. 

The  16th  we  were  ashore  with  our  General,  where  by  a  general 
council  it  was  determined  for  the  disposing  of  the  ships  to  sail, 
the  Samaritan  for  England,  the  Thomas  for  Sumatra,  the  Tho- 
masine  for  Banda  and  Amboyna,  the  Osiander  for  Jappan.  We 
have  yet  no  news  of  Captain  Downton's  fleet.  The  Concord  is 
gone  for  the  Molluccos  and  the  Darling  for  the  coast  of  Syam. 
Our  General  pretends  or  at  least  bears  us  in  hand  that  he  will 
return  for  England  by  the  first  ship,  but  I  cannot  yet  be  persuaded 
thereof,  neither  do  I  think  it  fitting.  Thus  for  this  time  ceasing 
further  to  trouble  you,  humbly  taking  leave,  with  my  duty  remem- 
bered I  end,  and  rest  now  and  ever  at  your  Honour's  command 
in  all  service,  I  am, 

Ric.  Rowe. 


249 

Richard  Westby  to  the  East  India  Company. 
Bantam,  21st  February,  1614. 

IGHT  Worshipful,  my  humble  duty  remembered  etc. 
May  it  please  you  to  understand  that  upon  the  8th  of 
January,  1614,  the  Globe  arrived  in  the  road  of  Ban- 
tam, come  from  the  coast  of  Coramandell,  having 
some  part  of  her  lading  in  her,  which  is  not  much  ;  and  hath  taken 
in  here  at  Bantam  5,000  sacks  of  Java  pepper  milled,  and  25  chests 
of  China  silks,  containing  as  per  invoice  and  bills  of  lading  will 
appear,  viz.,  4,000  sacks  for  the  account  of  the  Seventh  Voyage, 
being  bought  of  the  Joint  Stock  at  the  same  rate  as  pepper  was 
worth  the  same  day  it  was  agreed  upon  by  a  council  of  merchants. 
The  account  of  the  Seventh  Voyage  not  having  ready  money  for 
payment,  it  was  also  agreed  upon  by  a  council  of  merchants  that 
they  should  deliver  the  value  of  so  much  money  in  clothing  of 
Coramandell  at  the  rate  it  was  worth  the  aforesaid  present  time, 
as  by  the  letters  general  and  the  copy  of  the  journal  sent  to  your 


336  EAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

Worships  the  prices,  quantity  ami  quality  will  at  large  appear. 
The  other  1,000  sacks  of  Java  pepper  milled,  and  25  dusts  of 
China  silks  is  laden  for  the  account  of  the  Joint  Stork,  the  Globe 
having  left  ,82  bales  of  cinnamon  as  also  10  bales  of  cotton  yarn 
ashore,  in  regard  they  took  in  the  aforesaid  25  chests  for  the 
Joint  Stock;  having  agreed  the  next  ship  that  shall  return  for 
England  to  send  the  cinnamon  ami  yarn  for  the  account  of  the 
Seventh  Voyage,  referring  the  agreement  of  1 1 1 « -  freight  both  of 
the  one  and  other  to  the  wise  disposing  of  the  worshipful  Com- 
pany at  home.  There  is  also  a  parcel  of  diamonds,  containing  in 
number  337  and  in  weight  Iioj  carats,  delivered  to  the  captain 
and  cape  merchant  of  the  Globe,  as  by  the  invoice  will  ap] 
being  bought  at  Sacadaney  for  the  account  of  the  Joint  Stock, 
but  before  the  worshipful  Company  was  united)  for  the  account  of 
the  Sixth  Voyage.  The  uth  ditto  at  night  the  Speedwell,  a 
small  pinnace  of  the  burthen  of  30  tons,  built  lure  in  Bantam 
of  the  hull  of  a  Java  junk,  set  sail  from  hence  bring  bound  for 
Macckaser,  there  to  stay  1  \  days  to  take  in  rice  for  the  Moloucoes, 
and  for  the  coming  of  the  Concord  ;  and  if  the  Concord  come  not 
within  14  days  after,  then  to  set  sail  and  proceed  for  the  islands 
of  Amboyna,  having  for   her  master   [  Alexander  and  for 

merchant  Sophony  Cozucke.  The  27th  ditto  the  Concord  set  sail 
for  the  Molucoes,  being  to  touch  at  Macckaser  there  to  take  in 
any  such  commodity  as  is  not  there  vendible,  and  will  vent  at 
[the]  islands  of  Amboyna,  as  at  Hitto,  Cambella  and  Lugo,  which 
is  the  chiefest  places  for  cloves  upon  all  the  island  of  Amboyna, 
having  for  merchant  of  her  George  Ball,  and  for  master  of  her 
John  Skinner  ;  not  doubting  per  the  help  of  God  but  they  will 
settle  a  factory  at  one  of  those  places  for  which  they  are  bound, 
having  such  in  commission  from  John  Jourdain,  cape  merchant 
for  the  Joint  Stock,  the  people  of  the  country  having  long 
desired  it  by  their  outward  show  ;  therefore  I  hope  it  will  be 
effected,  which  will  be  to  your  Worship's  great  benefit  for  future 
trade,  as  well  for  the  getting  of  cloves  as  also  the  vending  of 
a  great  deal  of  coarse  cloth,  both  Suratt  and  Coramandell, 
which  the  poor  people  buy  which  are  not  able  to  go  to  the 
price  of  better.  The  aforesaid  Concord  hath  also  order  that 
at  her  return  she  touch  at  Temore  and  Gresse,  Temore  yielding 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  337 

sandalwood,  a  good  commodity  when  the  China  junks  are 
here,  or  to  send  to  the  coast  of  Coramandell,  the  trade  being 
worth  the  following  in  regard  there  is  hope  the  place  will  vend 
much  coarse  cloth,  both  of  Suratt  and  Coramandell,  as  also  the 
cheapness  of  the  sandalwood  there  and  good  price  it  beareth  here 
in  Bantam,  being  sold  to  the  China  junks,  as  also  it  being  carried 
to  the  coast  of  Coramandell,  it  being  worth  here  at  Bantam 
20  rials  the  pecul  and  at  the  Coast  80  pagodas  the  candy,  which 
is  500  pounds  English.  Gresee  by  report  yieldeth  some  cloves 
brought  from  other  places  by  Java  junks,  as  also  will  vend  some 
quantity  of  cloth  of  Coramandell,  as  Tape  Chindes  petoles,  Tape 
girdles  and  coarse  Tapes  and  such  like,  being  Cherra  Java.  The 
14th  of  this  month  Captain  David  Middleton  arrived  in  the  road 
of  Bantam  with  three  ships,  viz.  the  Samaritan,  the  Thomas  and 
the  Thomasine,  hoping  to  have  his  lading  ready  for  two  of  his 
ships,  viz.  the  Samaritan  and  the  Thomas,  but  hath  not  found 
sufficient  to  lade  one  as  yet,  the  James  and  the  Globe  having 
carried  away  all  before  but  some  1,000  sacks  of  pepper,  which  is 
ready,  and  more  will  be  got  ready  by  the  latter  end  of  March, 
which  will  be  the  soonest  she  can  be  laden,  which  I  fear  will  be 
too  late  for  a  ship  to  return  without  great  danger.  We  have  more 
than  enough  of  our  own  to  lade  a  ship  if  we  could  get  in  our 
debts,  but  in  regard  we  cannot,  must  be  forced  to  buy,  though  at 
a  high  rate,  which  will  be  15  or  16  rials  the  ten  sacks.  Had  there 
been  any  store  of  money  in  the  house  or  that  the  ships  had 
brought  any  quantity,  there  might  have  been  bought  a  good 
quantity  of  Lankin  silk  this  year,  for  it  is  reported  that  the  five 
China  junks  have  brought  upwards  of  300  peculs,  besides  great 
store  of  other  commodities,  which  will  be  very  cheap  in  regard 
neither  the  Hollanders  nor  the  English  have  any  store  of  money 
to  buy  as  they  have  formerly  done.  The  16th  ditto  Captain  David 
Middleton  called  a  court  to  hear  the  opinion  of  the  merchants 
what  were  best  to  be  done  in  regard  there  is  no  possibility  to  lade 
the  two  ships  and  to  send  them  away  according  to  your  Worships' 
desire,  as  appeareth  in  your  letters  general.  It  is  therefore  con- 
cluded in  the  court  by  all  generally  present  at  the  said  court 
that  the  Thomas  shall  go  for  the  coast  of  Sumattra,  there  to  seek 
her  lading  with  a  cargason  of  Surratt  cloth,  as  baftas,  white 
Y  1268.  2 


338  EAST   INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

baftas,  Nill  Selas,  Candeques,  Orickanes,  and  such-like  commo- 
dities as  vendible  upon  the  coast,  there  1m  in^  a  place  newly  dis- 
covered per  Captain  Christian,  now  captain  of  the  Globe,  called 
Cotatinga;  a  place  which  venteth  much  cloth  of  these  sorts  above 
said,  as  also  yieldeth  much  pepper  and  fine  gold  of  divers  sorts, 
the  one  good  for  England,  the  other  good  for  the  Molucoes  and 
for  the  factory  of  Sacadaney,  as  also  other  places  not  yet  certainly 
known.  The  people  of  these  places  desire  of  it  rather  than  rials. 
The  Osiander  to  go  for  Jappan,  but  first  to  touch  at  the  factories 
of  Puttaney  and  Syam  to  visit  and  relieve  them.  The  Thomasine 
to  go  for  the  Molucoes  to  second  the  Concord  if  she  be  able  to 
fetch  the  place  whereto  she  is  bound,  it  being  much  feared  the 
time  of  the  year  is  too  far  spent ;  but  if  she  cannot,  then  to  go  to 
Temore  and  Gresse,  as  also  to  seek  trade  upon  the  coast  of  Java 
upon  the  back  side.  And  the  Samaritan  to  return  for  England, 
wherein  the  General  doth  intend  per  the  grace  of  God  to  continue, 
being  all  the  speed  made  that  may  be  for  her  sooner  despatch. 
The  Thomasine  is  now  ready  to  set  sail,  wherein  goeth  merchant 
John  Bailye.  The  Osiander  will  be  the  next,  wherein  there  goeth 
chief  commander  Nicholas  Hawkins.  And  the  Thomas  last, 
wherein  goeth  Mr.  Millward  chief  merchant,  and  William  Nicolls 
his  assistant.  We  look  for  the  ships  from  Surratt  very  shortly, 
having  but  small  store  of  men  at  present  to  supply  so  many 
factories  as  already  are  and  to  establish  more  where  there  is  hope 
of  good  to  be  done  ;  but  God  sending  us  life  and  health  and  a 
blessing  to  our  labours,  we  hope  so  to  endeavour  ourselves  to  find 
out  as  many  places  as  may  vend  great  quantity  both  of  Surratt 
and  Meslapattam  cloth  for  the  maintenance  of  these  trades,  with- 
out the  which  they  will  not  be  worth  anything  in  this  place,  of 
itself  venting  but  small  store  and  at  bad  rates.  Not  doubting, 
by  the  help  of  God,  whereas  now  I  writ  partly  of  hopes,  that  at 
the  return  of  these  ships  from  their  pretended  voyages  I  shall  be 
able  to  write  of  assurances.  Thanks  be  to  God  our  Englishmen 
stand  better  in  health  here  in  Bantam  than  formerly  they  have 
done.  Whether  it  be  our  changing  of  houses,  having  a  better  air 
at  our  new  house  than  formerly  we  had  at  our  old  house,  or 
what  else  it  is,  I  know  not ;  but  the  blessing  of  God  I  am  sure  it 
is.     Thus  not  having  further  to  trouble  your  Worships  at  present 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS  339 

but  to  entreat  you  to  have  this  conceit  of  me,  that  soever  I  know 
either  for  your  profit  or  prejudice  I  will  by  the  first  advise  you 
of  it,  that  the  one  may  be  followed  for  advantage  the  other  be 
prevented  for  to  shun  inconvenience,  I  humbly  take  [my]  leave, 
praying  to  God  daily,  as  my  duty  is,  to  bless  and  prosper  as  well 
yourselves  as  your  affairs  both  in  England  and  here  in  [  ] 

that  they  may  redound  to  the  glory  of  God,  the  great  benefit  of 
[the]  right  worshipful  Company,  and  the  credit  of  us  your  Wor- 
ships' servants  and  factors  here  in  the  Indies. 

Your  Worships'  servant  to  command  to  the 
utmost  of  his  power  and  might, 

Richard  Westby. 


250 

John  Jourdain  to  George  Ball,  cape  merchant  of  the  Concord. 
Bantam,  the  23rd  February,  1614. 

|OVING  Friend  Mr.  Ball,  my  commendations  remem- 
bered to  yourself  with  the  rest  of  your  company  etc- 
This  may  be  to  certify  you  that  the  13th  of  this  present 
here  arrived  General  David  Middleton  with  three  ships, 
viz.  the  Samaritan,  the  Thomas,  and  this  ship  the  Thomasine. 
The  effect  of  the  worshipful  Company's  letters  is  as  the  former 
sent  by  the  Concord,  and  therefore  I  will  not  be  tedious  therein, 
only  touch  the  chief  points  which  concerneth  the  business,  not 
doubting  but  before  this  come  to  your  hands  you  will  be  in  good 
forwardness  about  your  lading.  And  therefore  this  ship  is  sent 
to  second  you,  either  to  stay  about  Amboina  or  else  for  Banda,  as 
per  the  commission  given  by  the  General  may  more  largely 
appear  etc. 

The  Thomas  is  to  go  for  Sumattra  about  a  month  hence 
and  the  Osiander  for  Jappon.  The  Samaritan  for  England,  if 
pepper  may  be  found  for  money,  for  at  present  by  reason  of  five 
China  junks,  which  are  here  in  Bantam  the  pepper  is  worth 
16  rials  per  ten  sacks,  and  not  to  be  had  for  money,  and  the 
three   ships   now   newly   come   have   brought   little.     And   the 

Z   2 


340  EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 

Hollanders  are  altogether  without  money  until  the  coming  of  their 
ships  which  they  expect  daily,  and  we  the  like  from  Suratte, 
wherein  comcth  Captain  Downton  for  General.  Kewee  doth  con- 
tinue his  villainy  according  to  his  ordinary  use,  for  I  shall  be 
forced  to  give  a  great  price  for  pepper  for  his  default,  and  yet  in 
doubt  whether  I  shall  be  able  to  get  the  lading  of  the  Samaritan 
or  not  etc. 

At  the  meeting  of  this  ship  the  Thomasine,  I  pray  call  a 
council  concerning  the  worshipful  Company's  business,  what  is 
best  to  be  done  either  for  Banda  or  any  other  place  where  the  vent 
of  cloth  may  be  had.  For  if  occasion  serve  that  there  be  hope  of 
any  other  place,  as  per  your  intelligence  you  may  understand, 
or  any  hopes  for  a  future  good,  either  for  the  sale  of  goods  or 
commodities,  by  a  general  council  you  may  direct  this  ship,  pro- 
vided always  that  you  have  an  especial  care  that  they  go  not 
under  any  of  the  Hollanders'  castles,  because  the  ship  is  of  small 
force,  much  less  under  the  Spaniards'  command,  except  you  have 
certain  advice  or  great  hope  of  future  good. 

And  if  all  hopes  should  fail  of  the  lading  of  the  two  ships, 
it  is  ordained  that  they,  or  one  of  the  ships,  at  their  return  home- 
ward repair  for  Timor,  Gracia  and  Japara  for  to  view  the  country 
and  what  is  there  to  be  done,  according  to  my  last  directions  by 
you  ;  and  if  there  be  any  good  to  be  done,  to  settle  factories  in 
either  place ;  if  not,  to  send  one  of  the  ships  for  Sacadana  with 
the  remainder,  and  there  as  shall  be  thought  fitting  to  leave  goods 
accordingly,  as  by  my  former  order  by  yourself  may  be  seen,  as 
also  the  like  order  is  given  Mr.  Bailye  by  the  General,  to  the  which 
I  refer  me.  I  pray  commend  me  to  Mr.  Cokayne  and  Mr.  Sophony 
with  the  rest  of  your  merchants,  not  forgetting  the  master. 

This  ship  hath  about  I2v  rials  in  cargazon  in  money,  gold 
and  Choramandell  cloth,  as  per  the  same  cargazon  may  appear, 
but  for  Suratt  goods  they  have  none,  because  I  think  there  is 
enough  to  furnish  all  places  in  your  ship.  Thus  not  having  else 
at  present,  only  praying  the  Almighty  to  bless  and  prosper  your 
proceedings  and  send  you  well  to  Bantam,  whose  company  I  much 
want  in  this  time  of  troublesome  business. 

Your  loving  friend  always, 

John  Jourdain. 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


341 


Our  friend  Mr.  Peter  Floris  departed  the  21st  of  this  present 
with  Captain  Christian,  well  furnished  out  of  these  ships  to  their 
contents  ;  but  our  friend  Mr.  Cobb  remaineth.  I  made  a  protest 
against  them  for  not  carrying  him  but  all  would  not  serve,  but 
remaineth  here  like  himself  far  worse  than  in  former  time. 


GLOSSARY 

(In  continuation  of  that  given  in  Vol.  I). 


Affanan  (Arabic  afyuri)  :  opium 
Anil  (Arabic  al-nit) :  indigo 
Aurancaya — see  Orancaya 
Avanto  (Ital.  avanzo) '.  gain,  enhance- 
ment 
Avenia  (Ital.  avania) :  a  fine,  exaction 

BANKSALL  :   a  warehouse ;   hence  ap- 
plied to  a  custom-house 
Beage  (Hind,  beg) :  a  title  of  honour 

Catfro  (Arabic  kafir) :  an  unbeliever  ; 
from  being  applied  by  the  Arabs  and 
Portuguese  to  pagan  negroes,  the 
word  came  to  mean  a  slave,  and  is 
so  used  in  the  present  volume 

Candarin  or  Condrin:  in  the  Japan- 
ese currency,  the  tenth  part  of  a  mass, 
and  consequently  the  hundredth  part 
of  a  tael  (5 s. ) 

Cavidall  or  Caphila  (Arabic  kafi- 
lah) :  a  caravan 

Chaya  :  used  on  p.  127  as  a  generic 
term  for  red  dye 

Comprador  (Port.)  :  a  house-steward 

Copang  :  apparently  the  sixty-fourth 
part  of  a  tael 

Coyan  :  a  measure  for  rice.  One  coyan 
weighed  nearly  two  tons  (p.  77) 

Erzed  :  a  hybrid  word  formed  from 

the  Hind,  arzi,  a  petition 
Erzedach  (Hind,  arz-dasht) :  a  written 

petition  or  memorial 

Fitchew  :  a  polecat 
Frangubts    (Persian  farangi):  Euro- 
peans 
FusTO  (Port,  fusta) :  a  pinnace 


Geme  (Arabic  zani) :  a  nautical  measure 
used  by  Arab  navigators,  equivalent 
to  twelve  nautical  miles  (see  Yule  & 
Burnell's  Hobson  -Jobson,  Supple- 
ment, sub  "jam").  The  statement 
on  p.  177  that  a  geme  equals  thirty 
leagues  appears  to  be  incorrect 

Gen  :  a  Japanese  brass  coin,  in  value 
about  the  tenth  of  a  penny 

Hast  :  a  measure  equivalent  to  about 
half  a  yard  (Purchas,  I.,  391) 

Kerimon  (Japanese  koromo)  :  a  robe 

Langanatt   (Japanese    naginata):    a 

lance 
Laskar  (Persian  lashkar)  :  a  camp 
Lutrano  (Port.  Lutherano)  :  a   Pro- 
testant (Lutheran) 

Matt  :  a  Japanese  measure  equivalent 
to  about  two  English  yards  (p.  3)  ; 
hence  it  is  sometimes  called  a  fathom 

Morofaco  :  a  spirit  or  wine 

Murderer:  a  small  piece  of  ordnance 

Orancaya  (Malay  Orangkaya) :  a  chief 
or  person  of  distinction 

Pagoda  :  a    gold   coin    of   Southern 

India,  worth  at  this  time  about  $s.  8d. 

(see  pp.  61  and  123) 
Partido  (Port,  pariicia)'.  a  parcel 
Patale    (Kanarese     and     Malayalam 

patltida) :  a  silk  cloth 
Pengran  (Malayan  pattgiran):  a  title 

of  certain  feudal  princes  in  Java,  &c 


344 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


Pezo  (Port,  peso) :  a  coin.  On  p.  68  it 
is  used  of  the  rial  of  eight  (peso 
duro) 

Pisa  :  a  weight  representing  a  varying 
fraction  of  the  seer— stated  to  be  one- 
eighteenth  on  pp.  250  and  253,  and 
one  thirtieth  on  page  181 

PoN  Leema  (Malayan  panglima):  a 
governor  or  commander 

Pootoes  :  Pueho,  costus  root 

Pregona  (Hind,  pargana):  a  district 

Quita  Soll  (Port,  quiia-sol)  or  Som- 
brero (Port  sumbreiro) :  an  um- 
brella 

Ram  dam  (Arabic  ramazan):  the  Mu- 
hammadan  month  of  abstinence 


Shag 
nap 


a  cloth  with    a    long,  coarse 


Sh ashes  :  turbans 

Shroff  (Hind,  saraf):  a  money- 
changer 

SOKBAYB  (Malayan  sambah-an):  a 
present 

Stillero  :  probably  the  Italian  stillo, 
the  beam  of  a  steelyard 


Tattamy  (Japanese   tatami):  another 
name  for  a  "matt  "  (q.v.) 

Vataw  (Gujarati  vatau) :  discount 
Visitador  General:  Inspector-Gen- 
eral 

:  a  weight  equivalent  to  the  eighth 
of  a  maund  (Madras) 


Wa'.ydash    (Japanese    wakizashi):    a 
short  sword 


INDEX 


Abbas,   Shah  of  Persia.      See  Persia, 

King  of 
Abbott,  Morris,  169,  237 
Abulasan,    or   Abullosan,    137,    called 

Coge  (Khoja),  his  importance,  178, 

179 

Achin,  Acheen  or  Atchin,  and  the 
Aichinders,  127,  business  in,  and 
King's  letter,  147,  King  objects  to 
English  factory  at  Priaman,  165 

Accounts,     want     of    system    in,    83, 

275 

Adams,  William,  3,  5 ,  foreign  offers  to, 
6.  Saris's  opinion  of,  7,  too  fond  of  the 
Dutch,  6,  25,  letter  from  Cocks  to 
him  and  Wickham,  9-10  ;  12,  Cocks's 
opinion  of,  13  ;  18,  19,  and  the  Eng- 
lish flag,  21,  22,  reported  dead,  21, 
23,  27,  and  warned,  26,  27  ;  letters 
from  referred  to,  30  ;  46,  47,  4S,  50, 
letter  from  Cocks,  51-52  ;  53,  62,  67, 
69,  74,  letter  to  Cccks,  75-76  ;  113, 
114,  12S,  140,  196,  made  Captain  of 
the  '  Sea  Adventure,'  for  Siam,  199, 
203,  Cocks's  further  opinion  of,  200, 
206,  desires  to  seek  North-West 
passage,  200,  commission  for  Siam 
age,  204,  matters  connected  with 
this  voyage,  215,  234,  315,  his  help 
to  the  Dutch  in  Japan,  221 ;  222,  223, 
227,  228 

Adgimeare,  Agmier,  etc     See  Ajmir. 


Adrian,  22,  69 

Aganoro,  141 

'Agent,'  the.     See  Aldworth 

Agra,  trade  at,  and  wares,  45,  97,  ioo, 
101  ;  103,  105,  indigo  of,  106,  13S, 
15S,  194,  29S,  Sherley  at,  107,  Lady 
Sherley  leaves,  209,  need  of  a  resident 
at,  108,  131,  132, 133,  136,  137,  13S, 
140,  141,  142,  236.  23s,  243,  247, 
251,  factors  for,  134,  176,  214,  Ed- 
wards appointed  to  the  post,  150, 
155,  169,  172,  176,  iSS,  193,  213, 
214,  244,  247,  24S,  251  ;  170,  177, 
192,  242,  257,  262,  263,  266,  267 

Ague,  52,  54,  139 

Ahmedabad,  97,  105,  factors  appointed 
for,  134,  151,  15S,  169,  the  late 
governor,  iSo,  trade  of,  1S1  ;  1S7, 
[88,  a  good  market,  196;  19S,  203, 
213,  214,  good  climate  and  pleasant 
people,  215  ;  22S,  229,  231,  232,  233, 
size,  238  ;  239,  243,  247,  249,  250, 
251,  252,  253,  254,  259,  269. 
2>3,  2S6,  295,  303,  304,  311 

Ajmir,  9S,  99,  102,  103,  105,  no, 
Sherley  at,  141,  145,  court  at,  143, 
151.  156,  17S,  183,  1S5,  191,  192, 
195,  226,    245,  263,  266,  267,  297, 

305 
Akbar,  his  widow  and  her  ship,  2 1 3 
Albartus  or  Albert  us,  his  trading,  23, 

25,  29 


346 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


Aldeas,  96 

Aldworth,  or  Aldworthe,  Thomas,  of 
Bristol,  cape  merchant  at  Surat ; 
letter  from  Essington  and  Floris  to 
(missing),  19,  letter  in  reply  referred 
to,  42,  answer  to  this  referred  to,  43, 
letter  from  Floris,  59-61,  joint  letter 
to  E.  I.  C,  96-101  ;  98;  letter  to 
Keridge  referred  to,  99  ;  100,  letter 
to  Floris,  101-102,  letters  to  Keridge 
referred  to,  103,  105,  107  ;  referred 
to  as  'the  Agent,'  103,  105,  no; 
106;  Canning's  abuse  of,  ill  ;  130, 
his  report  on  Canning's  behaviour, 
131,  132,  on  the  need  for  a  resident 
at  Agra,  133,  136,  137,  appointed 
agent  for  Surat,  134,  138,  193;  135, 
letter  to  Keridge,  137-139,  letter 
from  Withington,  140,  and  the  Swally 
councils,  150,  and  the  Mogul's  pre- 
sents, 151  ;  152,  and  Steel,  153,  154, 
268,  and  Persian  trade  proposed,  208, 
241,  252,  262  ;  an  error  of  judgment, 
154,  letter  from  Keridge  to  him  and 
Biddulph,  156-159,  his  firmness,  157, 
letter  from  Floris  and  Chauncey, 
164-166,  Downton's  favourable 
opinion  of,  his  business  energy,  169, 
170  ;  178,  179,  181,  183,  joint  letter 
to  E.  I.  C,  193-194,  differs  from 
Best,  194,  195,  signs  council's  re- 
port on  the  proposed  Persian  trade, 
209;  213,  inAhmedabad,  214,  letter 
to  Oxwicke,  21S-219  ;  225,  233,  236, 
and  Mukarrab  Khan,  240  ;  243,  244, 
letter  to  E.  I.  C. ,  247-249,  joint 
letter  to  Oxwicke  and  others,  249- 
250;  251,  253,  257,  258,  259, 
signs  Steel's  commission,  268  ;  letter 
to  Oxwicke  and  others,  2S2,  2S6-287, 
295  ;  letters  to  Keridge  referred  to, 
297,  298,  299 

Aleppo,  cloth  of,  98  ;  103,   105,  154, 
214,  237,  242,  248,  262 

Alexander, ,  master's  mate  of  the 

*  Speedwell,'  285,  made  master  of  the 
'Concord,'  336 

Almain,  an,  100 

Almain  knives,  143 

Amacau.     See  Macao 


Amadar,  Amadavaz,  etc  See  Ahme- 
dabad 

Amami  Oosima,  island,  233,  234 

Ambassador,  English,  to  India.  Set 
Roe,  Sir  Thomas 

Ambassador,  English,  to  Turkey.  See 
Glover,  Sir  Thomas 

Ambassador,  Indian,  to  Persia,  107 

Ambassador,  Persian.  See  Sherley,  Sir 
Robert 

Amboyna,  goods  for,  45  ;  78,  Dutch 
disliked  at,  144  ;  145,  cloves  of,  270, 
and  trade,  272,  273,  306,  straits  of 
and  island,  307,  trade,  314,  315,  318, 
proposed  factory  at,  322,  325,  332, 

335.  336,  339 
Amsterdam,   modelled  animals   from, 

174 
Anchorage  charges  at    Patani,   39,   at 

Pulicat,  84 
Andamans,  the,  115 
Andrapora.     See  Indrapura 
Andrea,  27,  46 

Andreas  or  Zendoque  Dono,  12,  13 
Ankleswar  (Eaclefere),  305 
Anne  of  Denmark,  Queen  of  James  I. 

of  England,  138 
Antheunis,  Lucas,  a  Dutchman  in  the 

E.  I.  C.'s  employ  (Seventh  Voyage), 

his  letters  to  Cocks  referred  to,  68  ; 

69,     113,     114,    115,    125,    206,  his 

advice   to   be  relied  on,   206,  208 ; 

293 

Arabia,  146,  language  of,  required  in 
the  Persian  Gulf,  171,  its  coast,  177 

Arabs  trading  in  the  Red  Sea,  275 

Arakan,  ship  of,  61 

Arima,  47 

Armenians,  in  India,  106 

Armous.     See  Ormus 

Arras  cloth,  173,  and  substitutes,  174 

Arthington,  Thomas,  purser,  184,  ab- 
stract of  his  letter  to  E.  I.  C,  194 

Articles  for  (ships)  keeping  company, 
23-24 

Asaph  or  Aseph  Chan,  brother-in-law 
to  the  Mogul,  137,  142,  156,  157,  his 
advice,  178,  179 

Aspinall,  Edmund,  left  at  Surat,  24 

Assurance  Office,  the,  in  London,  265 


INDEX 


347 


Atkinson,  William,  clerk  to  the  Mus- 
covy Company,  265 

Attmachan,  61 

Augustine,  142 

Aurancaya.     See  Orancaya 

Ava  king  of  Pegu,  the,  82 

Avenia,  an,  318 

Azevedo,  Don  Jeronimo  de.  See  Vice- 
roy of  Goa 


Bachan,  Dutch  fort  at,  1 

Badmedg,  Philip,  his  voyages,  34 

Bagnagar.     See  Bisnagar 

Bahrein  (Bareyne  and  Barreen),  99,  its 
pearl  fishery,  146 

Baker,  Captain,  265 

Baker,  Richard,  abstract  of  his  letter 
to  E.  I.  C,  183-184 

Balasses,  301 

Ball,  Baily,  factor,  130,  at  Surat,  etc., 
134;  220,  226,  231,  joint  letter  to 
him  and  others  from  Edwards,  244- 
250,  andMukarrab  Khan,  257,  258  ; 
281,  282,  283,  284,  286,  287,  296, 

304,  30S.  312 

Ball,  George,  (of  the  Eighth  Voyage), 
at  Bantam,  38,  119,  joint  letter  to 
E.  I.  C,  144-145,  opinion  as  to 
Cobb,  1 60-1 61,  a  bad  correspondent, 
204,  chief  factor  in  the  '  Concord ' 
for  Macassar,  270,  signs  letter  to 
E.I.C.,  279,  signs  report  on  Cobb, 
285;  294,  memorandum  for  Macassar 
voyage  addressed  to,  by  Jourdam, 
306-311;  310,  314,  to  go  to  Am- 
boyna,  315  ;  322,  336,  letter  from 
Jourdain,  339-341 

Balsora,  146 

Bamond,  232,  295 

Banda  and  the  Bandanese  (see  also  Pulo 
Ai),  prefer  English  to  Dutch,  33,35, 
36,  54,  Dutch  and  English  trade  with, 
77,  78,  wars  with  the  Dutch,  80,  270, 
272,  273 ;  322,  sailing  times  for, 
307,  proposed  factory  at,  308,  315, 
318,  322,  335,  339,  340 

Bandar  Abbas,  port  in  Persia,  (called 
Damone),  146 


Bangkok,  (called  Bancope) ,  English  at, 

well  received,  112,  113 
Banka,  Straits  of  (called  also  Palamban 

or  Pelamban),  112,  122,  312 
Banksall  or  Custom-house,  84 
Bantam,  a  great  entrepot  for  trade,  1, 
7,  14,  risk  of  fire  in,  15  ;  unhealthi- 
ness  of,  16,  31,  201,  265,  326,  328, 
338 ;  33.  34.  35.  37.  39,  40,  41,  42, 
43,  44,  45.  46,  49,  54,  55,  Pay  of, 
56 ;  57,  dissensions  among  factors, 
60  ;  64,  66,  77,  79,  80,  81,  82,  86, 
87,  89,  90,  91,  92,  99,  102,  112,  115, 
116,  118,  119,  ship  for,  120;  121, 
122,  124,  Marlowe's  conduct  at,  124, 
125,  126  ;  127,  128,  144,  147,  coun- 
cil held  at,  on  Cobb's  behaviour,  1 59- 
163;  160,  161,  162,  163,  164,  Dutch 
ship  at,  and  her  news,  165  ;  166, 
factors  at,  bad  correspondents,  166  ; 
172,  182,  188,  190,  193,  196,  202, 
203,  206,  217,  221,  247,  249,  254, 
268,  269,  270,  pepper  of,  271  ;  272, 
273,  private  trade  at,  274,  275, 
factory  buildings  at,  276,  338  ;  com- 
modities for,  278  ;  280,  report  of  the 
court  held  at,  on  Cobb,  284,  2S5, 
287,  referred  to,  294  ;  290,  292,  293, 
302,  308,  sailing  time  for,  309 ; 
311,  312,  313,  314,  317,  318,  319, 
320,  321,  322,  323,  324,  327,  331, 
332,  333.  334.  335.  336,  337,  338, 
340 
•Bantam,'  the,  a  ship,  112 
Banyans,  position  of,  in  India,  261 
Barbary,  Coast  of,  the  fleet  in  danger 

on,  183,  185,  192  ;  goods  for,  259 
Barker,  Thomas,  a  factor  for  Surat,  134 
Baroche  or  Barroch.     See  Broach 
Baroda,  factors  for,  134;  213,  gumlac 
of,  214;  215,   228,  231,  232,  goods 
of,  238,  259 
Baros,  322 
Barret's  choice  of  unfit  men  for  the 

fleet,  184 
Barsall.     See  Bulsar 
Barwick,  Thomas,  master  of  the  '  Pep- 
percorn,'   transferred  to  the  'Lion* 
for  quarrelsomeness,   184,   191,  192, 
194 


34§ 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


Bassein  besieged  by  the  Mogul,  150, 
168 

Bastian,  27 

Batan.     See  Bostanah 

Batten, ,  master's  mate,  a  useless 

man,  190 

Battye,  Richard,  a  factor  for  Ahmeda- 
bad,  134,  214 

Baylie,  John,  in  charge  at  Bantam,  122, 
277,  signs  letter  to  E.  I.  C,  279, 
and  report  of  court  at  Bantam,  285, 
cape  merchant  of  the  'Thomasinc,' 
328,  332,  338,  340 

Beage,  the,  of  Broach,  282 

Bednall.     See  Midnall 

Bell,  Robert,  his  consignment  and  its 
marks,  245 

Bengala,  or  Bengal,  cloth  of,  59,  117, 
vermilion  of,  181 

Bengal,  Gulf  of,  116 

Bennet,  Richard,  90 

Bennett  (or  Benet),  Walter,  in  charge 
of  the  'Concord,'  269,  master's  mate 
of  the  'James',  285,  316 

Berghen  (or  Burchen),  Warner  Van, 
Captain  and  Rector  of  all  the  Dutch 
factories  on  the  Coast,  called  Captain 
Drinkwater,  43,  83 

Berhanpur,  60,  61,  102,  142,  259 

Berkeley,  George,  190 

Best,  Captain  Thomas,  of  the  Tenth 
Voyage,  ship  'Dragon,'  15,  41,  42, 
his  diplomacy,  50  ;  77,  moneys  spent 
for,  101,  102  ;  103,  no,  refuses  to 
take  home  Johnson,  121,  accusations 
against,  137  ;  defeats  the  Portuguese, 
155,  168  ;  differs  with  Marlowe,  171  ; 
his  compact  with  Indian  governors 
set  aside,  180,  181,  182,  differs  with 
Aldworth,  194,  249,  at  Saldania,  212  ; 
226,  gone  home,  255,  letters  from, 
referred  to,  286  ;  287,  his  orders,  289  j 

324»  330,  334 
Biana,  cottons  of,  132,  indigo  of,  238 
Biddulph,  William,  factor  of  the  Tenth 
Voyage,  joint  letter  to  E.  I. C, 96-101 ; 
130,  appointed  factor  for  Surat,  etc., 
134,  in  consultation  on  resident  for 
Agra,  136,  137,  letter  from  Keridge 
to  him  and  Aldworth,  156-159,  ab- 


stract of  letter  to  E.  I.  C,  187,  joint 
letter  to  E.I.C.,  193-194  ;  208,  213, 
memorandum  respecting  goods,  from 
Oxwickc,  224;  226,  251,  at  Swally, 

257 
Bijapur,  43 

Bintang,  (called  Bintam),  122 
BUnagar,  60,  61 
Blitheman,  Edward,  assistant  merchant 

of    the    '  Thomasine '    (Third    Joint 

Stock  Voyage),  letter  to  Sir  Thomas 

Smith,  328-333 
Boeroe,  33,  78 
Boeton,  33,35,  36,  54,  78 
Bojador,  Cape,  183 
Bon  Esperanza  and  variants.     See  Good 

I  lope,  Cape  of 
Bonner,  Thomas,  made  master  of  the 

•  Expedition  '  (Twelfth  Voyage),  185, 

191,  192,  194 
Borneo,  products  of,  94,  coast  chart  of, 

95  ;  127,  trade  with,  278 
Borreo  or  Burrowe.     See  Boeroe 
Bostanah  (called  Batan),  port,  146 
Boyle,  Samuel,  his  opinion  on  Cobb's 

conduct,  163  ;  is  left  at  Bantam,  277, 

signs  letter  to  E.I.  C,  279,  and  report 

of   the  court  at  Bantam,  285,  letter 

to  E.  I.C.,  321-323 
Brahman,  a,  Governor  of  Masulipatam, 

84,  294 
BramporL     See  Berhanpur 
Brazil,  329,  333 
Brazilwood,  5 
Bream,  a  huge  catch  of,  184 

Breams,  ,  56 

Brett,   Thomas,    his  voyages,  34,   and 

accounts,  121,  122 
Brighurst,    Henry,   of   the    'Hector* 

(first  recorded  Joint  Stock  Voyage), 

his  scandalous  talk,  245 
Brinzee,  Nahuda,  his  (missing)  report 

on  Sind,  172 
Bristol,  169,  209,  242 
Broach,  goods  of,   59,   100,   203,  213, 

238,   259  ;    102,   a   factor  for,    134, 

burnt  by  the  Portuguese,   155,  264; 

218,  219,  224,   225,  229,  231,  232, 

233,  241,  249,  253,  260,  2S1,   283, 

286,   295,  296,  303,   304,  305,  311 


INDEX 


349 


Brockedon,  Robert,  63 

Brockedon,  Thomas,  once  purser  of 
the  'James,'  a  factor  of  the  Ninth 
Voyage,  now  of  the  'Darling'  (Sixth 
Voyage),  joint  letter  to  Jourdain  and 
Cobb,  44-45,  another,  49,  letter  to 
E.  I.  C. ,  63-65  ;  82,  83  ;  at  Petapoli 
84,  goes  to  Siarn,  123,  signs  list  of 
writings  sent  to  E.  I.  C.  by  Nicholls, 
147,  again  at  Petapoli,  293 

Brodera  or  Brothera.     See  Baroda 

Brower, ,  a  Dutch   Captain,    his 

trading,  19,  22,  29,  48,  52,  53,  69 

Brower,  Cornelius,  the  glazier,  brother 
of  the  above,  19,  22,  slain,  69 

Browne,  John,  a  factor  for  Agra,  134, 
214,  241 

Bulgoryn,  Andrea,  139 

Bulsar  [called  Barsall),  296 

Bunder  Larree.     See  Lahori  Bandar 

Burnea.     See  Borneo 

Burrell,  [William],  blamed  for  the  bad 
condition  of  the  '  Dragon,'  190 

Butt,  Esay,  factor  for  Broach,  134,  226, 
231,  283 

Butt,  General  de,  121 

Buttowne.     See  Boeton 

Byana.     See  Biana 


Cacadana.     See  Sukadana 

Caffro,    a  runaway,    and  others,   227, 

228 
Cambaya,  Governor  of.     See  Mukarrab 

Khan 
Cambaya,  cloth  and  goods  of,  2,  5,  II, 

22,     183,    I97,    20O,    203,    207,    213, 

214,    221,    231,    238,    241,    259,  304, 

3°5>  3ii»  323  ;  io4»  banyans  of,  155 

Cambello,  English  preferred  at,  45,  an 
open  port,  273,  307,  336 

Cambodia  (Camboj a),  39,  67,  S2,  point 
of,  114  ;  124,  205 

Camden,  Edmund,  of  the  Eighth  Voy- 
age, letter  from  E.I.C.,  referred  to, 
278 

Campayo,  Francisco,  a  Spaniard,  his 
conduct,  34,  35,  sent  away,  46;  55 

Canary  Isles,  255,  333 

Can-Canna,  the,  263 


Candarin.     See  Coins 

Candy.     See  Weights 

Canning,  Paul,  of  the  Tenth  Voyage, 
resident  at  Agra,  letter  quoted,  97, 
136,  244,  his  death,  100,  103,  131, 
150,  214,  236,  251  ;  his  accounts, 
101,  103,  and  want  of  success,  103, 
reasons  of,  103,  133,  138,  his  slanders 
on  Keridge,  1 10,  and  bad  conduct  to 
Aldworth,  m  ;  123;  enquiry  into 
his  doings  at  Agra,  130,  131,  and 
expenses,  132,  referred  to,  150,  his 
effects,  156,  1S1,  part  sent  home,  194, 
299,  and  Mukarrab  Khan,  1 79  ;  257 

Cape  Esperance.  See  Good  Hope, 
Cape  of 

Capliila  or  Cavidall,  a  caravan,  105, 
181 

Captains  of  E.I.C.,  their  large  autho- 
rity, its  drawbacks,  7,  65,  especially 
ashore,  82,  83,  118,  124,  126;  174- 
176,  184,  arrogance  of,  192,  2S9,  302, 
310,  311,  313 

Cardler,  ,  of  the  Assurance  Com- 
pany, 265 

Carter,  Robert,  his  will  sent  home,  147 

Carwarden,  Walter,  of  the  Eighth  Voy- 
age, his  skill  in  precious  metals,  5  ; 
8,  9,  18,  19,  lost  in  Cochin  China,  68, 

69,  74,  75,  76,  197,  198 

Cash.     See  Coins 

Catty.     See  Weights 

Cent  per  Cent,  the  desired  profit,  3,  26 

Ceram  [called  Ceran  and  Seran),  an 
open  port,  273,  cloves  of,  307 

Cerques  or  Cirques.     See  Sarkhej 

Cestros,  De  Sestos,  Sestros,  river.  See 
Sestos 

Ceylon,  goods  of,  316 

Charles  I.  becomes  Prince  of  Wales, 
165 

Charles  Emanuel  the  Great  See  Savoy, 
Duke  of 

Chaule,  or  Chaull,  besieged  by  the 
Mogul,  150,  16S,  239,  257 

Chauncey,  George,  of  the  Ninth  Voy- 
age, joint  letter  to  Jourdain,  from 
Masulipatam,  41-43,  his  monthly  re- 
port, 41,  at  Petapoli,  S4,  at  Bantam, 
112,   117,  joint  letter  to  Aldworth, 


35° 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


164-166,  signs  report  of  court  held 
at   Bantam,   2S5,   letters  t..  I      1 
292-295,  302,  and  the  voyage  of  the 
'Concord,*   306,    310,   at    Macassar, 

314 

Chess  ('playing')  tables,  2.16 

China,  commodities  of,  (**  Nanking), 
5,  16,  32,  41,  67,  77,  80,  86,  111, 
paper,  129,  130;  201,  202,  205. 
27r>.  315.  3«&.  335.  336,  Dutch 
dealings  with,  15,  199,  277,  early 
efforts  to  secure  trade  by  EL  L  C, 
199,  202,  proposed  factory,  323  ; 
201,  209,  221,  334 

China,  Emperor  of,  199,  Japanese  at- 
tempt 00  nil  life,  212,  intention  to 
banish  Christians,  202,  who  arrive 
from  Japan,  221 

Chinese' in  Bantam,  II&  27S,  31: 
3'9.  337.  339.  *t  Got,  43.  ■«  J«**- 

tra,    120,    at    Macassar,    32,    35,    at 

Nangasaki,    70,    at    l'atani,    5,    8l, 

112,  277,  elsewhere,  235 
Chinese  h  •:  ■  235 

Chinese  junks,  Si,  robbed  by  the  Dutch, 

199 
Chinesa  Captain,  the,  and  his  new  wife, 

1    .  20 
Chirkes.     Stt  Sarkhej 
Chongro,  his  junk,  19,  21,  68 
Chop  or  Firman  of  Mukarrab  Khan, 

Chorome,  Sultan.     Sit  Khurram 

Christendom,  199,  266 

Christian,  Captain  Edward,  of  the 
•Osiander'  (Tenth  Voyage),  Si,  118, 
119,  at  Bantam,  124;  125,  signs  re- 
port of  court  at  Bantam,  2S5,  294; 
2S7,  takes  NichohV  day-book. 
2S9  ;  his  alleged  misdeeds,  290,  291, 
292  ;  324,  325,  326,  discovers  trade 
at  Cota  Tinga,  33S,  goes  home  with- 
out Cobb,  34 1 

Christianity,  proscribed  in  Japan,   19, 

21,  22,  20I,  221  ;   256 
Christians     (sa     Jesuits,     Japan    and 

China)  in  India,  299,  in  Macassar, 

33.  55»  in  Persia,  general  letter  to, 

266 
Christmas,  102 


Churls,  156,  103,  238,  260,  263,  305 
Citra  Andaman  (notably  Little  Anda- 
man), 1 15 
I  ,  John,  57 

.    hip  of  the  Eighth  V< 
1 1.  65,  91,  1  •■.  1  o,  -'-m,  855, 

3'3 

Cobb,  Richard,  of  the  'James'  (Tenth 
■ge),  left  in  bantam  ;  joint 
from    (Journey    and     others    to    him 
and   Jourdain,   44    }^;  Bl,   <)>>,    Il8, 
opinion  of  other  fad  rning 

his   ill-l>ehaviour,   159- 163,    ret 

-71-    275>  h'lin5  report  on 
the  ships,  2S5,   Jourdain's  views  in 
letter  to  E.    I.  C,    3 1 7,  31S  ;  he   re- 
mains at  Hantam,  311 
Cochi,  in  Eirando,  216,  217,  222,  223, 

230,  233 
Cochin  China,    trade  with  Japan,    17, 

tion  to,  6S,   74,  Adams'   account  of 
it.  75.  76  ;  other  references  to,  197, 
204,  205,  315 
Cochin  China,  the  king  of,  68,  197 

Cockroach'    .  •:    done    by,    57, 

I30 

'  .  Richard,  of  the  Eighth  Voyage, 

captain  or  cape  merchant  in  Japan, 
memorandum  left  with,  by  Saris,  4-9, 
letter  to  Adams  and  Wickham,  9-IO, 
letter  to  Adams  alone,  51-52,  to 
Denton,  202-20;,  to  E.  I.  <;.,  196- 
202,  letters  to  Wickham,  10-13,  l7~ 
18,  18-19,  21-22,  22-23,  26-27,  4°~ 
47.  53~54»  67-69,  70-71,  memoran- 
dum concerning  the  'Sea  Adventure,' 
204-20S,  further  letters,  215-216, 
216,  217,  222,  223,  223-224,  227, 
227-22S,  230  ;  letter  to  the  Mer- 
chant Adventurers  of  England,  220- 
222  ;  letter  from  Eaton,  139  140,143; 
letter  from  Wickham  on  the  voyage 
of  the  'Sea  Adventure,'  233-235; 
letters  from,  referred  to,  25,  26,  30, 
31,  48,  quoted  on  the  fire  at  the  fac- 
tory, 51,  his  illness,  52,  54,  letter 
from  Eaton  referred,  62,  letter  to 
Eaton  referred  to,  63,  and  the  fowl- 
ing pieces,   71,  letter   to  Wickham 


INDEX 


35« 


referred  to,  73 ;  74,  75,  76,  9A  3". 
letters  from,  referred  to,  315 
Coins  :  Candarin  or  Condrin,  76,  equi- 
valent in  English  money,  198  ;  337  ; 
Cash,  294;  Copang,  123,  129;  Dol- 
lars (see  also  rials),   105,  288,  289, 
301 ;  Ducats,  12S;  English  sixpences 
and  shillings,  167,  212,  255;  Flemish 
shillings,  164;  Gens  (Japanese  coins), 
76;  Larins,  146;  Mace  or  Mass,  3,  6, 
7,  10,  20,  English  equivalent,   198 ; 
etc.    Madins,  58.    Mamoodies,   158, 
193,    218,    219,  passim;   Pagodas, 
equivalent  in  English  money,  59,  in 
rials,  61,  85,  86;  passim;  Pice,  or 
Pisas,  or  Picas,  152,  232,  250;  Rial 
of  Eight  (see  also  dollars),  6,  7,  14, 
equivalent  in  taels,  44  ;  54,  58,  68, 
152,  passim;    Rials,     false,     197  ; 
Rials,  gold,  37  ;  Rupees,   107,  142, 
152,  181,  193,  equivalent  in  rials  of 
eight,  214  ;  old  and  new,  214,  equiva- 
lent in  pice,    249 ;    etc.    Taels  or 
Taies,  9,  11,  20,  22,  equivalent  in 
rials,   44 ;    123,    202,   equivalent  in 
English  money,  203  ;  passim 
Coja  Jehan.     See  Khoja  Jehan 
Coja  Nazam.     See  Khoja  Nazan 
Cokayne,    George,    letter  to  Jourdain 
[    from  Macassar,  31-35  ;  to  him  and 
others  from  the  same  place,  45-46  ; 
36,  37.  38,  54,  55»  77,  goes  to  Ma- 
cassar, 78,  79,  and  stays  there,  272, 
314,  315  ;  referred  to  in  the  remem- 
brance for  Ball,  306,  307,  308,  309, 
310,  315  ;  340 
Commission  given  to  Steel  and  Crou- 
ther  for  Persian  trade  on  behalf  of 
E.  I.  C,  266-268 
Comoro,  167 

«  Concord,'  ship  of  E.  I.  C,  144,  148, 
268,  270,  271,  272,  277,  279,  284, 
285,  292,  294,  302,  314,  315,  316, 
318,  321,  322,  330,  332,  335,  336, 

338,  339 

Condemned  men  (transported  crimi- 
nals), set  ashore  at  the  Cape,  191, 
192,  194 

Cooper,  Ralph,  left  at  Patani,  115 

Copang.     See  Coins 


Coppindall,  Ralph,  assistant  merchant 
of  the  '  Osiander  '  (Tenth  Voyage), 

327,  332 

Coral,  100 

Coree  (Coria  or  Cory),  his  defection, 
148,  167,  habits,  184;  255,  330 

Corge.     See  Weights  and  Measures 

Coromandel,  the  Coast  of  (often  called 
'the  Coast'),  goods  and  trade  etc., 
16,  31,  32,  34,  49,  64,  65,  78,  86, 
94,  115,  Il6,  Il8,  II9,  121,  122, 
123,  124,  127,  131,  trade  hampered 
by  Dutch  underselling,  269  ;  273, 
274,  278,  293,  308,  323,  iron  of, 
326  ;  335,  336,  337,  340 

Coss,  measure  of  length,  153,  equiva- 
lent in  leagues,  177 

Cota  Tinga.     See  Kota  Tengah 

Cotton,  Ferdinand,  deceased,  320 

Cotton,  John,  deceased,  320 

Courses.     See  Coss 

Courses  sailed,  see  letters  from  Blithe- 
man,  Boyle,  Millward,  and  Rowe 

Courthope,  Nathaniel,  once  purser  of 
the  '  Trades  Increase '  (Sixth  Voy- 
age) and  of  the  '  James '  (Ninth 
Voyage),  joint  letter  to  Cozucke, 
28-29,  at  Sukadana,  38,  79,  94,  309, 
letter  to  Jourdain,  57-58 

Covad.     See  Weights  and  Measures 

Cowl  for  Masulipatam,  cost  of,  17, 
for  Petapoli,  293  ;  of  the  King  of 
Pulicat,  83 

Coyan.     See  Weights  and  Measures 

Cozucke,  Sophony,  a  Russian  in  E.  I.  C. 's 
service,  instructions  for  mission  to 
Landak,  28-29  ;  34,  37,  sent  to  Lan- 
dak,  57,  58,  66,  92,  his  qualifications, 
272  ;  proposal  to  establish  him  at 
Banda,  307,  308,  confirmed,  314,  and 
carried  out,  315,  336,  340 

Cradle,  William,  master  of  the  •  Expe- 
dition,' transferred  to  the  'Dragon,' 
184,  186,  191,  192,  194,  his  honesty 
in  question,  190 
Crawly,   John,  master's   mate  (of  the 

Eighth  Voyage),  drowned,  3 
Crispe,  Nicholas,  249 
Crofte,  Ralph,  purser  of  the  '  Osiander ' 
(Tenth  Voyage),  290 


35* 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


Cross  on  the  English  flag  objected  to 
in  Japan,  21,  52 

Crowther,  or  Crouther,  John,  ap- 
pointed a  factor  for  Agra,  134,  de- 
tailed for  Persia,  153,  209,  213,  237, 
letter  to  E.I.C.,  239-242  ;  248,  252, 
his  joint  commission  with  Steel  for 
Persia,  266-268 

Cumberland,  130 

Currents   and   shoals,    1 12,    1 1 6,    122, 

327,  33L  333.  334 

Curtis,  mate  of  the  'Lion,'  transferred 
to  the  'Peppercorn,'  192,  194 

Customs  (see  Anchorage,  Banksall, 
and  Sombaye,)  at  Bantam,  14,  at 
Jacatra,  276,  at  Masulipatam,  84, 
86,  87,  89,  294,  at  Patani,  44,  79, 
112,  123,  129,  in  Persia,  only  on  ex- 
ports, 147,  at  Surat,  219,  224,  225, 
250,  258,  notes  on,  304,  Cobb's  con- 
tention concerning,  318 

Dabul,  149,   168,   191,  212,  256,  278 
Dache  (customs  in  Persia),  147 
Daie,  John,  his  bad  conduct,  55 
Daman  besieged  by  the  Mogul,  96,  150, 
168,  offered  as  a  bribe  to  the  Dutch, 
171  ;  186,  213,  239,  240,  257,  258 
Damian,  223,  227,  228 
Damone.     See  Bandar  Abbas 
Danda  Rajpur  (called  Gingeere  Rash- 

poorie),  149 
Darby,  John,  32,  46,  56 
«  Darling,'  ship  of  E.  I.  C.  (Sixth  Voy- 
age),  14,  16,  28,  37,  38,  44,  55,  56, 
60,  65,  79,  82,  87,  91,  94,  95,  103, 

Il8,    121,    122,    123,    I24,    145,    166, 
201,   204,    271,    272,   313,    315,    33I, 

335 
David,  Cassarian,  38,  58,  79,  278 
Davis,   John,  master  of  the  '  James  ' 
(Ninth  Voyage),  89,  report  on  San- 
gora,    94,    complaints    as    to    First 
Voyage,  125, his  drinking  habits,  280, 
signs  report  on  ships  at  Bantam,  285 
Davis,  John,  a  native  of  Guinea,  329 
Dead   men's  money   and    effects    (see 
Canning  and  Midnall),   15,  37,  39, 
90,  103,  105,  181,  184,  185,  192,  194 
Deal,  320 


Debasas,  Cape,  333 

Deccan,  and  the  Deccanis,  enemies  of 
the  Portuguese, 97,  besiege  Chaul  and 
other  places,  168,  257,  King  of,  in 
alliance  with  the  Mogul,  213,  239 

De  Cestus.     See  Sestos  river 

Delisha  road,  167,  212,  251 

Denmark  and  Sweden  united,  165 

Dennis,  master's  mate  of  the  '  Darling,' 
65,  126 

Dennys,  Samuel,  deceased,  34 

Denton,  Adam,  of  the  Sixth  and  Ninth 
Voyages,  joint  letter  to  Jourdaiu, 
44-45,  another  to  the  same,  49,  sent 
to  Siam,  44,  at  Patani,  82,  invoice  of 
goods  left  with,  88,  letter  to  E.  I.  C, 
112-130;  123,  letter  from  Cocks, 
202-204,  forwarding  instructions, 
206,  joins  the  'James,'  293 

Denton,  Thomas,  of  Warne  Hall, 
Cumberland,  130 

Dergoes,  a  Dutch  ship,  41,  42,  43 

Devonshire  kerseys,  used  in  India  for 
garments,  180;  300 

Diamonds,  Indian,  37,  40,  61,  66,  123, 
278,  309  ;  from  Landak,  92,  93,  94  ; 
other  places,  316,  336 

Dickanes.     See  Deccan 

Dieackes  or  Dyockes.     See  Dyaks 

Diseases  :  ague,  52,  54,  139  ;  fever, 
240,  289  ;  flux,  89,  103,  240,  252, 
292  ;  flux,  bloody,  156,  265  ;  God's 
visitation  of  sickness,  78  ;  and  see 
167,  288 

Diu,  168 

Dodsworth,  Edward,  of  the  Eighth 
Voyage,  purser  of  the  '  Hector,'  signs 
consultations  regarding  appointment 
of  a  resident  at  Agra,  133,  137,  and 
of  his  own  and  others'  appointments 
as  factors,  134,  of  list  of  goods  for 
England,  135;  139,  158,  176,  ab- 
stract of  letter  to  E.  I.  C,  188-189  ; 
191,  signs  memorandum  on  Persiau 
trade,  209,  appointed  factor  for 
Ahmedabad,  214 ;  225,  239,  247, 
joint  letter  to  Oxwicke  and  others, 
240-250,  letter  to  E.  I.  C,  250-253  ; 
253,  259,  signs  commission  to  Steel 
and  Crouther,  268 


IATDEX 


353 


Dogs  for  India,  152,  173,  174 

Dollars.     See  Coins 

Dono,  a  Japanese  honorific.    Cf.  Oyen 
Dono 

Dover  roads,  167 

Downs,  the,  255 

Downton,  Captain  Nicholas,  formerly 
of  the  Sixth  Voyage,  now  of  the  first 
recorded  Joint  Stock  Voyage,  in- 
structions to  ships  for  keeping  com- 
pany at  sea,  23-25,  signs  consulta- 
tions at  Surat,  132,  133,  134,  135  ; 
his  fame  and  repute,  139  ;  148,  149, 
156,  158,  letters  to  E.  I.  C,  167-177, 
postscript  to,  177,  memorandum  of 
things  desired  for  the  Mogul,  173- 
174,  letter  to  Sir  T.  Smith,  174-177  ; 
letter  from  Keridge,  178-182,  ab- 
stract of,  192,  alluded  to,  195  ;  letter 
to  Steel,  182,  commendation  of 
Young,  183,  abstract  of  letter  reprov- 
ing Edwards,  185  ;  signs  consultation 
on  Persian  trade,  20S-209  ;  letter  to 
Sherley  on  this  subject,  209-211  ; 
at  Surat,  213  ;  226,  229,  239,  240, 
242,  at  Swally,  247,  248,  296 ;  250, 
257,  258,  262,  at  Surat,  297,  defeats 
the  Portuguese  off  Swally,  302,  303, 
304,  letters  of,  referred  to,  305  ;  323, 
325,  326,  328,  his  letters  left  at  the 
Cape  of  Good  Hope,  330,  334  ;  335, 

340 

Doy  Island.     See  Pulo  Doei 

'  Dragon  '  ship  of  E.  I.  C.  (Third  and 
Tenth  Voyages),  147,  148,  184,  185, 
190,  192,  194,  196,  255,  277,  279, 
289,  292,  300 

Drinkwater.  See  Berghen,  Warner  Van 

Driver,  Thomas,  at  Kiang-mai,  118 

Droit,  George,  a  Portuguese,  18,  21, 
22,  23,  25,  29,  47,71,  72 

Ducats.     See  Coins 

Duncan  passage,  116 

Dutch  (see  Adams,  Antheunis,  Berghen, 
Brower,  Butt,  Essington,  Floris, 
Hautman,  Sandford,  Speck,  Tuning, 
etc.),  at  Bachan,  1  ;  at  Banda,  wars 
with  natives,  36,  55,  77,  270,  315, 
322  ;  in  Bangkok,  113,  at  Bantam, 
enemies  of  English  trade,  15,  16, 
Y  1268. 


49,  their  General  arrives,  86;  118, 
120,  276,  short  of  money,  337,  340  : 
at  Cambello,  Ilitto,  Lugho,  etc. ,  273, 
3°7»  336,  on  the  Coast  of  Coroman- 
del,  64  ;  in  Cochin  China,  197-198, 
in  India,  at  Masulipatam,  43,   rent 
paid  by,  86  ;  154,  294,  at  Narsapur, 
116,     at     Sukadana,    37,    66,    are 
promised  Daman  as  a  bribe,  171,  on 
the  coast  of  India,  264,  at  Jacatra, 
39,  276,  in  Japan,  3,  4,   7,  10,  11, 
12,  22,  31,  50,  51,  62,  68,  71,  75, 
76,  their  building  at  Firando,  200, 
201,  ships  in,  223,  224,  in  Java,  49, 
at  Lambasson,   56,  77,  at  Longoe, 
45,  Lugho,  etc.,  272,  273,  307,  322, 
336,  at  Macassar,  33,  34,  35,  46,  at 
Makjan,   2,  at   Manilla,  78,  in  the 
Moluccas,  1,   2,   68,  71,  76,  77,  So  ; 
at  Patani,    71,   75,   76,   80,  interest 
paid  by,  87;    112,   113,   114,    123, 
128,  buy  up  all  goods,  271,  at  Peta- 
poli,  85,  in  the  Philippines,  68,  at 
Pulicat,   83,  84,  at  Sambas,   66,   at 
Sangora,   39  ;    125,   126,   129,  144, 
145,  Adams'  undue  friendship   for, 
6,  25,    '  castles  '  to  be  avoided,  340, 
Chinese  view  of,  277,  cloth  packed 
in  lead,  3,  superior  to  English,  3,  7, 
delinquencies  in  Cochin  China  and 
results,  197,  eager  for  Persian  trade, 
99,  enemies  of  the  Portuguese,    97, 
proposals    for    a    *  modus   vivendi ' 
with  the  English  E.  I.  C. ,  86,    ob- 
jected to,  125,  144,  factors  in  English 
employ  (see  Antheunis,    Floris   and 
Tuning)  objected  to,  69,  flag,  the,  in 
Japan,  21,  22,  letter,  a,  158,  mails  to 
Japan,  311,  the  General  of,  his  ships 
145,  then  news,  165,  their  immense 
trade,  145,  and  others  massacred  in 
Cochin  China,  68,  74,   75,  76,  197, 
198,  to  be  kept  out  of  Persia,  261, 
robberies   of    Chinese  junks,     199, 
ships  (see  'Dergoes,'  'Greyhound,' 
'  Old  Zealand,'  '  Red  Lion  with  the 
Pile,'    'Rotterdam,'   '  Seilan '    and 
'Zelandea'),  14,  60,  115,  116,  319, 
327,  328,  329,  330,  331,  332,  333, 
334,  a  yacht,  121,  expected,  127,  223, 
A  A 


354 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


224,  271,  and  Spaniards,  their  wars 
in  the  Moluccas,  166,  superior  sea- 
manship of,  64,  use  of  brokers,  69, 
underselling,  144,  164,  198,  203, 
269,  271,  these  tactics  to  be  adopted 
by  the  English,  308  ;  their  keenness, 

323 ;  309.  3'6 

Duzak  Skidoyemon  Dono,  47,  51,  53 
Dyaks,  57,  their  head-hunting,  92,  93 


East  India  Company,  advice  humbly 
proffered  to,  261,  263,  265,  and  the 
appointment  of  a  resident  at  Agra, 
(see  Canning  a nd  Edwards),  131,  132, 
»33»  136,  137.  138,  139;  business 
principles  of,  5,  6,  7,  8,  69 ;  and 
Campayo,  34,  35  ;  captains'  au- 
thority, merchants'  view,  65,  S2,  83, 
118,  124,  192,  289,  302,  310,  311, 
312,  313,  captains'  view,  7,  174-176, 
184  ;  and  the  proposed  arrangement 
with  the  Dutch  East  India  Company, 
86,  125,  144,  a  good  'husband' 
wanted,  265,  letter  from  Aldworth 
and  Biddulph,  96-101,  from  Aid- 
worth  to  Floris,  sent  by  Floris,  101- 
102,  from  Aldworth  247-249  ;  from 
Blitheman  (to  Sir  T.  Smith),  328- 
333  ;  from  Brockedon  (to  Sir  T. 
Smith),  63-65  ;  copies  of  Canning's 
letters  referred  to,  1 36  ;  letters  from 
Chauncey,  292-295,  302  ;  letter  from 
Crouther,  239-242  ;  letter  from 
Cocks  on  the  Cochin  China  disaster 
&c,  196-202  ;  from  Denton  on  the 
Siam  expedition,  1 12-130  ;  letters 
from  Downton  on  the  voyage  of  the 
'New  Year's  Gift'  and  Indian  busi- 
ness, 167-174,  on  Indian  business, 
174-177  ;  from  Edwards,  on  Indian 
business,  148-156,  245-246;  from 
Farie,  77-80  ;  statement  by  Floris 
per  merchants  of  the  'James,'  17; 
letter  from  Gourney,  80-87,  88-91  ; 
from  Herode,  91-95  ;  letters  from 
Jourdain,  14-16,  312-319  ;  letter 
(partly  in  cipher)  from  Jourdain  and 
Ball  on  the  Dutch  trade  in  the  Indies, 
144-145  ;   letter  from  Jourdain  and 


others  on  the  'Concord,'  268-280; 
from  Keridge,  on  Indian  business, 
103-109,  no-Ill,  297,  301  ;  from 
David  Middleton,  321-323  ;  from 
Millward,  324-326 ;  from  Mitford, 
236-238 ;  from  Nicholls  on  affairs 
at  Tecoo,  287-292  ;  from  Peacock, 
1-4  ;  from  Preston,  254-265  ;  from 
Rowe,  333-335  ;  from  Sandcroftc  on 
Indian  affairs,  212-214,  214-215  ; 
from  Westby,  335-339  ;  from  Yates 
(to  the  Deputy  Governor),  319-320  ; 
collections  from  letters  from  Surat 
and  Bantam  per  '  Hope,'  182-194 

East  India  Company's  Ships  and  Junks 
(see  '  Clove,'  'Concord,'  'Darling,' 
'  Dragon  '  (properly  '  Red  Dragon '), 
'  Expedition,'  '  Globe,'  '  God's  Gift,' 
'Hector,'  '  Hope  '  (properly  'Mer- 
chant's Hope'),  'James,'  'Lion,' 
'New  Year's  Gift,'  'Osiander'  (or 
'  Hoseander'),  'Patience,'  'Pepper- 
corn,' '  Rose,'  '  Samaritan,'  '  Sea 
Adventure,'  'Solomon,'  'Speed- 
well,' 'Thomas,'  '  Thomasine, '  an  J 
'Trades  Increase'),  74,  125,  137,  270 

Eastern  commodities  for  England,  1, 
2,  5.  41.  49,  5°.  59.  "7.  "9.  120, 
136,  156,  159,  172,  180,  188,  205, 
213,  231,  240,  247,  248,  249,  250, 
251,  253,  254,  259,  260,  263,  269, 
270,  271,  273,  274,  277,  282,  286, 
316,  319,  336  ;  for  other  parts  of  the 
East,  5,  40,  67,  203,  231,  233,  238, 
256,  259,  273,  275,  276,  279,  281, 
283,  305,  306,   307,  308,  311,  312, 

3»3.  3'4,  315.  323.  337,  338,  340 
Eaton,  William,  of  the  Eighth  Voyage, 
left    in    Japan  with  Cocks,    5,   his 
wages,  8,  sent  to  Osaka,  12,  21,  23, 
letters  to  Wickham,  20,  25-26,  29- 
30,   30-31,  referred  to,  26,  27,  fur- 
ther letters,  48,  50-51,  62-63,  74- 
75,  letter  to  Cocks,  139-140,  another, 
143,  his  advices  referred  to,  53  ;  67, 
68,  69,  75,  222 
Ebert    or     Ebrett,    William,    left    at 
Patani,  115,  125,  201,  a  present  to, 
203 ;  204,  205 
Edo,  Edoo,  or  Edow.   See  Jeddo. 


INDEX 


355 


Edwards,  William,  of  the  first  recorded 
Joint  Stock  Voyage,  signs  consulta- 
tions at  Surat,  132,    133,   134,  135, 
chosen  for  resident  at   Agra,    133, 
134,  136,   193,  214,  236,  240,  247, 
251,  297,  as  representing  James  I., 
137,  Keridge's  letter  on  the  appoint- 
ment, 138-139  ;  letter  to  E.  I.  C.  on 
the  voyage  and  appointment,    148- 
156,  abstract  thereof  referred  to,  187, 
another  letter  to  E.  I.  C,   243-246  ; 
his    'civil   conversation,'   157;  158, 
169,    172,   goes  to  Agra,    176,   188, 
218,  241,  247,  262  ;  177,  182,   183, 
letter   of   reproof    from    Downton, 
185,      letter      of      friendly     advice 
from      Keridge,     195-196  ;       signs 
memorandum     on     Persian     trade, 
209,  and  Steel's  commission  for  the 
same,   268 ;  sees  the  Viceroy,  213, 
is  well    received,    219  ;    220,   226, 
229  ;  248  ;  joint   letter  to  Oxwicke 
and  others,  249-250 ;  254,  258,  266, 
286 
Eighth  Voyage    (see    Saris,    General, 
ships      'Clove,'      'Hector,'      and 
'  Thomas,'  etc.),  its  great  cost,  7,  the 
Siam  venture,  204,  205,  235 
Elephants,  clothing  for,  97  ;  108,  141 
Elephant's    teeth,   or  ivory,   58,   100, 
151,  181,   197,  199,  200,  218,  248, 
260,  263,  264,  329 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  James  I.,  marries 

the  Elector  Palatine,  165 
Elkington,  Humphrey,  appointed  fac- 
tor for  Cambaya,  134,  214,  241 
Elkington,  Thomas,  signs  consulta- 
tions at  Surat,  132,  133,  134,  135, 
137  ;  156,  letter  to  E.  I.  C.  referred 
to,  192,  signs  consultation  on  Per- 
sian trade,  209,  letters  to  Oxwicke, 
218,  219-220,  225-226,  232,  to 
Oxwicke  and  Farewell,  228-229, 
253-254;  240,  at  Surat,  241,  letter 
from  Oxwicke,  283-284,  further 
letters   to  Oxwicke,    295-296,  302- 

3°3»  303-304,  305-306,  3"-3l2 
Elmore,   Henry,  appointed  factor  for 
Surat,  Ahmedabad,  etc.,  134,  left  at 
Ahmedabad,  214 


Emsworth,   Nicholas,  appointed  a  fac- 
tor for  Surat,  &c,    134,  his  death, 
J56,  213,  236,  and  illness,  240,  248, 
an    edifying    end,     264,     265,    his 
character,  252 
England,  11,   41,  42,  43,  56,  60,  68, 
81,    104,    107,    108,   109,    120,   122, 
131,   appreciation  of  Indian   trade, 
I33»  SQips  for,  134,  goods  for,   135, 
136,  152,  154,   183,  194,   199,  200, 
211,  212,  214,  221,  237,  241,  244, 
245,  249,  250,  253,  255,  259,  266, 
267,  268,  ships  from,  270,  275,  278, 
282,  vessels  sent  back  to,  284,  285, 
290,  300,  301,  308,  316,  317,  ships 
from,  318 ;  320,  321,  323,  324,  327, 
328,  329,  332,  334,  335,  338,  339 
English  coach  and  coachman   desired 
for  the  Mogul,  152  ;  flag  objected  to 
in  Japan,  21,  22,  52  ;  honesty  to  be 
maintained,  286  ;  in  India,  97,  104, 
mortality  amongst,    99,    107 ;     lan- 
guage, 106  ;  in  Dutch  employ,  83  ; 
in    the    Moluccas,    49 ;    in    Persia, 
letter  to,  266  ;  at  Patani,  99,    114  ; 
preferred  to    Dutch,    at   Amboyna, 
270,   Banda,  35,    Longoe,  etc.,    45, 
Lugho,    272,    307,    315,    322 ;     to 
Portuguese  in   India,  96,    246  ;    at 
Priaman,  in  danger,  165  ;  at  Pulicat, 
85  ;  ships,  at  Boeton,  36,  wanted  at 
Macassar,  77,  forecastles  of,  78;  16, 
152,  165,  166,  217;  in  Tecoo,  2S9  ; 
trade  with   China,   opening  sought, 
199  ;  with  the  people  of  Lugho,  etc., 

273 

Equator,  the,  122,  212,  329,  333 

Erzedach,  178 

Espahaune.     See  Ispahan. 

Essington,  Thomas,  Captain  of  the 
'Globe'  (Seventh  Voyage)  after  the 
death  of  Hippon,  joint  letter  to  Aid- 
worth  (missing),  19,  his  death,  41, 
59,  102,  293,  succeeds  Hippon,  112, 
delays  men's  pay,  129 

Ethiopia,  221 

European  news  arrives  at  Surat,  165 

'  Expedition, '  ship  of  E.  I.  C.  (Twelfth 
Voyage),  14,  16,  106,  108,  118,  122, 
148,  185,  190,  192,  194,  279,  287,  315 
A  A   Z 


356 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


Faccatay  or  Focaty.  See  Fukuoka 
Factories,  existing  or  proposed  :  Agra, 
182,  Amboyna,  322,  Banda,  307, 
308,  315,  322,  Bantam,  15,  16,  275, 
276,  317,  326,  335,  338,  China,  323, 
Gressik,  277,  340,  Jacatra,  276, 
Japan  (see  Firando),  45,  46,  323, 
Japara,  277,  340,  Landak,  28,  92, 
Macassar,  33,  34,  45.  4».  3o6»  3'4» 
322,  Moluccas  (see  Banda,  Lugho, 
Timor,  etc),  I,  12,  Patani,  32,  112, 
123,  326,  338,  Sambas,  66,  92,  123, 
Siam,  82,  113,  325,  338,  Sukadana, 
66,  123,  278,  Sungora,  125,  Surat 
(see  that  heading),  Tecoo,  287,  288, 
Timor,  27S,  340,  elsewhere,  85, 
308,  needs  of,  82,  83,  277,  326, 
numerous  and  increasing,  238,  small 
ships  in  connection  with,  45,  81,  278, 
326 
Factors  (see  also  Private  Trading 
and  Wages),  bad  correspondents, 
12,  33,  68,  69,  166,  204,  behaviour 
desirable  in,  see  Cocks  to  Wick- 
ham,  10-13,  196,  dissensions  among, 
60,  90,  inconveniences  of  their 
position,  82,  83,  n 8,  124,  125, 
126,  275,  289,  mortality  amongst,  at 
Bantam,  326,  328,  335,  lessened, 
338,  qualifications  for,  6,  7,  86, 
and  allowances  for,  176,  196,  265, 
277,   326,   slothfulness  of  some,  14, 

324 

Farewell,  Christopher,  appointed  a 
factor  for  Cambaya,  134,  sent  to 
Broach,  219,  where  he  remains,  231, 
going  away,  283,  and  returning,  284, 
296,  305,  321,  letter  (to  him  and 
others)  from  Aldworth,  2S6-287, 
similar  letter  from  Edwards  and 
others,  249-250,  letters  to  him  and 
Oxwicke  from  Elkington,  228-229, 
253-254,  letter  presumably  from 
Mitford,  232-233 

Farie  or  Fary,  Benjamin,  merchant  of 
the '  Darling '  (Sixth  Voyage),  33,  38, 
46,  letter  to  Jourdain,  54-56 ;  57, 
122,  123,  endangered  by  Marlowe, 
126 

Fette  Mamood,  140 


Fettiplacc,  Francis,  appointed  a  factor 
for  Agra,  134,  214,  241 

Fever,  240,  289 

Fidaia  Same,  son  of  Ticus  Same,  his 
revolt,  201,  202,  221,  favourable  re- 
ception of  Eaton,  222 

Finch,  William,  agent  for  Gourncy,  91 

Firando,  the  English  residence  in  Japan, 

3,  4,  9,   IO,  12,   l8,  20,  21,  22,  25,  26, 

27.  3°.  3' 1  46,  47.  48,  5°.  5'.  com- 
petition at,  52,  53  ;  62,  67,  70,  71,  74, 
Dutch  ships  at,  75,  76,  demand  for 
gunpowder  at,  139;  196,  200,  201, 
202,  goods  suited  to,  203  ;  204,  207, 
215,  216,  217,  220,  222,  223,  227, 
228,  230,  233,  235,  323,  325 

Firman  (sec  also  Cowl)  restricting  trade 
of  Pulicat  to  the  Dutch,  83 

Firmans  of  the  Mogul,  104,  133,  138, 
157.  158,  178.  179.  182,  240,  299, 
300,  301 

First  Voyage  (1601).  Set  Lancaster, 
General,  and  Middleton,  John 

First  recorded  Joint  Stock  Voyage 
(stt  Downton,  General,  Dodsworth, 
ships  'Hector,'  'Merchant's  Hope,' 
'New  Year's  Gift,'  'Solomon,' 
etc.),  125,  139,  193,  194,  272 

Flemings  or  I  lollanders.     See  Dutch 

Flemish    cloth    superior    to    English, 

3.  7 

Fletcher,  John,  kinsman  and  agent  of 
Farie,  79 

Flood,  ,  chief  man  on  board  the 

'  Concord,'  dies,  268,  269 

Floris,  Peter  Williamson,  cape  mer- 
chant of  the  '  Globe '  (Seventh  Voy- 
age), a  Dutchman  in  E.  I.  C.  's  employ, 
his  statement  regarding  disburse- 
ments, 17,  joint  letter  to  Aldworth 
(missing),  19,  another  to  the  same, 
164-166,  letter  from  him  alone  to  the 
same,  59-61  ;  letter  from  Aldworth, 
sent  to  E.I.C.,  101,  102,  joint  letter 
to  Jourdain,  40-43,  other  letters  re- 
ferred to,  117,  145,  272,  at  Petapoli, 
80;  83,  at  Patani,  112,  his  patience, 
114,  115;  Il6,  117,  121,  122,  125, 
129,  his  journeyings,  247  ;  279,  and 
Christian,  290 ;  293,  294,  295,  his  fair 


INDEX 


357 


dealing,  316,  317;   324,  325,  326, 

goes  home,  341 
Flax,  the.     See  Diseases. 
Folliott,  Sir  Henry,  his  kindness,  189 
Food,  complaints  of,  176,  187,  320 
Foreigners  in  E.    I.  C.'s   employ  (see 

Antheunis,     Cozucke,     Floris    and 

Tuning),  189 
Foxcroft,  George,  130 
Foyne  Same,  the  old  King  of  Firando, 

17,  20,  21,  his  illness,  52,  and  death, 

76 
Frangueis'    goods,    transport    of,    for- 
bidden by  Mogul,  298,  299 
Frankfort,  stone  or   plaster  figures  of 

animals  from,  174 
Frederick  V.,    Elector   Palatine.     See 

Heidelberch,  the  Prince  Elector  of 
Free  trade  at  Surat,  157,  and  elsewhere, 

273 
French  pictures  on  cloth,  174 
Frenchman,  a,  executor  to  Midnall,  in 

Ajmir,  98,   105,    106,   his   elephant, 

141  ;  158,  299,  300 
Fuego  or  Fogo  or  Javea  Island,   234, 

319 

Fukuoka,  22,  47 

Fursland,  Richard,  his  account,  147 

Fusto,  146,  passim 


Gajera  (Gagara),  228 

Gambia,  coast  of,  333 

Gambling,  dangers  of,  1 1,  56 

Garter,  the  order  of  the,  given  to  Prince 
Maurice,  165 

Gelbege.     Ses  Killybegg 

Gembuzar.     See  Jambusar 

Geme  (measure  of  distance),  177 

Gens  (coins  of  Japan),  76 

Gentiles,  or  Indians,  84,  85,  their  sub- 
tlety, 86 

Gentlemen  passengers  objected  to,  190 

George,  a  Caffro,  228 

'  Gift,'  the.     See  '  New  Year's  Gift ' 

Gingeere  Rashpoorie.  See  Danda 
Raj  pur 

Gipps,  Robert,  cape  merchant  of  the 
1  Peppercorn,'  his  disputes  with 
Harris,  184,  185,  the  reason  of,  190, 


letter  toE.  I.  C.,  192,  peace  restored, 
194 
•Globe,'  ship  of  the  E.  I.  C.  (Seventh 
Voyage),  17,  19,  39,  41,  42,  43,  49, 
80,  83,  86,  114,  116,  117,  119,  120, 

121,    122,    123,    I25,    128,    I2g,    I45, 

164,  193,  249,  272,  279,  280,  282, 
285,  290,  292, 293,  294,  295,  312, 
313,  316,  317,  318,  319,  320,  321, 

322,  324,  325,  327,  328,  332,  334, 

335.  336,  337.  338 

Glover,  Sir  Thomas,  Ambassador  to 
Turkey,  261 

Goa,  155,213,  259,  264,  the  Viceroy  of 
(Don  Jeronimo  de  Azevedo),  43,  107, 
169,  296,  his  letter  to  Mukarrab  Khan 
referred  to,  186,  298,  305,  is  defeated 
by  Downton,  302,  303 

•  God's  Gift,'  the,  a  junk  of  E.  I.  C.,  32, 

33.  46,  56 
Goga  burnt   by  the  Portuguese,    155, 

229,  261,  264 
Gogerats.     See  Guzerats 
Gold,  40,  92,  94,  273,  309,  314,  322, 

323.  325.  338,  340 

Good  Hope,  Cape  of  (see  also  Saldama), 
1,  146,  sailing  directions  for,  re- 
ferred to,  183,  190,  194,  pillar  set  up 
at,  184;  185,  supposed  discovery  of 
vermilion  and  quicksilver  at,  191 ; 
212,  221,  285,  319,  324,  329,  in- 
scription and  letters  at,  330,  334  ;  331 

Gore,  John,  265 

Gore,  Ralph,  265 

Gore,  Robert,  265 

Gore,  William,  265 

Gourney,  Ann,  sister  of  John,  91 

Gourney,  John,  cape  merchant  of  the 
'James'  (Ninth  Voyage),  17,  joint 
letter  to  Jourdain,  44"45>  Jomt  re" 
membrance  for  Jourdain  and  Cobb, 
49,  his  favourite  wares,  59,  the 
trouble  with  Marlowe,  65,  118,  124, 
126,  letter  to  E.  I.  C.  on  the  hin- 
drances to  trade,  81-S7  ;  121,  goes 
to  Siam,  123,  205,  206,  his  error, 
269 ;  272,  273,  setded  at  Masuli- 
patam,  293 

Gourney,  Thomas,  brother  and  agent  of 
the  above,  91 


35» 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


Gracia,  or  Gratia.     See  Gressik 

Great  Mogul.     See  Mogul,  the  Great 

Great  Nicobar  Island,  115 

Greenwell,  William,  Deputy  Governor 
of  E.  I.  C,  172,  letter  from  his  ser- 
vant, John  Yates,  319-320 

Greete  or  Greet,  Hugh,  at  Sukadana, 
signs  letter  to  Cozucke  on  expedition 
to  Landak,  28-29 ;  urges  on  the 
matter,  57 

Gressik,  34,  factory  desirable  at,  277, 
309;  3i8,  336,  337,  338,  340 

»  Greyhound,'  the,  a  Dutch  ship,  35 

Guinea  coast,  its  natives,  285,  287, 
wares  of  and  for,  329,  333 

Guzano,  Pedro,  Jesuit  priest,  spreads 
reports  of  Adams'  death,  21,  23,  26, 
27 

Guzerat,  a,  his  bills,  44 

Guzerat,  English  trade  with,  16,  goods 
of,  31,  77,  78,  273,  275,  are  not 
vendible  in  Bantam,  314,  king  of,  his 
city,  238,  merchants  of,  at  Bantam, 
87,  enemies  of  the  Portuguese,  97, 
of  merchants  in  Surat,  186,  pilots 
of,  on  the  true  position  of  J  ask,  170, 
177 

Gwalter, ,  72 


Hadgeeozan,  Hogenozan,  or  Hogie- 
nozan.     See  Khoja  Nassam 

Hall,  Paul,  factor  of  the  James,  90 

Hamden.     See  Holmedon 

Hans,  Hans  de,  45 

Ilarnando.     See  Ximenes 

Harris,  Captain  of  the  '  Peppercorn,' 
his  quarrel  with  Barwick  and  Gipps, 
184,  185,  its  cause,  190,  Gipps'  ver- 
sion, 192,  the  dispute  settled,  194 

Harwood,  L.,  master  of  'Darling' 
(Sixth  Voyage),  122 

Haste.     See  Weights  and  Measures 

Hautman,  Martin,  a  Dutch  merchant, 
114 

Hawkins,  Giles,  of  the  '  Concord,' 
dies,  268 

Hawkins,  Captain  Nicholas,  cape  mer- 
chant of  the  •  Osiander '  (Tenth 
Voyage),   on  her  voyage  to  Japan, 


dissentions  between  him  and  Rowe, 
319,  his  assistants,  327,  332,  338 

Hawkins,  Captain  William,  of  the 
'Hector'  (Third  Voyage),  his  al- 
leged servant,  61,  and  Mukarrab 
Khan,  104,  his  death,  109,  his  widow's 
marriage  toTowerson,  210 

Hawks,  John,  of  the  '  Darling  '  (Sixth 
Voyage),  death  of,  89 

'  Hector,'  E.  I.  C.'s  ship,  23,  148,  151, 
156,  194,  212,  245,  248,  255,  286, 
292,  296,  304 

Heidelberch  {i.e.  Heidelberg),  the 
Prince  Elector  married  to  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  James  I.,  165 

Henry,  Prince  of  Wales,  his  death,  165 

Ilerode,  Thomas,  master's  mate  of  the 
'Darling,'  letter  to  Sir  Thomas 
Smith  on  the  Landak  expedition, 
91-92 

Higgonsor  Higons,  William,  dies,  184, 
194 

Hippon,  Captain  Anthony,  of  the 
'  Globe'  (Seventh  Voyage),  dies,  112; 
285,  290 

Hisphaon.     See  Ispahan 

Hitto,  Dutch  factory  at,  307,  the '  Cap- 
tain'of,  310;  336 

Hobgoblin,  the,  and  John  Japan,  230 

Holland,  165 

Hollanders.     See  Dutch. 

Holmedon,  Edward,  appointed  factor 
for  Ahmedabad,  1 34,  abstract  of  his 
letter  to  E.  I.  C,  asking  for  increased 
pay,  183  ;  goes  to  Cambaya,  183, 
241,  249 

1  Hope,'  ship  of  E.  I.  C. ,  103,  148,  178, 
182,  184,  186,  188,  189,  193,  194, 
212,  255,  297,  303,  304,  305 

Hopkins,  ,  attacks  Larkin,  126 

Hunt,  Edward,  100 

Hunt,  John,  master  of  the  '  Osiander ' 
(Tenth  Voyage),  332 

Hunte,  Richard,  factor  for  Banda,  307, 
315 


Ikshiu,  hot  baths  of,  52,  54 
India,  148,  188,  cloth  for,  107,  120,  287, 
bad  sale  of,  results,  169,  dwindling 


INDEX 


359 


of   Portuguese     trade,    169,     goods 

of,  not  vendible  in  Japan,   50,  62, 

trade  with  Persia,  105 
Indian  Princes  and  the  Portuguese,  169 
Indrapura,  291 

Indus,  the,  155,  a  fair  river,  171 
Industans,  the  (Hindoos),  275 
Invoices  of  goods  left  in  Japan,  13,  sent 

to  Siam,  207 
Ireland,  182,  188,  189,  209,  210 
Ironmonger  Lane  (London),  130 
Ispahan,  105,  146,  153,  154,  237,  252, 

266,  267,  268,  299 
Italians  in  Agra,  143 
Ivory.     See  Elephant's  Teeth. 
Iyeasu.     See  Japan,  Emperor  of 


Jacatra,  39,  81,  82,  118,  119,  120, 
121,  125,  the  King  and  the  English 
factory  at,  276 

Jackson,  his  account,  147 

Jadow,  broker  and  interpreter,  138, 
and  Sherley,  141,  in  prison  for 
cheating,  142,  and  Midnall's  goods, 
158 

Jalver.     See  Jhalra  Patan 

Jambusar,  228,  253,  281,  304,  305 

Jamby,  127 

James  L,  King  of  England,  his  letter 
needed  for  Vellore,  83,  his  letter  to 
the  Great  Mogul,  103,  104,  108,  and 
present,  138,  178,  slighted,  179,  his 
letter  to  the  Queen  of  Patani,  1 1 3, 
and  to  the  King  of  Siam,  113,  letter 
to,  from  the  King  of  Achin,  147,  his 
commission,  149,  175,  his  letter 
well  received  in  Quinham,  197, 
a  letter  desired  for  the  Emperor 
of  China,  199,  Edwards  sent  to 
the  Mogul  as  his  representative,  137, 
with  presents,  138  ;  131,  211,  294 

'James,'  a  ship  of  E.  I.  C,  17,  38,  39, 
40,  42,  44,  49,  67,  79,  80,  81,  82, 
83,  87,  88,  89,  91,  94,  a  man  of, 
murdered,  95;  100,  112,  116,  117, 
118,  119,  120,  121,  124,  127,  128, 
129,  145,  160,  247,  264,  269,  270, 
271,  272,  273,  274,  275,  280,  284, 
285,  287,   289,   290,  292,  293,  294, 


302,  312,  313,   316,  318,  319,  321, 

325.   327 
Jamgama.     See  Kiangmai 
Jantana  Point,  115 

Japan,  banishment  of  missionaries 
from,  19,  20,  21,  27,  201,  221,  do- 
mestic manners  of,  10,  II,  18,  20,  23, 
72,  73.  204,  the  Dutch  in,  3,  52,  53, 
54,  68,  69,  70,  75,  76,  113,  127,  197, 
198,  200,  223,  Cocks  left  cape  mer- 
chant in,  4,  Saris' s  letter  on  trade  in, 
4-9  ;  221,  222,  223,  second  expe- 
dition to,  planned,  81,  319,  323,  327, 
332,  335.  338,  339.  E.  I.C.'s  trade 
with,  50,  51,  52,  53,  plate  of, 
206,  208,  price  of  China  silk  in, 
128,  risks  of  fire  in,  10,  15,  47,  51, 
200,  Siamese  wares  for,  81, 119,  205, 
trade  in,  70,  71,  143,  198,  199,  200, 
202,  203,  227,  231,  315,  troubles  ex- 
pected in,  26,  201,  202,  221 

Japan,  Emperor  of  (Ogashama  or 
Iyeasu),  3,  his  license  to  trade,  3,  6, 
7,  his  purchases  and  payments,  9, 
10,  12,  30,  47,  198,  199,  prohibits 
tobacco,  20,  effect  on  China  of  his 
admission  of  the  English,  199,  in- 
terest in  the  North-West  passage, 
200,  221,  banishes  all  Roman  Catho- 
lics, 201,  202,  221,  late  emperor's 
attempt  on  Pekin  frustrated,  202, 
loss  of  Korea,  202 

Japan,  John,  47,  227,  and  the  hob- 
goblin, 230 

Japanese  almanac  referred  to,  222,  bad 
credit  of,  10,  II,  clothing,  198,  228, 
document,  216,  goods  for  England, 
5,  199,  206,  language,  200,  235, 
letter  of  Cocks  to  Adams  and  Wick- 
ham,  9-10,  noblemen  build  a  castle, 
53,  sailors,  233,  234,  slain  in  Cochin 
China,  68,  at  Patani,  113 

Japara,  factory  desired  at,  277,  340 

Jasques,  port  in  Persia,  98,  145,  146, 
153.  169,  170,  171,  177,  193,  210, 
211,  237,  24I,  242,  252,  267 

Java  and  the  Javanese  :  and  the  Dutch, 
7,  15,  32S,  wares  for  Bantam,  49, 
119,  trade  in  and  with,  84,  209,  278, 
(people)  279,  3!7,   332,  335,   336, 


360 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


338,  harbours  and  bays,  331,  334, 
junks,  336,  337 

Javea  {called  also  Fogo  or  Fucgo) 
Island,  234,  319 

Jehangir.     See  Mogul,  the  Great 

Jeddo  (Edo  or  Yedo),  7,  9,  10,  12,  13, 
17,  18,  20,  21,  22,  25,  26,  29,  30, 
46,  48,  51,  52,  English  goods  at, 
53  5  62,  67,  74,  75,  76,  204 

Jengulie,  253 

Jesuits,  banished  with  other  Roman 
Catholics  from  Japan,  19,  20,  21, 
201,  202,  221  ;  in  India,  105,  106, 
their  churches  closed,  107,  141,  act 
adversely  to  the  English,  108,  and 
hinder  Canning's  mission,  131, 
friendly  with  Sherley,  141,  an 
Italian,  left  at  Agra,  143,  at  Surat, 
imprisoned,  150,  298,  relations  with 
Mukarrab  Khan,  1S6,  259,  at  Agra, 
299 

Jewels  (see  Rubies)  wanted  for  Indian 
trade,  301 

Jhalra  Patan,  196 

John,  Mr.  Oxwicke's  lad,  231 

John  de  Nova,  251 

Johnson,    ,    draper    of    Watling 

Street,  265 

Johnson,  France,  dies,  185 

Johnson,  John,  of  the  Tenth  Voyage, 
left  at  Patani,  44,  82,  88,  a  wise  and 
ancient  man,  115,  in  the  'Darling,' 
121,  122,   123 

Johore,  or  Jor,  trade  with  Macassar, 

31,  127,  gold,  40 
Joint  Stock  Voyages,  accounts  of,  193, 

instructions  for  required,  269  ;  271, 

273,  280,  313,  316,  317,  325,  335, 

336 
Jonckseylon,  128 
Jones, ,  deceased  at  Bantam,  122, 

273 

Joosen.     See  Yousen 

Jourdain,  John,  cape  merchant  in 
Bantam,  letters  to  E.  I.  C.  from 
Bantam,  14-16,  312-319;  letters  re- 
ceived by,  from  Cockayne,  31-38, 
45-46,  from  Welden,  35,  36,  from 
Larkin,  37-38,  38-40,  from  Floris 
and  Chauncey,  40-43,  from  Gourney 


and  others,  44-45,  another,  49, 
joint  letter  to  E.  I.  C,  partly  in 
cipher,  144-145  ;  another  in  ordi- 
nary script,  268-279,  his  '  remem- 
brance '  for  George  Ball,  306-311, 
letter  to  the  same,  339-340  ;  34,  45, 
46>  77.  79.  81,  87,  118,  119,  differ- 
ence with  Denton,  120;  121,  124, 
Marlowe's  alleged  plots  with,  124  ; 
128,  his  opinion  of  Cobb,  159,  160, 
161 -162,  201,  203,  206,  signs  report 
on  the  '  James  '  and  '  Osiander, '  285 ; 
324,  328,  336 


Katafing.     Set  Kota  Tengah 

Keeling,  General  William,  his  rules  as 
to  dead  men's  goods,  184,  185,  192, 
at  Saldania,  1S9,  abstract  of  letter  to 
E.  I.  C.  commenting  on  the  voyage, 
1 89-191,  commended  by  Arthington, 
194 

Keicho,  9 

Kelly,  Francis,  of  the  'God's  Gift,'  32, 
33.  46,  57.  78 

Kemas,  the  Shabunder  of  Bantam,  318 

Keridge,  Thomas,  of  the  Tenth  Voyage, 
at  Agra,  100,  appointed  factor,  134, 
not  well  received  by  the  Mogul,  244, 
252,  257,  at  Ajmir,  99,  and  Canning's 
accounts,  194,  257,  instructions  to 
■\\ithington,  140,  141,  and  Jadow, 
142,  letter  to  Aldworth  and  Biddulph, 
156-159,  letter  to  Downton  referred 
to,  192,  letters  to  E.  I.  C. ,  103-109, 
297-301,  one  quoted,  185,  191,  letter 
to  Edwards,  195-196,  to  Sir  Thomas 
Smith,  iio-iii,  letter  from  Aid- 
worth,  137-139 

Kerimon  (a  Japanese  garment),  198, 
228 

Kewee  (see  Kewe  in  Vol.  I.),  297,  his 
villainy,  340 

Khoja  (or  Kwajah)  Jehan,  broker  to 
the  English,  and  Jadow's  cheating, 
142 

Khoja  Nassam  or  Nazan  (called  Coja 
Nassan),  130,  his  covetousness,  138, 
sub-governor  of  Surat,  150;  239, 
258 


INDEX 


3G1 


Khurram,   Sultan,   son    of   the   Great 

Mogul,  104 
Kiang-mai  [called  Jangama),  82,  113, 

114 
Killybegg  Harbour,  Ireland,  188 
King,  Captain  Samuel,  an  Englishman 

in  Dutch  employ,  S3 
King,  Thomas,  his  bonded  goods,  224 
King's  commission    (James    I.),    149, 

175 

Kintal.     See  Weights  and  Measures 

Kintlage,  190 

Korea,  17,  22,  mode  of  travelling  in, 

201,  wares  of,  201,  how  lost  to  the 

Japanese,  202 
Kota  Tengah  (Cota  Tinga),  291,  322, 

323,  discovered  as  a  market,  328 
Koyngero.     See  Chongro 


Lahore,  105,  i7i,indigoof,  194,  260; 

266 
Lahori   Bandar     {called    Laurebander 

and  Bunder    Laree),   port  of  Sind, 

106,  172 
Lakmana,  and  the  customs  at  Patani, 

129 
Lambasson,  Dutch  factory  at,  56,  77 
Lambin,    Lankin    or    Lannkyn.      See 

Nanking 
Lancaster,  Sir  James,  126 
Landak,  factory  desired  at,  28,  92,  93, 

expedition  to,  57,  92,  93  ;  65,  river, 

soundings,  67,  charted,  95,  precious 

wares   of,  92,  94,  way  of  obtaining 

trade,  95 
Lane,  Richard,  factor  in  Tecoo,  288 
Langasacka,    Langasake   or   Langasa- 

que.     See  Nangasaki 
Laugjan.     See  Luang  Prabang 
Langley,  Edward,  deceased  at  Bantam, 

his  effects,  14,  37,  and  irregularities, 

15 

Larin.     See  Coins 

Larkin,  Richard,  Captain  of  the  '  Dar- 
ling,' signs  instructions  to  Cozucke 
on  Landak  expedition,  29,  letter  to 
Jourdain  from  Sukadana,  37-38,  an- 
other to  the  same  from  Patani,  38- 


40,  loan  from,  to  the  '  James,'  44, 
87,  124,  317,  letter  referred  to,  46, 
at  Sukadana,  55,  79,  121,  and  Cam- 
Payo,  55>  g°es  to  Patani,  55,  56,  77, 
122,  123,  despatches  expedition  to 
Landak,  57,  sends  river-soundings, 
67,  nearly  killed  by  reason  of  Mar- 
lowe's ill  discipline,  65,  letter  to  Sir 
Thomas  Smith  on  business,  espe- 
cially at  Sukadana,  and  Landak,  65- 
67  ;  82,  goes  to  Siam,  123,  272,  278, 
37 
Lassidy,  wars  of,  45,  an  open  port,  272, 

cloves  of,  307 
Laskar  or  Leskar  (a  camp),  142,  158 
Lead,    its    use   in    packing   cloth,    3, 

13 

Leat,  Nicholas,  and  Midnall,  153,  169, 

237 
Lemon   juice   supplied  to   the  crews, 

190 
Lequeo  Grande.     See  Okinawasima 
Lequeo  Islands.     See  Liu-Kiu  Islands 
Liberia,  319 

Lieger,  the,  for  Agra.     See  Edwards 
Lingana,  85 

Lingga  (called  Pulo  Pon  Lingua),  122 
'Lion,'  the,  E.  I.  C.'s  ship,   191,   192, 

194 
Little    Andaman    (called  Citra  Anda- 
man), 115 
Littlewood,    Robert,    purser,     left    at 

Patani,  115 
Liu-Kiu  Islands  (called  Amami  Oosima 

or  Oxima,  also  Lequeo),  233,  234, 

the  inhabitants  of,  235 
Lizard,  the,  333 
Lock,  Thomas,  merchant,  60 
London,  40,  174,  221,  city  and  suburbs 

compared  with  Ahmedabad,  238 
Longoe,  wares  of,  45 
Lorenco,  goods  for,  29 
Low  Countries,  164,  165 
Luang  Prabang  (called  Langjan),  S2, 

"3 
Lucas.     See  Antheunis 
Lucipara,  122 
Lugho,  chief  of,  favourable  to  English, 

272,  273,   English   preferred   at,  to 

Dutch,  307  j  336 


3^2 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


Macao,  76,  128,  201,  202, 203,  banished 
Jusuits  at,  221 

Macassar,  trade  of  and  at,  31,  35,  39, 
45>  56,  77,  78,  hindrances,  127, 
ships,  33,  risks  of  fire,  34,  factory, 
for,  planned,  34,  exchange  at,  37, 
port  dues,  39,  Dutch  at,  54  ;  55,  57, 
66,  79,  92,  94,  117,  121,  great  hopes 
of  trade  at,  270,  272,  294,  302, 
establishment  of  factory,  306,  307, 
308,  309,   Portuguese  merchant  in, 

309  ;  310.  314.  322,  336 

Macassar,  the  King  of,  his  ship,  32, 
gift  of  timber,  34,  45,  46,  and  Cam- 

Payo,  35  ;  55.  78 

Macaur.     See  Macao 

Madagascar  (called  St  Lawrence),  148, 
167,  212,  250,  255 

Madins.     See  Coins 

Mainwaring,  Captain,  pardoned,  189 

Makjan  Island,  1,  trade  offered  to  Eng- 
lish, 2 

Malacca,  78,  115,  127 

Malacca,  Straits  of,  14 

Malay  junks  at  Boeton,  33,  wares  for 
Bantam,  49,  language,  272,  cloth,  88 

Malicktosuer,  61 

Mallocees.     See  Moluccas 

Mallory,  Timothy,  appointed  factor  for 
Surat,  etc.,  134 

Mamond,  Solomon,  312 

Mamoodies.     See  Coins 

Mandarins,  113 

Manilla.     See  Philippines 

Manoembing  hill  (called  Manopine), 
122 

Maria,  18,  20 

Marieco,  Dutch  at,  2 

Marlowe,  Captain  Edmund,  of  the 
Ninth  Voyage,  ship  'James,'  39, 
40,  49,  his  good  deeds,  95,  his  mis- 
conduct and  its  consequences,  64,  65, 
89,  90,  91,  114,  116,  117,  118,  119, 
123,  124,  125,  126,  129,  271,  274, 
275,  280,  312,  316  ;  279,  287,  295, 
313 

Martin,  230 

Mass.     See  Coins 

Masulipatam,  14,  cowl  for,  17;  19,  40, 
goods  for  and  trade  of,  59,  84,  86, 


88,  90,  91,  99,  338 ;  61,  Marlowe 
at,  64,  89,  116,  118,  317,  the  Brah- 
man Governor,  84,  89,  his  son  made 
hostage,  294,  customs  and  custom- 
house, 84,  86,  89  ;  96,  101,  103, 
no,  117,  Dutch  at,  154;  158,  166, 
'Globe'  from,   279,  321,    at,    292; 

293.  297 
Matsuura  Hizen  no  Kami     See  Tome 

Same 
Matt.     See  Weights  and  Measures 
Mattran,  factory  desired  at,  277 
Maund.     See  Weights  and  Measures 
Maurice,  Stadtholder,  of  Holland,  made 

a  Knight  of  the  Garter,  165 
Mauritius  Island,  wood  from,  189 
Meer  Shumelo,  Shabunder  of  Masuli- 
patam, 17 
Melsham,  purser  of  the  '  Clove '  (Eighth 

Voyage),  14 
Merchandise   marks,    illustrated,    203, 

206,  286,  referred  to,  325 
Meredith,  John  (Eighth  Voyage), killed, 

3 

Merland,  Bartholomew,  190 

Mesima  (Mexma),  233 

Miaco  or  Miako,  9,  21,  26,  29,  30,  48, 
50,  73 

Middleburg  in  Holland,  220 

Middleton,  Captain  David,  318,  322, 
323,  letter  to  E.  I.  C,  324-326; 
328,  331,  332,  333.  335.  337.  33$> 
339 

Middleton,  General  Sir  Henry,  at 
Makjan,  2,  his  goods,  39,  67,  and 
Sheppard's  moneys,  41,  at  Pulo  Ai, 
78  ;  90,  and  Mukarrab  Khan,  104, 
his  letters  to  the  King  of  Socotra, 
148,  velvet  brought  by,  to  India  un- 
saleable, 174,  the  King's  commission 
to,  175,  sword-blades  brought  to 
India  by,  195,  his  death,  201,  204, 
213.  320,  324.  325.  328  ;  his  doings 
in  the  Red  Sea,  240,  260 

Middleton,  Captain  John,  of  the  First 
Voyage,    his    death   and    character, 

325 
Midnall,  John,  a  dishonest  trader,  60, 
dies  at  Ajmir,  98,  102,  153,  or  Agra, 
242,  his  affairs,  105,  106,  and  goods, 


INDEX 


363 


137,  141,  156,  170,  1S1,  300,  in  the 
Mogul's  hands,  193,  237,  299  ;  169 

Mill,  Thomas,  147 

Millward,  John,  cape  merchant  of 
'Thomas,'  letter  to  E.  I.  C,  327-328; 
330,  338 

Mitford,  Thomas,  signs  consultations  at 
Surat,  132,  133,  134,  135,  137,  ap- 
pointed a  factor  for  Agra,  134,  214, 
241,  signs  consultation  on  Persian 
trade,  209,  memorandum  probably 
from  him  for  Farewell,  232-233, 
letter  to  E.  I.  C.  on  Indian  and  Per- 
sian business,  187,  236-238 ;  240, 
signs  Steel's  commission,  268 

Mocha,  1 16 

Mocrob  Khan.     See  Mukarrab  Khan 

Mogore.     See  Mogul 

Mogores  (Moguls)  in  the  Red  Sea,  275 

Mogul,  the  Great,  wars  with  the  Portu- 
guese, 96,  107,  149,  150,  151,  155, 
desires  peace,  157,  189  ;  168,  179, 
186,  cause  of  the  war,  213  ;  239, 
results,  246  ;  banishes  all  the  Portu- 
guese, 96,  107,  and  others,  150,  and 
why,  213,  his  court,  98,  99,  104, 
131,  141,  151,  153,  243,  extent  of 
dominions,  99,  172,  Sherley's  visit, 
99,  106,  107,  108,  141,  English 
resident  at  court  of,  100,  108,  131, 
133,  136,  138,  151,  155,  157,  172, 
178,  180,  236,  243,  cost  of  main- 
taining, 244,  well  received,  246 ; 
247,  251,  266,  261,  letter  from 
King  James  I.  slighted,  103,  104, 
178,  179,  his  seal  to  articles,  103, 
withheld,  104,  105,  presents  for, 
103,    109,   as  from  King  James  I., 

138,  his  taste  in,  151,  152,  157,  195, 
196,  and  wishes  as  to,  173,  174,  178, 
presents  frequently  needed,  180,  183, 
193,  opened  and  viewed  against 
orders,  237,  238,  25S,  261  ;  240,  Sir 
T.  Smith's  picture,  246  ;  297,  301, 
wars  with  the  Rana,  104,  firmans 
and  letters  of,  104,  133,  138,  157, 
158,  178,  179,  182,  against  Portu- 
guese, 179,  236,  239,  240,  258,  261, 
298,  299,  300,  301,  his  hunting,  105, 
109,   and  that  of  his  women,   10S, 


contempt  for  merchants,  108,  131, 
133.  r36>  243,  244.  251,  261,  his 
great  ancestor,  13S,  his  timorous- 
ness,  139,  his  mother,  and  the 
'Remew,'  213,  his  merchant,  259, 
letter  from  the  Portuguese  to,  insult- 
ing English,  298,  orders  from,  pro- 
hibiting removal  of  '  Frangueis ' 
goods,  298,  299  ;  142,  143,  149,  156, 

169,  180,  181,  185 

Moluccas,  healthy,  and  inhabitants 
willing  to  trade,  16,  ships  of,  31,  32, 
33,  34,  English  trade  with,  49,  wars 
between  Dutch  and  Spaniards  in,  68, 
71,  78,  80,  166,  wares  for,  84,  120, 
128,  trade  hindered  in,  by  Portu- 
guese, 127  ;  209,  221,  272,  284,  294, 
302,  311,  trade  in,  314;  321,  322, 
328,  335,  336,  338 

Money.     See  Coins 

Money,  false,  the  cause  of  the  Cochin 
China  massacre,  197 

Monsoons  and  Winds,  4,  5,  14,  33,  35, 
36,  45,  46,  52,  53,  64,  77,  78,  79, 
81,  85,  92,  113,  116,  118,  122,   153, 

170,  177,  198,  201,  215,  217,  227, 
233.  234,  246,  256,  263,  294,  302, 
306,  309,  312,  314,  315,  319,  320, 
321,  322,  327,  329,  331,  332,  333, 

337,  338 

Moorish  traders  in  India,  S5 

Moors  of  Boeton,  36,  of  India,  S6,  1 1 6, 
and  the  Portuguese,  97,  213,  247, 
251,  294,  at  Patani,  128,  at  Zango- 
maye,  113  ;  279 

More,  William,  of  the  '  Osiander ' 
(Tenth  Voyage),  his  money,  101,  1 10 

Moreth,  Gion  Maria  di,  his  poor  estate, 
164,  165 

Moroffe,  285 

Mosley,  Samuel,  purser  of  the  'Thomas,' 
deceased,  320 

Mossopotam.     See  Masulipatam 

Mouris  Island  or  Mauritius,  189 

Moyella  Island,  167 

Moyetta  Island,  167 

Mukarrab  (Mocrob)  Khan,  sometimes 
called  'the  Nabob,'  96,  103,  hin- 
ders business,  104,  133,  Sted  inter- 
views,  135  ;   137,   his  covctousness, 


564 


EAST  INDIA   COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


138,  delays  the  English,  149,  150, 
151,  179,  237,  238,  240,  241,  251, 
insists  on  seeing  present  for  Mogul, 
151,  178,  179,  297;  152,  153,  261, 
his  letter  on  Midnall's  goods,  156, 
181,  the  sole  channel  to  reach  the 
Mogul,  157,  178,  179,  arch-enemy 
of  English,  168,  171,  176,  178,  180, 
185,  bribes  the  Dutch  to  fight  the 
Portuguese,  171,  list  of  things  de- 
sired from  England  for  the  Mogul, 
173,  183,  Downton's  notes  thereon, 
173-174,  his  relations  with  Down- 
ton,  185,  186,  receives  Edwards 
favourably,  213,  called  'the  Nabob,' 
225,  229,  254,  283,  296,  303,  305, 
312,  and  the  Mogul's  letters,  226, 
239,  240 ;  249,  258,  civilities  to 
Ball,  257,  25S,  Preston's  opinion  of, 
25S,  Jesuit  intluence  with,  259,  re- 
fuses guard  to  English  caravan,  260, 
despises  merchants,  261,  his  diplo- 
macy, 264 

Mulliamer  Benzaid,  King  of  Socotra, 
friendly,  14S 

Munday,  proposed  for  Persian  venture, 
170 

Muscovy.     Sec  Russia 

Muscovy  Company,  the,  265 

Muscovy  hides,  152,  173 

Muskat,  177 

Musketo,  Portuguese  merchant,  prof- 
fers friendship,  259 


Nabob,  the.     See  Mukarrab  Khan 

Nafa  harbour,  234,  235 

Nangasaki,   13,   17,  19,  20,  21,  22,  27, 

51,  72,  74,  76,  196,  228,  230,  235 
Nanking,  silk  of,   32,    128,   271,    276, 

315,  323,  327,  proposed  port  at  which 

to  open  trade  with  China,  199  ;  235 
Narangee  or  Naranse,  the  broker,  218, 

250,  281,  282,  286 
Narsapur  or  Narsarpurpeta,  41,  43,  60, 

80,  ship  built  at,  116;  293 
Nealson,     William,      of    the     Eighth 

Voyage,  left  in  Japan,  his  duties,  5  ; 

1 8,   25,  47,    letter  to  Wickham,  71- 

73  ;  75.  215.  216,  217,  228,  235 


Negrotat.     See  Tatta 

Nelson,  William,  servant  to  Sir  Thomas 
Smith,  176,  244 

1  New  Year's  Gift,'  E.  L  C.'s  ship,  25, 
136,  172,  212,  255 

Newell,  Richard  (of  the  Sixth  Voyage), 
sent  to  Landak,  29,  57 

Newman,  Richard,  in  Persia,  9S,  and 
Midnall,  105,  106,  299 

Newport,  Captain  Christopher,  his 
good  fame,  122,  171,  plot  of  a  Portu- 
guese sailor  against,  190,  his  discon- 
tent, 190 ;  212,  225,  2S7,  325,  330,334 

Nicholas.     Set  Withington 

Nicholls,  William,  list  of  writings  sent 
home  by  him  from  Tecoo,  147,  he  is 
left  at  Bantam,  277,  opinion  of  Cobb's 
conduct,  285,  letter  presumably  from, 
toE.  I.  C,  287-292,  sent  as  assistant 
merchant  in  the  '  Thomas '  to  Suma- 
tra, 328,  338 

Nicobar  Islands,  115 

Ningim  or  Ningin  root,  its  value,  114, 
and  scarcity,  191 

Ninth  Voyage  {see  Marlowe,  Captain, 
ship  'James,'  Davis,  master,  Biocke- 
don,  Cobb,  Gourney,  Sheppard), 
119,  120,  merchants  of,  123,  160, 
162,  goods  of,  269 

Nobisana's  Island     See  Ikshiu 

North-west  Passage,  Adams'  desire  to 
seek,  200 ;  221 


Ocanano,  John  de,  a  Spaniard,  in 
Japan,  216,  217,  222,  223,  227 

Oftley,  Robert,  169 

Ogashama.     See  Japan,  Emperor  of 

Okinawa-sima  Island  {called  Lequeo 
Grande),  234 

'Old  Zealand,'  Dutch  ship,  34 

Oliver, ,  290 

Orancaya  Tecoos,  the  chief  of  Lugho, 
272,  307 

Orancaya  Paduca  Sirnaca,  the,  and  the 
Sombaye,  129 

Orancayas,  the,  of  Patani  like  the  Eng- 
lish, 33,  harbour  dues,  44,  of  Pulo 
Ai  seek  English  aid,  78,  which  fails 
to  reach  them,  79 


INDEX 


365 


Ormus,  98,  145,  tribute  paid  by,  146; 
153,  169,  170,  177,  besieged  by  the 
Persians,  193  ;  237,  252,  262 

Osaka,  5,  12,  20,  21,  22,  25,  prices 
current  at,  48,  62;  50,  53,  74,  76, 
139,  cold  weather  at,  140  ;  143,  222 

•Osiander,'  E.  I.  C.'s  ship  (Tenth 
Voyage),  60,  81,  118,  119,  123,  145, 
165,  271,  278,  280,  284,  285,  2S7, 
288,  289,  290,  294,  295,  302,  313, 
314,  319,  320,  321,  323,  325,  327, 

332,  334,  335,  338,  339 
Oxima  orOshima.  See  Amami  Oosima 
Oxwicke,  John,  factor  for  Broach,  134, 
goes  thither,  213,  letters  from  Aid- 
worth,  218,  joint  letter  from  the 
same,  282,  another,  286-287,  letter 
from  Biddulph,  225,  letter  from 
Edwards  and  others,  249-250,  letters 
from  Elkington,  218,  219-220,  225- 
226,    228-229,   232,  295-296,   302- 

3°3,  303-304,  30S-306,  3ri-3I2> 
letter  from  Preston,  231,  letter  to 
Biddulph,  224,  letter  to  Elkington, 
283-284  ;  241,  259 
Oyen  Dono  or  Owendona,  Governor  of 
the  young  King  of  Firando,  iS,  20, 
25,  52,  53,  230 


Packing,  Dutch  method  of,  for  cloth, 
3,  English  method  bad,  187 

Padang,  291 

Paduca  Sirnaca,  an  Orancaya,  129 

Pagodas.     See  Coins 

Painters  of  the  Great  Mogul,  246 

Palamban,  112,  122,312 

Palsgrave  of  the  Rhine.  See  Heidel- 
berch 

Pam,  Island  of,  122,  127 

Paquin.     See  Pekin 

Parsons,  John  (of  the  Seventh  Voyage), 
46,  58,  121,  122 

Pasaman,  322,  323 

Patani,  3,  5,  16,  28,  ships  of,  31,  38, 
39,  40,  41,  43,  the  Queen  of,  her 
exorbitance,  44,  and  loans,  80,  81, 
Dutch  payments  to,  87,  112,  123, 
hostages  left  with,  127  ;  45,  49,  55, 
56,  57,  63,  65,  67,  71,  75,   76,  77, 


the  cloth  trade  bad,  79,  113,  customs 
charges  at,  79,  80,  81,  82,  91,  92, 
94,  95,  Hippon  dies  at,  112,  injur- 
ious effect  of  Marlowe's  conduct, 
114,  117,  119,  120;  121,  123,  124, 
145,  160,  165,  201,  202,  pepper, 
price  ^and  quality,  203  ;  204,  217, 
269,  270,  271,  273,   317,  319,  321, 

323,  325,  338 

'  Patience,'  a  junk,  28 

Pattamar,  101,  etc. 

Patell,  his   goods  not  up   to  sample, 
281 

Paulie,     William,     of     the     'Globe' 
(Seventh  Voyage),  129 

Peacock,  Tempest,  letter  to  E.  I.  C.,  on 
voyage  of  the  '  Thomas  '  and  trade  in 
Japan,  1-4  ;  left  in  Japan,  5,  money 
difficulties,  6  ;  8,  goes  to  Nangasaki, 
17,  Wickham's  guns,  18,  71  ;  19,  is 
sent  to  Cochin  China,  20,  21,  22,  27, 
and  slain  there,  68,  74,  75,  197,  198, 
204,  314  ;  his  book,  30,  his  message, 
51,  letters  from,  referred  to,  63,  his 
conduct,  72,  73 
'  Tearl,'  the,  Castleton's  ship,  68 

Pearls  of  Bahrein,  146 

Pecul.    See  Weights  and  Measures 

Pedro  Branco  the  little,  a  famous  rock, 

115 

Pegu,  the  Ava  King  of,  82 
Pekin,  residence  of  the  Chinese  Em- 
peror, 202 
Pengran  Protector  of  Bantam,  the,  276, 

3l8 

Penguin  Island,  255 

'Peppercorn,'  ship  of  E.  I.  C,  184, 
1S5,  190,  191,  192,  194,  204,  209 

Persia,  43,  climate  of,  98,  170,  Eng- 
lish merchants  in,  98,  goods  for,  9S, 
169,  170,  237,  ports  of,  98,  99,  note 
on,  145-146,  170,  177,  210,  211, 
Sherley  urges  English  to  seek  trade 
there,  99,  his  return  there,  99,  106, 
107,  141  ;  103,  105,  Indian  ambas- 
sador sent  to,  107,  the  tribute  from 
Ormus,  146,  free  from  customs  in- 
ward, 147,  raw  silk  of,  152;  169, 
213  ;  prospects  of  trade  and  routes 
for,  153,  193,  Downton's  letters  on, 


366 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


169-170,  209-211,  merchants  de- 
tailed for,  171,  213  ;  182,  consul- 
tation on  sending  an  expedition  to, 
208-209,  trade  with,  237,  241, 
248,  250,  252,  261,  262,  go* 
and  clothing,  237  ;  262,  coimuis- 
mmii  given  to  Sted  and  Crouther  for 
trade  in,  266-268 

,  King  of  (Shah  Abbas),  f 
the  English,  99,  Ml  port-,  146,  147, 
his  toll  to  procure  anny  pay,  147, 
his  court,  153;  !'>■>,  hi^  licence  for 
trade  needed,  170,  and  tOOgllt,  I  7 1 , 
2IO,  211,  242,  262,  267,  be  : 
Or 

n  Cull",  98,  177 
1  104,    needful    for 

■ra,     10S  ;     171,    179, 
generally  understood,  243 
I  St«  Petty 

.\  ,  1 1 ; 

l'etapoli  (called  Peta;  poHe, 

etc),  63,  80,  84  trading  at, 

85.  So  ;  88.  1 1  7.  293 

Petty,  Richard,  once  master  of  the 
1  Osiander '  (Tenth  Voyage),  later  of 
the  'Concord,'  in,  212,  dies,  268, 
Uawajof  storing  dry  commodities, 
270,  271,  his  cloves,  274,  316,  in 
the  'Concord,'  330,  334 

rhel>c,  John, in  Japan,  sent  toShrongo, 
\i.  a  •  dreamer,'  51,  53,  at  Jeddo, 
62,  63  ;  67,  invoice  of  goods  sent  by 
hand  of,  70  ;  74,  76,  139,  215,  216, 
217,  223,  'grown  stately,'  227 

Philippines,  Dutch  and  Spaniards  in, 
68,  71  ;  76,  buffaloes'  horns  from  and 
price,  205,  banished  Jesuits  in,  201, 
221 

Tice.     See  Coins 

Pillar  set  up  at  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope 
by  Sir  Thomas  Roe,  1 S4 

Tinan.     See  Pulo  Penang 

Pisa.    See  Weights 

Pitt,  Richard,  appointed  factor  for 
Surat  and  Cambaya,  1 34,  214,  241 

Plymouth,    320,    324,    32S,    harbour, 

329.  331 
Poland  and    Muscovy,    war   between, 
165 


Pon  Lecma,  287, 

Poolla  Penchan.     .See  Pulo  Pandjang 

Poolowaya  (Palo  Ai),  a,  78 

Pootoi 

Portugal   (and  of  (Philip 

III.),  186,  189 

Portuguese  (se.    I  'Minis, 

etc.),  tin  hum 

ship-,  btcloding  '  Kcniew, *  229,  take 
Surat   shi;>,   1  ■(,  2:,-  :i..ul, 

257  ;  dog  the  EogUlb  near  Swally, 
257,  paM  Surat,  ll8, 
at  Surat,  90,  their  city  of  1  >aman  be- 
;ed,  96,  threaten  Surat  and  make 
enemies,  97,  in  Sind,  99,  106,  107, 
hinder  English 

feat  of,  1 10)  10S,  leave  Sai  I 

war  with  the  Moguls,  r  }S,  t.ike  their 
shi. 

iish  help  againat)   invited,   1  |  1, 
150,  16S,  186,  213,  peace  di   iredbjr, 

150,  155,  and  tluir  .156, 
.  relations  with   Mukarrab  Khan, 

151,  171,  claim  to  exclusive  trade, 
179,  1S6,  Mukarrab  their  secret 
friend,   258,  confers   with   a    i 

2S9  J  3°5-  l,urn  Goga,  155,  rein- 
forcements expected,  169,  189,  attack 
expected  by  I'owntr.n, 
fighters,  |S  1  ;.  1 88,  <  hflrJafl  trade 
at  Sural,  |SS,  1S9,  burn  towns  and 
axe  hat  d,  21  t,  war  continued,  236, 
239,  influence  on  trade,  241,  260, 
menace   Surat. 

at  Surat,  290,  298,  Downton's  victory 
over,    302,  303,  305,  peai' 
305, not  concluded,   312,  sailors  not 
to   be  employed   in    Publish   ships, 
198 

Portuguese  in  Japan,  10,  n,  in  Ma- 
cassar, 31,  32,  in  the  Moluccas  16, 
in  Persia,  99,  146,  210,  242,  262, 
injurious  to  English  trade,  276,  Eng- 
lish not  to  fight,  in  those  parts,  309, 
a  friendly  Portuguese  merchant  there, 
3>o,  3" 

Portuguese  language,  104,  106,  letter 
in,  missing,  230 

Postle,  John,  factor  in  Tecoo,  2SS 

Pottany.     See  Patani 


INDEX 


367 


Predys,  Arthur,  assistant  merchant  in 
second  voyage  to  Japan,  237,  332 

Pregona,  106 

Preston,  Ralph,  left  at  Surat,  134,  ab- 
stract of  letter  to  E.  I.  C,  191,  sent 
to  Ahmedabad,  214,  letter  to  Ox- 
wicke,  231,  letter  to  E.  I.  C,  254- 
265 

Priaman,  pepper  of,  1,  280,  318,  321, 
371  ;  82,  145,  English  in  great 
danger  at,  165  ;  291,  322,  323 

Prices  current  at  Agra,  192,  Ajmir, 
180,  181,  300,  Ahmedabad,  151,  152, 
153,  196,  214,  231,  238,  241,  248, 
249,  250,  259,  260,  263,  Banda, 
308,  Bantam,  14,  32,  66,  86,  119,  269, 
274,  276,  277,  316,  319,  337,  339, 
Broach,  260,  Cape  of  Good  Hope, 
330,  Coast  of  Coromandel,  337, 
Jambusar,  281,  Japan,  3,  7,  11,  20, 
22,  25,  29,  30,  48,  50,  62,  71,  143, 
198,  199,  202,  203,  Java,  331,  Lu- 
ang Prabang,  113,  114,  Lugho,  Cam- 
bello,  etc.,  273,   Macassar,   31,  32, 

34,  45,  66,  77,  78,  Madagascar,  167, 
212,  Makjan,  2,  Masulipatam,  59, 
86,  Patani,  39,  117,  124,  125,  127, 
128,  129,  Persia,  98,  213,  Philippine 
Islands,  205,  Priaman,  1,  Siam,  94, 
205,  Socotra,  148,  212,  256,  Suka- 
dana,  57,  58,  Sumatra,  314,  Surat, 
107,  164,  193,  213,  218,  229,  232, 
248,  253,  254,  Tecoo,  288,  289, 
291 

Private  trading  by  E.  I.  C.  's  servants, 

35,  83,  91,  118,  125,  126,  190,  192, 
274,  275,  278,  279,  290,  291,  309, 
310,  316 

Prowd  or  Prowde,  Roger,  related  to 
Sir  Thomas  Smith,  goes  to  Agra, 
176,  214,  241,  243 

Pulicat,  trade  of,  monopoly  of  the 
Dutch,  83 

Pulo  Ai  (Poola  Waya),  33,  78 

Pulo  Cupas,  122 

Pulo  Doei  (Pulo  Doy),  3 

Pulo  Lingga.     See  Pulo  Pon  Lingua 

Pulo  Pandjang,  56,  321,  324 

Pulo  Penang,  115 

Pulo  Pon  Lingua,  122 


Pulo  Sambolan,  115 

Pulo  Tingy,  122 

Pulo  Tioman,  122 

Pursers   excluded   from   council,    184, 

190,  194 
Pussolucke,  113 


Quabicondono.     See  Ticus  Same 
Queda,  cloth  from,  128 
Quedoquea  Stibio  Dono,  12 
Quinham  or  Quinhon,  chief  town   of 
Cochin  China,  197 


Rachado,  Cape,  115 

Rack  or  arrack,  37,  57,  89 

Radaughe.     See  Redang 

Ramadan  or  Ramazan,    the    Moslem 

fast,  239 
Rana,  the,  of  the  Mountains,  104 
Randan.     See  Ramadan 
Rashbouts    (Rajputs),    152,    260,   261, 

263 
Rashell.     See  Reshire 
Raynawes,  263 
1  Red  Lion  the  with  the  Pile,'  Dutch 

ship,  71 
Red  Sea,  the,  103,  145,  153,  221,  246, 

Middleton's  doings  in,  104,  240,  260, 

trade  with  India,  241 ;  246,  253,  256, 

traders  in,  275 
Redang  Islands,  122 
'Remewe'  taken   by  the   Portuguese, 

213,  247,  and  burnt,  229,  her  value, 

251 
Reshire,  port,  described,  146 
Resident    for    Agra.        See    Canning, 

and  Edwards 
Rhine  provinces,  165 
Rials.     See  Coins 
Roe,    Sir  Thomas   (Ambassador  from 

James  I.  to  the  Mogul)  at  the  Cape 

of  Good  Hope,  184,  191 
Rogers,  Rev.  Peter,  goes  to  Agra,  176, 

214 

Romsie,  ,  his  wages,  56 

'Rose,'  147 


368 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


'Roquan,'  a  junk,  27 
'  Rotterdam, '  a  Dutch  ship,  80 
Rowe,      Richard,      master      of      the 
'  Thomas,'     his      dissensions     with 
Hawkins,  320,  letter  to  the  E.  I.  C, 

333-335 
Rubies,  price  of,  61,  balasse6,  301 
Rupees.     See  Coins 
Russia,  165,  263 


Sacadaney.     See  Sukadana 

Sacay  (Sakeye).     See  Osaka 

Sadler,  Richard,  appointed  a  factor  for 
Surat,  etc.,  134 

Safiandono,  befriends  the  English,  230 

Sailing  directions,  for  keeping  company, 
23-25,  for  Jasques,  99,  Baker's  re- 
ferred to,  183,  Arthington's  referred 
to,  194,  for  'Globe'  and  'James,' 
285 

Sailing  times,  from  the  Coast  of  Coro- 
mandel  to  Bantam,  49,  from  Japan  to 
l'atani,  5,  from  Patani  to  Sukadana, 
77,  from  Patani  for  Pulo  Ali,  78 

Sailing  waggons  in  Korea,  201,  202 

Saint  Augustine's  Bay,  148,  purchases 
in  silver  at,  167,  121,  256 

Saint  George's  flag  objected  to,  on  ac- 
count of  its  cross,  24 

Saint  Helena,  Island,  209 

Saint  Lawrence.     See  Madagascar 

Sakuyemon,  bis  receipt  in  Japanese, 
216 

Saldania,  Bay  of,  (see  also  Good  Hope, 
Cape  of)  146,  148,  167,  183,  old 
sails  to  be  used  there  for  tents,  184, 
the  '  condemned  men  '  left  ashore  at, 
184,  192,  194  ;  185,  188,  189.  190, 
brass  preferred  to  copper  by  natives 
at,    192 ;    194,   209,  210,   212,   250, 

255.  329»  333.  334 
Salmon,    Nathaniel,    master     of    the 
'Globe'  (Seventh Voyage),  285,  290, 

294 
Salt  Isles,  the.  332 
Salvador,  Ferdinando,  a  Portuguese,  in 

India,  257,   said  to  be  the  Mogul's 

merchant,  259 


'Samaritan,'  EL  I.  C's  ship,  318,  319, 
320,  322,  323,  325,  326,   327,  328, 

332,  335.  337.  338,  339.  340 

Sambas,  34,  38,  58,  Dutch  and  l.n- 
glish  factories  at,  66;  123,  79,  92, 
the  King  of,  and  the  Landak  expe- 
dition, 93,  prospects  of  trade  at,  278 

Same,  a  Japanese  honorific.  Cf.  Ticus 
Same 

Samuel,  Nathaniel,  master  of  the 
'  Osiander  '  (Tenth  Voyage),  118 

Samuel,  Thomas,  113 

Sandcrofte,  John,  appointed  a  factor 
for  P.aroda,  134,  letters  to  E.  I.  C, 
191,  212-215,  214-215  ;  231 

Sandford,  Melchior  Van,  68,  114 

Sangora.     Set  Sungora 

Saris  or  Sayers,  Edmund,  or  Edward, 
left  in  Japan,  5  ;  8,  9,  his  trade  re- 
ports, 22,  47  ;  75,  1 96, 'goes  to  Siam, 
200,  203,  and  is  to  be  instructed, 
206  ;  215,  216,  222,  223,  227 

Saris,  Captain  John,  of  the  Eighth 
Voyage,  ship  'Clove,'  his  visit  to 
Japan,  1,  3,  4,  128,  221,  323,  345, 
goes  to  Tidore,  2,  his  memorandum 
for  Cocks,  4-9,  with  orders  as  to 
payment  of  wages,  5,  6,  and  opinion 
of  William  Adams,  6,  7,  at  Bantam 
homeward  bound,  14,  arranges  the 
factory,  15,  16;  65,  148,  his  orders 
for  the  Siam  expedition,  196,  197, 
315,    his   specimen    kerimon,    198; 

251 

Sarkhej,  indigo  of,  152,  153,  188,  214, 
247,  packing  of,  249,  prices,  250,  252 

Satsuma  (Satchma),  235 

Savage,  Robert,  taken  on  board  against 
orders,  320 

Savoy,  the  Duke  of  (Charles  Emanuel, 
the  Great),  165. 

Sayer,  Sayers.     See  Saris 

Saywell,  Matthew,  of  the  '  Globe ' 
(Seventh  Voyage),  his  wages,  129 

Scooich,  Wickham's  man.  76 

'  Sea  Adventure, '  junk  of  E.  I.  C.  bought 
for  the  Siam  expedition,  196,  her 
lading,  200,  203,  207,  leaky,  215, 
216,  217,  222,  her  disastrous  voyage, 
223,  227 


INDEX 


369 


Seamanship  bad,  64,  185,  192,  and  in- 
ferior crews,  184,  190 

Seemon,  Zezay,  of  Osaka,  143 

Seer.     See  Weights  and  Measures 

Segora  (possibly  Sungora),  39 

'Seilan,'  the,  a  Dutch  ship,  315 

Seilan.     See  Ceylon 

Separate  Voyages,  inconveniences  of, 
15,  60,  83,  117,  119,  120,  249,  317 

Seran.     See  Ceram 

Serkese.     See  Sarkhej 

Sestos  river  (called  De  Cestos  and  Ses- 
tros),  319,  327,  commodities  of,  329, 

333.  334 
Seventh  Voyage  (161 1),  22,  moneys  of, 
41,    68,    306;    112,    silver  sent   on 
account  of,  206,  208,  goods  of,  316, 

317,  335.  336 

Shabunder,  the,  of  Bantam,  318, 
of  Masulipatam,  Meer  Shumelo,  17, 
of  Surat,  his  ship  taken,  137 ; 
296 

Sheppard,  William,  and  the  '  Globe's  ' 
stores,  41,  goes  to  Siam,  44,  45, 
joint  letter  to  Jourdain  and  Cobb, 
49;  82,  119,  121,  122,  123,  his 
accounts  sent  home,  273 

Sherley,  Lady,  209 

Sherley,  Sir  Robert,  receipt  from,  16, 
at  Sinda,  99,  106,  and  Agra,  99, 
106,  on  opening  trade  with  Persia, 
99,  returns  thither,  107,  141,  his 
trading  in  cloth,  107,  180,  181,  gifts 
to,  108,  a  note  of  his  observations  on 
Persian  ports,  145,  Steel  to  be  sent 
to,  171,  Downton's  letter  to,  on 
Persian  trade,  209-211,  and  attitude 
to  Persian  trade,  241,  242,  248,  252, 
262,  266,  267 

Sherongo  (Shrongo),  in  Japan,  5,  10, 
12,  13,  18,  21,  22,  25,  26,  48,  52 

Shimeneseak  or  Shimenoseki,  46 

Ships'  surgeons  mere  boys,  184 

Shiraz  {called  also  Sherase),  146,  193 

Shrongo.     See  Sherongo 

Siam,  3,  English  trade  with,  5,  16,  19, 
27.  39.  44.  45.  65,  ships  of,  31,  47, 
67,  expedition  to,  68,  76,  79,  80,  81, 
82,  94,  95,  112,  local  wars  with 
Pegu,  82,   S4,  S7,  James  I.'s  letter 

Y  1268. 


delivered  and  factory  arranged  for, 
113  ;  114,  115,  117,  119,  121,  com- 
position of  the  expedition,  123,  124; 
145,  165,  196,  197,  199,  presents  to 
the  King  of,  200,  203,  205,  206,  in- 
voice of  the  goods  sent  to,  204,  207 ; 
217,  expedition  unsuccessful,  233, 
23S»  315.  factory  in,  325,  335,  338. 

Silver,  ,  cooper  of  the  '  Clove, '  his 

name  inscribed  on  Penguin  Island, 

255 

Simma  Dono.     See  Tome  Same 

Simon,  a  juribasso  in  Japan,  27,  227 

Sind,  153,  171,  land  transit  difficult, 
177;  199,  209,  237 

Sind  river.     See  Indus 

Singagerie,  127 

Singapouren,  Strait  of,  115 

Sirgoes.     See  Sarkhej 

Sixth  Voyage  (1610),  14,  118,  goods 
of,  120,  313,  317,  336,  moneys  of, 
306 

Skinner,  John,  master  of  the  '  Globe  ' 
(Seventh  Voyage),  60,  complotter 
with  Marlowe,  114,  115,  is  careless, 
293,  becomes  master  of  the  '  Osi- 
ander'    (Tenth  Voyage),   294,    295, 

310,  must  be  kept  under  supervision, 

311,  becomes  master  of  the  'Con- 
cord,' 322,  336 

Slavery  (see  also  Caffro)  in  Japan,  72, 
in  the  Malay  Archipelago,  36 

Small  ships  derogatory  to  the  dignity  of 
E.  I.  C,  45,  desired,  81,  83,  to  be 
also  roomy,  191,  for  visitation  pur- 
poses, 326 

Smith,  Henry,  nephew  of  Sir  Thomas 
Smith,  goes  to  Agra,  176,  214,  241, 

243 
Smith,  Sir  Thomas,  Kt.,  Governor  of 
the  East  India  Company,  alleged 
letters  from,  60,  abstracts  of  letters 
from  Edwards,  183,  Holmedon,  183, 
and  Keridge,  183,  185  ;  letter  from 
Blitheman,  328-333 ;  letter  from 
Brockedon  on  wages,  63-65  ;  letter 
from  Downton  on  the  difficulties  of 
commanders,  174-177 ;  letter  from 
Edwards,  on  his  appointment  as 
lieger,  243-246  ;  letter  from  Gourney 

B  B 


37o 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


on  Marlowe,  etc. ,  88,  89  ;  letter  from 
Ilerode,  on  his  voyage,  and  the  ex- 
pedition to  Landak,  91-95  ;  letter 
from  Keridge,  of  exculpation,  no, 
III  ;  letter  from  Larkin,  on  the 
voyage  of  the  'Darling,'  65-67; 
letter  from  Mitford,  236-238  ;  122, 
139,  239,  243,  Brighurst's  slanders, 
245,  his  good  opinion  of  Welden,  308 

Socadanya.     See  Sukadana 

Socotra,  and  its  King,  148,  167,  212, 
251,  his  good  disposition,  255 

Soldania.     See  Saldania 

•Solomon,'  E.  I.  C.'s  ship,  151,  156, 
192,  212,  247,  251,  279,  286 

Sombase.     See  Sambas 

Sombaye,  112,  123,  129 

Soronga.     See  Sherongo 

Spain,  the  King  of  (Philip  III.),  his 
alleged  suit  for  Elizabeth,  daughter 
of  James  I.,  165 

Spain,  155,  truce  with  the  Low  Coun- 
tries, but  not  in  the  East,  165,  war 
with  the  Dutch  in  the  Moluccas,  166 

Spalding,  Augustine,  or  Austen,  41,  42, 
86,  and  the  porcelain,  92;  117,  122, 
and  alleged  private  trading,  27S,  279 

Spaniards,  in  the  Moluccas,  2,  68,  166, 
in  Japan,  6,  7,  10,  11,  seize  a  run- 
away, 228,  and  why,  230,  a  rene- 
gado  instigates  the  destruction  of  the 
'Trades  Increase,'  279,  fighting 
with,  to  be  avoided,  309,  why,  340 

Spanish  money  refused  at  St.  Augus- 
tine, 167 

Spanish  wine  in  Japan,  23 

Speck,  Jacob,  Dutch  Merchant,  34,  his 
new  ship,  71 

'Speedwell,'  a  pinnace  of  the  E.  I.  C. , 
285,  294,  314,  322 

Speight,  Arthur,  instructions  for  ships 
keeping  company,  addressed  to,  by 
Downton,  23-25 

Sphan  or  Sphane.     Set  Ispahan 

Stapers,  Richard,  98,  262 

Starkey,  Anthony,  steward  of  the 
'  Dragon  '  (formerly  of  the  '  Osi- 
ander')  his  allowance,  101  ;  103,  no 

Starkey,  Richard,  dies,  184,  194 

States  General  (of  Holland),  19 


Steel,  Richard,  and  trade  with  Persia, 
98,  104,  and  Midnall,  105,  is  sent  to 
confer  with  Mukarrab  Khan,  135, 
advises  a  non-mercantile  resident  for 
Agra,  136,  signs  consultations  at 
Surat,  137,  in  connection  with  the 
proposed  opening  of  trade  with  Per- 
sia, 153,  154,  169,  170,  171,  172; 
182,  208,  209,  commended  to  Sher- 
ley  by  Downton,  209-210,  211;  213, 
237,  242,  243,  248,  249,  252,  257, 
262,  267,  26S 

Stillero  wanted,  256 

Stores  bad,  187,  190,  and  needed, 
189 

Stowaways  forbidden,  208 

Sturton,  — ,  23 

Sually.     See  Swally 

Suetonius,  a  copy  belonging  to  Wick- 
ham,  75 

Sukadana,  16,  28,  29,  goods  for,  32, 
33>  34,  37,  38>  39,  4°,  46,  report 
from,  55,  56,  dissensions  at,  57,  65, 
poor  state  of,  66,  92,  sailing  times 
for  from  Patani,  77  ;  79,  82,  lack  of 
money  at,  94,  121,  123,  279,  Dutch 
at,  271,  trade  at,  278,  309,  323,  326, 

332,  336,  333,  340 

Sumatra,  118,  119,  trade  in,  314,  318, 
322,  325,  328,  332,  335,  337,  339 

Sunda  Straits,  14,  the  longer  route  to 
the  '  Coast, '  64  ;  80,  called  '  Sun- 
day,'319;  331,  334 

Sunday  observance  by  E.  I.  C.'s  ser- 
vants in  the  East,  21  ;  130 

Sungora,  39,  94,  124,  proposed  factory, 
125  ;  129 

Surat,  19,  42,  43,  59,  60,  61,  91,  trade 
report  from,  96,  threatened  by  the 
Portuguese,  97,  99,  101,  103,  104, 
106,  the  bar  of,  107 ;  131,  question 
of  keeping  as  sole  market,  131, 
decision,  X32,  factors  appointed  for, 
134,  councils  held  at,  136,  137, 
138,  140,  141,  the  Shabunder's 
ship,      137,      English      at,       142, 

148,  149,    Portuguese    fighting    at, 

149,  186,  the  sub-governor  of,  150, 
goods  of,  151,  188,  193,  194,  337, 
338,  340,  value  of  its  money,  152  ; 


INDEX 


371 


*53»  155.  »S9,  164,  '168,  river  of, 
168,  Viceroy  of  the  Portuguese  ex- 
pected at,  169;  170,  171,  173,  174, 
176,  bar  of,  178,  187,  251,  merchants 
desire  trade  with  English,  179,  the 
late  Governor,  180,  goods  for,  180  ; 
182,  183,  184,  185,  187,  188,  place 
for  sending  ships  from,  190,  small 
ships  for,  191,  trade  prospects,  193, 
194,  208,  211,  212,  218,  219,  custom 
house  in,  225  ;  228,  232,  236,  237, 
238>  239,  240,  241,  242,  243,  246, 
ship  taken  by  Portuguese,  247,  251  ; 
248,  249,  252,  253,  256,  257,  258, 
259,  261,  prices  at,  263,  sandal-wood 
sold  at,  27S  ;  1S7,  2SS,  290,  295, 
Portuguese  collect  at,  296,  298,  305, 
Dutch  at,  297;  299,  302,  303,  311, 
317,  fleet  of,  323,  338;  336 
Swally,  130,  149,  156,  167,  168,  172, 
185,  192,  212,  236,  239,  247,  249, 
251,  254,  257,  295,  296,  the  defeat 
of  the  Portuguese  off,  by  Downton, 

303-305;  3" 
Sweden  and  Denmark  united,  1 65 
Synda.     See  Sind 
Symons,  Thomas,  surgeon's  mate,   at 

Tecoo,  2S8 


Taels.     See  Coins 

Tahanna,  a  free  port  in  Makjan,  2 

Tamburlaine,  138 

Tannassary.     See  Tcnasserim 

Tatta  (Tutta),  143,  172 

Tattamy.     See  Weights  and  Measures 

Tecoo,  118,  147,  287,  289,  322,  323 

Temor,  Timour,  Tymor.     See  Timor 

Tenasserim  (Tannassary),  86 

Tenth  Voyage  (1612),   123,   its  stock, 

177,    accounts  of,     193,    271,    2S9, 

292 
Tematta,  or  Ternate,  Spaniards  at,  2, 

3,  language  of,  272,  King  of,  friendly, 

272,  307 
Ternattan,  a,  governor  of  Lugho,  307 
Thoharton,  129 
•Thomas,'  E.  I.  C.'s  ship,  1,  318,  320, 

322,  325,  328,  332,  335,  337,  338, 

339 


'  Thomasine,'  E.I.C.'s  ship,  31S,  320, 
322,  325,  328,  332,  335,  337,  338, 
339.  340 

Ticus  Same,  or  Quabicondono,  Empe- 
ror of  Japan  and  predecessor  of 
Ogushama,  201,  attempt  on  the  life 
of  the  Emperor  of  China,  202,  221 

Tidore,  Spaniards  at,  2,  Dutch  losses 
at,  80 

Tient  river,  charted,  95 

Timor,  factory  desired  at,  277,  309, 
336,  338,  340 

Toba,  a  bad  harbour,  52,  53 

Tobacco  prohibited  in  Japan,  20 

Tombaz,  105 

Tome  Same  (called  also  Semi  Dono 
etc.  orMatsuura  Ilizen  no  Kami),  the 
young  King  of  Firando,  a  bad  pay- 
master, 7,  loans  to,  9,  10,  12,  52, 
53,  54,  his  governor,  18,  25,  and 
secretary,  20,  his  purchases,  48  ;  62, 
his  military  preparations,  230 

Toshtro,  and  the  key,  216 

Towerson,  Captain  Gabriel,  marries 
the  widow  of  Captain  William  Haw- 
kins, 210 

'Trades  Increase,'  ship  of  the  E.  I.  C. 
(Sixth  Voyage),  60,  90,  94,  destroyed, 
102,  165,  201,  in  what  manner,  279  ; 
328,  335 

Trange,  cloth  from,  128 

Tsushima  (Tushma),  5,  22,  trade  at, 
107,  its  independence,  201 

Tucker,  John,  left  at  Surat,  1 34 

Tuning,  Gisbright,  a  Dutchman,  enters 
E.  I.  C.'s  service,  200 

Turkey  and  the  Turks,  169,  20S,  24S, 
trade  with  likely  to  fail,  261,  275 

Turkish  language,  a  knowledge  of, 
desirable  for  English  resident  at 
Agra,  108 

Tushma,  the  boy,  and  Iris  writings,  216 

Tushma.     See  Tsushima 

Tutta.     See  Tatta 

Twelfth  Voyage  (161 2),  14,  16,  60 

Tyddore.     See  Tidore 


Ukfington,  George,  letter  to  E.  I.  C. 
(abstract),  1S5 


372 


EAST  INDIA    COMPANY'S  RECORDS 


Ufllet,  Nicholas,  appointed  a  factor  for 

Agra,  134,  214,  241 
Uringo,   12 
Ushian  Dona,  governor  of  the  old  King 

of  Firando,  1 7,  20 


Van   Berghen  or  Vanburchen.     See 

Berghen 
Variao,  249,  296,  304,  305,  311 
Varrada,  Jeronimo  de,  letter  from,  to 

the   English  at  Firando    (missing), 

230 
Vataw,  250 

Velour,  the  King  of,  83 
Venice,   cloth   of,    50,    86,    108,    180, 

202,   219,   225,  300,    312,  drinking- 

glasses,  195,  and  looking-glasses  etc., 

300 
Veriaw.     See  Variao 
Vernon,  William,  left  at  Surat,  134 
Viceroy    of   Cambay.     See  Mukarrab 

Khan 
Viceroy  of  Goa.     See  Goa,  Viceroy  of 
Visapur.     See  Bijapur 
Visitador  General  of  the  Dutch,  165 
Viss.     See  Weights  and  Measures 


Wages,  references  to,  4,  6,  8,  56,  63, 
80,  89,  91,  95,  109,  in,  121,  129, 
136,  154,  173,  176,  183,  200,  244, 
262,  266,  277,  289,  290,  301,  315, 
3i8 

Warne  Hall,  Cumberland,  130 

Watkins,  David,  139 

Wading  Street,  265 

Weights,  required,  187,  256 

Weights  and  Measures,  Eastern  and 
English,  instances  of,  bahar,  2,  35, 
287,  288,  equivalent  in  pounds,  289, 
308  ;  candy,  59,  86,  equivalent,  337; 
catty,  1,  13,69,  288, passim;  corge, 
32,  45,  58,  86,  120,  283,  311,  312, 
etc.;  covad  or  covado,  97,  1S0,  181, 
214,  220,  225,  equivalent  in  yards, 
229,  241,  263,  305  ;  coyan,  34,  46, 
77  ;  haste,  127  ;  kintal,  256  ;  matt, 
7,    25,    26,    equivalent,   198,    202  ; 


maund,  140,  181,  193,  equivalents  in 
English  pounds,  215,  238;  248, 
equivalents,  260,  281,  282  ;  pecul, 
20,  22,  passim;  pisa,  181,  250; 
seer,  123,  127,  231,  250,  253,  etc.; 
tattamy,  of  Japan,  198,  202  ;  viss, 
117 
Welden,  Richard,  35,  letter  to  Jour- 
dain,  35-36;  45,  a  good  linguist, 
272>  3°7»  well  thought  of  by  Sir 
Thomas  Smith,  308,  stays  at  Banda, 

315 

Westby,  Richard,  44,  at  Bantam,  277, 
signs  letter  to  E.  I.  C.,  279,  and  re- 
port on  Cobb,  285,  letter  to  E.  I.  C, 

335-339 

White,  Edward,  dies,  185,  192 

Wickham,  Richard,  of  the  Eighth 
Voyage,  left  in  Japan,  5,  his  wages, 
6,  315,  alleged  insubordination,  8, 
misrepresented  as  cruel  by  the  Dutch, 
23,  72,  letter  from  Adams,  75-76, 
letter  from  Cocks  to  him  and  Adams, 
9-10,  to  him  alone,  10-13,  other 
letters  from  Cocks,  17-18,  18-19, 
21-22,  22-23,  26-27,  46-47.  5*>  53' 
54,  67-69,  70-71,  215-216,216,217, 
222,  223,  223-224,  227,  227-228, 
230,  letters  from  Eaton,  20,  25-26, 
29-30,  30-31,  48,  50-51 ,  62-63,  74- 
75,  letter  from  Nealson,  71-73,  140, 
to  go  to  Siam,  200,  203,  commission 
and  invoice  of  goods  shipped  in  the 
*  Sea  Adventure '  for  Siam  sent  to,  by 
Cocks,  204-208 

William,  68 

Williams,  John,  32,  dead,  37,  57,  94, 
his  debt,  54 

Wilson,  Ralph,  his  trespass  against  the 
Articles,  320 

Wilson,  William,  126 

Withington,  Nicholas,  at  Agra,  100, 
106,  appointed  factor  for  that 
place,  134,  letter  to  Aldworth, 
140-143  ;  138,  139,  158,  181,  298, 
299 

Wood,  Timothy,  left  at  Surat,  134, 
dead,  156,  213,  236,  248,  252,  is 
edifying  end,  265 

Woodall,  ,  184 


INDEX 


373 


Wootton,  Thomas,  surgeon,  89,  126, 

130,  his  skill,  292 
Wootton, ,    6 

Xavier,  Francis,  96 

Ximenes,  Ilamando,  18,  20,  202 

Yarspur  or  Yarsurpurpeta.    Ste  Nar- 

sapur 
Yasimon  Dono,  or  Zanzebar,  18,  19, 

47.  51*  52*  69*  2»5 
Yates,  John,  letter  to  his  master,  We 

Greenwell,  Deputy  Governor  of  the 

E.  I.  C,  319-320 
Yedo.     Set  Jeddo 
Young,  John,  Aldworth's  servant, letter 

to  E.  I.  C.  (abstract),  1S3;  251 


Younge,  Robert,  appointed  a  factor 
for  Agra,  134,  214,  241,  goes  to 
Broach  en  route,  213 

Yousen  or  Yoosen,  John,  a  Dutchman, 
68,  113,  114,  197,206 

Yshew.     See  Iksbiu 


Zangomaye  or  Zhangomaye  or  Jan- 

gama.     See  Kiang-mai 
Zanzebar.     See  Yasimon 
'  Zelandea,'  Dutch  ship,  128 
Zendoque  Dono.     See  Andreas 
Zeyea  Street,  in  Osaka,  143 
Zezay  Seemon,  of  Osaka,  143 
Zinde.     See  Sind 
Zoccatra.     See  Socotra 


LONDON  *. 

EYRE   AND   SI'OTTISWOODE, 

Utr  Majesty's  Printers, 

DOWNS    PARK    ROAD,     HACKNEY,     N.E. 


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